曼特宁TOEFL口语准备
如何拿下托福口语第六题
如何拿下托福口语第六题托福口语第34套,口语Task 6. 口语第六题通常是很多学生最害怕的题目,听力是学术类文章,难。
在没有听懂的情况下，很难在短时间组织语言来回答问题，今天我就TPO 34套的task 6，做一个范例讲解。
听力文本:(female professor) So, OK, we’ve been talking about frogs, and like all amphibians, frog has thin skin, which means they lose moisture through their skin easily. Now, typically, we think of frogs as living in wet environments. But for frogs who live in dry places, with desert-like conditions, this can be a problem. Frogs have been able to survive in such areas by having different physical features, special dry-climate features that help them maintain an adequate level of moisture in their cells and avoid drying out.Some frogs do this by preventing water loss through their skin. By creating a sort of covering over their skin, they greatly reduce their skin’s exposure to the dry air. The covering acts like a barrier that locks in moisture. For example, some frogs secrete[分泌] a substance through their skin, a fatty substance that they rub off over their skin using their hands and feet, which creates a waxy[柔软的,蜡色的] layer all around their bodies that’s almost completely water-tight.Other frogs maintain an adequate level of moisture through a different physical feature, one that allows them to store water inside their bodies for later use. A specially modified internal organ inside their bodies enables them to have a high water-storage capacity. So the frogs are able to absorb and store moisture during wet rainy times which they can rely on to get through dry periods. The aptly[适宜的,适当地] namedwater-holding frog, for example, has a bladder [膀胱]that is highly elastic and stretchable. When it does rain, the frog absorbs water through its skin and its bladder stretches to hold this extra water. The water is then slowly released from the special bladder into the frog’s internal tissues until the next rain which might not be for several months.笔记:Frogs, dry places, physical feature , maintain moisture1.Prevent water loss through skinEG. Covering, barrier,fatty Substance, rub off skin, layer , water-tight2.Store water inside their bodyEG. water-holding frogRain, absorb water through skin ,bladder stretches to hold water托福口语task6, 文章结构：Topic sentence: Frogs, dry places, physical feature , maintain moisture Sub topic 1position :Prevent water loss through skinExample :covering, barrier,fatty Substance, rub off skin,waxy layer , water-tightSub topic 2position:Store water inside their bodyExample : water-holding frogRain, absorb water through skin ,bladder stretches to hold waterSample Answer:The lecture introduced two dry-climate features of frogs.The first feature prevents water loss through their skin. Their skin can secrete a fatty substance， which they can rub all over their body using their hands and feet. And this waxy layer makes their skin watertight so as to reduce water loss.And other feature is modified internal organs that ensures higher water storage within their body. Frogs can absorb rain water through their skin，and store the water in their elastic bladder， so later the water can be released to their tissue to help the animal go for a long time. (8 sentences,104 words)。
托福口语要点解析及答题技巧
托福口语要点解析及答题技巧托福口语一共有6个task，分为独立口语和综合口语两大部分，独立口语主要是依据题目表达自己的观点，综合口语是对听力内容的概述和总结，下面我就和大家共享托福口语要点解析及答题技巧，盼望能够关心到大家，来观赏一下吧。
托福口语要点解析及答题技巧一. 托福口语要点解析托福口语的6个task答题都有各自的要点，大家肯定要留意。
在回答Task 1的时候要首先讲明主题句，然后列出三点理由，举一个例子论证即可，例子尽量详细。
Task2要用主题句表明倾向，然后叙述两点理由，最终可以做一个总结句。
Task3可以使用三段式模板，但是要留意把握时间，阅读段落和听力段落描述时间比例约为1:2。
Task4先概括文章段落大意，听力段落重点描述，假如阅读段落中有提到的内容，但在听力段落中没有提到，可以不说。
Task5对于前半部分的问题描述可以使用模板快速回答，描述个人意见时可以选择一条或两条理由，只要描述足够充分就可以。
Task6答题时最为重要的是描述清晰事情的起因和结果以及主要特征，描述过程中不要遗漏重点信息，也不要消失描述错误的状况。
二. 托福口语答题技巧1. 语调轻松，不要像背书托福口语考试是仿照沟通的考试，所以肯定不要给人一种你在背书的感觉。
答题时要当成一般谈天，也可以加一些口头语，比如“you know”、“I mean”等等。
这样的口头词语可以在你突然卡顿的时候，给你短暂的思索时间，也会让你的回答听起来更加流利和顺畅。
回答期间尽量不要突然停住不说话，流利度很重要。
2. 内容丰满，自圆其说口语答题时，肯定要留意答案的丰满度，比如，举例论证的时候，肯定要将例子表达完整。
规律关系明确，假如分点回答，可以用“first，second，third”等词汇过渡，让自己的回答听起来条理清楚。
答题时分论据肯定要和自己的主题论据全都，能够自圆其说，切忌前后互不照应。
3. 平常多练习托福口语的平常需要多练习，假如平常没有打好基础，那么考试中的技巧再好也是没有用的。
2个月托福首战118分的备考攻略
2个月托福首战118分的备考攻略2个月托福首战118分的备考攻略01.词汇篇语言类学习第一重要的就是词汇积累。
80分，背熟练一本托福单词书足够;90分+，就要背各个培训机构老师们精心整理的真题单词集。
个人觉得，最好的办法是自己整理的单词书!为什么这么说呢?因为在做TPO的时候将高频的词汇和自己不熟悉的单词都记录下来，久而久之就能做成一本自己的单词词典。
更重要的是在这个过程中，你可以提高自己对关键词汇的反应和意识。
到最后刷题的时候，这个单词是关键词，可能与题目有关，这种意识自然而然就会在你脑海里跳出来，做题当然就so easy!02.阅读篇阅读其实没有太多的技巧，相比GRE，托福的阅读相对简单些。
1.如果你的阅读分数提不上去，甚至看不懂，那只能最基本的入手：词汇和句子结构。
还是推荐自己动手丰衣足食，自己做TPO的时候把看不懂的句子抄录下来，再慢慢分析其中的词汇和语法结构，久而久之阅读能力自然就提高了。
2.有人说，我看懂了，题还是没做对!这个就是考场上考试技巧的问题了。
其实考试技巧其实不外乎以下几个方面：迅速把握文章内容、识别题目、针对不同题目进行不同解法，以及快速排除错误选项。
即便是高分得主，在潜意识里也快速进行了这样的过程。
在备考期间，应该尤其重视这两方面的总结，收获很大。
3.需要特别提醒的是：在针对一个题目选出答案的时候，一定要在文章中找到答案的依据，切不可凭印象做题。
4.此外，托福阅读的题目和文章顺序是完全一致的，所以先看题再回头看文章的办法就比较好，很节约时间。
5.最后一题考全篇的，其实有一个小技巧。
如果选项中有非常细节的描述基本上就该被排除，如果你感觉选项的内容文章中根本没有提及，也不要认为自己没看懂而过度脑补，也直接排除就好了。
03.听力篇关于听力，我想认真辟下谣~1.网上有很多经验贴，有人说：听力差可以从新概念、VOA、BBC开始。
这些材料和托福听力的关系都不大，个人认为对于时间紧迫的同学来说纯粹是浪费时间。
托福TPO64口语
#1Some people prefer to get information from books.Others prefer using a computer to access information via the Internet.Which do you prefer?Explain why.#2Reading Time:45secondsCafe to be Built in LibraryThe university has decided to build a cafe in the basement of the library.The reason given for this new development is that university officials believe students will enjoy the convenience of being able to eat without having to leave the library.Students have often complained that their studies are disrupted because they must leave the library whenever they want to eat.Officials also believe that it will help make library study more productive if students have the opportunity to take short breaks in the cafe while they're working Sincerely,JustinRubenMan:I don't understand.Isn't that a good thing?Woman:No.Because in the library they're just gonna serve a bunch of unhealthy snacks,sandwiches and sweets and soda.So,students will just eat junk.At least the cafeteria has some healthy food.Man:Okay,I see what you mean.Yeah,I probably wouldn't walk over to the cafeteria either.Woman:And I think they're wrong about another thing.If I'm in the library and I know why friends are down in the basement chatting,I'm gonna be tempted to go down there and hang out with them.You know what I mean?I'm sure I'm not the only one who be tempted to go down there and chat.How’s anybody gonna concentrate on doing actual work?Man:Yeah,good point.This whole thing might backfire.The woman expresses her opinion of the university's plan,describe her opinion and her reasons