英语人教版八年级下册第十单元SectionA
初中英语人教版八年级下册Unit 10 sectionA(1a-2d)
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. Section A(1a---2d) 一、教材内容分析Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. Section A(1a---2d) 本单元以“I’ve had this bike for three years”为话题展开教学活动。
本节课主要内容是学习关于谈论干某件事情有多长时间了，认识和使用含有for和since现在完成时态，为进一步地学习和掌握现在完成时态做语言知识上的准备。
本单元Section A主要学习认识含有for和since 的现在完成时态：Section B 主要在实际学习中去运用他们。
两部分既有联系又有独立的话题，教材内容的合理安排有利于学生对知识的掌握和运用，也符合学生的认知规律，由浅入深，循序渐进。
因此在教材内容的使用上我没有进行重新整合，完全按教材的顺序组织教学。
本节课主要学习恰当地使用含有由for和since引导的时间状语的现在完成时态。
二、教学目标（知识与能力，情感态度与价值观）1.知识与能力：1）知识目标：本课单词和短语yard sale, sweet,soft toy, bear maker, scarf, board game, check out 2) 能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since, for 谈论自己的个人物品。
2.情感态度与价值观：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
三、重点、难点教学重点：目标句型：I’ve had it for seven years.I’ve read it three times.教学难点：能够正确使用含有for和since引导的现在完成时态。
四、教法选择与学法指导本节课，通过问题对话导入、flash动画、声音媒体等手段学习本节课的单词及句子，创设各种合作学习的活动，促使学生互相学习、互相帮助，营造良好的语言学习情景。
英语人教版八年级下册Unit10sectionA1a---2b
学生是八年级的学生，经过两年的初中英语习，他们已经具有一定的英语基础和语言运用能力，再加上通过unit8和unit9的学习，学生对现在完成时态的结构已比较熟悉，在大量听说训练的基础上,能够掌握新的语言现象，但是对于部分同学来说，在一堂课上完成听力任务并能熟练运用目标语言进行交流还是有一定难度。因此，在课堂上要综合运用多种方式进行语言输入，帮助学生进行正确的语言输出。
设计意图：通过谈论女儿送个自己的礼物——盐雕豹，导入目标语言“谈论拥有的物品”，为学习新课做好铺垫。
Step 2Showing aims
Show the objectives on the screen.
设计意图：让学生带着清晰的目标走进本节课的学习。
Step 3 Background Introduction
4.在听后环节，引导学生结合听力材料中的句子，观察语言现象，并尝试总结出语言规律。
5.操练巩固。此环节分别设置了选词填空、小组练习和连词成句等任务，对目标语言进行了强化巩固。
6调查报告。通过小组合作交流，采集同学将用于义卖物品的信息，当场汇报。进行了本课所学语言的大量输出。
二、教学背景分析
教学内容分析：
Show the pictures of the things that can be sold in the yard sale and let the students read them.
设计意图：为接下来听第二个对话做好词汇上的准备。
Step7.Step 5Listening Task 2---2b
设计意图：此听前任务的目的在于激活学生的背景知识，让学生对后续的听力活动做好心理上和词汇上的准备。
Step 5Listening Task 1---1b
人教新目标初中英语八年级下册Unit10_SectionA(3a-4c)精品导学案
Unit10 SectionA（3a-4c）精品导学案【Free talk】Talk about a yard sale in your group.【学习目标】1. 学习下列单词：railway, certain, honest, truthful, camera, hometown2. 学习下列短语：no longer, to be honest, grow up, clear out, give up, as for, some time, even though,3. 能熟练掌握下列语句：1. As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller.2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.3. He played with it almost every week until he was about seven.4. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.4. 重点语法：现在完成时【导学案】一、通读课本3a-4c, 翻译下列短语：1. no longer____________2.to be honest___________3.grow up___________4. clear out______________5. give up______________6. as for_________7. some time_____________ 8. even though__________ 9.at first ___________10. part with ____________ 11. To be honest _________ 12. For a while____________ 13. raise money__________14. over there ___________ 15. One of the 最高级+名词复数二、词汇1. big(比较级)___________2.seem(单三) ___________3. Child(复数) ___________4.lose(过去式) ___________5.feel(过去式) ___________6.sleep（过去式）___________7.get(现在分词) ___________8. old（比较级）________9.build(名词)___________ 【课中案】一、自主学习1.首字母填空1) How long has his son o__________ the train and railway set?2) I have a c________ to take photos.3) We bought the piano from the Li family when they m_________ to the US last year.4) This museum is one of the oldest b__________ in this small town.2. 用所给词的适当形式填空1）He ___________(own) a train and railway set since his _______(four) birthday.2) He __________(sleep) next to the monkey every night when he was a child.3) I must ask him to give up ________(smoke)4) I ________ (never be) to Beijing before.5) Have you _________(think) about ________ (have) a yard sale________(sell) your things.6）I hope _________(visit) the place next year.二、合作探究，质疑解惑（小组讨论以下知识点，并分别造句运用）1. no longer=not…any longer no more = not … any longer2. although 与but3. not …until4. 最…之一.句式构成be one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数。
人教版八年级下册英语Unit10SectionAGrammarFocus4c课件
Grammar Focus
How long have you had I've had it for three that bike over there? years.
