CCNA Exploration Network 第一学期 8
CCNA1 Final Exam CCNA第一学期期末考试2011-10-10
CCNA1 ENetwork Final Exam - CCNA Exploration: 网络基础知识(版本4.0)这是我自己做的，其中一道题错误，不知道是哪个，被扣了2分。
日期：2011-10-10 1下列有关网络层编址的陈述中哪三项是正确的?（选择三项。
）网络层编址使用分层式结构。
使用长度为48 位的地址。
以太网交换机可以使用它来作出转发决定。
它不支持广播。
其使用的编址方法可以识别地址的网络部分。
网络层编址可以区分每台主机。
2请参见图示。
在PC 上发出所示的命令。
IP 地址192.168.33.2 代表什么？主机的IP 地址主机的默认网关主机的主页IP 地址主机的首选域名服务器网站resolver1.mooki.local 的IP 地址。
3哪三个地址属于公有IP 地址？（选择三项。
）127.0.0.1196.1.105.6132.11.9.9910.0.0.1172.16.9.1046.1.1.974数据链路层有哪两项功能？（选择两项）分割和记录数据。
在源主机和目的主机上运行的程序之间进行数据交换。
控制数据如何传递到介质中。
生成信号以表示每个帧中的比特。
使用帧头和帧尾封装每个数据包，以便在本地介质中进行传输。
5请参见图示。
主机A 要访问Internet。
哪项第2 层地址和第3 层地址的组合可以让主机A 实现此访问？目的MAC：0030.8596.DE83，默认网关：209.165.202.130目的MAC：0030.8596.DE82，默认网关：172.16.9.2目的MAC：0030.8517.44C4，默认网关：172.16.1.1目的MAC：0030.8517.44C4，默认网关：209.165.202.1306下列哪三项是CSMA/CD 的特征？（选择三项。
）设备会侦听介质，并且仅当无法检测到介质上存在其它信号时才会传输数据。
介质上的所有设备均可侦听所有通信。
设备根据配置的优先级来进行通信。
思科CCNA1第八章试题及答案英文版
1. 1. QuestionWhat is a result of connecting two or more switches together?o The number of broadcast domains is increased.o The size of the broadcast domain is increased.o The number of collision domains is reduced.o The size of the collision domain is increased.2. 2. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. How many broadcast domains are there?CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 005o 1o 2o 3o43. 3. QuestionWhat are two reasons a network administrator might want to create subnets?(Choose two.)o simplifies network designo improves network performanceo easier to implement security policieso reduction in number of routers neededo reduction in number of switches needed4. 4. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. A company uses the address block of 128.107.0.0/16 for its network. What subnet mask would provide the maximum number of equal size subnets while providing enough host addresses for each subnet in the exhibit?CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 007o 255.255.255.0o 255.255.255.128o 255.255.255.192o 255.255.255.224o 255.255.255.2405. 5. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. The network administrator has assigned the LAN of LBMISS an address range of 192.168.10.0. This address range has beensubnetted using a /29 prefix. In order to accommodate a new building, the technician has decided to use the fifth subnet for configuring the newnetwork (subnet zero is the first subnet). By company policies, the router interface is always assigned the first usable host address and the workgroup server is given the last usable host address. Which configuration should be entered into the properties of the workgroup server to allow connectivity to the Internet?CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 004o IP address: 192.168.10.65 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240, default gateway: 192.168.10.76o IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240, default gateway: 192.168.10.33o IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248, default gateway: 192.168.10.33o IP address: 192.168.10.41 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248, default gateway: 192.168.10.46o IP address: 192.168.10.254 subnet mask: 255.255.255.0, defaultgateway: 192.168.10.16. 6. QuestionIf a network device has a mask of /28, how many IP addresses are available for hosts on this network?o 256o 254o 62o 32o 16o 147. 7. QuestionWhich subnet mask would be used if 5 host bits are available?o 255.255.255.0o 255.255.255.128o 255.255.255.224o 255.255.255.2408. 8. QuestionHow many host addresses are available on the network 172.16.128.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0?o 510o 512o1022o 1024o 2046o 20489. 9. QuestionHow many bits must be borrowed from the host portion of an address to accommodate a router with five connected networks?o twoo threeo fouro five10. 10. QuestionA network administrator wants to have the same network mask for allnetworks at a particular small site. The site has the following networks and number of devices:IP phones – 22 addressesPCs – 20 addresses neededPrinters – 2 addresses neededScanners – 2 addresses neededThe network administrator has deemed that 192.168.10.0/24 is to be the network used at this site. Which single subnet mask would make the most efficient use of the available addresses to use for the four subnetworks?o 255.255.255.0o 255.255.255.192o 255.255.255.224o 255.255.255.240o 255.255.255.248o 255.255.255.25211. 11. QuestionA company has a network address of 192.168.1.64 with a subnet mask of255.255.255.192. The company wants to create two subnetworks that would contain 10 hosts and 18 hosts respectively. Which two networks wouldachieve that? (Choose two.)o 192.168.1.16/28o 192.168.1.64/27o 192.168.1.128/27o 192.168.1.96/28o 192.168.1.192/2812. 12. QuestionA network administrator is variably subnetting a network. The smallestsubnet has a mask of 255.255.255.248. How many usable host addresses will this subnet provide?o 4o 6o 8o 10o 1213. 13. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. Given the network address of 192.168.5.0 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224 for all subnets, how many total host addresses are unused in the assigned subnets?CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 001o 56o 60o 64o 68o7214. 14. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. Considering the addresses already used and having to remain within the 10.16.10.0/24 network range, which subnet address could be assigned to the network containing 25 hosts?CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 002o 10.16.10.160/26o 10.16.10.128/28o 10.16.10.64/27o 10.16.10.224/26o 10.16.10.240/27o 10.16.10.240/2815. 15. QuestionA network administrator needs to monitor network traffic to and fromservers in a data center. Which features of an IP addressing scheme should be applied to these devices?o random static addresses to improve securityo addresses from different subnets for redundancyo predictable static IP addresses for easier identificationo dynamic addresses to reduce the probability of duplicate addresses 16. 