for holding that opinion.Reading Time:50secondsParadox of ChoiceThe freedom to make choices and decisions makes people happy because it gives them a sense of being in control of their lives.However,the fact that having some choice is good does not mean that having more choice is necessarily better,since having too many choices can cause anxiety and dissatisfaction.The main reason for this is that as the number of options available to us increases,the effort required to make a good decision increases as well.This phenomenon has been termed the paradox of choice: we like having choices and think that having more choices should please us;but instead,it causes us distress.Now listen to a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.Okay,here's an st week I went shopping for a pair of jeans.I hadn't bought jeans in years.And boy was I in for a surprise.You see,all I wanted was regular jeans.But when I told this to the salesperson,he looked at me as though I were from Mars.He explained,I could choose between five different styles,straight or baggy,and I don't know what else and a dozen colors.And on top of that,did I want buttons or zipper?Now,it used to be there were only a couple of jean’s types,and it was easy for me to decide what I wanted.Now,with all these different possibilities, shopping was hard.I went back and forth.This pair was comfortable.But this other one was the most fashionable.And there were at least four different colors that looked really good.Finally,I did settle on one,but what used to take five minutes had turned into a2hour project.Before the choice was basically dark blue or light blue,period.Maybe the fit wasn't perfect but deciding was easy.But now I had a complex and time-consuming problem on my hands.Plus,all the back and forth actually gave me a headache.Was I making the right decision?How could I be sure?Sure,it was only a pair of jeans,but I left the store anxious rather than satisfied with my purchase.Explain what is meant by the paradox of choice using the example mentioned by the professor.Listen to part of a talk in an environmental science class.There's one more method of forest conservation I wanna talk about before we end today.And that's forest fires.It may come as a surprise to many of you,but fire is a key element of many ecosystems.For example,it’s a natural normal process that helps maintain a healthy forest.For decades,we believed fire should be suppressed at all costs,so they were put out as quickly as possible to preserve the environment.But in the last20years or so,we've come to realize the advantages of regular controlled fires to an ecosystem.In fact,a lot of plant species depend on fire for survival.In a forest full of pine trees,for example,fire is necessary for reproduction.Pine trees in particular,need fire in order to spread their seeds.Pine trees of course have pine cones,which contain their seeds.So what happens is that the heat from a fire melts the resin,you know that sticky stuff that holds the cone scales together.So the resin melts,and the cones open up,and the seeds inside the cone are released on the ground. And eventually,young pine trees grow from them.So thanks to the fire,we've got a new generation of pine trees.Like I said earlier,fires can help grow better forests, which in tum creates a better habitat for wildlife in the areas,for instance,they have an impact on the density of the forest,a fire that kills some trees,but not others can open up a forest area previously thick with trees.This let's in sunshine,which encourages growth of new shrubs and grasses.The new plant life in turn brings in new animal species.Using the examples from the lecture explain why forest fires are beneficial to the forest ecosystem.。
toefl口语七月机经
超五星级第四次补充NEW！Task11Some high school students in your community are planning to initiate a program promoting environmental friendliness. What advice would you offer them and why? Please include specific examples and details in your explanation. Personally speaking, I would tell them to arrange free seminars with topics on different issues in our environment and distribute flyers with all kinds of information promoting environmental awareness because I believe only when people have enough informatio n about what’s going on in our environment, they can truly want to do something about it. For example, I became aware of our environmental issues after I attended a free seminar on campus about climate change. In the seminar, the professor presented a lot of pictures about endangered animals and plants across the world because of climate change. Before then, I never cared that much about saving our environment. Therefore, I think seminars would be a good start.2If you have an opportunity to go to a free class during the weekend，which of the following would you choose to go to public speaking, starting your own business, or photography and why? Please include details and examples in your explanation.Personally，I would choose to take a class on public speaking because speaking in public is such an important skill both at school and at work. For example，my professors often require us to make presentations in front of everyone in class. However, I can’t speak fluently as usual and I forgot what I would speak some times. So I need to practice the skill of speaking in public. And I believe that a good expression of speaking in public will make a good impression on my boss and my coworkers. That’s why I would like to choose the class on public speaking.3Some universities have decided to force students who cheat at school to leave the school. Do you think if it is a good idea? What are the advantaged and disadvantages? Please include reasons and details in your explanation.In my opinion, it’s better f or the university to dismiss students who cheat because intellectual integrity [ɪn'tegrɪtɪ] is the most important in anyone’s purs uit of knowledge. For instance, in my brother’s college, his classmate plagiarized ['pledʒə'raɪz] an essay and used it for the graduation thesis. The professor never found out about it and gave him a good grade on the paper. However, I think it is harmful to other people’s intellectual property. And there is no meaning for plagiarizing. H e didn’t learn anything from the assignment because he copied everything from other people, which was a waste of education.Task21Some people prefer to give practical gifts while others prefer to give entertaining gifts. Which do you prefer to give and why? Please use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.Personally speaking, I prefer giving practical gifts because whenever the gift receiver uses the gift，they will think of me, which makes me happy too. For example，I once gave a pen to my best friend Amy on her eighteenth birthday because she used to write every day; I thought a pen would be really useful for her. Other friends gave her entertaining gifts such as teddy bear or decorative ['dek(ə)rətɪv] items. A few month later Amy told me that the pen I gave her was the best gift ever and she used it every day; it also reminded her of our friendship every time when she used it. Thus I prefer giving practical gifts. 