高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解主旨大意题专练二__标题归纳类
2021年高考英语二轮复习讲练测阅读理解I 主旨大意题 考点2 概括文章大意讲案(教师版)
2022年高三二轮复习英语精品资料【讲】专题03 阅读理解I主旨大意考点2概括文章大意主旨大意题考点1精确归纳标题考点2概括文章大意考点3总结段落大意【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读要求考生阅读4篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。
题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。
体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主。
考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、篇章结构等题型。
主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概括文章大意和总结段落大意，主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法对文章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题目时要高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向考点2概括文章大意2022年命题解读和近年考点再现1.C【2021天津第一次高考卷】A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.“During the examination children don't move. It works perfectly. It's amazing,“ said Johanne L'Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉）.A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist — was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的)state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from theprocedure that follows.“The technologist must build up a story with the patient," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports? Do you like going to the beach? We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure."Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story — an injection （注射）becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness."The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.50．What is the passage mainly about?A．An easy way to communicate with patients.B．The standard method of conducting hypnosis.C．An introduction of medical-imaging technology.D．The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.【答案】50．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
2020高考英语大二轮复习冲刺经典专题语篇部分专题一阅读理解第3讲主旨大意类教学案
第3讲主旨大意类题型概述题型破解1 寻找主题句确定文章大意解题指导文章由段落组成，段落的中心思想服务于文章的中心思想，因此找到每个段落的主题句，总结概括后便不难得出文章的主旨大意。
一般情况下，段落的主题句通常在该逻辑段落的首尾，但也有些难度较大的试题会隐含在段落之中，此时要理解全文结构，找到支撑性细节内容。
考生速读文首文尾、段首段尾，搜索主题线索及信息便可快速找到主题句，以下为找到主题句的5个小窍门：1.段落中出现表转折的词语(however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子通常为主题句；2.首段出现疑问句时，对该句的回答很可能就是主题句；3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词(主旨句通常包含关键词)；4.首段出现具体例子或假设时，例子或假设后的内容通常为主题句；5.表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore, in short, conclude, conclusion, thus等词。
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e－book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know？” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself，” she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local video－grapher, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first－name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “It's a chance for self－reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.31．What is the text mainly about?A．The trend of having meals alone.B．The importance of self－reflection.C．The stress from working overtime.D．The advantage of wireless technology.解析 A 第一段最后一句，第五段第一句分别是第一段和第五段的主题句，结合全文尤其是第二段的描述及其中反复出现的关键词“eaten alone”，“have breakfast alone”“have lunch by themselves”(一般与主旨相关)，由此可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故答案为A。
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨题小题大做讲义
【高考英语阅读理解主旨题】1.什么是主旨题？主旨大意题说白了就是要求同学们概括文章的主旨或者某个段落的主旨；如果考察某个段落的细节那也是考察文章的主题，因为文章段落也是从属于文章。
2.主旨题的题型分类：①从考察的本质来看，其中分为文章主旨和段落主旨A.文章主旨：要么首段首句或者首段尾句，要么尾段首句或者尾段尾句，要么各个段落段首句串联归纳，要么通过串联题干进行归纳（这是最直接的方法）B.段落主旨：要么从对应段落的段首句，要么从对应段落的段末句，要么通过上面提及的串联题干的方法，最后一招就是从文章的感情色彩进行判断（这是一种冒险的方法，慎用！）②从考察的形式来看，其中分为主旨类题目，写作目的类，标题归纳类A.主旨类题目。
一般情况下信号词里面有mainly about/discuss, mainly/chiefly/primarily concerned with,main /best ideaB.写作目的类题目。
一般情况下信号词里面有main purpose, is meant to,intends toC.标题归纳类题目。
一般情况下信号词里面有the best title3.主旨题解题方法论（1）段落主旨：（2）文章主旨：（3）标题归纳类【高考英语阅读理解主旨题小题大做】（1）篇章主旨题1.解题技法：①关键位置突破法：A.题干：我们可以把题干串联然后归纳主题词B.首段：我们可以通过首段的行文逻辑找出段落主题句，比如说首段首句是一个疑问句，然后后面是一个陈述句，那么这个句子极大可能是个主题句C.各段段首句：我们可以通过圈画各个段落的段首句的关键词，然后串联起来，提取主题词或者文章主旨句D.末段：同样地，我们可以通过末段的行文逻辑找出主题句，一般情况下在末段的文章主旨句都会带有信号词，比如说：in fact, after a while, consequently,last but not the least, what’s more, as a result,to conclude, in a conclusion等等总结性词汇②行文逻辑推导法：A.转折：一般情况下转折的行文逻辑带有信号词：however,but,instead, by contrast, paratively, as a matter of fact, actuallyB.因果：一般情况下因果关系的行文逻辑带有信号词therefore, thus, in short, conclude,to be a conclusion, as a result, particularly③词汇复现推导法。