_J_im__h__a_s _b_e_e_n_i_n_J_a_p__a_n_f_o_r_t_h_r_e_e_d_a_y_s_.__ 2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten
hours ago.
_T_h_e_y__a_re__v_e_r_y_h_u_n_g_r_y__b_e_c_a_u_s_e_t_h_e_y_h_a_v_e_n_’_t_h_a_d__ _th__ei_r_m__e_a_l_f_o_r_t_en__h_o_u_r_s_._
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday. __L__in_d_a__h_a_s_b_e_e_n__il_l_s_in_c_e__M_o_n__d_a_y_.______
4b4bFFillililninthteheblbalnaknskswwitihththtehecocrorrercetctforms
完成下列句子。
1. 那边那辆自行车你骑了多久了？ _H__o_w__lo_n_g__ have you had that bike over there?
2. 我已经骑了三年了。 I’ve had it _f_o_r_t_h_r_ee__y_e_a_r_s_.
人教版英语八年级下册Unit10 SectionA(3a-3c)名师教案
Unit10 SectionA〔3a-3c〕名师教案【教材版本与册数】新目标人教版八年级下册【单元名称】Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years?【课时】Section A〔3a-3c〕〔第2课时〕【课型】Reading〔阅读课〕附：教学活动设计步骤过程措施〔教师活动与学生活动〕目的持续性评价1 预备与激活先期知识Step 1Revision andLeadingin( 5mins)1.T: Boys and Girls, it’s time for class! Do youremember what we have learned last class?Ss: Yes, we talked about the things of yard saleT: Good job! Can you remember the new wordswe have learned last class? Let’s do a dictation.T: The teacher plays the tape, and students writethe words according to what they have heard.2.T: Let Ss watch the pictures, talk about them.Brainstorm: think of the questions about the yardsale you know.When do people usually have yard sale?Why are the sales called “ yard sale〞?What kind of things so people sell at a yardsale?Why do people l ike to buy things at a yard sale?1.利用听写上节课学习到的新单词来帮助检查学生上节课学习的效果如何，是否到达了上一课时的目标。
Unit10SectionA课件人教版八年级英语下册
Watch
¥50 80 22 people want
How long has she had her watch? Why is she selling it?
Hello, I want to sell my watch. I’ve had it since 4 years ago. I wear it almost every day. It brings me a lot of memories. But I bought a new one and wear it no more, so I decided to sell it to someone who needs it.
Pre-listening
Describe the picture and read the dialogue. What does Jeff sell?
bike
Jeff
book
cup
Amy
toy
clock T-shirt
The picture shows two children standing outside, talking. The boy is having a yard sale. He is standing behind a table on the grass in the yard in front of his house. The table is covered with things his family is selling: old clothes, toys, cups and glasses, plates and bowls, books, a vase and a lamp. The girl is carrying a backpack on her back and asking about the red bicycle.
人教版八年级英语下册第十单元Section A a
Task2: vocabulary(Find the words or phrases in the article which have the similar meaning with the ones below.)
lose — _p_a_r_t_w_i_th_
kids — c_h_i_ld_r_e_n_
Task3: Answer the following questions.（work in pairs）
1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale? 2. How does the writer's two children feel
about selling their things? 3. What do they want to do with the
truthful — t_o__b_e_h_o_n_e_s_t many — a__l_o_t _o_f
some time— f_o_r_a__w_h_i_le even though — A__lt_h_o_u_g_h
quickly— _fa_s_t_
older — b_i_g_g_e_r_
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3. What do they want to do with the money from the sale? Give the money to a children's home.
4. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set? Because he has had it since his fourth birthday and played with it almost every week until he was seven.
人教版英语八下Unit10_SectionA(1a-2d)课件
__ Jeff’s family is having a yard sale. __ Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things. __ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10
years. __ Amy wants to keep her old things
bring back sweet memories
donator(pair work)
seller(group work)
keep them
A: Welcome to Sunshine Home A: This is a really old ...
for Children. I'm ...How should Bw:eYes, I’ve had it for/since...
book m√agazine toy bear to√y lion t√oy tiger √bread maker s√weater √dress hat scarf
bring back sweet memories keep them
How should we
deal with
old things?
a college student
I have had the scarf for six years. I have had the scarf since 2015. I have had the scarf since six years ago. I have had the scarf since I was a college student. It has been six years since I bought the scarf.
(教案)八年级英语下册Unit10SectionA公开课(人教版)
一、教学内容
（教案）八年级英语下册Unit 10 Section A公开课（人教版）
本节课主要围绕Unit 10的主题“Hobbies”进行教学。教学内容包括：
1.学习与兴趣爱好相关的词汇，如stamp collecting, coin collecting, photography等。
2.教学难点
-词汇运用：学生可能难以将所学词汇灵活运用于实际情境中，需要教师通过丰富的语境和例句进行引导。
-一般现在时态的运用：学生可能会混淆一般现在时和一般过去时的用法，教师应通过具体实例和对比分析，帮助学生理解并掌握。
-口语表达：学生在用英语描述兴趣爱好时，可能会出现表达不流畅、不准确的现象，教师应鼓励学生多开口，加强口语练习。
-句型：重点句型为“What do you like to do?”和“What does he/she like to do?”，教师应强调其在日常交流中的实用性，让学生熟练掌握并运用。
-时态：一般现在时态在本节课中的应用是重点，教师要让学生学会使用该时态描述日常活动和兴趣爱好。
举例：在课堂活动中，教师可以通过示例、角色扮演等方式，让学生反复练习以上词汇、句型和时态，确保学生能够熟练掌握。
举例：
-针对词汇运用难点，教师可以设计小组活动，让学生相互询问并介绍彼此的兴趣爱好，提高词汇实际运用能力。
-对于一般现在时态的难点，教师可以通过对比一般过去时态，展示两个时态在句子中的应用，帮助学生区分和掌握。
-在口语表达方面，教师可设置模拟场景，让学生在角色扮演中练习描述兴趣爱好，提高口语表达能力。
2.掌握一般现在时态的用法，描述日常活动和兴趣爱好。
英语人教版八年级下册unit 10 sectionA
Unit 10. I’ve had this bike for three yearsPeriod2 SectionA3a-3c【教学目标】知识与技能（1）熟练掌握下列词汇：clear bedroom own railway certain honest truthful part while （2）熟练掌握下列短语：clear out ，part with，no longer, as for, to be honest（3）掌握下列句型：As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller.Have done ... since ...过程与方法阅读理解与练习，语法总结与练习情感、态度与价值观正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
【教学重难点】重点：1．掌握基本的阅读技能2. 了解什么是yard sale3. 掌握现在完成时的用法难点：掌握现在完成时的用法【导学过程】。
一. 情景导入T: W h a t d o y o u k n o w a b o u t y a r d s a l e s?D i s c u s s i t w i t h y o u r p a r t n e r.二．合作探究1. Fast reading (Work on 3a)。
2. Careful reading). Choose T or F.3.Post-reading (Work on 3b)Ss complete this exercise in pairs or individually. Check the answers and explain if necessary.4.Listen to the tape. (Work on 3c)三．Explain some key points and difficult points. 四．Homework.。
人教版英语八年级下册unit 10 Section A (3a-3c)(共12张PPT)
junior high school. As they get bigger, our house seems to get smaller. So we
want to sell some things in a yaordldsearle and give the money to a children's home. many
Father’s things to sell and feeling
The reasons to have a yard sale
Son’s and daughter’s things to sell and their feelings
My children are growing up fast. My daughter is 16 and my boy is already in junior high school. As they get bigger, our house seems to get smaller. So we want to sell some of our things in a yard sale and give the money to a children's home.
certain toys.
even though
lose
As for me, I didsonmotewtiamnet to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have
not played for a while now. I am getting older, too !