2When it comes to decision making, do you prefer to take account to of other people’s ideas or make the decis ion entirely on your own? Explain why. Please include details and examples in your explanation.Personally, I prefer to take other people’s advice into consideration when I make a decision, because I can see the problem more comprehensive when I’m trying to analyze the issue. For instance, last year I was deciding whether I should study abroad in the near future. I thought it would cost me a lot of money and there would be a big challenge that I would face the life alone at abroad. However, after talking with my professors and friends who all studied abroad before, I realized that there would be a lot of opportunities not just for my career, but also for my life in general. In the end I decided to go for it after hearing different advice from others.3Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: college education is more important in the modem society than in the past? Explain why. Please include details and examples in your explanation.In my opinion, college education is more important in the modem society than before because our world today is highly dependent on people’s special skills, which can be learned mostly in college. For example, a lot of traditional labor jobs in the past, have been replaced by robots and computers in the society today，which means nowadays a company only need to hire people to solve problems, such as finding out the market trends, improving the company profits, innovating technologies and so on. Higher-level intellectuals especially who have knowledge in different areas will be widely needed. Therefore, I think college education today is definitely more important than before.Task31阅读：music building 改造完成，不仅增加了可以锁东西的储物柜lockers，还增加了更多供音乐给学生练习乐器的房间。
托福口语考试流程详解
托福口语考试流程详解对于托福考试比较了解的同学都知道，托福口语考试分为独立口语和综合口语两部分。
其实托福综合口语又可以划分为两种不同类型，即校内场景和学术讲座。
下面我就和大家共享托福口语考试流程详解，盼望能关心大家，来观赏一下吧。
托福口语考试流程详解先考独立再考综合一.托福口语考试第一项：独立口语独立口语是托福口语考试第一项，包括前两道题：Question 1的题干只供应一个话题，考生需要依据自己的见解或经受来回答问题。
考生有15秒的预备时间和45秒的答题时间。
Question 2的题干也只供应一个话题，考生须依据话题要求表明立场或观点并进行简洁论证。
考生有15秒的预备时间和45秒的答题时间。
独立口语的难点主要有两个：1). 15秒钟的预备时间对于考生来说太过短暂;2). 45秒说话过程中的内容的充实程度完全取决于考生的生活阅历和词汇量，而这两项恰恰是中国多数考生所缺乏的，因此考前大量的考题练习就显得尤为重要了。
二.托福口语考试其次项：综合口语综合口语分为校内场景和学术讲座两类，但是题目挨次却是错开的。
第三题和第五题为校内场景，第四第六题为学术讲座。
1.综合口语之校内场景Question 3 5的话题都是关于校内生活和学习的。
这部分的单词难度不高，场景贴近考生的校内生活，所以通常状况下阅读和听力部分的难度对于考生来说都不太大。
Question 3题型介绍：考生会先得到40～45秒的时间看一篇短文(阅读页面无反复)，短文一般是学校的一则通知或同学发起的倡议等。
然后考生会听到一段对话，针对阅读的内容表达看法和相应的理由。
要求考生总结录音中某个人物的观点及理由，无需考生加入主观评价。
之后考生会得到30秒的备考时间，陈述时间为60秒。
Question 5题型介绍：考生会听到一段对话，对话中会谈到一个问题以及解决问题的两个方案，两个方案各有利弊。
题目要求考生分别阐述问题和方案，然后选择其中一个方案并且说明理由(理由尽量沿着对话中供应的解决方案进行)。
托福口语备考资料及题型详解
托福口语备考资料及题型详解托福口语备考的过程中，我们首先要了解的有两件事：第一，口语的题型都有哪些;其次，用什么资料备考。
下面我就和大家共享托福口语备考攻略，来观赏一下吧。
托福口语备考攻略丨口语备考资料及题型详解一.托福口语题目详解1.独立口语口语1、2题我放在一起说，由于他们的内容相差不大，基本上预备好的例子可以套用。
这里说一下两道题需要留意的东西：机经，这两道题看机经关心很大，由于通过机经大体就能知道ETS的出题方式和出题方向了。
这一点要感谢我的男伴侣，理科生的规律力量很强大啊。
他给我总结了一些万能例子，就是用回答一道题的例子能同时回答好几道题，并且不用转变其中的内容。
他总结了大约15个例子，我改完以后就照着那个背，然后在考试的时候果真可以用到。
就是这种类型的东西，总结了15个，所以在预备第一二题的时候也就没有费多大力气。
最终，我建议大家最好早进场，但不要太早，保持在7-12名之间最好，这样既能保证你做听力的时候不被干扰，还能在休息的时候听一下口语1、2题，一举两得。
2.综合口语这些题目基本上都结合了听力和阅读，在我看来就是对已考两部分的延长考察。
所以，我认为与其专心预备这两部分，不如努力预备阅读和听力。
大家不要误会，这里不是说要放弃预备这些部分，而是在预备阅读、听力的时候顺带预备一下口语3-6题。
认真想一下，实际上这写题目就是总结，总结阅读，总结听力。
我在预备这些部分的时候，就是结合阅读和听力练习的。
比如，在昨晚阅读以后，我就把阅读文章的每一段都抽出来，然后一段一段的概括，这些概括本就没有对错之别，你只要专心去练习就好了。
听力就用同样的方法，把文章听完以后，然后尝试概括整篇文章的内容。
有些筒子可能会说听力内容比较长，但是不要担忧，由于你在预备长文章的同时，你的练习时间也会延长的，所以练习的时间并没有缩短。
有童鞋会问，那不是还有的要加上自己的看法么?对了，这不就是你在第1、2题里面做的么，第1、2题预备出来的例子，也刚好用在这一点，当然，你要留意以下，最好不要用同样的例子。
托福口语考试准备时间
托福口语考试的准备时间因任务不同而有所差异，通常在15秒至30秒之间。
托福口语考试共有六个任务，每个任务的准备时间和答题时间如下：
1. Task 1和Task 2：这两个任务是独立口语任务，准备时间为15秒，答题时间为45秒。
2. Task 3和Task 5：这两个任务是综合口语任务，准备时间为30秒，答题时间为60秒。
3. Task 4和Task 6：这两个任务也是综合口语任务，准备时间为20秒，答题时间为60秒。
考生在备考时，应该通过模拟考试来熟悉考试流程和时间管理，提高应对实际考试的能力。
此外，考生还需要针对自己的薄弱点进行专项训练，以提高口语表达的流利度和准确性。
托福口语4题
托福口语4题一、托福口语四道题题型介绍1. 新托福独立口语题型第1题和第2题为独立回答题，准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。
问题会被朗读出来，同时会出现在屏幕上。
第一道题是情景题。
阅读材料为一个自然段，75-100个单词，阅读材料的时间是45秒;要求考生根据题目表达自己的观点并解释原因;第二道题要求考生在两个相反的事物中选择一个并解释原因。
2. 新托福综合口语综合口语第一类综合口语第3题和第4题为第一类综合口语题，以阅读和听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。
听力材料是两个学生的对话，是对阅读材料中提出的问题的评论，长度为60-80秒。
另一道是学术题，阅读材料为75-100个单词的长度学术性材料，阅读时间为45秒。
听力材料是老师的课堂讲解，长度为60-90秒考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。
答题的时候，考生有30秒的准备时间，60秒的回答问题时间。
综合口语第二类口语考试第5题和第6题为综合口语第二类，以听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。
听力材料一道题是情景题，是学生之间关于学习生活中涉及的任意话题的对话，长度为1分钟60-90秒;另一道是学术题，比如历史课老师在讲课，长度为90-120秒。
考生可以在听录音的过程中做笔记来帮助答题。
答题时，考生有20秒的准备时间，60秒的时间回答问题。
二、托福口语答题技巧1、托福口语task1答题技巧task1最常考的就是偏好题，通过智课老师的仔细研究，这类题型常出现的话题是人物话题、地点话题、事件话题或者是物品话题。
针对这类题型，同学们可以针对一个话题不断的神话，而且完全可以一个例子通用到各类话题中。
如果在文章的开头进行表述，最好是将主体分为三部分来阐述，开题无需技巧，简单读题即可，把you 都改成me，比起I think……开头可以省去相对多的思维时间。
内容一般找三个理由，为避免理由重复或累赘，建议就方便、经济、减压等常用理由进行练习，并结合不断问自己How 及Why 等问题来充实内容，完成example 的部分。
tuofugre备考指南
我的词汇经验就是这些，核心是自己根据自己情况整理不熟悉的词汇加强记忆，不管用什么方法。至于书，红宝是王道，但永远看红宝肯定不行，因为词汇的顺序位置会严重影响你的真正记忆，推荐红宝逆序一起看，蓝宝作为补充，有时候做题拿来查是否答案对也可以。
阅读的话，看杨鹏长难句吧，很多人说，看此书应该先把题做过一遍，你如果时间允许那么最好，如果不行，就同时进行吧，每天读句子一个小时，10天肯定可以见效。不过我阅读一直没有特别稳定，最多的时候一个section还是会错7个，少的话1个，能得这分应该是由于考试发挥比较好吧。如果你能把黄皮的阅读都做明白，相信考试也没什么问题了，国内考试的阅读难度在下降。
在这一阶段主要背词的时间里，最开始的10天每天记住的词肯定到不了200个，但是后面在整理阶段，每天可能记下的词超过500个，这就是自己整理的必要性，因此，我大概用了25天左右就基本完成了红宝最重要的41个list的词汇（逆序前211页）
在这之后用10天左右过了两遍红宝，重点背了最后10个list，事实证明最后10个list还是比较重要的，如果想上1400，不能保证阅读两个section错4个以内，最好还是要背。在5月28日开始看蓝宝，依旧是整理不认识的词，这次只有500个左右（因为蓝宝本身有几百红宝没收录的词），经过最后一次词汇洗礼，6月1日开始模考的时候基本1个section只错3个左右（专门留出题没做）
至于听力，只有听写这个方法最好，在没有语言环境下，听写可以说是唯一途径。就听托福老段子就没问题。每天90分钟，足够
写作用李笑来的写作高分书模仿+训练20篇，没问题的，但是一定要自己去修改，修改比写还重要。第一篇写作有一个诀窍，就按照OG上的MEERCAT那篇范文写，绝对是GOOD.至于口语，时间充裕可以模仿磁带跟读，然后训练曼特宁口语1，2题，1，2题是核心，一定要说到非常流利才可以。后面的题不需要特别训练。
yahqnt新_托福备考指南