16. QuestionWhich two reasons generally make DHCP the preferred method of assigning IP addresses to hosts on large networks? (Choose two.)o It eliminates most address configuration errors.o It ensures that addresses are only applied to devices that require apermanent address.o It guarantees that every device that needs an address will get one.o It provides an address only to devices that are authorized to be connected to the network.o It reduces the burden on network support staff.17. 17. QuestionA DHCP server is used to assign IP addresses dynamically to the hosts on anetwork. The address pool is configured with 192.168.10.0/24. There are 3 printers on this network that need to use reserved static IP addresses from the pool. How many IP addresses in the pool are left to be assigned to other hosts?o 254o251o 252o 25318. 18. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. A company is deploying an IPv6 addressing scheme for its network. The company design document indicates that the subnet portion of the IPv6 addresses is used for the new hierarchical network design, with the s ite subsection to represent multiple geographical sites of the company, the s ub-site section to represent multiple campuses at each site, and thes ubnet section to indicate each network segment separated by routers. With such a scheme, what is the maximum number of subnets achievedper sub-site?CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 003o 0o 4o16o 25619. 19. QuestionWhat is the prefix for the host address 2001:DB8:BC15:A:12AB::1/64?o 2001:DB8:BC15o 2001:DB8:BC15:Ao 2001:DB8:BC15:A:1o 2001:DB8:BC15:A:1220. 20. QuestionConsider the following range of addresses:2001:0DB8:BC15:00A0:0000::2001:0DB8:BC15:00A1:0000::2001:0DB8:BC15:00A2:0000::…2001:0DB8:BC15:00AF:0000::The prefix-length for the range of addresses is /6021. 21. QuestionMatch the subnetwork to a host address that would be included within the subnetwork. (Not all options are used.)CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 0122. 22. QuestionRefer to the exhibit. Match the network with the correct IP address and prefix that will satisfy the usable host addressing requirements for each network. (Not all options are used.)CCNA1 v6.0 Chapter 8 Exam 006。
网络1112静态路配置2.8.2
CCNA Exploration路由协议和概念：静态路由实验2.8.1：基本静态路由配置集美大学计算机工程学院实验报告实验名称实验三静态路由配置练习课程名称计算机网络班级网络1112 组号 D日期2013.11.20 地点陆大0316成绩教师颜庆茁CCNA Exploration路由协议和概念：静态路由实验2.8.1：基本静态路由配置实验：2.8.2静态路由配置练习拓扑图设备接口IP 地址子网掩码默认网关BRANCHFa1/0 192.168.2.193 255.255.225.192 不适用S0/0/0 192.168.2.129 255.255.25.192不适用HQFa1/0 192.168.2.65 255.255.255.192不适用S0/0/0 192.168.2.130 255.255.255.192不适用S0/0/1 209.165.201.2 255.255.255.252 不适用ISPFa0/0 209.165.200.225 255.255.255.224 不适用S/0/0 209.165.201.1 255.255.255.252 不适用PC1 网卡192.168.2.254255.255.255.192 192.168.2.193PC2 网卡192.168.2.126 255.255.255.192192.168.2.65 Web 服务器网卡209.165.200.253 255.255.255.224 209.165.200.225一.实验目标根据指定的要求对地址空间划分子网。
•为接口分配适当的地址，并进行记录。
•根据拓扑图进行网络布线。
•清除启动配置并将路由器重新加载为默认状态。
•在路由器上执行基本配置任务。
•配置并激活串行接口和以太网接口。
•确定适当的静态路由、总结路由和默认路由。
•测试并校验配置。
•思考网络实施并整理成文档。
场景在本次实验练习中，您将得到一个网络地址，您必须对其进行子网划分以便完成如拓扑结构图所示的网络编址。
ERouting Final Exam - CCNA Exploration 路由协议和概念 (版本 4.0) (思科第二学期期末答案)
ERouting Final Exam - CCNA Exploration: 路由协议和概念 (版本 4.0) (思科第二学期期末答案)参加考试 - ERouting Final Exam - CCNA Exploration: 路由协议和概念 (版本 4.0)1.请参见图示。
哪一项是对连接到路由器 R1 的路由的最有效总结？198.18.0.0/16198.18.48.0/21198.18.32.0/22198.18.48.0/23198.18.49.0/23198.18.52.0/222.下列关于路由协议的陈述，哪三项是正确的？（选择三项。
）EIGRP 支持不等价负载均衡。
RIP 无法配置为允许无类路由。
OSPF 在多路访问链路上选举指定路由器。
RIP 不通告跳数超过 15 的路由。
EIGRP 使用广播流量与其邻居建立相邻关系。
OSPF 能够更迅速地收敛，因为在后继路由失效时，它能够在其拓扑表中找出可行后继路由。
3.请参见图示。
该网络正在运行 RIP 路由协议。
网络 10.0.0.0 突然断开。
下列有关此拓扑结构中路由器如何响应该事件的陈述中，哪一项是正确的？Router4 将在 30 秒之后的下一次定期更新中获知该失效路由。
在抑制计时器超时之前，水平分割将阻止 Router4 向 10.0.0.0 网络转发数据包。
Router5 将立即从路由表中清除这一失效路由。
Router5 将向 Router4 发送触发更新，其中网络 10.0.0.0 的度量为 16。
4.请参见图示。
根据图中所示的拓扑结构，要在 Paris 路由器上配置 EIGRP 需要使用哪三条命令？（选择三项。
）Paris(config)# router eigrp 100Paris(config)# router eigrpParis(config-router)# network 192.168.6.0Paris(config-router)# network 192.168.7.0Paris(config-router)# network 192.168.8.0Paris(config-router)# network 192.168.9.05.请参见图示。
W_Exploration_Network_Chapter07
18
7.2.5 Point - to - Point Topology
如果data只在一个方向传输 ， 就是 在同一时间 ， 如果 只在一个方向传输 就是halfduplex link 在 同 一 时 间 ， 如 果 data 在 两 个 方 向 传 输 ， 就 是 fullduplex link
Data Link layer protocols 的控制信息包括： 的控制信息包括： 哪个节点(nodes)在通讯 在通讯 哪个节点 通讯何时开始， 通讯何时开始，何时结束 通讯时哪个nodes出现了错误 出现了错误 通讯时哪个 下一个通讯将是哪个nodes 下一个通讯将是哪个
9
7.1.3 Data Link Layer - Creating a Frame
12
7.1.5 Data Link Layer – Standards
Data Link layer标准
国际标准化组织 (ISO) 电气电子工程师协会 (IEEE) 国际电信联盟 (ITU) 美国国家标准学会 (ANSI)
13
7.2 Media Access Control Techniques
27
7.3.2 Framing - Role of the Header
Data Link layer protocols 与其特定的 topologies 和使用 的 media 有关
28
7.3.3 Addressing - Where the Frame Goes
在多路访问中frame有多个可能的目的 需要第二层地址 有多个可能的目的, 需要第二层地址 在多路访问中 有多个可能的目的 在点对点链路中frame只有一个目的，不需要第二层地址 只有一个目的， 在点对点链路中 只有一个目的
思科网络基础考题及答案
网段2
网段3
网段4
网段5
窗体底端
27
窗体顶端
在Cisco IOS设备中，启动配置文件存储于何处？
闪存
NVRAM
RAM
ROM
窗体底端
28
窗体顶端
下列哪三个IPv4地址代表子网的广播？（选择三项）
172.16.4.63 /26
172.16.4.129 /26
172.16.4.191 /26
172.16.4.51 /27
窗体顶端
窗体底端
关闭窗口
考试系统
3.参加考试
参加考试- ENetwork Final Exam - CCNA Exploration:网络基础知识(版本4.0)
窗体顶端
剩余时间:
窗体底端
31
窗体顶端
请参见图示。主机A正在向主机B传输数据。主机A将使用什么地址作为此通信中的目的IP地址和目的MAC地址？
这些配置项对远程访问指定了三条Telnet线路。
这些配置项对远程访问指定了四条Telnet线路。
这些配置项将控制台口令和Telnet口令设置为"c13c0"。
因为Telnet配置不完整，所以Telnet访问将遭到拒绝。
允许使用"c13c0"作为口令访问Telnet。
窗体底端
26
窗体顶端
请参见图示。电缆1和电缆2的两端分别按照特定的物理层要求接线。表中按编号列出了每个网段以及网络技术人员在该网段不同网络组件之间已经安装的电缆。根据给定的数据回答，哪些网段的电缆安装正确？（选择三项）
192.168.18.48
192.168.18.49
192.168.18.52
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诚毅学院2013-2014学年第一学期教材征订单（信息工程系专业课）
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CCNA_EWAN_Chapter_8_答案
参加考试- EWAN Chapter 8 - CCNA Exploration: 接入WAN (版本 4.0)1请参见图示。
根据图中所示的输出可得出哪三点信息？（选择三项。
）出现了一个载波检测信号。
Keepalive 数据包接收成功。
此串行链路上采用了默认封装。
此接口上传输的数据包的大小不能超出 1 KB。
此链路的可靠性非常低。
LCP 协商阶段已完成。
2请参见图示。
在创建网络文档的过程中应该进行哪两个步骤？（选择两项。
）记录仅在园区网络中发现的设备的相关信息。
记录在整个网络中（包括远程站点）发现的设备的相关信息。
将网络配置表中与拓扑图所示组件相关的任何设备信息记录下来。
仅将网络配置表中与拓扑图所示组件相关的第2 层和第3 层设备信息记录下来。
将网络配置表中与拓扑图所示组件相关的在网络使用高峰期收集的的设备信息记录下来。
3请参见图示。
内部LAN 中的用户无法连接到www 服务器。
网络管理员ping 该服务器并确认NAT 工作正常。
管理员接下来应该从哪个OSI 层物理层数据链路层网络层应用层4当建立网络基线时必须考虑哪两项因素？（选择两项。