Task2: Read and answer the questions.
英语人教版八年级下册Unit 10 SectionA(3a_3c)
Amy
I have some things for the kids.
Let’s listen and find out the things she wants to give away.
a___________________________________________ magazine, soft toys, board games, a sweater, a dress, a bread maker.
How many things have they decided to each sell?
Five things.
Task3
Their children are growing up fast. As they get bigger, their ….
They want to give the money to a children’s home. Because he has owned it since ….
Why? ________________________________________________ To raise money for charity 慈善
Have you ever had a yard sale?
the Sunshine Home for Children
a warm-hearted girl
2. We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.
clear out 清理；丢掉
Practise 我离开前清理了我的桌子。 I cleared out my desk before I left. 请清理你的房间。 Please clear out your room.
英语人教版八年级下册unit 10 SectionA
《I’ve had this bike for three years.》教学设计一、教学内容人教版八年级下册Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. Section A(1a-1c)二、理论指导根据《2011版英语新课标》，英语语言学习有渐进性、持续性、实践性和应用性等特点，以提高综合语用能力为主。
英语语言学习的一个特点是强调语言环境的真实性，为了顺利完成以上的教学目标、教学内容，更好地突出重点、突破难点，本节课借助多媒体课件的教学手段，采用“激趣——练习——归纳——实践”的教学模式，教学过程重视学生活动，尊重学生主体地位，让学生在教师恰当引导下完成课堂任务，努力让学生得到成功的喜悦，共同构建师生和谐、平等、互动课堂。
三、教材分析本课的中心话题是使用现在完成时，目标是让八年级的学生熟练运用现在完成时表达已经拥有某物多长时间，培养学生在日常实际生活中运用本单元学习的单词、句型听说读写，培养良好的生活情操。
教学内容：1a：结合图片谈论自己的旧东西，以及拥有该物品多长时间；1b：听对话，判断对错；1c：结合1a和1b做对话。
四、学情分析学生在八年级上学期有了较系统的英语语言学习，基础良好。
在前一个单元中，学生们已经掌握了许多关于现在完成时的话题的基本句型，并具有一定的听说读写能力。
如何经过教学活动巧妙的引导学生理解现在完成时及其时间状语的使用是教学重点。
五、教学目标、教学重难点1.教学目标★知识目标：掌握本课单词和短语yard sale, sweet, soft toy, bear maker, scarf, board game, check out★能力目标：能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since, for 谈论自己的个人物品。
★情感目标：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
2、教学重点（1）通过对话练习和听力练习，使学生熟练运用现在完成时结构。
人教版八年级英语下册第十单元SectionA3a
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Careful reading
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for
three years.
Section A 3a
Page 1
Flea market
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Fast reading
1. What do they want to sell at the yard sale? They want to sell some old things.
high school.
(F) 3. They decide to sell some things because
they are too old to use.
(T) 4. Both the train and the toy monkey belong
to(属于) the boy.
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truthful — t_o__b_e_h_o_n_e_s_t many — a__l_o_t _o_f
some time— f_o_r_a__w_h_i_le even though — A__lt_h— b_i_g_g_e_r_
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Task3: Answer the following questions.（work in pairs）
1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale? 2. How does the writer's two children feel
英语人教版八年级下册Unit10 SectionA(2a-2d)
Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years.Section A (2a-2d)Part One: Analysis of teaching material1. Status and FunctionThis unit talks about possessions and things around you. It is the second period of unit10, So if students learn this period well, it will good for their further learning.2. Teaching aims and demands(1) Knowledge objectsNew words, phrases and sentences(2)Ability objectsDevelop the students' abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing.Train the students to learn through cooperation and independent thinking.(3) Emotional objectsLet students cherish what they’ve got and learn to share love with others.3. Teaching key points and difficult pointsKey points:A: New words, phrases and sentencesB: Use present prefect tense to talk about the topic Give awayDifficult points:U se “I have had it since…” to talk about things.Part Two: Students analysisThe students have learned this unit for a period of time . They can use some simple sentences. So they will be interested in this kind of topic--- give away. It’s helpful for them to know more about how to speak and write by using present prefect tense.Part Three: Teaching analysis(1).Communicative teaching method(2). Audio-visual teaching method(3). Task-based teaching methodPart Four: Studying methodsIn the process of learning, lots of linguistic activities are to be applied, like pair work, group work. Let students “learning by doing, learning by using.”Part Five: Teaching aidsBlackboard, PowerPoint, multi-media computerPart Six: Teaching proceduresStep 1: Warm-upSing a song –I’ve got no strings.Purpose: To arouse students’ interests of learning English.Step 2: Lead-inLook! There is a flying bird. Let’s say Hello to him. What is your name? (My name is Mr. Give away.)Where is he going, do you want to know? Let’s have a look.Oh, the children are so poor. What can we do for them.