2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：1

合集下载

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第99期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Winston became quite avaricious in his late life.问题1选项A.feebleB.greedyC.blatantD.forgetful【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

avaricious意为“贪财的，贪婪的”；feeble意为“虚弱的，衰弱的”；greedy 意为“贪婪的，贪心的”；blatant意为“明目张胆的，公然的”；forgetful意为“健忘的，好忘事的，疏忽的”。

句意：温斯顿晚年变得相当贪婪。

2.翻译题我国高等教育大众化过程需要更加关注4个问题：理解高等教育规模扩大的本原，加强人文素质教育，平衡优秀与平等的关系，协调大学与政府、市场间的关系。

所有这些都要以明析高等教育哲学的一个根本问题为前提，即大学的根本使命和目标如何定位的问题。

现代大学一定要使学生和公众都能够理解大学最终和最基本的使命是什么。

大学不是提供获利的手段和就业单位的场所，而是要激发他们理性的光辉和力量，培养学生坚持长远地、全面地看待个人、社会与历史的发展所需要的能力。

【答案】【参考译文】More attention should be paid to four issues during the massification of Chinese higher education: (1) how to understand the prime cause of the expansion of higher education; (2) how to reinforce liberal education; (3) how to balance the relationship between equality and excellence; and (4) how to harmonize the relationship between the university, the government and the market. All these are based on the orientation about the ultimate mission and goal of universities. Modern universities must make students and the public understand their ultimate mission. A university is not a place where stratagems for profits and opportunities of emplo yment are provided; rather, it should inspire students’ rationalistic potencies, cultivate their ability to look upon the development of individuals, society and history from a long-term and all-around perspective.3.单选题The final recommendation was that the employee on probation（）a special night class for one semester.问题1选项A.attendB.has attendedC.attendsD.attended【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：89

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Parents often fall into the trap of offering other food in order to（） the child to eat. 问题1选项A.temptB.manipulateC.incenseD.escort【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

tempt “吸引，诱使”；manipulate “操作，操控”；incense “使激怒”；escort“护送，陪同”。

句意：家长们常常陷入困境，通过别的食物来吸引孩子好好吃饭。

选项A符合句意。

2.翻译题Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet.In the U.S., citizens tend to rely on electronic media such as TV rather than print media. TV news tends to provide numerous visuals and abbreviated textual information. (1) Although TV news stories pitch “on-the-scene reporting”, and other eye-catching images to viewers, the actual stories are generally so brief that were the reports transcribed into newspaper copy, no single story would have enough text to cover a third of a page. It is remarkable to consider how little information is conveyed between all the exciting visuals. (2) It is also remarkable to stop and think about how inadequately informed citizens may be if their primary source of political knowledge is the picture-rich and data-poor TV evening news. Moreover, because U.S. media companies are primarily privately owned, (3) media professionals are under pressure to present news in an entertaining way in order to expand their audiences and corresponding advertising revenues. Large audiences create higher profits from advertising sales. With a few exceptions, U.S. TV and radio stations are like other businesses: They need to generate money to cover operating costs and make profits. If media professionals are convinced that viewers want entertaining news rather than in-depth details, this assumption affects the kind of news they produce. Not surprisingly, political scientists have found that news coverage of election campaigns tends to focus on the personal lives of candidates rather than on issues, and (4) when issues are reported the emphasis is often on the immediate and most dramatic implications of the issues, not on the historical, long-term, or global dimensions of those issues.At the same time, insofar as television and Internet-based news must be generated quickly, time pressures impede extensive independent investigations. Because U.S. citizens conceptualize news as something occurring by the hour or minute, U.S. media professionals are often putting together news stories under severe time restraints. (5) Some analysts believe that this increases the tendency of reporters to get information from official sources rather than from the reporters’ own independent investigations of newsworthy events. Think about this issue from the standpoint of reporters and editors. If you are a reporter assigned the task of doing a story on a state’s new prison system, for example, you will find it is quicker and easier to get a governor’s press release on the new prison than it is to go to libraries, data banks, and university research centers to investigate the topic on your own. This does not suggest that investigative journalism never occurs; rather, many scholars believe that time pressures tend to encourage the use of information provided by official sources (for example, political leaders and their press secretaries) rather than the collection of facts through ongoing independent research.【答案】【参考译文】（1）虽然电视新闻故事多推崇“现场报道”或者其他吸人眼球的形象，但是实际上这些故事通常都很简短，要是把这些报道转写成报纸版面的话，它们任何一个都占不了三分之一的版面。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：27

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The directions were so（）that it was impossible to complete the assignment.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

ingenious意为“精巧的，巧妙的，机敏的”；ambitious意为“有野心的，有雄心的”，一般形容人；notorious意为“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous意为“含糊的，不明确的”。

