【中小学资料】中考英语专题复习27 阅读理解(三)学案 人教新目标版

27阅读理解（三）
【学习目标】
熟知选择型阅读理解题型，了解选择型阅读理解命题目的，掌握选择型阅读理解答题技巧
【试题概括】
共10小题,计10分。

选项的设计以“三重”为主,既重视同学们对语篇的理解；又重视同学们思维的准确性,正确的答案必须对上下文做出正确的判断才能得出；同时也重视同学们对常用词汇的辨析,即考查同学们运用适当的词语重建文意的能力。

【命题目的】
阅读理解主要考查同学们的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。

要求同学们能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意,获取其中的主要信息,能做出正确判断,然后根据试题的要求从A, B, C, D四个选项中选出最佳答案或做出正误判断。

文章的难易程度和九年级课文基本相同,要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。

阅读材料的选取遵循三个原则：1. 阅读文章不少于三篇,阅读量在1,000单词左右；
2. 题材广泛,包括科普,社会,文化,政治,经济等；
3. 体裁多样，包阔记叙文，说明文,应用文等。

考查的主要内容是：1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。

2. 把握文章的事实和细节的能力。

3. 根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。

4. 对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解,对文章各段,各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。

5. 依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。

6. 推断作者意图和态度的能力。

【尝试练习】
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

Years ago, I lived in a building ill a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading. After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.” One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside. Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean! Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing (批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window. That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings? Since then, whenever I wanted to judge (评判) someone, I asked myself
first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly. ( )1. The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because_______.
A. the woman’s window was dirty
B. the writer’s window was dirty
C. the woman lived nearby
D. the writer was near-sighted ( )2. The writer was surprised that _________.
A. the woman was sitting by her window
B. the woman’s window was clean
C. the woman did cleaning in the afternoon
D. the woman’s window was still terrible
( )3. “It dawned on me” probably means_______.
A. I began to understand it
B. it cheered me up
C. I knew it grew light
D. it began to get dark
( )4. It’s clear that________.
A. the writer had never met the woman before
B. the writer often washed the window
C. they both worked as cleaners
D. they lived in a small town ( )5. From the passage, we can learn_______.
A. one shouldn’t criticize others very often
B. one should often make his windows clean
C. one must judge himself before he judges others
D. one must look at others through his dirty window
【答题技巧】
1. 快速阅读短文；通读测试题，明确考查点。

先读题，明确题目要求，弄清考点，然后带着问题去读文章，这种方法在英语中称为scanning，就是寻读。

快速阅读一遍弄清段落大意，对全文有一个整体了解，阅读时从宏观入手，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以说明中心意思的主要事实和细节，抓住关键词，弄清作者写此篇文章的目的及意图。

如遇到生词，应先跳过，继续通读全文，切忌长时间死扣生词，因为有些生词并不影响对全文的理解，还有一些词可以通过上下文推测含义。

2. 认真逐题作答。

看完短文后，对整篇短文的内容有了大致的了解，然后马上看后面的问题，带着问题去找答案。

如果属于客观信息题，就可直接在短文中找到出处。

如果是主观判断题，则应迅速再读全文，仔细分析思考，将近似的答案对照原文反复比较，推敲，选出最佳答案。

3. 仔细校对所选答案。

做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误。

如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改。

一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。

【学后反思】______________________________________________________________ 参考答案：1－5 BBAAC。