）关于网络设计的信息网络中的IP 地址分配情况关于服务提供商设置的要求关于用于规范流量的访问控制列表的要求正常工作条件下的预期性能5下列哪项是物理层故障的例子？封装不正确STP 配置不正确ARP 映射不正确时钟频率不正确6为排查故障而试图搜集用户数据时，应使用以下哪三种方式？（选择三项。
）确定过错。
了解用户，建立信任。
询问简单的相关问题以获得资料。
使用行话和技术，向用户显示自己的专业性。
确定问题是否与时间或特定事件有关。
确定用户是否可重现问题或导致问题的事件。
7网络管理员收到用户投诉，称本地LAN 可以从远程电子邮件服务器检索电子邮件，但无法打开同一服务器上的网页。
在排查故障时，应对OSI 模型进行调查？（选择两项。
）物理层数据链路层网络层传输层应用层8使用show cdp neighbors命令，可以确认相连接的Cisco 设备在OSI 模型中的哪些层信息？所有层第 1 层、第2 层和第3 层第 1 层、第2 层、第3 层和第4 层第 6 层和第7 层9全公司的各个客户端报告数据中心内运行的所有企业应用程序性能均不良，而Internet 接入以及企业WAN 中运行的应用程序均工作正常。
CCNA_EWAN_Chapter_7_答案
参加考试- EWAN Chapter 7 - CCNA Exploration: 接入WAN (版本 4.0)1主管要求技术人员在尝试排除NAT 连接故障之前总是要清除所有动态转换。
主管为什么提出这一要求？主管希望清除所有的机密信息，以免被该技术人员看见。
因为转换条目可能在缓存中存储很长时间，主管希望避免技术人员根据过时数据进行决策。
转换表可能装满，只有清理出空间后才能进行新的转换。
清除转换会重新读取启动配置，这可以纠正已发生的转换错误。
2请参见图示。
技术人员使用SDM 为一台Cisco 路由器输入了NAT 配置。
哪种说法正确描述了配置结果？内部用户会看到192.168.1.3 使用端口8080 发来了一个web 流量。
地址172.16.1.1 会被转换为以192.168.1.3 开头的地址池中的一个地址。
外部用户会看到192.168.1.3 使用端口80 发来了一个请求。
外部用户必须将流量发往端口8080 才能到达地址172.16.1.1。
3请参见图示。
R1 为网络10.1.1.0/24 执行NAT，R2 为网络192.168.1.2/24 执行NAT。
主机A 与网络服务器通信时，主机A 在其IP 报头中加的地址是什么？10.1.1.1172.30.20.2192.168.1.2255.255.255.2554网络管理员应该使用哪种NAT 来确保外部网络一直可访问内部网络中的web 服务器？NAT 过载静态NAT静态NATPAT5请参见图示。
流出R1 的流量转换失败。
最可能出错的是配置的哪个部分？ip nat pool语句access-list语句ip nat inside配置在错误的接口上接口s0/0/2 应该拥有一个私有IP 地址6网络管理员希望将两个IPv6 岛连接起来。
最简单的方式是通过仅使用IPv4 设备的公共网络来连接。
哪种简单的解决方案可解决此问题？将公共网络中的设备替换为支持IPv6 的设备。
finnal1
CCNA Exploration: 接入WAN∙7.1.4 配置DHCP 服务器如果将命令ip dhcp excluded-address 10.10.4.1 10.10.4.5添加到配置为DHCP 服务器的本地路由器配置中，结果是什该路由器将丢弃发往10.10.4.1 和10.10.4.5 的流量。
不会路由地址处于10.10.4.1 到10.10.4.5 之间的客户端所发出的流量。
DHCP 服务器不会分配10.10.4.1 到10.10.4.5 之间的地址。
该路由器将忽略来自地址处于10.10.4.1 到10.10.4.5 之间的DHCP 服务器的流量。
∙7.1.8 DHCP 故障排除请参见图示。
连接到Fa0/0 的主机无法从此DHCP 服务器获取IP 地址。
debug ip dhcp server命令的输出为："DHCP address pool for 192.168.1.1"。
问题出在哪里？DHCP 地址池中排除了地址192.168.1.1。
192Network 的地址池不正确。
网络地址池的默认路由器不正确。
地址192.168.1.1 已经用在接口Fa0/0 上。
∙7.2.2 何谓NAT？请参见图示。
R1 针对内部网络10.1.1.0/24 执行NAT 过载。
主机 A 向web 服务器发送了一个数据包。
从web 服务器的目的IP 地址是什么？10.1.1.2:1234172.30.20.1:1234172.30.20.1:3333192.168.1.2:80∙7.3.8 配置用于IPv6 的RIPng请参见图示。
网络管理员对Router1 和Router2 上发出图示中的命令。
但其后在检查路由表时发现，两个路由器均不能获的LAN 网络。
RIPng 配置最可能发生什么问题？串行接口处于不同的子网上。
接口上未启用RIPng 进程。
未配置RIPng 网络命令。
Router1 和Router2 的RIPng 进程不匹配。
ERouting Final Exam CCNA Exploration路由协议和概念答案
ERouting Final Exam-CCNA Exploration:路由协议和概念(Version4.0)1.Which of the following are required when adding a network to the OSPF routing process configuration?network addressloopback addressa utonomous system numbersubnet maskwildcard maskarea ID2.Which of the following are primary functions of a router?(Choose two.)packet switchingmicrosegmentationdomain name resolutionpath selectionflow control3.Refer to the exhibit.When troubleshooting a network,it is important to interpret the output of various router commands.On the basis of the exhibit,which three statements are true?(Choose three.)The missing information for Blank1is the command show ip route.The missing information for Blank 1 is the command debug ip route.The missing information for Blank 2 is the number 100.The missing information for Blank2is the number120.The missing information for Blank 3 is the letter R.The missing information for Blank3is the letter C.4.Refer to the exhibit.Packets destined to which two networks will require the router to perform a recursive lookup?(Choose two.)10.0.0.0/864.100.0.0/16128.107.0.0/16172.16.40.0/24192.168.1.0/24192.168.2.0/245.When would the network administrator use the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp as-number percent command?when there is a low bandwidth connectionwhen the connection is on a shared mediumwhen the connection is serial instead of Ethernetwhen the link is always busy6.Refer to the exhibit.Cost for each path are shown.If all routers are configured to use OSPF,what would be the path of a packet sent from Router C to Router D if Router A was down?C-B-E-DC-B-A-D C-F-E-DC-F-B-A-D C-F-E-A-D7.What OSPF packet type is used to elect the designated router(DR)and backup designated router(BDR)on multiaccess networks?helloLSULSRDBDLSAck8.Refer to the exhibit.The hosts on the R1LAN are unable to access the Internet.What is incorrectly configured?the IP address of the Fa0/0 interface at R1the IP address of the S0/0/1 interface at R2the IP address of the S0/0/0interface at R1the subnet mask of the S0/0/1 interface at R29.Refer to the exhibit.Which summarization should R1use to advertise its networks to R2? 192.168.1.0/24192.168.0.0/24192.168.0.0/22192.168.1.0/2210.Refer to the exhibit.What are two of the routes added to the routing table of R1? (Choose two.)R 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.0, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0R192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via172.16.2.1,00:00:24,Serial0/0/1R 192.168.9.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0R192.168.100.0/24[120/1]via172.16.1.1,00:00:24,Serial0/0/0R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/011.A router boots and enters setup mode.What is the reason for this?The IOS image is corrupt.Cisco IOS is missing from flash memory.The configuration file is missing from NVRAM.The POST process has detected hardware failure.12.Refer to the exhibit.A router learns a route to the192.168.6.0network,as shown in the output of the show ip rip database command.However,upon running the show ip routecommand,the network administrator sees that the router has installed a different route to the192.168.6.0network learned via EIGRP.What could be the reason for the missing RIP route?Compared to RIP,EIGRP has a lower administrative distance.Compared to EIGRP, RIP has a higher metric value for the route.Compared to RIP, the EIGRP route has fewer hops.Compared to RIP, EIGRP has a faster update timer.13.All routers in a network are configured in a single OSPF area with the same priority value.No loopback interface has been set on any of the routers.Which secondary value will the routers use to determine the router ID?The highest MAC address among the active interfaces of the network will be used.There will be no router ID until a loopback interface is configured.The highest IP address among the active FastEthernet interfaces that are running OSPF will be used.The highest IP address among the active