句意：这些指示太不明确了，以致不可能完成任务。

2.单选题Winston became quite avaricious in his late life.问题1选项A.feebleB.greedyC.blatantD.forgetful 【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

句意：温斯顿晚年变得相当贪婪。

3.单选题The novel contains some marvelous revealing（）of rural life in the 19th century.问题1选项A.glancesB.glimpsesC.glaresD.gleamed【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项glance“瞥闪，扫视，匆匆一看”；B选项glimpse“瞥见”；C选项glare“怒目而视，瞪眼看；发出刺眼的光”；D选项gleamed“闪烁；隐约地闪现”。

句意：这本小说包括对19世纪乡村生活的一瞥，绝妙而富于启发。

glimpse“瞥见”，是glance的结果。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：86

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题His mother scanned his face to see if he was telling the truth.问题1选项A.indicatedB.scrutinizedC.caressedD.penetrated【答案】D【解析】考查同义动词辨析。

A选项indicated“表明，显示，象征，暗示”；B选项scrutinized“仔细查看；认真检查；细致审查”，表示用挑剔的眼光以及对细节苛求的态度检查；C选项caressed“抚摸，爱抚”；D选项penetrated“看透；透过……看见，洞察；发现；揭示”。

句意：他母亲审视着他的脸，想看看他是否在说真话。

Scan“细看；察看；审视；端详”。

D选项与scan意思最接近，因此D选项正确。

2.单选题The guests were in a jubilant mood as the wedding began.问题1选项A.exultantB.conciliatoryC.reverentD.receptive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

a jubilant意为“喜庆洋洋的，欢欣鼓舞的”；exultant意为“狂喜的；兴高采烈的”；conciliatory意为“调解的，安抚的”；reverent意为“恭敬的，虔敬的”；receptive意为“乐于接受的”。

句意：婚礼开始时，客人们都喜气洋洋。

3.单选题The plane（）, its bombs exploding as it hit the ground.问题1选项A.smashedB.crushedC.plungedD.crashed【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。

smash意为“打碎，打破，撞击”；crush意为“压坏，压碎”；plunge意为“暴跌，骤降”；crash意为“碰撞、坠落，坠毁”，根据习惯用法，飞机失事，动词都是用crash。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：16

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Health experts recommend leisurely meals.问题1选项A.paid forB.deletedC.gatheredD.regular【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。

leisurely意为“不慌不忙的，慢悠悠的”；pay for意为“赔偿，付款，为……付出代价”；delete意为“删除”；gather意为“聚集，集合”；regular意为“规则的，有规律的”。