(we can give away something.)You are right. What can we give away?(Draw it on theblackboard)Step 3: Free talkMr. Give away is going to give away something. Let’s talk about it by using I have had it for….But I want to give it away.Do you want to be Mr. Give away? What do you want to give away?Woo! You are all good boys and good girls. Now there is a girl. Her name is Amy; she also wants to be Mr. Give away.Step 4: ListeningListen and finish two tasks 2a and 2b. Check answers.Pay attention to the sentence pattern-- Amy has had… since she was ….(Draw it on the blackboard)Step 5: DonationWoo! Amy is a kind girl. Now she is donating for poor children. Do you want to give away something?Design a donation.Step 6: Role play the conversationWhere is the Donation Box? Where is Amy now?Listen and answer the two questions.Ask some students to role play the conversation.The last group ----Amy gives the Donation Box to Linda.Step 7: Summary (read it aloud and show it together)Something I want to keep, because it is meaningful.Something I want to give away, because the world will be a better one, if we share our love.Step 8: Homework1. Today try to help people at least once.2. Finish exercises on the exercise book.Part Seven: Blackboard designUnit10 I’ve had this bike for three years.Section A Period (2a-2d)toy bear bread maker board games scarfI have had …for+一段时间｛since+从句。
人教版八下英语Unit 10 sectionA
he/ she
1b
What
basketball professional_________ player
How
computer programmer study computer________ ______ science
practice basketball every day
study math really hard acting take________ lessons
actor, singer, basketball player, pilot, engineer, computer programmer, doctor……
teacher
No pains, no gains.
没有付出，就没有收获。
How are you going to do that?
practice basketball every day
A: What are you going to be when you grow up? B: I’m going to be a/an… A: How are you going to do that? B: I’m going to…
dancer practice dancing every day professional basketball player practice basketball every day
engineer
actor
Guess: What is Cheng Han going to be?
√ √
What are Cheng Han’s plans for the future? What
an actor
New York Where move to _________
英语人教版八年级下册Unit10 sectionA3a-3c
Reflection:
本节课是一节阅读课，注重阅读技巧的掌握，结合fast reading和careful reading来解决实际问题，学生这方面已经没有问题，能快速找到问题答案。课堂气氛良好，学生回答问题积极踊跃。但是部分学生缺乏学习英语的兴趣，今后的教学要着力于面向全体学生，设置问题要难易适中，调动学困生学习兴趣。
3. To preview the Grammar Focus
Do the homework and preview after class
Review the knowledge and preview for next class.
Show the homework and preview on the screen.
Read carefully to find the specific ideas. Finish the tasks in3a&3b
Listen and repeat.
Do activity3c
Read the article in different ways to finish the tasks
Step 5
Homework and
Preview
1. Discuss with your partner how to deal with the old toys and if you have much money, what would you do.
2. To preview the new words and phrases for next class.
Try to train students’ reading skills.
初中英语人教版八年级下册Unit 10 SectionA(1a-2d)
一、单项选择。
1. The math problem is so hard. I really don’t know ______. (2012甘肃鸡西) A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it 2. — How do you like the scarf? — Very much. It feels ______. (2013青岛) A. hard B. sweet C. cool D. soft
3. What did Amy take there?
A magazine, some soft toys, board games, a sweater, a dress and a bread maker.
Because I don’t read it anymore.
副词anymore亦可写作any more，常用于否定句 的末尾，意思是“再也（不）；（不）再”。 not … anymore相当于not … any longer。 We don’t live here any more. = We don’t live here any longer. 我们不再住在这里了。 我再也不想见到你了。 I don't want to see you anymore. I couldn't trust him anymore. I just can’t stand this life any more.