interfaces will be used.14.Refer to the exhibit.Routers R1and R2are directly connected via their serial interfaces and are both running the EIGRP routing protocol.R1and R2can ping the directly connected serial interface of their neighbor,but they cannot form an EIGRP neighbor adjacency.What action should be taken to solve this problem?Enable the serial interfaces of both routers.Configure EIGRP to send periodic updates.Configure the same hello interval between the routers. Configure both routers with the same EIGRP process ID.15.Refer to the exhibit.The interfaces of all routers are configured for OSPF area0.R3can ping R1,but the two routers are unable to establish a neighbor adjacency.What should the network administrator do to troubleshoot this problem?Check if the interfaces of the routers are enabled.Check the hello and dead intervals between the routers.Check the process ID of both routers.Check if CDP is enabled on all the routers.16.Refer to the exhibit.The hosts that are connected to R2are unable to ping the hosts that are connected to R1.How can this problem be resolved?Configure the router ID on both routers.Configure the R2router interfaces for area0.Configure a loopback interface on both routers.Configure the proper subnet masks on the router interfaces.17.Refer to the exhibit.The command ip route0.0.0.00.0.0.0S0/0/0is run on router R2. What are the two results of this command?(Choose two.)A static route will be updated in the routing table.The traffic from the Internet will be directed to R2.The traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0/22 will be blocked.The route will be specified as the default route for all networks not defined in the routing table.All the broadcasts will be forwarded via the S0/0/0 interface of R2.18.Refer to the exhibit.All routers are properly configured with default configurations and are running the OSPF routing protocol.The network is fully converged.A host on the 192.168.3.0/24network is communicating with a host on the192.168.2.0/24network.Which path will be used to transmit the data?The data will be transmitted via R3-R2.The data will be transmitted via R3-R1-R2.The traffic will be load-balanced between two paths — one via R3-R2, and the other via R3-R1-R2.The data will be transmitted via R3-R2, and the other path via R3-R1-R2 will be retained as the backup path.19.Refer to the exhibit.What is the meaning of the highlighted value120?It is the metric that is calculated by the routing protocol.It is the value that is used by the DUAL algorithm to determine the bandwidth for the link.It is the administrative distance of the routing protocol.It is the hold-down time, measured in seconds, before the next update.20.In a complex lab test environment,a router has discovered four paths to192.168.1.0/24 via the use of the RIP routing process.Which route will be installed in the routing table after the discovery of all four paths?R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.110.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/1/0R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/0/0R192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.100.1,00:00:17,Serial0/0/1R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/4] via 192.168.101.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/1/121.Refer to the exhibit.PC1is unable to access the Internet.What is the cause of the problem?An incorrect IP address is configured between the two routers. No static route is configured on Router2.A routing loop has occurred.No routing protocol is configured on either of the two routers.22.How does route poisoning prevent routing loops?New routing updates are ignored until the network has converged.Failed routes are advertised with a metric of infinity.A route is marked as unavailable when its Time to Live is exceeded.The unreachable route is cleared from the routing table after the invalid timer expires.23.Which statement is true about the metrics used by routing protocols?A metric is a value used by a particular routing protocol to compare paths to remote networks.A common metric is used by all routing protocols.The metric with the highest value is installed in the routing table.The router may use only one parameter at a time to calculate the metric.24.Which statement correctly describes a feature of RIP?RIP is a link-state routing protocol.RIP uses only one metric—hop count—for path selection.Advertised routes with hop counts greater than 10 are unreachable.Messages are broadcast every 10 seconds.25.Refer to the exhibit.OSPF is used for the routing protocol and all interfaces are configured with the correct IP addresses and subnet masks.During testing,it is found that router R1is unable to form an adjacency with R2.What is the cause of this problem?Both routers have been configured with incorrect router IDs.Both routers have been configured in different OSPF areas.Both routers have been configured with an incorrect network type.Both routers have been configured with different hello and dead intervals.26.A network administrator is in charge of two separate networks that share a single building.What device will be required to connect the two networks and add a common connection to the Internet that can be shared?hubrouteraccess pointEthernet switch27.Which network and mask combination requires the use of a classless addressing solution?10.32.0.0/11172.16.0.0/12192.168.0.0/24192.168.128.32/2728.A company is using static routes that are configured with an administrative distance of “1”on all routers in the network.The network administrator decides to introduce a dynamic routing protocol to reduce the manual configurations for the static routes.Which optionidentifies the correct procedure for the dynamic routing to take place in the network?The static routes and the dynamic routes will have the traffic alternate between them.The static routes will be automatically removed once the dynamic routing is configured.The static routes will be automatically updated with the next hop IP address once the dynamic routing is configured.The static routes must be manually removed from all routers in order for the dynamic routes to be installed