句意：健康专家建议从容饮食。

2.翻译题以前人们常说，英国人享乐时也会郁郁不乐。

如今，如果英国人真有什么乐趣可享的话，情况无疑还会依然如此，不过英国的烟酒价格构成了足以令人忧愁的外因。

有时我觉得，这种享乐时也郁郁不乐的癖性已经传到了大西洋彼岸，我不由得纳闷：这么多讲英语的人身体又健康，收入又丰厚，怎么人生观却如此消沉。

我在美国旅行期间，注意到了一种根深蒂固的忧郁症。

我觉得这种忧郁症似乎极其普遍，这就给社会改革家出了难题。

大多数社会改革家认为，若是消除了贫困，有了经济保障，太平盛世就会到来。

但是，无论在贵国还是在蔽国，看着坐在豪华轿车里的人们的面孔，却见不到社会改革家引导人们期待的那种喜气洋洋的神情。

相反，十有八九，我看到的是一副厌倦不满的神情，以及一种近似疯狂的渴望，想找点东西吊起早已发腻的胃口。

【答案】【参考译文】It used to be said that English people take their pleasure sadly. This would no doubt still be the case today if they had any pleasure to take, but the price of alcohol and tobacco in British has provided sufficient external causes for melancholy. I have sometimes thought that the habit of taking pleasure sadly has crossed the Atlantic, and I have wondered what it is that makes so many English-speaking people somber in their outlook in spite of good health and a good income.During my travels in the America, I have been impressed by a kind of fundamental malaise which seems to me extremely common and which poses difficult problems for the social reformer. Most social reformers have held the opinion that, if poverty were abolished and there were no more economic insecurity, the millennium would have arrived. But when I look at the faces of people in luxury cars, whether in your country or in mine, I do not see that look of radiant happiness which the aforesaid social reformers had led people to expect. In all likelihood, on the contrary, I see instead a look of boredom and discontent and an almost frantic longing for something that might tickle the jaded palate.3.单选题Modem international joint ventures are more dynamic and different from （1）subsidiaries and similar organizational forms in the past, so traditional control systems may not be applicable. New forms of international management have not been studied very much in their own right - for example,（2） on the use of accounting and other information to evaluate performance. Organizational design should include control mechanisms when an IJV is planned. The Macquarie Group, for example, boasts that the key to its success is a unique management style that provides individual businesses with a balance between（3）freedom, controls on risk limits and observance of professional standards. The group’s argument is that this policy encourages a sense of ownership and entrepreneurship and has produced（4） major financial innovations.Competent international managers consider also the varying levels of control by different parties to joint ventures. They are usually easier to manage either if one parent plays a dominant role in daily operations or if the local general manager has considerable management control (5） both parents out of most of the daily operations).In any case, the more issues（6） before a merger, the less（7）to break up. Control over stability and success is built largely into initial agreements. Contracts specify responsibilities and rights. Where ownership is unequal, control and staffing choices（8） .. ownership share. In particular, choices of general managers influence relativeallocation of control because they are responsible for running the venture and forcoordinating relationships. Where ownership is divided among several partners, the parents tend to（9） daily operations to the local venture managers because this avoids many potential disputes. In addition, increased autonomy of the venture tends to reduce many common human resource problems such as staffing friction,（10）communication and clashing organizational cultures, resulting from conflicting goals and working practices.问题1选项A.adjacentB.hostC.fully ownedD.partly shared问题2选项A.little research has been undertakenB.a little research has been undertakenC.much research has been doneD.they have undertaken the research问题3选项A.operationB.operatedC.operativeD.operating 问题4选项A.streams ofB.a stream ofC.a lotD.lots问题5选项A.makingB.avoidingC.turningD.keeping问题6选项A.which have been raisedB.put upC.that have been settledD.discussed问题7选项A.possibility there isB.likely it isC.impossible it isD.possible问题8选项A.will be proportionate toB.will be proportionateC.will proportionateD.will be proportional问题9选项A.employB.empowerC.divideD.delegate问题10选项A.blockedB.blockingC.codedD.coding【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D第6题:C 第7题:B第8题:B第9题:B第10题:A【解析】（1）考查逻辑关系。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：47

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题仅仅传授专业知识是不够的。

通过专业教育可以使人成为一种有用的机器，却不能成为一个全面发展的人。

让学生对价值理念有所理解并产生热情，是不可或缺的。

否则，他——连同他的专业知识——就更像一条受过良好训练的狗，而非一个和谐发展的人。

他必须通过学习了解人们的动机、幻想和苦难，以便正确处理同他人和社会的关系。

【答案】【参考译文】Only to impart professional knowledge is not enough. Professional education can make human being become a kind of useful machine, but can’t make him a person of comprehensive development. It is absolutely necessary for letting students have some understanding of the concept of value and generate enthusiasm. Otherwise, he, together with his specialized knowledge, will more resemble a well-trained dog rather than a person of harmonious development. He must learn to understand people’s motivation, fa ntasy and misery so as to correctly handling the relationship with other people and the society.2.单选题The mayor is a woman with great forthrightness and therefore deserves our political and financial support.问题1选项A.intentionB.instinctC.integrityD.intensity【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题It is also clear from his account who is responsible for misrepresenting this threat: the media and politicians. Thoughout this work, he scolds both. Politicians, we are told, “amplify the threat for their own political gains and mislead the public into misunderstanding terrorism and prefer appearing tough on terrorism to effectively combating it at home”. He argues that media reporting is significantly flawed and hysterical and suggests that the media and politicians seldom pass up any opportunity to manipulate and sensationalize news events. The combination of these two factors is a great inflation of the terrorist theat in the United States, resulting in popular hysteria. The focus on the threat to the West is understandable in some ways—it is the threat to one’s own state that the media and politicians are concerned with and attempt to mitigate.【答案】【参考译文】从他的描述中也可以清楚地看出，是谁歪曲了这一威胁：媒体和政客。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：42

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The guests were in a jubilant mood as the wedding began.问题1选项A.exultantB.conciliatoryC.reverentD.receptive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

jubilant意为“喜气洋洋的，欢欣鼓舞的”；exultant意为“欢欣鼓舞的，兴高采烈的”；conciliatory意为“调解的，安抚的”；reverent意为“恭敬的，虔敬的”；receptive 意为“乐于接受的”。

句意：婚礼开始时，客人们兴高采烈。

2.翻译题Once the first laughter had been laughed by primitive man, with such apparently pleasurable effects all around, laughter began to take on an intrinsic value within the society of man. The person possessing the ability to communicate pleasure in a loud laugh began to enjoy social advantages over his more serious colleagues, he became a “good mixer” socially selected and liked by society. Thus the process of natural selection (the survival of the fittest) would tend to operate in favor of those able to express their pleasurable states in laugher, as compared with those not so able. Throughout the course of evolution, laughter would become established throughout the human species as a function of sociological and psychological value.Thus laughter gradually became established as a capacity among virtually all human beings. In addition, laughter’s infections qua lity helped distribute it as a characteristic common to all mankind. Laughter was advantageous; therefore it survived.【答案】【参考译文】原始人一旦第一次开口大笑了，笑声就因其对周围所产生的那些明显的愉快的效果，开始具有了人类社会所特有的价值。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：55