、|!_一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了..新托福听力三大备考策略第一、单词为主，语法护航新托福考试中，如果我们听不懂文章，直接的原因就是词汇不认识。
也就是说，词汇是我们托福备考的最大障碍。
如果我们连aphid 这个单词都不认识，如何能够听懂蚂蚁的生活习性和食物来源的文章？如果我们连dinosaur 都不认识，如何能够理解大型生物的生活习性及如何灭绝的？抑或是不认识火山场景中的volcanic、lava 等词汇，又何尝能理解关于关于微生物的生活习性的文章？所以，单词将会起着决定性的作用。
如果哪一天我们的词汇没有问题了，那么之后的问题一般就会是“听单个单词绝对可以听懂，但是为什么放在句子里就什么也听不懂了呢”？这是因为我们背的是单词，但是考试考查的是句子，而且句子有简单句、复合句、复杂句之分。
我们日常使用的最多的是简单句，但是考试，一般来讲，考查的最多的恰恰是复合句和复杂句，所以，对于我们的基本的语法知识，各位托福备考的同学可以有意识的强化一下复合句和复杂句的知识。
这样在考试中，自己才会明白到底什么地方会是考点。
一般来讲，what 引导的从句和强调句肯定会是相关的考点。
比如：what surprised us is the fact that 等句型。
第二、明白具体的场景和出题规则一般来讲，托福考试作为标准的模块化考试，其出题的规律是不变的，听力材料千变万化，但是，我们应该明白最核心的最本质的考点是不变的。
下面结合笔者3次参加新托福考试的经历来谈谈托福听力中的几大必考类型题目。
1、优缺点必考此类题目一般集中于典型的高科技、生物化学类听力当中。
比如笔者2008年2月14日参加过的考试中，有一篇听力考到了科学家利用细菌来去除海洋污染物的文章，文章中清晰地给出了此方法的优点和缺点，缺点的题目是一个多选题，基本就是原文中的比较耗费时间和速度比较慢等。
新TOEFL听力长对话三大场景九大话题
新TOEFL听力长对话三大场景九大话题1）instructor’s office hours , 即教授与学生在办公室就学术课题或课程咨询展开的长对话。
有学生请求教授延期交作业或考试之类的non-academic topic (非学术类话题) ，还有学生请求教授就授课内容进行深度解释之类的academic topic （学术类话题）等。
2）service encounters , 即学生与学校的工作人员在校园某处就非学术类话题展开的长对话。
比如学生向对方询问衣食住行方面的生活问题或注册，选课方面的学习问题。
3）student interactions ，即学生之间就学术或非学术类话题展开的长对话。
比如准备发言，参加实习，讨论笔记等。
新托福听力必考的话题可以总结成九大类：1．衣类话题clothing 衣服总称costume 传统服装，戏服fabric (textile) 织物，织品wash-and-wear fabric 免烫织物suit 一套男（女）服tie 领带vest 背心jacket 夹克衫cloak 披风，斗篷T-shirt 运动衫pants (trousers ) 裤子，长裤overalls 工装裤jeans 牛仔裤uniform 制服leisurewear 家常便服underwear（undergarment）内衣stockings 长筒袜down-jacket 羽绒服sweater 毛衣gloves 手套mitten 无指手套scarf 围巾sandals 凉鞋slippers 拖鞋boots 皮鞋sneakers = gym shoes 运动鞋running shoes 跑步鞋jogging shoes 慢跑鞋tailor 裁缝clothing store 服装店formal 正式的spiffy 漂亮时髦的casual 休闲的navy blue 海军蓝的dark blue 深蓝的solid orange 纯黄色的large 大号的medium 中号的small 小号的tight 紧的loose = baggy 宽松的ornament ( adornment , decoration ) 装饰品accessory 附件，（妇女）装饰品jewelry 珠宝necklace 项链bracelet 手镯ivory 象牙pearl 珍珠brooch 胸针，领针ring 戒指earring 耳环souvenir (reminder , token ) 纪念品makeup ( cosmetic ) 化妆品perfume 香水lipstick 口红powder 粉cream 护肤霜razor 剃须刀shampoo 洗发剂spray 喷雾剂polish （指甲，鞋）油shave 刮胡子（毛发）wool 羊毛，毛线cotton 棉织的harsh chemicals 刺激性化学物质polka dot 圆点花纹striped 带条纹的plaid 带格子的solid 纯色的natural 自然的pure 纯的knitting 针织sewing 缝纫needlework 针线活stitch 针脚seam 线缝lining 衬里2．食品类话题coffee 咖啡black coffee 纯咖啡white coffee （加sugar , milk or cream ）的咖啡gourmet coffee 美食家咖啡instant coffee 速溶咖啡flavor 咖啡尝起来的味道aroma 咖啡闻起来的味道coffee pot (coffee maker) 咖啡壶coffee set ( coffee service ) 做咖啡的全套器具microwave oven 微波炉caffeine 咖啡因coffee break 喝咖啡时的休息时间drink ( beverage ) 饮料water 水mineral water 矿泉水natural spring water 天然泉水orange juice 橙汁lemonade 柠檬汁cocktail 鸡尾酒bar 酒吧wine 葡萄酒liquor 烈性酒alcoholic 含酒精的dairy 奶制品butter 黄油cheese 奶酪cream 奶油ice-cream 冰激凌yogurt 酸奶yeast ( leaven , ferment ) 酵母vegetarian 素食者cereal ( grain) 谷类食物flour 面粉bread 面包toast 土司面包bagel 一种欧式面包doughnut ( donut ) 甜面包圈pastry 面点心fruit 水果salad 色拉oatmeal 燕面片potato chips 薯片cake 蛋糕meat 荤食者beef 牛肉steak 牛排ground beef 牛肉酱pork 猪肉mutton 羊肉poultry 家禽sea food 海味fried egg 荷包蛋scrambled egg 炒鸡蛋ham and eggs ( bacon , sausage ) 火腿蛋hot dog 热狗nutrient 营养（成分）fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维生素calorie 卡路里nutrition 营养dietitian 营养学家health food ( green food stuff ) 保健食品（绿色食品）convenience food 方便食品nourishing (nutritious) 有营养的malnourished 营养不良的edible 可食用的sour 酸的sweet 甜的bitter 苦的spicy (hot) 辣的salty 咸的bland 淡的tangy 味道浓的awful 味道糟糕的hit the spot (out of this world = delicious ) 好吃的rare （肉）嫩的medium （肉）适中的well-done 熟透的overdone 过老的canned 罐装的burnt 烧焦的fresh 新鲜的cuisine 烹调recipe 食谱，配方spice (seasoning ) 香料，调味品spread 涂抹食品的酱dressing 填馅，调料gourmet 美食家connoisseur 鉴赏家condiment 调味品bake 烘roast 烤barbecue 烧烤broil ( grill = roast ) 烤toast 烤stew 炖boil 煮pick up the bill ( foot the bill ) 付账to be on sb ( to be one’s dollar / buck ) 由某人请客to take care of the bill 请客to treat sb 请某人的客to split the bill / to split the expense / to go fifty fifty / to share the expense 各付各的restaurant 饭店coffee shop 咖啡馆cafeteria 自助餐馆menu 菜单cook 厨师bakery 面包店kitchen 厨房appetizer 开胃品dessert 甜食，点心snack ( refreshments ) 小吃，茶点specialty 特色菜，特产a course 一道菜waiter / waitress 侍者chef 大厨师tableware 餐具banquet 宴会paper napkin 餐巾纸be stuffed 吃饱work up an appetite 促进食欲on a diet 节食grab a snack ( have a bite ) 吃点小吃/点心居住类话题：mess 乱七八糟mess up 搞得乱七八糟messy 乱的chaotic 乱的spacious ( roomy ) 宽敞的cramped 拥挤的tiny 狭小的at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟的traffic 交通roommate 室友neighbor 邻居construction field 建筑工地drill 钻孔drive sb crazy / mad / banana / nuts / insane 把某人逼疯drive sb out of one’s mind / senses 把某人逼疯drive sb up the wall 把某人逼疯get on one’s nerves soundproof 隔音ask for dorm supervisors 求助宿舍管理员turn down 降低音量reception desk 接待处service counter 服务台lounge 休息厅double room 双人间baggage terminal 行李房attendant 服务员chick in 办理住宿登记手续check out 结账离开旅馆resident , tenant 居住者security 安全to maintain ( in good repair , condition ) 保持，维护to repair , to fix 修理to replace 替换to complain 抱怨，投诉to damage 破坏to clog , to be clogged , blocked 堵塞landlord 房东renter , tenant 房客responsibility 责任deposit 定金lease agreement ( rental agreement ) 租赁合同，租赁协议landlord , manager 房东，管理员property 财产fee , charge 费用appliances 装置，用具plumbing 管子satin , spot 污点electrical outlet ( wall socket = plug = faucet ) 电源插座toilet 洗手间maintenance man , superintendent ( super ) 维修工，监管人wiring 接线，配线complaint 投诉，抱怨damaged , broken 被破坏的normal 正常的shabby , worn 破旧的spotted , stained 有污点的，被弄脏的fresh , new 新的rusty , corroded 生锈的，腐蚀的出行类话题：vehicle 交通工具，车辆transport 运输transportation 运输，运输工具airplane （aircraft ）飞机direct flight 直达航班airliner 航空飞机supersonic 超音速jet 喷气式飞机jet lag 时差综合症runway 机场跑道pilot 飞行员crew 全体机务人员，全体船员helicopter 直升机boarding gate 登机口boarding pass 登记卡flight coupon 飞机联票ticket agency 售票代理处airport 飞机场confirm one’s flight 确认航班make a flight reservation 预定航班check in procedure 登机程序passport 护照take off 起飞land 降落circle 盘旋first class 头等舱business class 商务舱economy class 经济舱train 火车train station 火车站platform 站台railroad 铁路non-stop train 直达列车express train 特快列车freight 货物，货运container 集装箱subway 地铁train schedule 列车时刻表on way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 双程票automobile ( auto ) 汽车taxicab ( cab , taxi ) 出租车bus 公共汽车trolley bus ( trolley coach ) 无轨电车truck 卡车shuttle bus 区间性公共汽车motorcycle 摩托车bicycle (bike) 自行车pedal 踏板gear 齿轮，档engine 引擎tank 油箱brake 闸，刹车exhaust 排气garage 车库license 执照parking 停车driver 司机bus conductor 汽车售票员tour guide 导游information desk 问讯处traffic sign 交通标志traffic signal 交通信号traffic regulation 交通规则traffic emergency 交通紧急情况traffic congestion ( jam ) 交通堵塞speeding 超速行驶speed limit 限速illegal parking 非法停车parking lot 停车场parking meter 停放计时器go through the red light 闯红灯warn 警告high way 公路express way ( free way ) 