有关于留守儿童的外文翻译

Employee assistance programmes(EAPs)–what are they and why have them?It may be a truism to suggest that employees are the most important asset of an organisation，but many truisms are such because generally they are true!However,industries generally have been treating their employees rather badly over the last decade.The recession from which we are currently climbing has resulted in organisations“rationalising”and“downsizing”and in employees feeling vulnerable and insecure.Most industries are coming out of recession feeling stronger,leaner and fitter.The more sensitive ones are aware of the value of the employees that have helped them achieve this and are aware of their insecurity and the stress this can create.They realise that it makes good commercial sense to invest and support these people.After all,in any service industry“the value of a company is the sum of the knowledge of the people working for it”.If an organisation loses its people,it loses the value,and might lose the entire service.This is particularly true in service indus-tries which are tightly financially controlled and target driven,creating pressures and stress for those within them.This means that unfortunately,many of the staff will suffer,in a major or minor way,from stress or stress-related illness at some point.Frank Davies,chairman of the Health and Safety Commission,suggests that“People can be too frightened to admit that they are under stress–perhaps because they associate it with the stigma of mental illness or because people see it as a sign of some kind of weakness and some organisations seem to be taking the view that stress is not their problem but an individ-ual’s”(Davies,1997).员工援助计划（EAPs）是什么，为什么有他们呢？它可能是一个不言而喻的建议，员工是一个公司最重要的资产，但是许多众所周知的事情都是如此，因为这是事实！然而，很多行业在过去的十年对待雇员很差。

近年来不断加剧的衰退导致很多公司合理化和规模缩小，很多员工也因此感到不安和不稳定。

大部分行业从衰退中走出来之后，感觉到更强壮、更精简、更能适应行业竞争了更多比较敏感的行业知道了雇员能帮助他们达到目的的价值，他们也清楚员工的不安和压力由此产生。

他们意识到这对商业投资很有好处，也能很好的支持这些人。

毕竟，不是在所有的服务行业都认可“一个公司的价值是人的知识和它的工作”。

如果一个公司失去了员工，失去了员工的价值，这有可能使它失去全部的服务。

在服务性行业中，这是特别地正确的，这在财政控制和目标达成中都有过试验，造成的压力和应力内拔地而起。

很不幸的是，这就意味着在某个时刻许多员工将直接或间接地产生压力或与压力有关的疾病。

健康安全委员会主席弗朗克·戴维斯建议，“人们可能太害怕而不愿承认自己受到的压力，可能是因为他们将它与精神病的特征联系在一起，或者是人们把这看做是软弱的一种表现，而且很多公司认为压力不是他们的问题，而是大家都存在的问题”（戴维斯，1997）。

The Health and Safety Executive’s1990Survey of Self-reported Work-related Illnesses in England and Wales suggested that about7,500employees missed work because of stress,caused or made worse by work,costing British businesses more than￡100million each year.In the highly competitive world of service organisations especially(but in all organizations)stress is prevalent,resulting in varying performance and high staff-turnover.This can result in lower morale and flexibility,increased tension and long-term uncertainty.It must therefore make good sense to find ways of managing this stress–including both addressing the causes of stress andattacking the symptoms of stress by providing support and/or counselling on an ongoing basis to help individuals alleviate pressures and stress.Important issues include ensuring that staff have the proper tools and equipment to do the work with which they are charged–and of course,ensuring that they are adequately trained and prepared for the work.A feeling of incompetence(even when not the employee’s fault)is a major inducer of stress.Staff also need to feel that they are being treated fairly and consistently and ideally,that they have the chance to make a contribution to their own working environment and practices.However,in times of paring resources to the bone to remain competitive,stress will still exist and will surface from time to time in various ways.This is where an EAP can help.在英格兰和威尔士，健康与安全执行委员会在1990年自报工作有关的疾病的调查显示，大约7,500名员工因压力而失去工作，造成或因工作而变得更加严重，英国企业的成本每年超过1亿英镑。

在竞争激烈的服务性行业中，压力是普遍现象并导致不同的工作绩效和较大的人员流失。

这可以导致较低的士气和灵活性,增加了紧张和长期的不确定性。

因此，必须作出明智的选择，能找到这样的压力管理的方法，包括既着眼于解决压力的原因和攻击提供支持和/或持续进行辅导，以帮助个人减轻压力的症状的方法。

重要的问题包括确保工作人员有合适的工具和设备去工作，确保他们得到充分的培训和工作准备时间。

一个不适合的感觉（即使不是雇员的过错）是一种压力的重要诱导，员工也需要觉得他们是被公平对待的，他们有机会为工作环境做出自己的贡献。

然而在资源削减的时候遗留的就只是竞争，压力将时不时地以各种方式出现。

这就是EAP 能提供的帮助。

Why have an EAP?As we have seen,most people suffer from negative stress at times.It directly affects their performance at work.An EAP is designed to help alleviate this and enable people at work to realise their full potential for the benefit of their organisation and themselves.It is a tangible and practical employee benefit.All employers have a duty of care to their employees.在1996年11月In November1996,a social worker successfully sued his employer over the stress he suffered at work.He had suffered two breakdowns,of which it was judged that the second could have been avoided.The employer had ignored a number of requests for help and was held liable–resulting in a potential￡200,000award.This is currently under appeal.If upheld it could create a precedent for an avalanche of future cases.If the council had operated an EAP,this expensive situation may have been avoided.为什么会有EAP？正如我们所知，大多数人在遭受消极的压力时，那将直接影响到他们在工作上的表现。