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most（）areas in Japanese life.问题1选项A.sophisticatedpetitiveC.considerateD.superficial【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

sophisticated意为“见多识广的，老练的”；competitive意为“竞争的，比赛的”；considerate意为“考虑周到的，体贴的”；superficial意为“肤浅的，表面的”。

由前面because引导的原因状语，可知好大学的学位意味着好更好的工作，故此推测教育领域具有竞争性，因此选B。

句意：因为一所好大学的学位是获得更好工作的手段，所以教育是日本人生活中最具竞争的领域之一。

2.单选题Comets are still regarded with awe by some people.问题1选项A.wonderB.concernC.resentmentD.detachment【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

awe意为“敬畏，惊叹”；wonder意为“惊异，惊叹”；concern意为“涉及，关系到”；resentment意为“愤恨，不满”；detachment意为“超然，公正，独立”。

句意：一些人仍然敬畏彗星。

3.单选题At the first glance, a forest appears to be a haphazard collection of trees, shrubs, vines, and flowers.问题1选项A.randomB.totalC.gradedD.synthetic【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Most economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market. A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter, established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious. Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both “normal” and having a valuable economic function. In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires. Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers. That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories. But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needs that it has in common with the other large firms competing for the same customers. Each large firm will thus avoid significant price-cutting, because price-cutting would be prejudicial to the common interest in a stable demand for products. Most economists do not see price-fixing when it occurs because they expect it to be brought about by a number of explicit agreements among large firms; it is not.Moreover, those economists who argue that allowing the free market to operate without interference is the most efficient method of establishing prices have not considered the economies of non-socialist countries other than the United States. These economics employ intentional price-fixing, usually in an overt fashion. Formal price-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements covering the members of an industry are commonplace. Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market and inefficient about price-fixing, the countries that have avoided the first and used the second would have suffered drastically in their economic development. There is no indication that they have.Socialist industry also works within a framework of controlled prices. In the early 1970s, the Soviet Union began to give firms and industries some of the flexibility in adjusting prices that a more informal evolution has accorded the capitalist system. Economists in the United States have hailed the change as a return to the free market. But Soviet firms are no more subject to prices established by a free market over which they exercise less influence than are capital firms; rather, Soviet firms have been given the power to fix prices.1.The primary purpose of the passage is to（）.2.The author's attitude toward "Most economists in the United States” (Para, 1) can best be described as（）.3.It can be inferred from the author's argument that a price fixed by the seller “seems pernicious” (Para, 1) be cause（）.4.The suggestion in the passage that price-fixing in industrialized societies is normal arises from the author’s statement that price-fixing is（）.问题1选项A.refute the theory that the free market plays a useful role in the development of industrialized societiesB.suggest methods by which economists and members of the government of the Unite States can recognize and combat price-fixing by large firmsC.show that in industrialized societies price-fixing and the operation of the free market are not only compatible but also mutually beneficialD.argue that price-fixing, in one form or another, is an inevitable part of and benefit to the economy of any industrialized society问题2选项A.spiteful and enviousB.scornful and denunciatoryC.critical and condescendingD.ambivalent but deferential问题3选项A.people do not have confidence in large firmsB.people do not expect the government to regulate pricesC.most economists believe that consumers as a group should determine pricesD.most economists associate fixed prices with communist and socialist economies问题4选项A.a profitable result of economic developmentB.an inevitable result of the industrial systemC.the result of a number of carefully organized decisionsD.a phenomenon common to industrialized and non-industrialized societies【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:C第4题:B【解析】1.主旨大意题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：68

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The founders, as was the case of almost all their successors, were long on exhortation and rhetoric regarding the value of civic education, but they left it to the textbook writers to distill the essence of those values for school children.问题1选项A.infuseB.disseminateC.extractD.demonstrate【答案】C【解析】划线词的宾语是the essence of those values for school children，从那些价值观中……本质。

A选项infuse“灌输；浸渍”；B选项disseminate“宣传；散步”；C选项extract“提取；提炼”；D选项demonstrate“证明；展示”。

联系句意可知“从那些价值观中提取本质”逻辑通顺，因此C选项符合题意。

2.单选题Gender-based violence encompasses a wide range of human rights violations, including sexual abuse of children, rape, domestic violence, sexual assault and harassment, trafficking of women and girls and several harmful traditional practices.问题1选项A.batteringB.tradingC.veneratingD.craving【答案】B【解析】句意：基于性别的暴力包括广泛的侵犯人权行为，包括对儿童的性虐待、强奸、家庭暴力、性侵犯和骚扰、……妇女和女童以及若干有害的传统做法。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：69