高速公路ramp 斜坡toll 通行费toll gate ( toll booth ) 收费站driveway 私人车道interchange 交换道intersection 道路交叉口lane 车道avenue ( thoroughfare ) 马路，街boulevard 林荫大道日常用品类话题electronic appliance 电器( instrument ,equipment )heater , furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/ 烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿，用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱，烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water ) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator（freezer）冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD 机laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养furniture 家具bookshelf 书架couch 沙发book case 书柜chest 柜子，箱子dresser ( bureau ) 梳妆台cabinet 储藏柜，机箱cupboard （closet）碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture 固定装置furnishings 室内陈设学习类话题grade ( mark , score ) 分数perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A’s 全Abe all A’s and B’s 全是A 和BB plus B+A minus A-pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 荣誉毕业生library 图书馆librarian 图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引loan desk 借书处circulation 流通reserved books 馆藏书（只能图书馆得借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志non-fiction 非小说类作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借，还）手续renew 续借overdue 过期thesis / essay / dissertation / assignment 论文/作业homework / course work / school work / studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告presentation 发言term paper 学期论文project 作业broad 内容宽泛的narrow down 缩小范围mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronic 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogic 教育学anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor , adviser 咨询者，顾问B.A ( Bachelor of Arts ) 文学士M.A ( degree of Master of Arts ) 文学硕士M.S ( Master of Science ) 理学硕士M.D ( Doctor of Medicine ) 医学博士Ph.D. ( Doctor of Philosophy ) （哲学）博士president 大学校长teacher / faculty 教师student’s advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家fascinating = fantastic 精彩的thought provoking 发人深思的stimulating 令人深思的sense of humor 幽默感boring 无聊的drop off to sleep 睡着的doze off 打瞌睡drowsy 昏昏欲睡的clock watcher 不断看表的人make no sense 毫无疑义tuition 学费credit system 学分制semester / term 学期course guideline 课程纲要required course 必修课elective course 选修课seminar 高级研讨性课mid-term exam 期中考试final exams ( finals ) 期末考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验major 主修minor 辅修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲diploma , degree , certificate 文凭，学位，证书course , course work 课程text , textbook 课文，教科书class , classroom , 班级，课exercise , practice 练习handout(s) 分发的教材enrollment / registration 注册registrar 注册主任stationery 文具book bag 书包backpack = knapsack 背包stapler 订书机clips 夹子，回形针glue 胶水scotch tape 透明胶带scissors 剪刀brown paper 牛皮纸battery 电池bookmark 书签flashlight 手电筒lined paper 横格纸notebook 笔记本notepad 记事本projector 幻灯放映机typewriter 打字机printer 打印机printer ribbon 打印机的色带word processor 文字处理器laptop 笔记本电脑desktop 台式机typing paper 打印纸record 唱片education 教育educational 教育的student’s union 学生会student s’council / government / association 学生会/ 联合会quit school 休学drop out of school 退学transfer to another school 转学educational board 教育董事会admissions office 招生办公室scholarship 奖学金assistantship 助学金fellowship 研究奖学金graduation commencement 毕业典礼diploma 毕业文凭admission 录取freshman 大一学生sophomore 大二学生junior 大三学生senior 大四学生a graduate , graduation 毕业生，毕业tuition , fee , 费用subject 主题，专业academic 学术的excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的advanced 先进的，高级的remedial 补习的娱乐类话题theater 剧院drama club 剧社aisle seat 过道两边的座位balcony 楼上包厢的座位orchestra section 前排的座位（价位高）screen 屏幕box office 售票处ticket line 排队买票的队伍student card (ID) 学生证student discount 学生折扣standing ovation 起立鼓掌lines 台词rehearsal 彩排，排练ballet 芭蕾舞ballerina 芭蕾舞演员fantastic / awesome / amazing / gorgeous / marvelous / fabulous / magnificent / fascinating 精彩绝伦的packed 人满为患的instrument 乐器string 弦bow 弓violin ( fiddle ) 小提琴cello 大提琴guitar 吉他wind ( instrument ) 管乐器flute 长笛whistle 口哨clarinet 黑管，单簧管saxophone 萨克斯管horn ( French horn ) 圆号trumpet 喇叭drum 鼓shake 摇keyboard 键盘piano 钢琴pipe organ 管风琴band 管乐队university band 校乐队orchestra 管弦乐队philharmonic 爱乐交响乐music 音乐小虫a piece of music 一支曲子country music 乡村音乐rock and roll 摇滚乐rap 说唱jazz 爵士乐classical musical 古典乐folk music 民族音乐pop music 流行乐pop rock 流行摇滚symphony 交响乐mainstream music 主流音乐alternative music 非主流音乐musician 音乐家concert 音乐会concert hall 音乐厅solo 独唱soloist 独唱者pianist 钢琴家violinist 小提琴家conductor 指挥chorus ( unison ) 合唱，合唱团choir 唱诗班duet 二重唱trio 三重唱audition 参加视听，面试travel 旅行make a reservation 预定reserve = book 预定inform 告知arrive 到达depart 离开confirm 确认list 列表schedule 制定日程pack 打行李refund 归还check 托运travel agency / agent 旅行社，tourist 游客transportation 交通representative 代表destination 目的地hotel / motel 饭店/ 汽车旅馆taxi , cab 出租车bus 公共汽车train 火车airplane 飞机route 路线carry-on luggage 随身携带的行李vacant 空的economical 经济的first –class 头等的round – trip 往返的convenient 方便的newsletter 简报journal 定期刊物school newspaper 校报special issue 特刊sports section 体育版classified ads section 分类广告版help- wanted section 招工版editorial section 社论版headline 头条editor 编辑cover 报道television 电视cinema 电影院film/ movie 电影subscription television 收费电视close-circuit television 闭路电视direct-broadcast satellite system 卫星直播telecast 电视广播live 现场直播relay 转播documentary 纪录片TV special 专题片comedy 喜剧片tragedy 悲剧片sitcom 情景喜剧remote control 遥控器cable TV system 有线电视系统plot 情节photographer 摄影师photo album 相册take pictures 拍照a roll of film 一卷胶卷develop the film 洗胶卷under exposed 曝光不足shutter 快门flashlight 闪光灯lens 镜头enlargement 放大的照片blurry 模糊的out of focus 为对好焦距photo studio 照相馆art museum 艺术博物馆gallery 美术馆auto show 汽车展览exhibit 展览品exhibition 展览会artist 艺术家painter 画家abstract painting 抽象画landscape painting 风景画poster 装饰画water color 水彩画painting brush 画笔frame 画框sculpture 雕塑运动类话题soccer 英式足球kick 踢goal 射门得分block 封网hold 持球goal keeper 守门员football field 足球场baseball 棒球bat 球棒pitcher 投手batter 击球员base 垒run 跑垒得分baseball pitch 棒球场tennis 网球tennis shoes 网球鞋racket 网球拍singles 单打doubles 双打toss 掷game 一局set 一盘tennis court 网球场serve 发球back hand 反手球forehand 正手球restring the racket 给球拍重新上弦track and field 田径event 比赛项目race 赛跑track 跑道stadium 体育场marathon 马拉松jump 跳远（高）triple jump 三级跳high jump 跳高gymnastics 体操rhythmic gymnastics 艺术体操floor exercise 自由体操swimming 游泳stroke 游泳姿式freestyle 自由泳breaststroke 蛙泳backstroke 仰泳butterfly 蝶泳dive 跳水boxing 拳击cycling 自行车运动football 美式橄榄球volleyball 排球ice hockey 冰球field hockey 曲棍球aerobics 体操hiking 徒步旅行jogging 慢跑golf 高尔夫球mountain climbing 登山camping 露营chess 象棋bridge 桥牌game ( match ) 比赛Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会contest 竞赛contestant 参赛人competitor 竞赛者championships 锦标赛playoff 