in the routing table.29.Refer to the exhibit.Based on the partial output in the exhibit,why can users establish a console connection to this router without entering a password?The login command was not entered on the console line.The enable password should be an enable secret password.No username and password combination has been configured.Console connections cannot be configured to require users to provide passwords.30.Refer to the exhibit.When a static IP address is being configured on the host,what address should be used for the default gateway?10.1.1.110.1.1.2172.16.1.1192.168.1.131.Refer to the exhibit.The entire192.168.1.0network has been allocated to address hosts in the diagram.Utilizing VLSM with contiguous address blocks,which set of addresses andprefixes could be used to create an addressing solution with a minimum waste of IP addresses?Correct answer is image4.32.Refer to the exhibit.The network is configured for OSPF routing with default settings. The bandwidths have been configured correctly for each link.If the T1link between router A and router E fails,what path will a packet from router A take to reach the LAN attached to router F when the network has converged?A, B, C, FA, B, C, E, FA, D, G, E, FA,D,G,H,F33.Which candidate route has the longest match for a packet with a destination address of10.30.16.48?10.30.0.0/1610.30.15.0/2310.30.16.0/2410.30.16.32/2710.30.16.32/3034.Refer to the exhibit.The network is configured with RIPv2.However,network administrators notice that communication cannot be successfully completed from one LAN to another.A network administrator issues the show ip route command on the HQ router. Based on the output,what should be done to correct the problem?Disable the load balancing feature of RIPv2.Issue the no auto-summary command for RIPv2.Replace RIPv2 with EIGRP which supports VLSM.Make sure that the network statements include the correct subnet mask.35.Which multicast address does EIGRP use to send hello and updates packets?224.0.0.5224.0.0.6224.0.0.9224.0.0.1036.Refer to the exhibit.Why is the state of the serial0/0/0interface administratively down?An IP address has not been configured on the interface.The WIC was installed into the incorrect slot on the router.The default encapsulation on the interface has been modified.The no shutdown command has not been executed on the interface.37.Refer to the exhibit.How was the OSPF default gateway entry for R2determined? Default routes are automatically injected by OSPF into all advertisements.A static default gateway route is defined in the configuration of R2.The default-information originate command is applied on R1.The ISP defines the gateway of last resort and automatically passes it to R1 and R2.The ip default-gateway command is applied on R2.38.Refer to the exhibit.RIPv1has been properly configured on all routers in the network. However,users on LAN2have intermittent connectivity with the users on LAN1and LAN3. What is the cause of the problem?Both LAN networks are separated from router R2 with a variably subnetted Class C network 209.165.200.0/30.Neither router R1 nor router R3 has a static route configured that points to the variably subnetted 172.16.0.0/24 networks.Both routers R1and R3are sending the summarized172.16.0.0/16network to R2in their RIPv1routing updates.Both networks 172.16.1.0/24 and 172.16.100.0/24 are configured with a subnet mask different from the default classful mask.39.Which default EIGRP configuration must be modified to allow an EIGRP router to advertise subnets that are configured with VLSM?split horizonmetric K valuesautosummarizationhello and dead intervals40.What is a successor for a destination network in an EIGRP network?the next hop on the primary route with the largest feasible distance to the destinationthe next hop on the primary route with the smallest feasible distance to the destination41.Refer to the exhibit.Which route will be removed from the routing table if manual EIGRP summarization is disabled on the Serial0/0/0interface of Router3?0.0.0.0/0172.16.0.0/16172.16.1.0/24172.16.3.0/3042.Which port can be used for initial router configuration?AUXvty 0s0/0/0console43.Which two link-state routing protocol challenges does OSPF resolve through the election of a DR?(Choose two.)the extensive flooding of LSAs throughout the OSPF areathe excessive adjacencies when the number of routers increasesthe requirement for link-state database updates to be propagated between OSPF areasthe heavy CPU load that is imposed because each router must compute shortest paths by using the SPF algorithmthe requirement for each router to build a topological database of the internetwork to determinet he shortest paths between networks44.A routing table shows an EIGRP route to192.168.1.0/24with a metric of301440.What other term also describes this EIGRP metric value?feasible distancereported distancefeasible successorfeasibility condition45.Refer to the exhibit.The network administrator has run the following command on R1.R1(config)#ip route192.168.2.0255.255.255.0172.16.1.2What is the result of running this command?Traffic for network192.168.2.0is forwarded to172.16.1.2.This route is automatically propagated throughout the entire network.Traffic for all networks is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.The command invokes a dynamic routing protocol for 192.168.2.0.46.Refer to the exhibit.What will happen if interface Serial0/0/1goes down on Router1? The Dijkstra algorithm will calculate the feasible successor.DUAL will query neighbors for a route to network192.168.1.0.Neighbor 172.16.3.2 will be promoted to the feasible successor.Traffic destined to the 192.168.1.0 network will be dropped immediately due to lack of a feasible successor.47.Refer to the exhibit.A network administrator is accessing router R1from the console port.Once the administrator is connected to the router,which password should the administrator enter at the R1>prompt to access the privileged EXEC mode?Cisco001Cisco123Cisco789Cisco90148.Refer to the exhibit.Which option will provide the configuration that is needed for router R1to dynamically learn routes to the192.168.100.16/28,192.168.100.32/28,and 192.168.100.48/28subnetworks?with static routeswith a routed protocolwith a routing protocolwith directly connected routes49.Refer to the exhibit.What will happen when the router reloads?It will boot into ROMMON mode.It will ignore the start-up configuration file.It will look for the start-up configuration file on the TFTP server.It will attempt to load the start-up configuration file that is stored in NVRAM.50.On a router,which actions can be performed in user mode?perform password recoverymake global configuration changesview status of various router functionsmake changes to a specified interface。