句意：婚礼开始时，客人们兴高采烈。

2.翻译题5. A fascinating city between sea and sky, like Venus rising from the waves, Venice welcomes tourists from the five continents drawn to her by the charm of her water and pellucid light, free from all dust and cooled by the sea breeze. She also offers the intellectual pleasures to be derived from her masterpieces which mark the meeting of East and West.【答案】【参考译文】5.威尼斯水城海天相连，景色迷人，宛如碧波中涌现的维纳斯，吸引着五大洲的游客。

她水色旖旎，波光粼粼，清风拂面而来，扫去你心中的不快与烦恼。

而城市中那些集东西方艺术之大成的杰作，更给人以精神上的享受。

3.翻译题At the start of the 21st century, humankind finds itself on a non-sustainable course—the course that, unless it is changed, could lead to grand scale catastrophes. At the same time, we are unlocking formidable new capabilities that lead to more exciting lives and glorious civilizations. This could be either humanity’s last century or the century that sets the world on a course toward a spectacular future.We live on a small, beautiful and a totally isolated planet, but its population is becoming too large; enormous new consumer societies are growing, of which China is the largest; and technology is becoming powerful enough to wreck the planet. We are traveling at breakneck speed into an age of the extremes—extremes in wealth and poverty, extremes in technology and the experiments that scientists want to perform, extreme forces of globalism, weapons of mass destruction and terrorists acting in the name of religion. If we are to survive, we have to learn how to manage this situation.The set of problems has a set of solutions. If we humans implement these solutions, we can gradually achieve sustainable development and a sustainable but affluent life. Working toward sustainability requires many different types of actions in different subject areas. In light of rapidly advancing technology, however, sustainability alone is not enough. We need to be concerned with survivability. There must be a move away from the untenable course we are on today toward a world where we learn to control the diverse forces we are unleashing.【答案】【参考译文】在21世纪开始之际，人类意识到自己正走上了一条走不下去的路。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第82期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Confucius said, “Since the age of 15, I have devoted myself to learning; since 30, I have been well established; since 40, I have understood many things and have no longer been confused; since 50, I have known my heaven-sent duty; since 60, I have been able to distinguish right and wrong in other people’s words; and since 70, I have been able to do what I intend freely without breaking the rules.”The average life expectancy at the Spring and Autumn Periods and Warring States Periods was, according to some research, about 19 years. Confucius lived 72 to 73 years, a rare god of longevity in deed. It was even hard for those with power and leisure to reach such an age. Therefore, Confucius could be very well learned, far from what an ordinary person could expect at his times.The statistics in 2001 shows that the world life expectancy is 62.27 with the Japanese taking the lead to be 79.66 while China gaining a position surpassing all developing countries by its 69.98. However, the Chinese have not yet reached the age to do what they intend freely without breaking the rules. Thus, rules are hard not to be broken.Calculated in the terms Confucius set for us in learning, those of us who have been learning English for ten years still have a long way to go before reaching the time to be established. To have no confusion, one has to spend 25 years. To truly understand the purpose of English learning, one has to do it for 35 years. It takes 45 years if one wants to distinguish right and wrong in other people’s words, an d 55 years to manipulate English language freely without breaking the rules.【答案】【参考译文】子曰“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：60

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Even though he was guilty, the（）judge did not send him to prison.问题1选项A.mercifulB.impartialC.conscientiousD.conspicuous【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

merciful意为“仁慈的，宽恕的，温和的”；impartial意为“公正的，不偏不倚的”；conscientious意为“一丝不苟的，认真的”；conspicuous意为“明显的”。

由前面even though（即使，纵然）引导的让步状语从句中的guilty和主句中的did not send him to prison表示the judge是仁慈的，因此选A。

句意：即使他有罪，仁慈的法官也没有把他送进监狱。

2.单选题You have to thaw the meat before it can be cooked.问题1选项A.tenderizeB.defrostC.seasonD.braise【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

thaw意为“(结冰后) 解冻，融化，融解”；tenderize意为“使嫩，使软化”；defrost意为“（给……）化霜，（使）解冻”；season意为“加调料调味，加作料”；braise意为“炖，焖”。