季后赛，最后决赛mid-Atlantic championship 中大西洋锦标赛tournament 比赛，竞赛champion (title , first place ) 冠军runner-up（second place ）亚军prize 奖品trophy 奖杯medal 奖章stadium 体育场gym 体育馆race 比赛participate (enter ) 参加participant ( entrant ) 参加者break / twist one’s ankle 扭伤了脚stain on e’s shoulder 扭伤了肩膀hurt/injure/ wound 受伤swelling 肿swollen 肿的go down 消肿black and blue 青一块，紫一块be on crutches 拄拐cut , wound 伤口bandage 绷带fracture , broken bone 骨折stitches 缝针sportsmanship 运动员品格fair play 光明磊落team work 团队精神athletic ( vigorous , muscular ) 强壮的alert ，机警的，敏捷的agility 敏捷flexibility 灵活性courage 勇气stamina ( endurance ) 耐力coordination 协调strategy 战略，tactics 战术，手段其它常用类话题邮局类to send / mail 邮寄to receive/ get 收到to register 登记to sign for 为…签字to deliver 递送，交付to pick up a package 提取包裹to stamp (an envelope ) 贴邮票to seal ( an envelope ) 封信封口post office 邮局ordinary ( surface ) letter 平信registered letter 挂号信air mail 航空邮件postcard 明信片postage 邮费，邮资commemorative stamps 纪念邮票sticker 背面有胶贴的标签special delivery 专送函insured package 报价包裹package 包裹post office box = mailbox 邮筒mail delivery 邮递postal carrier , mail carrier 邮递员postage 邮资insurance 保险，保险费registered 已注册的insured 被保险的stamped 贴上邮票的express 急速的overweight 超重的理发类cut 剪发trim 修剪perm 烫发curly hair 卷发straight hair 直发barber 理发师stylist / hair-dresser 发型师hairstyle 发型sides 两边的头发bangs 刘海儿top 头顶的头发shampoo 洗发香波修理类plumber 管道工carpenter 木工electrician 电工repairman = repairperson 修理工stuck 卡住的blocked 堵住的loose 松了leaking 漏了broken 坏了银行类open (an account ) 开户to deposit , to make a deposit 存款to withdraw , to make a withdrawal 取款to cash ( a check ) 兑现（支票）to overdraw ( the checking account ) 透支，退票to earn ( interest ) 得到（利息）to pay （interest ）支付（利息）to endorse 背书bank 银行checking account 活期存款账户savings account 储蓄存款账户passbook （银行）存折deposit 存款check(s) 支票cash 现金cashier 收银员teller 出纳员accountant 会计师signature 签名traveler’s check 旅行支票automatic teller machine 自动取款机interest 利息interest rate 利率identification 确认身份receipt 收据currency 货币bond 债券full refund 全额偿还withdraw 取出repay 偿还close one’s account 结清某人的账户bill 票面change 零钱nickel 五分dime 角half-dollar 五角coin 硬币dollar = buck 美元天气类weather forecast 天气预报weather man 天气预报员humidity 湿度heavy rain 大雨light rain 小雨downpour 倾盆大雨shower 阵雨snowstorm 暴风雪breeze 微风wind 阵风thunderstorm 雷暴hail 冰雹keep up = hold up 持续下去clear up 放晴let up = stop （雨）停warm up 变暖cool down 变冷sunny 晴朗的foggy 起雾的rainy 下雨的wet 湿的snowy 下雪的cloudy 多云的windy 起风的breezy 有微风的gusty 刮大风的icy / freezing / chilly / ice cold / frigid 寒冷的stuffy 闷的super / burning / blazing hot 酷热unbearable / scorcher hot 难以忍受的酷热生病类visit (the doctor ) 看病examine , to be examined 检查prescribe ( medicine ) 开药treat ( an illness ) 治疗perform ( an operation ) 动手术heal , cure 治疗sneeze 打喷嚏cough 咳嗽run / water 流鼻涕vomit , throw up 呕吐run a fever / have a fever 发烧faint , pass out 晕倒，昏过去to hurt , to be in pain 疼to poison , to be poisoned 中毒to be allergic , to have an allergy 过敏to be injured , to have an injury 受伤to recover , to get well 恢复to take ( measure ) the temperature 量体温to make an appointment 预约看病to write out a prescription 开处方to fill the prescription 拿处方抓药doctor / physician 医生specialist 专家ophthalmologist 眼科医生dentist 牙科医生surgeon 外科医生dermatologist 皮肤科医生physician 内科医生pharmacist 药剂师hospital 医院nurse护士clinic 诊所infirmary 医务室dentis t’s office 牙科诊所laboratory , lab 实验室clinic 门诊emergency clinic 急诊operation 手术surgery 外科手术appointment 预约accident 事故headache 头疼cough 咳嗽allergy 过敏disease , illness 疾病cold , flu , influenza 感冒X-ray X 光crutches 拐杖temperature 体温blood pressure 血压symptom 病症medical examination , checkup 医疗检查，体检shots 打针immunizations 免疫prescription 处方prescription drugs 处方药health insurance 解毒药tablets ( bill , powder ) 药片（药丸，药粉）health insurance 医疗保险first consultation 初查subsequent consultation 复查laboratory report 实验报告blooding test result 验血结果healthy 健康的unwell , ill , sick 有病的weak , tired 虚弱的nervous , jumpy 紧张的sweaty 有汗的feverish 发烧的shivery , chilled 发抖的mild 温和的fatal 致命的contagious , catching , infectious 传染的noncontiguous , noninfectious 不感染的emergent 紧急的allergic 过敏的购物类to shop , to go shopping 购物to buy , to purchase 卖to pay (for ) 支付to charge 要价to order 定购to try on 试穿to compare 比较to make out the bill 请算账cash or charge 付现金还是记账？be worth the money 合算try it for size 试试大小go well with 和…很配shop / store 商店groceries 杂货店hardware store 五金店supermarket 超市skyscraper 摩天大楼grocer 杂货商（discounter store ）mall , shopping mall 购物市场department store 百货公司drugstore 药店salesman ( sales person ) 推销员clerk , salesclerk 销售员customer 顾客counter 柜台bargain 便宜货ready-made goods 现成货物things in sale 廉价商品ads for sales 大减价商品retail trade 零售show window 陈列窗pattern 样式，图案daily’s necessities 日用必需品lady’s department 妇女用品部house ware 家用器皿sale 销售special 特价shopping cart 购物车shopping basket 购物篮size 尺寸，大小cost 成本price 价格product 产品price sticker , price tag 价格标签。
托福口语旅游知识点总结
托福口语旅游知识点总结一、准备阶段1. 目的地选择在选择目的地时，考虑自己的兴趣爱好、预算、时间和季节。
如果是第一次出国旅行，可以选择一些常规旅游目的地，如巴黎、纽约等。
如果是重复出国旅行，可以选择一些冷门目的地，如印度的果阿、泰国的清莱等。
2. 签证根据目的地的要求，提前准备好签证材料。
一般来说，申请签证需要提供护照、照片、签证申请表和相关费用。
在提交签证申请之前，务必对签证要求进行详细了解，以免造成不必要的拒签。
3. 资金准备在出国旅行之前，要对旅行期间的费用进行详细的预算，包括食宿、交通、购物和娱乐等支出。
根据预算，决定每日的花销标准，以免旅行过程中花钱过于浪费。
4. 出发前的准备在出国旅行之前，要做好出行前的准备工作，如交通工具的预订、保险的购买、行李的收拾等。
此外，还要做好出行前的身体检查，确保自己的身体状况良好，可以顺利出行。
二、旅行中的注意事项1. 文化礼仪在旅行过程中，要尊重当地的文化和习俗，遵守当地的礼仪规范。
比如，在一些穆斯林国家，女性需要穿着保守，不宜穿着暴露；在一些亚洲国家，不能用左手接受礼物；在一些欧洲国家，不得高声喧哗。
这些都是旅行中需要遵守的文化礼仪，以免给当地人民带来不愉快。
2. 安全问题旅行中要注意自身和财产的安全，尤其是在一些人员密集、环境复杂的地方。
在旅行前要了解目的地的治安情况，避免前往治安较差的地区。
在旅行过程中，要注意个人财物的安全，不要携带大量现金和贵重物品，以免引起盗窃。
3. 食品安全在外出旅行时，要注意当地食品的卫生和新鲜度。
避免食用生冷、腐败、有毒食品。
最好选择有口碑的餐馆或食品市场，或者自己烹饪食物，以免造成食物中毒。
4. 紧急情况在旅行中，可能会出现紧急情况，如丢失护照、生病、遇到自然灾害等。
在这种情况下，要冷静应对，并及时求助当地相关部门或大使馆，寻求援助。
5. 社交交际在旅行中，可能会遇到一些当地的居民或其他旅行者，要做好社交交际的准备。
托福口语备考秘诀
托福口语备考秘诀托福口语在托福考试中是个大难点，想要取得好成绩除了平时的努力还要掌握一些方法,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福口语备考秘诀了解口语的基本知识新托福口语考试对考生最具挑战性的一点是考生几乎没有深入思考的时间，从给出题目到开始考试，只有短短的15秒钟，却要求在45秒钟之内给出一个有头有尾的完整回答。
建议大家在答题时尽量放松心情，发音能让人听懂就可以。
考生对于新托福口语题的准备应主要集中在人、地、物、事几个大方面，可以提前准备一些相关的句型，考试的时候适当代入。
考生尽量在45秒的答题时间内，充分展示自己的词汇量，做到流利准确。
熟知自己的口语水平在进行托福口语学习时，如果口语基础比较弱，建议考生使用新概念英语1-4，基本上从2开始就行。
把书上面的对话看懂，熟悉对话的套路的和思路。
如果口语基础比较好，但是说不出来，那原因就是逻辑还完全在中文思维。
15秒反应不过来。
那唯一的建议就是多说多练,英语就是这样没有别的窍门,建议考生可以先简单写一下答题要点。
在说的时候录下听听自己真实的声音和语调，然后争取把所有的题都不计时说几遍。
有一个大概的印象，再循序渐进的开始计时。
学会不断的反馈很多人都知道新托福口语要多练多说，但是真正做到每天都说的人很少。
建议大家多做题，每天至少大声说20分钟。
光说还不行，要与人对话、与电脑对话，尽可能多地获得反馈。
总结自己发音或语法错误，最简单的反馈是将自己说的英语做录音后，反复听，检查错误。
指出只说不反馈，永远不会进步。
掌握具体练习步骤第一步：每一次练习的时间是1小时，时间再长我们就注意力不集中了，就该休息了。
第二步：挑选里面的任意2道题，题型不重要，1、2题可以，4、6题也可以。
第三步：将选出的一个题目的答案，首先读10-20遍，来熟悉答案，争取做到能够背下来的水平，就是为了给自己以充分的准备。
换句话说，这段内容对于你来说，不再是一串单词，而是一个段中文的讲话印在你的脑中。
托福口语第一题模板及解题方法技巧
托福口语第一题模板及解题方法技巧托福口语第一题万能模板工分2部分：注意，有下划线的地方是说明，你可以按照题目的要求换一些词。
第1部分：用于应对以下情况：1，最美好的回忆。