ccna第二学期练习答案
ERouting Chapter 1 - CCNA Exploration: 路由协议和概念(版本 4.0)1 口令可用于限制对Cisco IOS 所有或部分内容的访问。
请选择可以用口令保护的模式和接口。
（选择三项。
）VTY 接口控制台接口特权执行模式2 路由器从相连的以太网接口收到消息后，会更改哪项报头地址，再将消息从另一个接口发送出去？第 2 层源地址和目的地址3请参见图示。
网络管理员已经为路由器连接到直连网络的接口配置了如图所示的IP 地址。
从路由器ping 相连网络上的主机口之间相互ping 都会遭到失败。
此问题最可能的原因是什么？必须使用no shutdown命令启用接口。
4请参见图示。
主机 A ping 主机B。
当R4 收到对以太网接口的ping 时，哪两块报头信息包括在内？（选择两项。
）5 网络管理员刚把新配置输入Router1。
要将配置更改保存到NVRAM，应该执行哪一条命令？Router1# copy running-config startup-config6您需要配置图中所示的串行连接，必须在Sydney 路由器上发出以下哪条配置命令才能与Melbourne 站点建立连接？（选Sydney(config-if)#Sydney(config-if)# no shutdownSydney(config-if)# clock rate 560007请参见图示。
从路由器的运行配置输出可得出什么结论？显示的命令决定了路由器的当前运行情况。
8请参见图示。
在主机 2 连接到LAN 上的交换机后，主机2 无法与主机 1 通信。
导致此问题的原因是什么？主机 1 和主机2 位于不同的网络中。
9 输入以下命令的作用是什么？R1(config)# line vty 0 4R1(config-line)# password check123R1(config-line)# login设置通过Telnet 连接该路由器时使用的口令10 以下哪一项正确描述了路由器启动时的顺序？加载bootstrap、加载IOS、应用配置11 加载配置文件时的默认顺序是怎样的？NVRAM、TFTP、CONSOLE12请参见图示。
（最新）思科网络第一学期1-5章中文测试题及答案
ENetwork Chapter 2 - CCNA Exploration: 网络基础知识(版本 4.0) 1在封装过程中，数据链路层执行什么操作？不添加地址。
添加逻辑地址。
添加物理地址。
添加进程的端口号。
2TCP/IP 网络接入层有何作用？路径确定和数据包交换数据表、编码和控制可靠性、流量控制和错误检测详细规定构成物理链路的组件及其接入方法将数据段划分为数据包3数据链路层封装添加的报尾信息有何主要功能？支持差错校验确保数据按照顺序到达确保送达正确目的标识本地网络中的设备帮助中间设备进行处理和路径选择4请参见图。
下列哪组设备仅包含终端设备？A、C、DB、E、G、HC、D、G、H、I、JD、E、F、H、I、JE、F、H、I J5OSI 模型各层从最高层到最低层的正确顺序如何？物理层、网络层、应用层、数据链路层、表示层、会话层、传输层应用层、物理层、会话层、传输层网络层、数据链路层、表示层应用层、表示层、物理层、会话层、数据链路层、传输层、网络层应用层、表示层、会话层、传输层、网络层、数据链路层、物理层表示层、数据链路层、会话层、传输层、网络层、物理层、应用层6下列哪三项陈述是对局域网(LAN) 最准确的描述？（选择三项）LAN 通常位于一个地域内。
此类网络由由一个组织管理。
LAN 中的不同网段之间一般通过租用连接的方式连接。
此类网络的安全和访问控制由服务提供商控制。
LAN 为同一个组织内的用户提供网络服务和应用程序访问。
此类网络的每个终端通常都连接到电信服务提供商(TSP)。
7第4 层端口指定的主要作用是什么？标识本地介质中的设备标识源设备和目的设备之间的跳数向中间设备标识过该网络的最佳路径标识正在通信的源终端设备和目的终端设备标识终端设备内正在通信的进程或服务8以下哪种特征正确代表了网络中的终端设备？管理数据流发送数据流重新定时和重新传输数据信号确定数据传输路径9请参见图示。
哪个术语正确判断出了包含于绿色区域中的设备类型？源终端传输中间10OSI 模型哪两层的功能与TCP/IP 模型的网络接入层相同？（选择两项）网络层传输层物理层数据链路层会话层11请参见图示。
思科CCNA课程体系在高职教育中作用论文
浅析思科CCNA课程体系在高职教育中的作用【摘要】分析目前就业市场对于网络人才紧迫需要以及大量网络专业高职毕业生毕业即待业的问题，针对这样情况对我院网络工程专业课程进行调整，将思科ccna课程体系内容引入教学计划中，紧贴行业发展前沿，使学生学有所用，提高就业率和就业质量。
【关键词】思科；ccna；packet tracer一、引言在当今的信息时代里，网络技术的发展、网络应用的普及，使得现代社会网络无处不在，各行各业对网络基础设施的投入显著增加，致使近年来网络服务业蓬勃发展，网络工程师现在几乎是所有商业成功的关键。
因此国内很多高职院校都开设了网络工程专业，每年都有大量的网络专业学生走出校门，很多学生并没有因为“网络”的热门还顺利的找到工作。
主要是由于毕业生所掌握的网络技能并不能满足企业的要求，许多公司还在竭力寻找拥有网络技术的人员来满足它们的需求。
市场对于网络工程师的需求与网络专业高职毕业生毕业即待业的矛盾已凸现出来，造成这种矛盾的因素有以下几方面：（1）课程设置。
很多高职院校对于该专业课程设置过旧，很多技术现在已不是主流但还作为教学内容，学生在学校学习到的知识无法直接满足日后的工作需要。
（2）实践方面。
目前网络设备供应商很多，国内的有华为、中兴、h3c、锐捷、神州数码等，国外有思科、艾尔卡特朗讯等，虽然设备都遵循rfc协议标准，但设备操作都存在一定的差异性。
高职院校网络实验室的设备大多数选取一家的网络设备（国外设备比较昂贵，大多数采用国内设备），学校设置的实验、实训都是针对这种设备而发开的，所以学生在整个学习过程中也就只熟悉该企业的设备，对于日后的工作设备多样性准备不足。
（3）学生方面。
职业教育区别于学历教育在于培养职业岗位技能教育。
但是很多高职学生对于学习主动性不够、实践能力不强，缺乏独立学习和思考的能力，并没有将职业教育的优点表现出来。
针对以上存在的问题，我院对网络专业课程进行调整，将业界领军企业思科ccna课程体系引入到我院网络工程专业高职生教育当中，改善课程的流程和提高课程内容的准确性，加入当前最新的内容和高级的技术，因此激发学生对于网络技术的学习热情，学生可以从中学到最新的网络技术。
CCNA_ENetwork_Chapter_2
ENetwork Chapter 2 - CCNA Exploration ：Network(2009-05-10 11:32:50)分类：CCNA.CISCO.ANSWERS标签：itPosted by Space on Sunday, May 10, 20091 What are the key functions of encapsulation? (Choose three.)*allows modification of the original data before transmission*identifies pieces of data as part of the same communication*enables consistent network paths for communicationensures that data pieces can be directed to the correct receiving end deviceenables the reassembly of complete messagestracks delay between end devices2 Which layer encapsulates the segment into packets?physicaldata link*networktransport3 Which three statements best describe a Local Area Network (LAN)? (Choose three.) *A LAN is usually in a single geographical area.*The network is administered by a single organization.The connection between segments in the LAN is usually through a leased connection.The security and access control of the network are controlled by a service provider.*A LAN provides network services and access to applications for users within a common organization.Each end of the network is generally connected to a Telecommunication Service Provider (TSP).4 What is the proper order of the layers of the OSI model from the highest layer to the lowest layer?physical, network, application, data link, presentation, session, transportapplication, physical, session, transport, network, data link, presentationapplication, presentation, physical, session, data link, transport, network*application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physicalpresentation, data link, session, transport, network, physical, application5 During the encapsulation process, what occurs at the data link layer?No address is added.The logical address is added.*The physical address is added.The process port number is added.6 Select the statements that are correct concerning network protocols. (Choose three.)define the structure of layer specific PDU's*dictate how to accomplish layer functions*outline the functions necessary for communications between layerslimit hardware compatibility*require layer dependent encapsulationseliminate standardization among vendors7Refer to the exhibit. Which three labels correctly identify the network types for the network segments that are shown? (Choose three.)Network A -- WAN*Network B -- WAN*Network C -- LANNetwork B -- MANNetwork C -- WAN*Network A -- LAN8 Which statements correctly identify the role of intermediary devices in the network? (Choose three.)*determine pathways for datainitiate data communications*retime and retransmit data signalsoriginate the flow of data*manage data flowsfinal termination point for data flow9 Which two layers of the OSI model have the same functions as the TCP/IP model Network Access Layer? (Choose two.)