2020年高考二轮复习：主旨大意题专练(2)
主旨大意题专练(二)——标题归纳类A(2018·青岛市高三统一质量检测) Four days after Dad's 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. He was lucky —he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone.My husband and I asked Dad to live with us on our small farm, hoping the fresh air would help him adjust. Within a week after he moved in, I regretted the invitation. He criticized everything I did. I became frustrated.One day I read an article about a nursing home. Several depressed patients' attitudes had improved dramatically when they were given dogs. So, I drove to the animal shelter that afternoon. As soon as I got there, a pointer's (指示犬) eyes caught my attention. They watched me calmly.A staff member said, “He got here two weeks ago and we've heard nothin g. His time is up tomorrow.” I turned to the man in horror. “You mean you're going to kill him？”“Ma'am，” he said gently. “We don't have room for every unclaimed dog.”The pointer's calm brown eyes awaited my decision. “I'll take him，” I said.Glancing at the dog, Dad wrinkled his face and turned back toward the house. Then, suddenly, the pointer pulled free from my grasp. He sat down in front of Dad. Dad's anger melted, and soon he was hugging the animal.It was the beginning of a warm friendship. Dad named the pointer Cheyenne. Together they spent long hours walking down dusty lanes and relaxing on the banks of streams.Dad's bitterness faded, and he and Cheyenne went on to make many friends. Then, late one night two years later, I felt Cheyenne's cold nose searching through my bed covers. He had never come into our bedroom before at night. I ran into my father's room and found that he had passed away.Two days later, my shock and grief deepened when I discovered Cheyenne lying dead beside Dad's bed. As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dad's peace of mind.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
新教材适用2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第4讲题型破解__主旨大意
考点3 段落大意题辨明题类段落大意题主要考查文章某一段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。
考生要用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。
设问形式常有：(1)What is the first paragraph mainly about?(2)What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?(3)What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?技法点拨1．定位段落主题句，做到首尾兼顾做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。
一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下判断主旨，其准确性更高。
2．通过暗示揣摩段落大意有时，作者不直接写出主题句，而是通过情感态度等方法暗示性地体现主题，此时要根据文中所叙述的事实和线索综合判断去揣摩并概括出段落大意。
真题体验(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷D)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect．The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate．This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same．Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate．When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate．If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out．In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent．If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down．But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon．The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number ofindependent individuals．For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals．In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion．Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn't the dominant response．Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”．Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error．Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous．32．What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about？A．The methods of estimation．B．The underlying logic of the effect．C．The causes of people's errors．D．The design of Galton's experiment．【解题示范】第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词：Paragraph 2，快速将解题信息定位到文章的第二段；第二步：根据段落的内容，分析选项，判断概括准确的选项：根据“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same．Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate．When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate．If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out．In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent．If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down．(这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。