句意：烹饪肉之前，你得先解冻它。

3.单选题The atmosphere contains water vapor, but there is a limit to how much water can be evaporated into a given volume of air, just as there is a limit to how much sugar can be dissolved in one cupful of coffee. More sugar can be dissolved in hot coffee than in cold. A given volume of air can hold more water vapor at a higher temperature than at a lower temperature. The air is said to be saturated when it holds as much water vapor as it can at the temperature. At 20°C a cubic meter of air can hold about 17 gram of water vapor; at 30 °C it can hold about 30 gram. Usually the atmosphere is not saturated. Relative humidity (expressed in per cent) is the ratio of the mass of water vapor actually present in a given volume of air to the mass which would be present in it if it were saturated. For example, if a cubic meter of air at 20°C contains 12 gram of water vapor, the relative humidity is 12 gm/17 gm x 100 =71%. Hydrometers are instruments for measuring relative humidity. Readings on wet and dry bulb thermometers can be compared with the aid of a chart from which one can then read off the relative humidity. The basic principle of this is that evaporation is a cooling process. The rate of evaporation from the wet-bulb thermometer will be high when the relative humidity is low, and therefore on such a day the wet-bulb thermometer will read considerably below the dry-bulb one. There is no simple formula for converting this temperature difference to relative humidity, and therefore a chart is used.If unsaturated air is cooled, its relative humidity goes up. If the temperature of the air drops sufficiently, saturation is reached and excess moisture precipitates out. The dew point is the temperature to which the air must be cooled to become saturated and condensation will just form.1.When the readings on the wet-bulb thermometer and the dry-bulb thermometer are similar, we may assume that（）.2.When the temperature of the air rises above the dew point,（）.问题1选项A.we have relative humidityB.the air is saturatedC.the thermometer is inefficientD.the temperature is about to rise问题2选项A.dew will formB.it will rainC.the relative humidity exceeds 100%D.evaporation is likely to take place【答案】第1题:B第2题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our children’s college and our own retirement security is chilling.问题1选项A.frighteningB.promisingC.freezingD.revealing【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。

chilling指令人寒心的，使人恐惧的。

选项A与之意思相近，正确。

2.单选题问题1选项A.sent upB.sent offC.sent outD.sent in 【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。

send up使上升；send off寄出，派遣；send out发送；send in递送，呈报。

根据句意可知，这里指“递交辞呈”，所以选项D符合句意。

3.翻译题Physicists all over the world, back in 1895, were pretty much agreeing that the great work of physics had all been done. Some of them mourned publicly that no discoveries of truly major importance were likely to be made in the future. But then they did not know that a Professor Roentgen, working alone in a modest laboratory in Germany, had begun a series of experiments with a crude induction coil, a pear-shaped bulb from which the air had been removed, and a sheet of paper painted with certain metallic salts. And Professor Roentgen did not know that his work was destined to reveal a force of nature—never before suspected—that would almost overnight revolutionize medicine and technology, and become a instrument for deeper probing of the structure of matter.【答案】在1895年，全世界的物理学家普遍认为所有有关物理的伟大研究都已经完成了，他们中的有些人甚至公开宣称将来不可能再出现真正有意义的重大发现了。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：47

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The theory that business could operate totally without the aid of government has proved to be a （）.问题1选项A.allusionB.seclusionC.illusionD.confusion【答案】C【解析】考察名词辨析。

allusion “暗示”；seclusion “与世隔绝”；illusion “幻想；错觉”；confusion“混乱；困惑”。

句意：认为商业运营能够完全脱离政府援助的这种观点是一种幻想。

选项C 符合句意。

2.单选题The closer one can get to reality, the easier the learning by the student,（） that the necessary knowledge has been given previously to facilitate comprehension.问题1选项A.soB.despiteC.suchD.provided【答案】D【解析】考察连词辨析。

so 因此，despite 尽管，such 如此；provided that “如果，假设”;句意：如果先前已经学习了能够帮助理解的必要知识，那么距离现实越近，学习就会越容易。

选项D符合句意。

3.单选题The Egyptians used to believe that literacy was divine. Scholars no longer ________ that theory, but why ancient civilizations developed writing was a mystery for a long time.问题1选项A.embraceB.involveC.formulateprehend【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. embrace 接受，采纳B. involve 包含，牵涉C. formulate 制订，规划D. comprehend 理解，领悟【考查点】动词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：32

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题At the first glance, a forest appears to be a haphazard collection of trees, shrubs, vines, and flowers.问题1选项A.randomB.totalC.gradedD.synthetic【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

haphazard意为“无秩序的，无计划的”；random“随机的，随意的”；total 意为“总计的，全部的，彻底的”；graded意为“分级的”；synthetic意为“合成的”。

句意：乍一看，森林似乎是树木、灌木、藤蔓的杂乱无章的组合。

2.单选题The final recommendation was that the employee on probation（）a special night class for one semester.问题1选项A.attendB.has attendedC.attendsD.attended【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。

表示“建议、要求、命令”等意思的词相关的从句谓语部分要用should +动词原形，should可以省略，因此选A。

句意：最终的建议是试用期雇员一个学期参见一次特殊夜校学习。

3.单选题Your excuse that an elephant fell on you and made you late is just（）.问题1选项A.inevitableB.incredibleC.indispensableD.incurable【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

inevitable意为“不可避免的”；incredible意为“不能相信的，难以置信的”；indispensable意为“不可或缺的，必不可少的”；incurable意为“无法治愈的”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：51