* NetworkTransport* PhysicalData LinkSession10 What can be identified by examining the network layer header?the destination device on the local media* the path to use to reach the destination hostthe bits that will be transferred over the mediathe source application or process creating the data11Refer to the exhibit. "Cell A" at IP address 10.0.0.34 has established an IP session with "IP Phone 1" at IP address 172.16.1.103. Based upon the graphic, which device type best describes the function of wireless device "Cell A?"the destination device* an end devicean intermediate devicea media device12Refer to the exhibit. Which set of devices contains only end devices?* A, C, DB, E, G, HC, D, G, H, I, JD, E, F, H, I, JE, F, H, I, J13 What is the purpose of the TCP/IP Network Access layer?* path determination and packet switchingdata representation, encoding, and controlreliability, flow control, and error detectiondetailing the components that make up the physical link and how to access it the division of segments into packets14 What device is considered an intermediary device?file serverIP phonelaptopprinter* switch15 What is a PDU?corruption of a frame during transmissiondata reassembled at the destinationretransmitted packets due to lost communication* a layer specific encapsulation16 What is the primary purpose of Layer 4 port assignment?to identify devices on the local mediato identify the hops between source and destinationto identify to the intermediary devices the best path through the networkto identify the source and destination end devices that are communicating* to identify the processes or services that are communicating within the end devices17 What is a primary function of the trailer information added by the data link layer encapsulation?* supports error detectionensures ordered arrival of dataprovides delivery to correct destinationidentifies the devices on the local networkassists intermediary devices with processing and path selection18Refer to the exhibit. Which term correctly identifies the device type that is included in the green area?sourceendtransfer* intermediary19Refer to the exhibit. Which networking term describes the data interleaving process represented in the graphic?pipingPDUstreaming* multiplexingencapsulation20 Which characteristic correctly refers to end devices in a network?manage data flowsoriginate data flowretime and retransmit data signalsdetermine pathways for data21Refer to the exhibit. What type of network is shown?WANMAN* LANWLAN。
网络编址(子网划分)
公有地址和私有地址
私有地址：属于非注册地址，专门为组织机构内部使用。 私有地址 10.0.0.0 到 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0 /8) 172.16.0.0 到 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0 /12) 192.168.0.0 到 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0 /16) 公有地址：由Inter NIC（因特网信息中心）负责。这些IP 公有地址 地址分配给注册并向Inter NIC提出申请的组织机构。通过 它直接访问因特网。
D、192.168.5.254
IPv4 地址范围
IPv4 地址范围从 0.0.0.0 到 255.255.255.255
地址类型 主机地址 组播地址 实验地址 用途 用于IPv4主机 地址范围 0.0.0.0~223.255.255.255
为特殊用途保留,用于本 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255 地网络中的组播组 用于研究或实验 240.0.0.0~255.255.255.254
172.16.0.0/21
二进制到十进制转换——位置记数法 位置记数法 二进制到十进制转换
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 128 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 0 + 0 + 0 168
11000000.10101000.00001010.1111110→ 192.168.10.254 `
前缀长度指示地址的网络部分的比特位数。 前缀长度指示地址的网络部分的比特位数。
有多少位代表网络部分，多少位代表主机部分 有多少位代表网络部分，多少位代表主机部分 网络部分
实验 2.8.1：基本静态路由配置
所有内容版权所有 © 1992–2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. 保留所有权利。本文档为 Cisco 公开信息。
第 1 页（共 19 页）
CCNA Exploration 路由协议和概念：静态路由
实验 2.8.1：基本静态路由配置
学习目标
完成本实验后，您将能够：
• 根据拓扑图进行网络布线。 • 清除启动配置并将路由器重新加载为默认状态。 • 在路由器上执行基本配置任务。 • 解释 debug ip routing 的输出。 • 配置并激活串行接口和以太网接口。 • 测试连通性。 • 收集信息并据此找出设备之间无法连通的原因。 • 使用中间地址配置静态路由。 • 使用送出接口配置静态路由。 • 比较使用中间地址的静态路由和使用送出接口的静态路由。 • 配置默认静态路由。 • 配置总结静态路由。 • 记录网络实施方案。
R1(config)#line console 0 R1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0 R1(config-line)#line vty 0 4 R1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
任务 3：解释调试输出。 注意：如果您已在 R1 上配置了 IP 地址，请删除所有 interface 命令，然后再执行后续操作。在任务 2 结束时，我们所配置的 R1、R2 和 R3 上不能有任何接口配置。
is_up: 1 state: 4 sub state: 1 line: 1 has_route: False RT: add 172.16.3.0/24 via 0.0.0.0, connected metric [0/0] RT: NET-RED 172.16.3.0/24 RT: NET-RED queued, Queue size 1 RT: interface FastEthernet0/0 added to routing table %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up is_up: 1 state: 4 sub state: 1 line: 1 has_route: True %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, chan ged state to up is_up: 1 state: 4 sub state: 1 line: 1 has_route: True is_up: 1 state: 4 sub state: 1 line: 1 has_route: True
CCNA Exploration 路由协议和概念 (版本 4.0)
3请参见图示。
该网络正在运行 RIP 路由协议。
网络 10.0.0.0 突然断开。
下列有关此拓扑结构中路由器如何响应该事件的陈述中，哪一项是正确的？a Router4 将在 30 秒之后的下一次定期更新中获知该失效路由。
b 在抑制计时器超时之前，水平分割将阻止 Router4 向 10.0.0.0 网络转发数据包。
c Router5 将立即从路由表中清除这一失效路由。
d Router5 将向 Router4 发送触发更新，其中网络 10.0.0.0 的度量为 16。
4关于数据包通过路由器传输时的封装和解封的叙述，下列哪三项是正确的？（选择三项。
）a路由器修改 TTL 字段，将其值减 1。
b路由器将源 IP 更改为送出接口的 IP。
c路由器保持相同的源 IP 和目的 IP。
d路由器将源物理地址更改为送出接口的物理地址。
e路由器将目的 IP 更改为送出接口的 IP。
f路由器会从所有接口将数据包转发出去，包括路由器接收数据包时使用的那个接口。
5请参见图示。
网络管理员在 Router1 上发出no ip classless命令。
当 Router1 收到目的地为 192.168.0.26 主机的数据包时，会发生怎样的转发行为？a数据包将被丢弃。
b数据包将转发到“最后选用网关”c数据包将与 192.168.0.0 网络匹配，并从 Serial 0/0 转发出去。
d数据包将与 192.168.0.8 子网形成最精确匹配，并从 Serial 0/1 转发出去。
6路由器通过静态路由和动态路由过程获知网络。
它会使用哪条路由来到达网络192.168.168.0？A. 192.168.168.0/24 [90/2195456] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:09, Ethernet0Ob. 192.168.168.0/24 [110/1012] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:22, Ethernet0Rc. 192.168.168.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:17, Ethernet0Sd. 192.168.168.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.200.17向 OSPF 路由过程配置中添加网络时，需要下列哪几项？（选择三项。
ann8 神经网路 第8章 神经网络集成
这实际上相当于：为若干重要的特征建立本征空间，然后将多个 本征空间集成起来
2014-04-15 史忠植 神经网路 22
本征脸 vs. 本征特征
本征脸利用全局特征，本征特征利用局部特征，二者各有优势
待识别图像
本征脸识别结果
本征特征识别结果
2014-04-15 史忠植 神经网路 [A. Pentland et al., CVPR94] 23
2014-04-15 史忠植 神经网路 14
回归
分解结果 分类
在回归任务中，GASEN在 减小bias和variance方面都 优于Bagging和Boosting
bias
在分类任务中，GASEN在 减小bias方面优于Bagging ，在减小variance方面优于 Boosting … … GASEN的成功在于 其既可以有效地减小bias ，又可以有效地减小 variance
… ...