专题 阅读理解主旨大意题---2023年高考英语二轮复习专题
recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
新教材适用2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解专题模拟训练主旨大意类
主旨大意类A(2023·湖南省岳阳市高三二模)At all hours of the day, white-aproned bakers occupy themselves in working in the Hot Bread Kitchen, throwing flour across butcher-block tables, filling metal trays with hand-shaped bread, and shifting steaming, fresh bread to cooling shelves．The only bodies at rest in this New York City bakery are pans with bread, waiting to be sent into the oven．The skilled bakers turn out around 25 varieties ranging from classic French baguettes to crisp Armenian lavash crackers—which they sell at farmers' markets and gourmet stores．But Hot Bread Kitchen is more than a bakery: It's a nonprofit designed to give foreign-born women the skills and support they need to establish careers in the culinary arts．Overseeing daily operation of the place—and often rolling up her own shirt sleeves to involve in—is 35-year-old founder and CEO Jessamyn Rodriguez．By mixing her lifelong passion for society with great food, Rodriguez says she has created her dream job．In 2008, Rodriguez launched the bakery in the small Brooklyn apartment she shared with roommates, hiring two immigrant women as her first bakers．“I was definitely breaking new ground, and we faced a lot of skeptics，” she says of those early days．“But for every person who questioned it, there were five people who were interested in supporting us．” Today, Hot Bread Kitchen employs a staff of 35 and occupies a nearly 5,000-square-foot space in La Marqueta, a public market in East Harlem．The women who bake and package Hot Bread Kitchen's offerings range in age from 21 to 60．Coming from lands such as Haiti, Nepal, and the Dominican Republic, some have lived in the U．S．for as little as a year．Others, including production manager Antonia Garcia, who is originally from Mexico, have called America home for more than a decade．These women's diverse homelands are reflected in many of the bakery's products, like heritage tortillas and the wildly popular m'smen, a buttery bread．The program has far surpassed Rodriguez's original hopes．Since its humble beginnings, Hot Bread Kitchen has trained 27 women from 12 countries．They receive paid, on-the-job experience, as well as courses in bakery sciences, and English as part of a yearlong training program．1．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about？A．Constant activity of skilled workers．B．Varieties of fresh baked goods．C．Many different types of equipment used in bakeries．D．Difficult working conditions of bakery employees．2．Which of the following can best describe Jessamyn Rodriguez？A．Adventurous and modest．B．Ambitious and gifted．C．Hard-working and courageous．D．Devoted and stubborn．3．How does the author establish the diversity of Hot Bread Kitchen？A．By describing the courses offered to employees．B．By introducing the backgrounds of the employees．C．By describing the bakery's location at La Marqueta．D．By introducing the bakery's development since 2008．4．What is the main idea of the article？A．Employees from diverse homelands produce various products．B．The hardworking women have helped Hot Bread Kitchen develop quickly．C．Rodriguez became a successful baker after establishing Hot Bread Kitchen．D．Hot Bread Kitchen provides professional opportunities for immigrant women．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第二部分第三讲理解主旨要义__主旨大意题课件
01
提炼加工明主旨
02
真题示例悉考向
03
跟踪训练提知能
【考查特点】 Ⅰ.把握主旨大意题常见的命题方式： (1)What would be the best title for the text？/What is the topic of the text? (2)The main idea/The general idea/The main theme of this passage is ________． (3)The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on ________． (4)What is mainly discussed in the text? (5)What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph? (6)Which of the following statements is best supported by the text? (7)The passage mainly focuses on ________．