2，最喜欢或最有用的一本书。
3，最喜欢或对你最重要的一样物品说你喜欢的物品是一本书，然后就可以转成 2 3，一次旅行。
4，最想去的地方注意这里需要转换时态到将来时。
5，朋友……还有其他题目可以用这个模板，大家自己拿口语80题都套套，这就不一一举例了。
Well, 题目， First, It always reminds me of some sweetest memories I spent in a small town in Santa Babara. It has a very mysterious mountain perhaps with a panoramic view over a river or the lights of the city. I just sat on the top of the mountain quietly and dwarfed by the stunning beauty of the setting sun. What’s more, It also reminds me of some friends in this small town, one of them give me a book, I cherish this book as much as I cherish our friendship.第2部分：用于应对以下情况：1，空闲时间去干什么。
2，周末和朋友一起去哪玩……Well, 题目，First, it has a very mysterious mountain perhaps with a panoramic view over a river or the lights of the city. I just sat on the top of the mountain quietly and dwarfed by the stunning beauty of the setting sun. What’s more, It is a very free place where I can choose my favorite dishes, I can have some red, warmming wine twinkling in a beauty glasses. The aroma and flavor filling my sense.明确需要表达的例子首先。
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曼特宁口语准备1.Describe a place you have never been to but like to go someday.I have never been to a seashore town which I think would be a beautiful place in the world.People say that the sky in there is blue and always full of sunshine. I can imagine how romantic it can ever be. I can lie on the beach and enjoy the charming ocean view when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Moreover, I could taste the best seafood in the restaurants beside the sea, like lobsters and crabs.2.Do you agree that childhood is the happiest (or precious) time in lifeI strongly agree that childhood is the happiest time in my life. Firstly, when I was a kid, I hadlittle pressure as I have now. For example, I seldom worried about my study and future. And, I had no financial problem. Secondly, I owned more time when I was a little girl so I could do whatever I really interested in, like reading science fictions and doing some sports which I have no time to do now.3.features of cafe or restaurant you likeI prefer enjoying my food in a quiet place wherever in a restaurant or cafe. Firstly, quite place is good formy appetite and I could take my time when I have food while I would finish my meals hastily if I am in a noisy cafe or restaurant. Secondly, I would like to go to those places with my good friends. So, we need a quite place to talk or the conversation among us would just like shouting to each other4.Keep or not the old building in the cityThe discussion that the old buildings should be kept or not depends on their conditions. Most of the old buildings are representatives of people’s living history and civilization. I think each old building has its own story. An old building could be the witness of a dynasty exchange, family history or even a romantic love story. So we should preserve them for our offspring. However, there are still some old buildings which have less value and could be torn down for the present city development.5.有的人旅游时喜欢直奔目的地，有的人喜欢兼顾游览沿途景观，你preferI prefer going to traveling destination directly. Firstly, I would like to stay at one place for a period of timeso that I could take my time to understand the history, culture and the people where I visited. Secondly, if people go to too many different places while they are on journey, this would distract their concentrations.Moreover, it will make people tired. As a result, people could not enjoy the place as they planned, just really in a hurry.6.一个人在团队工作中最重要的qualityI think the most important quality of a person in a team is cooperation spirit. First of all, people who don’thave this spirit would not understand sharing their minds with other people and could not benefit from others' opinions, which leads the group members have no idea about each other. Secondly, a team will be more competitive and strong until everyone in the term works together and shares with each other. People say that: unity is strength.7.喜欢看电视了解新闻还是读报纸或上网I prefer getting information by reading newspaper. First of all, I could take a piece of newspaper alongwith me wherever I go. Whenever I'm free, I can read the newspaper to kill time or for fun. Secondly, I find it difficult for me to stare at the screen of a television or a computer LCD for a long time. Because my eyes would feel uncomfortable. Moreover, I could choose the news I'm interested when I read the newspaper, but the television just play all the time no matter I like it or not.8.在这一百年之内有很多发明,说一个你觉得对你生活改变最大的The invention changed my life most through the time is internet. First of all, when internet was invented, people could find all kinds of information on it, like news, music, books or ads. It is convenient as long as people own computers. Secondly, communication among people becomes more frequently. We could chat with our family and friends, even a stranger on the internet when they are on the line instead the long waiting of a letter or the expensive of a telephone.9.有些人觉得在大学的学习是很重要的,有的人觉得它并不怎么重要,你的观点?I think the study in the university is very important for a student. First of all, the knowledge we learned inthe university could affect our further development. Someone may want to get a Master or PHD degree while others would explore their own career. Secondly, contrast to the knowledge, the more important thing is the ability to learn by ourselves. We should have this ability in case of we could not find a teacher.10.describe a poem or a letter you wroteI have written a letter to my mother which was homework from my teacher. In the beginning, I don'twant to write the letter because I had quarreled with my mother the day before. However, after I returned home, I found my mother had already prepared the dinner for me and I felt so guilt about my thought. So I wrote the letter as soon as possible when I finished my dinner. In the letter, I told my mother how I love her and how moved by her patience and forgiveness.11. life is easier or harder than ur grandparents’I strongly agree that our life is much better than that of my grandparents’. First of all, most of people donot worry about if there would be not enough food to eat, which is a big problem in those days.Supermarkets and shopping malls meet the need of our daily life. Secondly, living condition has greatly improved now compared to the older generations’. Children have their own room and some of people even have big yards.12. choose