句意：乍一看，森林似乎是树木、灌木、藤蔓的杂乱无章的组合。

2.单选题Some people think that a（）translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation.问题1选项A.liberalB.literaryC.literalD.linear【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。

liberal意为“自由的”；literary意为“文学的”；literal意为“文字上的，字面的”；linear意为“直线的，线形的”。

由句中的than可知是与a free translation（意译）相比较，翻译一般分为意译与直意，因此选C。

句意：有些人认为直译，或者说逐字逐句的翻译，比意译容易。

3.单选题The odd noises and flashes of light in the empty house completely baffled him.问题1选项A.horrifiedB.surroundedC.perplexedD.surprised【答案】C【解析】考查同义动词辨析。

A选项horrified“惊骇，使……惊悚”；B选项surrounded“包围，围住”；C选项perplexed“困惑，迷茫，惶恐”；D选项surprised“使惊奇，惊讶”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第93期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题At the first glance, a forest appears to be a haphazard collection of trees, shrubs, vines, and flowers.问题1选项A.randomB.totalC.gradedD.synthetic【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

句意：乍一看，森林似乎是树木、灌木、藤蔓的杂乱无章的组合。

2.单选题The directions were so（）that it was impossible to complete the assignment.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous 【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

句意：这些指示太不明确了，以致不可能完成任务。

3.翻译题As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical. Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them. In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not. Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude—not to mention the abundance—that Thanksgiving summons.It is tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isn’t true. This is always a feast about where we are now. Thanksgiving reflects the complexion of the year we’re in. Some years it feels buoyant, almost jubilant in nature. Other years it seems marked by a conspicuous humility uncommon in the calendar of American emotions.And this year? We will probably remember this Thanksgiving as a banquet of mixed emotions. This is, after all, a profoundly American holiday. The undertow of business as usual seems especially strong this year. The shadow of a war and misgivings over the future looms in the minds of many of us. Most years we enjoy the privacy of Thanksgiving, but this year the holiday feels like a reminder for ourselves of what it means to be American.That means giving thanks for some fundamental principles that should be honored every day of the year in the life of this nation—principles of generosity, tolerance and inclusion. This is feast that no one should be turned away from. The welcome we feel makes sense only if we also extend it to others.【答案】【参考译文】在众多的假日中，感恩节可以说是最令人深思的节日。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：84

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The corporation expects only（）increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.问题1选项A.modestB.predictableC.dynamicD.expanding【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项modest“适度的，谦虚的”；B选项predictable“可预言的”；C选项dynamic“动态的，动力的，有活力的”；D选项expanding“扩大的，扩展的”。

句意：尽管用过去一年的时间去努力恢复零售市场，但是公司仅仅期盼业绩（）增长即可。

题干中的despite表转折，因此空格所填单词应该与despite所引导的句子产生的结果相反，正常情况下，付出了努力必然期盼有回报，所以这里应填与increase意思相反的词汇。

因此A选项正确。

liberal意为“自由的”；literary意为“文学的”；literal意为“文字上的，字面的”；linear意为“直线的，线形的”。

由句中的than可知是与a free translation（意译）相比较，翻译一般分为意译与直意，因此选C。

句意：有些人认为直译，或者说逐字逐句的翻译，比意译容易。

3.翻译题Vacations are more necessary now than before because today the average life is less well-rounded and has become increasingly compartmentalized. I suppose the idea of vacations, as we conceive it, must be incomprehensible to primitive peoples. Rest of some kind has of course always been a part of the rhythm of human life, but earlier ages did not find it necessary to organize it in the way that modern man has done, holidays and feast days were sufficient.With modern man’s increasing tensions, with the stultifying (极其单调乏味的) quality of so much of his work, this break in the year’s routine became steadily more necessary. Vacations became mandatory for the purpose of renewal and repair. And so it came about that in the United States, the most self-indulgent of nations, the most tense and compartmentalized, vacations have come to take a predominant place in domestic conversation.【答案】【参考译文】休假比以前任何时候都更有必要，因为如今一般人的生活不再像以前那样丰富多彩，相反却变得越来越单调乏味。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Peer tutoring is an effective way to improve learning for both the tutee and the tutor, and no one doubts the value of this strategy for meeting individual needs within a classroom. However, it takes more than simply pairing off students to make peer tutoring result in improved learning.Although you are likely to use informal tutoring practices in your classroom every day (e.g. asking one student to help another student with a problem), establishing a formalized tutoring program requires more involved planning. The following strategies can help you create and sustain an effective program within your classroom. As with most initiatives, if you can work with your building administrator and other teachers to establish a school-wide tutoring program, you will be able to serve the needs of all students more successfully. Typically, training will be minimal and will include basic instruction in modeling, prompting responses from tutees, using corrective feedback and praise/reinforcement, alternating teaching methods and materials (i.e.., using multisensory methods), and recording and reporting progress. If this is a school-wide initiative, classroom teachers or even parents or paraprofessionals can train students who will tutor as part of an extracurricular service activity.【答案】【参考译文】同伴教学是一种对受教者和施教者的学习都有改进的有效方法，没有人怀疑这种策略在课堂里满足个人需求的价值。