课时重点回顾 疑问词 + 动词不定式 for ,since时间状语与现在完成时的 连用 延续性动词的用法 yard sale sweet memories people in need not … anymore
Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your old things? Collect all your old things and think about: 1) Which one will you give away? Why? 2) Which one will you keep? Why?
人教版(新)八年级英语下册unit10 SectionA
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.Section A (1a-2d) period1实验中学李玉萍教学目标：1．知识目标：掌握本课单词和短语yard sale, sweet, soft toy, bear maker, scarf, board game, checkout2．能力目标：能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since, for 谈论自己的个人物品。
3．情感目标：正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。
教学重点：1．重点短语和句型2．现在完成时用法-----持续性用法教学难点：现在完成时用法-----持续性用法教学准备：畅言多媒体教学学法指导：自主，合作，探究课时安排：一课时period 1教学过程：Step1 PresentationNew words：yard sale, toy bear, bread maker, scarf, soft toys, board gamesStep 2 Pair workWork on 1a. Show the things at the yard sale. Let the students talkabout them in pairs by using the important sentences.--How long have you had that bike over there?--I’ve had it for three years! I learned how to ride a bike on it.Step 3 Listening1b Listen and check (√) the facts you hear.Keys: Jeff’s family is having a yard sale.Amy thinks it’s hard to sell her old things.You can also give old things away to people in need.Step 4 Work on 1cPractice the conversation. Then make conversations about other things in the picture above.Language points：n ot…anymore再也（不）；（不）再。
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Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for 3 years.
Section B (Grammar Focus 4a-4c)
Step 1 Warm up
Read the following sentences we have seen.
Have you read Little Women yet?
Yes, I have./ No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet?
Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good.
Step 2 现在完成时
用法
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. –Have you had your lunch yet?
–Yes, I have. I’ve just had i t. (现在我不饿了。
)
2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。
e.g. I haven’t seen her these days.
I’ve known Bob for three years.
I’ve been at this school for over two years.
时间状语
already, yet, just, ever, never, before
构成
现在完成时是由“助动词have / has+ 动词的过去分词”构成的，规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。
动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。
我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。
(注：例子中单词的变化顺序为：动词原形→动词的过去式→动词的过去分词)
一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同
规则变化：
1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。
如：pick →picked →picked; wish →wished →wished; stay →stayed →stayed
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。
如：like →liked →liked; hope →hoped →hoped; phone →phoned →phoned
3. 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。
如：study →studied →studied; hurry →hurried →hurried; reply →replied →replied
4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。
如：stop →stopped →stopped; clap →clapped →clapped
不规则变化：
5. 以不变应万变。
如：let →let →let; put →put →put; read →read →read
6. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。
如：feel →felt →felt; keep →kept →kept; sleep →slept →slept
7. 结尾的字母d变t。
如：lend →lent →lent; build →built →built; send →sent →sent
8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。
如：buy →bought →bought; bring →brought
→brought; catch →caught →caught; teach →taught →taught
句式
1. 肯定句：主语+ have / has + 过去分词(+ 其他)
2. 否定句：主语+ have / has + not + 过去
分词(+ 其他)
3. 一般疑问句：have/ has + 主语+ 过去分词(+ 其他)
4. 特殊疑问句：
1)特殊疑问词(不是句子主语) + have / has + 主语+过去分词(+ 其他)
2) 特殊疑问词(是句子主语)+have / has+过去分词(+ 其他)
already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词，但它们的用法不同。
◆already一般用于肯定句中。
如：
We have already cleaned up our classroom.
注意：already用于疑问句中时通常表示惊奇。
如：
Have you finished your homework a lready? I can’t believe it.
◆yet一般用于疑问句和否定句中。
如：
Have you seen her yet?
The bus hasn’t come yet.
活学活用
Write the forms of the past tense and past participle:
drink ______ ______
see ____ ____
find ______ _____
leave ____ ____
tell ____ ____
—Why is Mr. Yang still in the teachers’
office?
—Maybe he ________ his work yet.
A. doesn’t finish
B. hasn’t finished
C. haven’t finished
Step 3 Exercises
1. Finish 4a and check the answers.
Keys: I have just drunk some tea.
Have you found it?
He has already left.
did he leave
She has already seen the film
haven’t told them yet
2. Finish 4b and check the answers.
Keys: loves, has read, will be, finished, will write, hasn’t read
3. Finish 4c and check the answers.
Make conversations and complete the chart. (Follow the conversation on page 60)。