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅲ·B)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
高考英语二轮考点复习讲义阅读理解主旨大意题解题指导.doc
2013高考英语二轮考点复习讲义：阅读理解主旨大意题解题指导庖丁解牛］在高考阅读理解中，主题大意题的考查占有十分重要的位苴。
掌握所读材料的主旨和大意也杲《英语课程标准》和《考试说明》对若生的基本要求之一。
只有通过阅读拿握了文章的主题，才能正确理解文章，进而根据文章的事实细节推测作者的态度和观点。
主旨大意题旨在考杳考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，亦即考杳考生的归纳概括能力。
这类试题包括要求若生选出短文的标题［title headlixj、短文或段落的主题fsubiect）、中心思想（main idea〕等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度的概括或总结，属于高层次题。
例1 （2012全国卷I）Honeyfrom the African forest is not only a kind of na?.iral sugar： k is also dejcious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it However： the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees* nest（M）aiid take the honey from it Often, these nests ai e high up in trees： and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually 1 ike honey, but it does 1 ike the wax（蜂蜡）in the beehives （蜂房）.The little bird cannot reach this max, which is deep inside the bee' s nest・ So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attcntion of both passing animals and people. Once it has their 3ttenlion, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person ad it leads them to the nest. When they final ly arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches・ Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distanee away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit. 59. What can be the best title for the text?A.Wild BeesB.Wax and HoneyC.Beekeeping in Africa D・ Honey-LoveF s Helper［点拨］D短文谈的是可以帮助寻蜜者寻找蜂蜜的鸟类，最佳标题M该是D选项。
专题1 阅读理解：主旨大意题-高考英语二轮复习
• (1)掌握部分的俚语习语有助于正确选择标题。
• (2)以偏概全、大而化之、张冠李戴不可有。
1. 标题提炼题——寻根溯源 画龙点睛
2020年全国Ⅱ卷·35
I have a special place in my heart for libraries… while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions…
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
2020年高考英语二轮复习专题1阅读理解 (4)主旨大意题
high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us. ”
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways. ”
【典例】 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ·B)
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers, ” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练(一)标题归纳类(2021学年)
2０1８届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练(一）标题归纳类编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望(２０1８届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练(一）标题归纳类）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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阅读理解主旨大意题专练（一) 标题归纳类A(2０17·安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)Suｓan Browｎell Anthｏny wａｓ a laｄｙ aｈead of heｒtiｍe. She fought f ｏr women’s rights long bｅfｏre ｔhｅy becaｍｅ a popuｌar iｓｓuｅ。
Ｓuｓan wａs ｂorn on February １5,1８20, iｎ Adaｍｓ, Maｓsａchusetts。
Ａt that time，women ｈａｄ feｗｒighｔs。
They cｏuld nｏt owｎ prｏperｔy．Money eaｒned by ａmarｒied woman beｌｏngｅd ｔｏｈeｒ husband．Ｍajor dｅciｓions ｒｅgardinｇ children were ｍaｄe bｙｔhe fａｔｈers. Womeｎｃoｕｌd noｔｖot ｅ．At ｔhｅ age of 15，Ｓｕsaｎｂecame a schoolteacｈeｒ．Ｓhe tauｇht ｆｏr 15 yeaｒs. Then she bｅgan organizｉng woｍeｎ's groups to promote ｃausｅｓ thａt were ｉｍｐorｔａｎt to women。
高考英语大二轮第二板块阅读理解与阅读七选五专题一阅读理解第二部分题型应对探究第3讲主旨大意题
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้小。
3.移花接木，偷换 所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于 A 的内容放在
3.精确性强，
概念
B 上，若不留神，极易选错答案。
不会改变语 言表意的程 度及色彩。
所给选项的关键词语虽然在文章中谈到了，但经过 4.无中生有，生搬
仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的内容 硬套
毫无联系。
12/9/2021
[分类例析·通技法]
12/9/2021
“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone ， but together ， you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book.Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.
2．反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来 的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排除不符选项；
3．研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、 结构、概括性等。
12/9/2021
◆[典例](2019·全国卷Ⅱ，阅读 D)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms( 微 生 物 )from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station ， so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？It's turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms，like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.