2014-04-15
[Z.-H. Zhou et al., AIJ02]
史忠植
神经网路
• 回归：有排除的平 均
12
实验结果
与著名的集成学习算法Bagging和Boosting相比，GASEN 获得 了更高的(或相当的) 精度，而且使用的个体学习器少得多 ( 回归：19% (3.71/20)；分类：36% (7.10/20.0)) [Z.-H. Zhou et al., AIJ02]
从一组个体学习器中排除出去的个体（k）应满足：
分类 回归
2 N 1 Cij 2 N Cik N 2 Ek
2 i 1 j 1 i 1 ik
N
N
N
j 1 j j Sum j 1
全新版大学英语《综合教程》第一册Unit8.ppt
• 3) We discussed the proposed changes for most of the meeting. The
chairman only took a few moments at the end to sum up.
• 9. compete with / against: try to be better than (sb. else) (used in the
• Examples: 1) When the camera is functioning properly the green light comes on.
•
2) Athens functioned as a center of trade in the thirteenth century.
• 14. idle: lazy; not doing anything
• Examples: a) Fiction takes up a large slice of the publishing market.
•
b) The boss promised that everyone would get a slice of the profits.
• 2) a thin flat piece cut from sth. (often used with of)
pattern: compete with / against sb. for sth.)
• Examples: 1) More than 2,300 candidates from 93 political parties are competing for 486 seats.
•
2) We are having to compete with three other departments for
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1In LAN installations where potential electrical hazards or electromagnetic interference may be present, what type of media recommended for backbone cabling?2在可能存在电气危险或电磁干扰的LAN 安装中，主干布线建议使用哪种类型的介质？Coax同轴Fiber光纤Cat5e UTP5e 类UTPCat6 UTPSTP2W hich type of cable run is most often associated with fiber-optic cable?1 哪种电缆通常与光缆相关联？backbone cable主干电缆horizontal cable水平电缆patch cable跳线电缆work area cable工作区域电缆3What characteristic of UTP cable helps reduce the effects of interference?3 UTP 电缆的哪个特征有助于减少干扰的影响？the metal braiding in the shielding屏蔽层中的金属编织the reflective cladding around core包裹核心的反射涂层the twisting of the wires in the cable电缆中的线对绕绞the insulating material in the outer jacket外皮中的绝缘材料4W hich characteristics describe fiber optic cable? (Choose two.)15以下哪些特征描述的是光缆？It is not affected by EMI or RFI.不受EMI 或RFI 影响。
Each pair of cables is wrapped in metallic foil.每对电缆都包裹在金属箔中。
It combines the technique of cancellation, shielding and twisting to protect data.结合取消、屏蔽和绕绞技术来保护数据。
It has a maximum speed of 100 Mbps.最高速度为100 Mbps。
It is the most expensive type of LAN cabling.最昂贵的LAN 电缆类型。
5Refer to the exhibit. Which type of Category 5 cable is used to make an Ethernet connection between Host A and Host B?3请参见图示。
哪种 5 类电缆用于在主机A 和主机B 之间建立以太网连接？coax cable同轴电缆rollover cable全反电缆crossover cable交叉电缆straight-through cable直通电缆6I n most business LANs, which connector is used with twisted-pair networking cable?3大多数企业LAN 中的双绞线网络电缆使用哪种连接器？BNCRJ-11RJ-45Type F7What are three measures of data transfer? (Choose three.)146数据传输的三种量度标准是什么？Goodput实际吞吐量Frequency频率Amplitude幅度Throughput吞吐量Crosstalk串扰Bandwidth带宽8W hich OSI layer is responsible for binary transmission, cable specification, and physical aspects of network communication OSI 哪一层负责网络通信的二进制传输、电缆规格和物理方面？PresentationTransportData LinkPhysical9Which fiber connector supports full duplex Ethernet?310W hich of the following is a characteristic of single-mode fiber-optic cable?4以下哪项是单模光缆的特征generally uses LEDs as the light source一般使用LED 作为光源relatively larger core with multiple light paths因为有多条光通路，核心相对较粗less expensive than multimode价格比多模低generally uses lasers as the light source一般使用激光作为光源11What is a possible effect of improperly applying a connector to a network cable?2对网络电缆采用的连接器不正确可能产生什么后果Data will be forwarded to the wrong node.会将数据转发到错误的节点。
Data transmitted through that cable may experience signal loss.通过该电缆传输的数据可能发生信号丢失。
An improper signaling method will be implemented for data transmitted on that cable.将对该电缆中传输的数据采用不正确的信号方法。
The encoding method for data sent on that cable will change to compensate for the improper connection.该电缆中发送的数据所采用的编码方法将更改，用于补偿不当连接。
12W hen is a straight-through cable used in a network?3网络中什么时候使用直通电缆？when connecting a router through the console port通过控制台端口连接路由器时when connecting one switch to another switch连接两台交换机时when connecting a host to a switch连接主机与交换机时when connecting a router to another router连接两台路由器时13Which method of signal transmission uses radio waves to carry signals?3哪种信号传输方法使用无线电波传送信号？Electrical电Optical光Wireless无线Acoustic声14A n installed fiber run can be checked for faults, integrity, and the performance of the media by using what device?2使用什么设备可以检查安装的光纤是否存在错误并检查其完整性和介质性能？light injector光注入器OTDR光时域反射TDRMultimeter万用表15What is a primary role of the Physical layer in transmitting data on the network?1在网络中传输数据时，物理层的主要作用是什么？create the signals that represent the bits in each frame on to the media创建信号以表示介质上每个帧中的比特provide physical addressing to the devices为设备提供物理编址determine the path packets take through the network确定数据包的网络通路control data access to the media控制数据对介质的访问16What is considered a benefit of wireless as a media choice?1以下哪项被视为选择无线介质的优点？more host mobility主机移动更方便lower security risks安全风险更低reduced susceptibility to interference减少干扰的影响less impact of the surroundings on the effective coverage area环境对有效覆盖面积的影响更小17W ith the use of unshielded twisted-pair copper wire in a network, what causes crosstalk within the cable pairs?1 如果在网络中使用非屏蔽双绞线铜缆，导致线对内串扰的原因是什么？the magnetic field around the adjacent pairs of wire相邻线对周围的磁场the use of braided wire to shield the adjacent wire pairs使用编织线屏蔽相邻线对the reflection of the electrical wave back from the far end of the cable从电缆远端反射回来的电波the collision caused by two nodes trying to use the media simultaneously因两个节点尝试同时使用介质而导致的冲突。