profession that need you study independently or profession require you to work as a groupI prefer choosing a profession that requires me to work as a group. First of all, I believe that I could notfinish all the work on my own even though I don’t doubt my personal ability. So I need partners and co-workers to help me to do some work together. Secondly, unity is strength, that is to say, a team has more power than the individual. Group members’ cooperation with each other and make the team filled with competence13. important gift, whyThe most important gift I have ever received was from my boy friend on my 20 years birthday. IT is a purse. Before that, I had no place to keep my changes. It was very embarrassing to look every pocket on my clothing for money. But I never thought about how to solve this problem. My boyfriend noticed this, and he gave me the purse as a gift. I was really moved. Not only by the lovely purse, but also his chariness. I cherish the purse and take it along with me wherever I go ever since that.14. Describe one of your challenging experiencesOne of my challenging experiences is the preparation of the Toefl examination. In the beginning, I found it is really difficult for me because I didn't learn English well before. For example, sometimes I couldn’t understand the conversation and my pronunciation also made others hard to understand. People said that practice makes perfect. So I tried my best to work on these problems spending much time studying English, practicing over and over again. My friends say I have improved a lot. And finally, I’m sitting here with confidence.你更愿意按兴趣还是薪水选择专业I prefer choosing a major by interest. First of all, people say: interest is the best teacher, that is to say,students would gain more if they have interest in what they are learning. For me, I really love flowers and grasses, so my major is turf management and I learned a lot with my passion. Secondly, money is not everything. So people wouldn’t be very happy until they can do what they really want, have their own career.15. If your friends from other country are going to visit your country, where do you suggest them to go?The place I would recommend them to visit is a seashore town which I think would be a beautiful place in my country. The sky in there is blue and always full of sunshine. It is so romantic and they can lie on the beach and enjoy the charming ocean view when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Moreover, they could taste the best seafood, like lobsters and crabs, in the restaurants beside the sea. Finally, they could buy some pretty souvenirs for their family or friends when they leave16. Which of the following study method do you prefer? Though online courses or be in traditional classroomI prefer studying in a traditional classroom. First of all, teachers play an important role in our study andwe could communicate with them in person in the traditional classes, like eye contacts, facial expression and body language, which would make the classes more vivid. Secondly, we could talk to the classmates if we have some problem in the study. Moreover, we would make friends during the communications, which is impossible in the online courses.17. Describe a painting you have seen before. Why do you like it or dislike it?The painting I like most is "the fourteen sunflowers" by Vincent Van Gogh. One reason is that most of the works by Van Gogh are full of passion and liveliness, especially for this one. I fell in love with this painting at the first sight I saw it. The golden bright tone of the whole picture makes me feel warm and sweet. Another reason is that sunflower is my favorite flower, whenever I see the sunflowers I would forget the bad things I suffered.18. Someone focuses on one job throughout his life; others like to change from one job to the other. Which one do you think is better, why?I think whether people focus one job or change from one to another through a certain period of theirlives mainly depends on their ages. For young people, what they need first is the experience. So they could change one job to another to gain more experience to adapt the society better. However, when people get older, they may want to have their own career. In that case, they should focus on one job to realize their dreams19. 喜欢朋友的特点characteristicOne of the characteristics for a friend I would like most is honesty. I think honesty is the foundation ofa friendship. If friends cheat mutually and then there would be no trust between them. How can theyeven make friends? Another respect is the filial piety. In china, people believe that someone is really bad if he doesn't take care about his or her parents and nobody would love to have a friend like that.Moreover, easy-going and kindness are also good characteristics for a good friend.20. 喜欢按照爸妈或朋友的建议行事,还是自己经历I prefer doing things by following the suggestions from my parents or friends. I think sometimes I'm tooyoung to make a great decision on my own. I don't have enough experience. For example, when I finished my high school, I should choose a university and a major. I totally have no idea which one should I choose. I don't know the current situation and the further development of one profession.However, my parents advise me to take electrical engineering, which I find lately really suit me well later.21. What do you like to read in your free time, novels, poems, or magazines?I like to read some magazines in my spare time. First of all, magazines include some articles happenedcurrently. So, compared to the novels and poems, I could know the latest news from the articles in the magazines, like the best seller list and new movie show schedules. Secondly, it won't take me too much time to read a magazine. Most of the time, I just read something for fun, so in this reason, the magazines suit me best22. Do you like to live with roommates or live alone?I don't like having roommates, so I prefer to live alone. First of all, I think people should have theirpersonal spaces to enjoy their leisure time. Living with others means too many things that should be balanced well or we wouldn't have a harmony life. For example, if I need to take a nap wile my roommates are still working, I would be disturbed by them. This may lead to some problems between us. Secondly, sharing also bothers, like telephone bill and other fees which usually couldn't be shared equally.23. 描述一件自己印象深刻的celebration或者moment。