然而，要想让同伴辅导提高学习效果，仅仅把学生配对是不够的。

虽然你可能每天在你的课堂里使用非正式的辅导实践（例如，要一位学生去帮助另一位学生解决问题），但是建立一个正式的辅导课程却需要更复杂的设计。

下面的策略可以帮助您在课堂里创建并维持一个有效的辅导课程。

与大多数的倡议一样，如果您能与大楼管理员和其他教师共同去建立一个全校性的辅导课程，那么您将能够更成功地满足所有学生的需求。

通常，培训是小规模的，并且包括建模的基本指令，提示来自受教者的回应，使用矫正反馈和称赞/强化，交替教学方法和材料（如使用多感官的方式），记录和报告进展。

如果这是一次全校性的倡议，那么将辅导作为部分课外服务活动的课堂老师，甚至家长或辅导专职人员都可以训练学生。

2.单选题Once I was unaware of the critical points involved, my choice would be bound to be relatively ______.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.irrationalC.indispensableD.negligent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项arbitrary“任意的；武断的；专制的”，是由偶然、一时兴起或冲动而非由必然、推理或原则决定的；B选项irrational“不合理的（即与理想状况相比有差距）；无理性的；荒谬的”；C选项indispensable“不可缺少的；绝对必要的；责无旁贷的”；D选项negligent“疏忽的；粗心大意的”。

句意：一旦我不知道其中的关键点，我的选择必然是相对______。

如果不知道关键点，做出选择前心里就不会有一个理想答案，所以选择就会相对随意，所以A选项正确。

3.单选题The original elections were declared（）by the former military ruler.问题1选项A.voidB.vulgarC.surplusD.extravagant【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

void意为“无效的，空的”；vulgar意为“庸俗的，粗俗的，粗野的”；surplus 意为“过剩的”；extravagant意为“奢侈的，挥霍的，过分的”。

句意：最初的选举被先前军事统治统治者宣布无效。

4.单选题The mayor is a woman with great forthrightness and therefore deserves our political and financial support.问题1选项A.intentionB.instinctC.integrityD.intensity【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。

forthrightness意为“坦率，直率”；intention意为“意图，目的”；instinct 意为“本能，天性”；integrity意为“正直，诚实”；intensity意为“强烈”。

句意：市长是一位非常直率的女性，因此值得我们的政治和财政支持。

5.翻译题为了全面实现小康社会，中国政府制定了强有力的平衡、平等发展的计划。

经过多年的努力，中国已经形成政府为主、大家参与的扶贫模式。

中国开发式扶贫工作遵行的是独立自主、全面发展的道路。

这不仅对促进国民经济的持续快速发展、社会稳定、民族团结发挥了重要作用，也为世界的反贫困事业做出了贡献。

我们最终的目标是缓解和消除贫困，实现全体人民的共同富裕。

我们将进一步把减贫作为工作重点，大力推进发展与改革，努力为扶贫创造良好的环境。

【答案】【参考译文】In order to realize a well-off society in an all-round way, the Chinese government has formulated a strong plan for balanced and equitable development. After years of efforts, China has formed a poverty alleviation model dominated by the government and participated by everyone. China’s development oriented poverty alleviation work follows the path of independent and all-round development. This has not only played an important role in promoting the sustained and rapid development of the national economy, social stability and national unity, but also contributed to the world’s anti-poverty cause. Our ultimate goal is to alleviate and eliminate poverty and achieve common prosperity for all people. We will further focus on poverty reduction, vigorously promote development and reform, and strive to create a good environment for poverty alleviation.6.单选题Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are available in grocery stores.问题1选项A.readyB.approachableC.probableD.obtainable【答案】D【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。

A选项ready“准备好的，现成的，迅速的”；B选项approachable“可接近的，可到达的，易理解的”；C选项probable“很可能的，可信的”；D选项obtainable“能得到的，能获得的”。

句意：现成的方便食品可以在杂货店买到。

Available“可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的”，所以D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。

7.单选题It bestows the ability to overcome laziness, temptations and negative habits, and to carry out actions, even if they require effort, are unpleasant and tedious or contrary to one’s habit.问题1选项A.monotonousB.interestingC.entertainingD.equitable【答案】A【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。

A选项monotonous“单调的，千篇一律的，因单调令人厌烦的”；B选项interesting“有趣的，有意思的”；C选项entertaining“令人愉快的，有趣的”；D选项equitable“公平的，公正的”。