2023高考英语二轮专题复习：主旨大意题__辨主干细加工课件
项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系
专题一 阅读理解
——破解主旨大意题的三大类型—— 类型1 标题归纳题 标题归纳题要求在理解文章的基础上，结合文章的体裁和结构，从所给选项 中选出适合文章的标题。注意最佳标题的特点：精准性强(不改变原文的意义 和感情色彩)，覆盖性强(能概括全文并体现文章的主旨)
理解标题的3大特点
Drones are already being used to examine hightension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected，the more railway safety，reliability and
一、了解题型特点与设问方式
[命题解读] 1．主旨大意题考查的是对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求在充分理解全文的 前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题分为标 题归纳类和文章大意类。
专题一 阅读理解
2．标题归纳类要求学生选出文章的最佳标题，文章大意类(内容)考查文章或 段落的主旨大意。 [题型特点] 1．把握主旨大意题常见的设问方式。 The best title for the passage is________． Which of the following is the best title for the passage? The passage is mainly about________． What is the text mainly about? The main idea of the second paragraph probably is________． What is the first paragraph mainly about?
高三二轮专题复习英语检测题 主旨大意题——标题归纳类
主旨大意题——标题归纳类AThe World Health Organization reports cancer is on the increase around the world. But it says preventive measures can save the lives of millions of cancer sufferers over the next 10 years.Since 2010, nearly every country in the world has seen an increase in the number of cancer patients. The World Health Organization, WHO, reports one in six people will develop cancer in their lifetime. At least 10 million people will die from the disease every year.If the current trend continues, WHO warns, new cancer cases will rise by 60 percent by the year 2040. In low-and middle-income countries, they will rise by more than 80 percent.Andre Ilbawi is WHO's technical officer in cancer control. He says more people are dying from cancer in poorer countries because they lack the services and cancer control measures that richer countries have.Ilbawi said that controlling the disease does not have to cost a lot. The WHO report, he explained, shows that by investing in cancer services, governments can save 7 million lives by 2030. “And that is at the cost of $2.70 per person in low-income countries and $8.15 per person in upper middle-income countries，” Ilbawi said.WHO says cancer does not have to be a death sentence.Elisabete Weiderpass is the director of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. She says there have been great improvements in research on cancer prevention and treatment. These measures are successfully keeping many people alive who otherwise would have died.Weiderpass said that preventive policies can work in powerful ways to reduce not only cancer numbers and death rates, but also the social and economic inequality (不平等) in cancer cases.In its report, WHO describes a series of measures proven to help in preventing new cancer cases. For example, it notes that tobacco-related diseases are responsible for 25 percent of cancer deaths. Deciding not to smoke, it says, can save billions of dollars and millions of lives.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
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主旨大意题专练(二)——标题归纳类A[2019·成都第三次诊断]For the past two years I have been travelling and living abroad. Home has become more of a feeling than a place. I feel at home when I am with my family in London, but I also feel at home in Italy with friends I love. Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows. It is more complicated than that.This is one of the reasons that celebrating the new year has become very important for me. I do not care about “New Year's resolutions (新年计划)”— living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life, so I don't feel the need to plan for change: I live for change.New Year's Eve has become my time to reconnect with the friends, which makes me feel at home. Every year we try to reunite wherever we are, and remember the time when we knew each other so well that we felt like a family. It is a moment to reconnect and get to know each other again. Last year, we travelled to a cottage in Ireland where we had no Internet and no neighbours. In the middle of the countryside, away from our constantly changing lives, we were able to become like a little family again.This year, we went to Barcelona. It was a very big change. We were surrounded by culture and life and joy. There were bars and parties. It was different, but one thing stayed very much the same — I felt at home again and we felt like a family again.A lot of people feel that New Year's Eve cannot live up to expectations. Ideas such as the “New Year's kiss” and “resolutions” create a lot of pressure for people to have a night to remember, a night that will change their lives and perhaps make the next year worth living. I think those people are missing the point. Why can't New Year be about friends?体裁：夹叙夹议文题材：个人经历主题：如何庆祝新年【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
过去两年作者在国外旅游、生活，作者认为家不只是一个地方，而是一种感觉；新年是和家人、朋友团聚的时刻，作者经常通过和朋友们一起旅游来庆祝新年。
【难句分析】I do not care about “New Year's resolutions (新年计划)”—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and howI will live my life, so I don't feel the need to plan for change: I live for change.分析：句中what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life为and 连接的两个宾语从句，作reconsider的宾语；so I don't feel the need to plan for change：I live for change为so引导的结果状语从句。
译文：我不在意新年计划——生活在国外不断让我重新考虑我想成为什么样的人，我将如何生活，所以我觉得没有必要为改变做计划：我为改变而活。
1．What does the underlined word“It” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A．Family. B．Living abroad.C．Home. D．Staying with friends.答案与解析：C 考查代词指代。
根据第一段倒数第二句“Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows”可知，家不再是一幅有前门和一些窗户的房子的图画；结合画线词所在句“It is more complicated than that”可知，该句的主语It指代前一句中的“Home”，故选C项。
2．Why doesn't the author care about “New Year's resolutions”？A．New Year's resolutions cannot be reached.B．His lifestyle makes him always ready for change.C．It's meaningless to make any big changes in life.D．Making New Year's resolutions creates much pressure.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。
根据第二段第二句“I do not care about‘New Year's resolutions (新年计划)’—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life, so I don't feel the need to plan for change：I live for change”可知，作者的生活不断变化，所以他认为没有必要在意新年计划，故选B项。
3．What does the author try to convey through his experiences in Ireland and Barcelona?A．Life is peaceful and enjoyable.B．Living abroad is a happy experience.C．Staying with friends makes one feel at home.D．Travelling abroad enriches one's life experience.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。
根据第三段尾句“In the middl e of the countryside, away from our constantly changing lives, we were able to become like a little family again”可知，和朋友待在乡村的中心，远离不断变化的生活，作者找到了家的感觉；根据第四段尾句“It was different, but one thing stayed very much the same —I felt at home again and we felt like a f amily again”可知，作者和朋友们在一起，感觉又回到了家，感觉又像一家人了。
据此可知，文章中提及作者和朋友在爱尔兰和巴塞罗那的经历旨在说明和朋友待在一起能让人找到家的感觉，故选C项。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．New Year's Celebration: How?B．True Friendship: What?C．Living Abroad: Comfortable or Complicated?D．Change：Plan it or Make it?答案与解析：A 考查标题归纳。
通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者由于常年旅居在国外，对于庆祝新年和新年计划有着不同的思考：有朋友的地方就有家的感觉，变化着的生活不需要新年计划，故A项最适合作文章标题。
B[2019·河南省高考适应性测试]Every year between May and September, all 54 employees of Basecamp, a Chicagobased web application company, have a short work week: just four days － a total of 32 hours. Also, they usually work five days a week for the rest of the year.“That's plenty of time to get great work done. This is all we expect and all we want from people，” says Jason Fried, a cofounder. “Working 50，60，or 70plus hours is unnecessary. In fact, if you have to work 50，60， or70plus hours a week, there's a management problem.”The company's summer workload must fit reduced hours, Mr. Fried insists, otherwise the benefits of a shorter week — to recover from work, enjoy time with family and pursue (追求) outside interests — would be undone.His new research finds that it is not just long hours that are harmfulto employees' physical and mental health. It is also the intensity (强度) of work. Moreover, it suggests that intense work harms career prospects. That is because unbearable hours and intensity are in the opposite direction, reducing the qualityof the work.The research concludes that the level of intensity we apply to the work we do is generally “a stronger predictor of unfavorable outcomes than overtime work”．The research compared people of similar jobs and education levels, and found they were more likely to suffer poorer happiness and worse career prospects,including satisfaction, security and promotion, when they worked at an intense level for long periods.体裁：说明文题材：社会文化主题：较短的工作周的好处【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，以一家总部位于芝加哥的网络应用公司Basecamp的54名员工将近半年时间每周只工作4天，共32小时的情况为例说明了较短的工作周有益于人们的身心健康，并以一项研究来证明。