人教版高中英语选择性必修第3册课时作业 UNIT 3 Period 2

UNIT 3 Period Two
题组A 基础练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Lily’s grandfather ________(know) for his skills in surgery is quite popular in the city.
2．The child was forced ________(leave) school to support his family in his early days of life.
3．The old man was walking up and down along the road ________ search of his lost keys.
4．In this ________(harmony) village, all the villagers are kind and helpful to each other.
5．Many people ________(undergo) the frightening moment as the earth was shaking.
6．As electricity was cut off, the whole city was ________ chaos.
7．The advertisements are broadcast day and night, ________(aim) to persuade people to buy their products.
8．Mike told his parents that he ________(lose) his mobile phone on his way home from school.
9．Mary told me ________ she would pay a visit to China with her parents next month.
10．Our teacher told us that the moon ________(turn) around the
earth.
【答案】1．known 2．to leave 3．in 4．harmonious 5．underwent 6．in 7．aiming 8．had lost 9．that 10．turns
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．___________________ the increasing number of children, the city government has decided to set up another school in the city.
为了应对孩子数量的增加，市政府决定在市区再建一所学校。

2．We should ________________ to study hard and learn more knowledge.
我们要抓住这个机会努力学习，争取多学知识。

3．We won’t ________________ our failure.
我们是不会甘心失败的。

4．Many people ________________ this kind of food.
许多人对这种食物过敏。

5．It was his pride that ________________ his failure in the examination.
是他的骄傲自满导致了他在考试中的失败。

【答案】1．In response to
2．seize the opportunity/chance
3．submit to
4．are sensitive to
5．led to/resulted in/brought about
Ⅲ．微写作
人类在工作和生活中，通过燃烧化石燃料来获得能量。

大量的温室气
体就被排放到空中。

越来越多的温室气体导致地球温度的不断上升。

不断上升的温度给地球及地球上的生物造成了极大的损害，导致生态环境的不平衡。

保护地球是我们每个人的责任。

我们应当立即行动起来，在我们的生活和工作中尽量地减少温室气体的排放。

________________
One possible version：
In our life and work, we burn fossil fuels for energy. Large amounts of greenhouse gases are released into the air. More and more greenhouse gases cause the earth’s temperature to keep rising. The rising temperature has brought about great damage to the earth and its living things, resulting in the imbalance of the ecological environment. It is our responsibility to protect the planet. We should take immediate actions to minimize greenhouse gas emissions in our lives and work.
题组B 提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
There are around 6,000 living languages in the world－and at least half of these are in danger. In every part of the world, languages are disappearing. In fact, one scientist has said that languages are in more danger of eammals. Professor Steve Sutherland of the University of East Anglia says that in the past 500 years 4．5 percent of languages have died out —compared with 1．3 percent of birds, and 1．9 percent of mammals.
Languages come and go, and thousands have done exactly that without leaving any trace. Only a very few —Basque, Greek and Latin among them－have lasted more than 2,000 years. But it seems that the pace of their disappearance is becoming quicker.
The Ethnologue, a database of all the languages spoken in the world, states that 417 languages are spoken by so few people that they are in the final stages of becoming extinct. If very few people speak a language, it will probably die out.
Languages may be lost through migration (迁移), as people move from small towns to city centers, or when environments are destroyed by the search for oil or wood. Natural disasters can also devastate populations, and along with them, their language. Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages. The need to establish “official languages”， for a country to educate its children and carry out its business, had a disastrous effect on many small languages.
What is lost if a language is lost? Some people argue that languages die as the human race develops. Obviously there could be great benefits if everyone in the world spoke the same language －some industries already reflect this, with English essential for pilots and air traffic controllers. But there are more important things than convenience. As languages are lost, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them.
To put it simply, language eething about identity, about our
place in the world. Ani Rauhihi, a Maori teacher in New Zealand’s North Island, sums it up, “If you grow up speaking our language, you won’t know who you are. ”
1．The figures mentioned in the first paragraph suggest that________.
A．most languages have died out completely
B．languages are in great danger of eals are disappearing faster than languages
D．languages are disappearing slower than before
2．The underlined word “devastate” can best be replaced by “________”.
A．increase B．control
C．destroy D．improve
3．If a language is lost, ________.
A．there will be great trouble
B．there is no need to worry about it
C．its culture and knowledge will also be lost
D．people will be able to communicate with others conveniently 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Languages reflect our identity.
B．People will speak the same language one day.
C．Fewer people will remember their own languages.
D．Ani Rauhihi cares less about languages dying out.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。

文章主要介绍了语言不断消失的现象以
及导致语言消失的原因。

1．B 推理判断题。

由第一段可知，东安格利亚大学的史蒂夫·萨瑟兰教授说，在过去500年中，有4．5%的语言已经灭绝，而鸟类和哺乳动物的灭绝比例分别为1．3%和1．9%。

所以通过数字的对比可以判断出，第一段列的数字就是为了说明科学家Steve Sutherland的观点：语言比鸟类和哺乳动物更有灭绝的危险，也就是语言正处于灭绝的危险之中。

故选B项。

2．C 词义猜测题。

由第四段中可知，当人们从小城镇迁移到城市中心，或者当环境因寻找石油或木材而被破坏时，语言可能会在迁移过程中消失。

紧接着说自然灾害也会毁灭人口，以及他们的语言，所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，devastate意为“毁灭”。

故选C项。

3．C 细节理解题。

由倒数第二段中可知，随着语言的消失，与之相应的生活方式和知识也会消失。

所以如果一种语言消失了，它的文化和知识也将消失。

故选C项。

4．A 推理判断题。

由最后一段中的可知，简单地说，语言表达了身份，表达了我们在世界上的位置。

由此可判断出语言反映了我们的身份。

故选A项。

Ⅱ．七选五
People all have good days and bad days. And some of the bad days happen due to events beyond your control. __1__ One way to increase the possibility that you have a good day is to join in “gratification(喜悦)” activities which you enjoy and you’re good at.
__2__ However, if you don’t have the type of job, you can take
part in other activities and find the same result.
__3__ There are many little pleasures you can add to your life, such as tea, a warm bath, a walk in the park and so on. As long as you enjoy them, they can really brighten you every day. Laughter is also part of having a good day. That’s why it’s important to do what you can to create joy for you. __4__ After all, if you are humorous, you can more easily center on fun things.
If you don’t have much time, one way can be used during a stressful day. __5__ You should achieve this by making your plan flexible and checking that everything in your plan is necessary. Being busy is okay, but wasting time and energy on too many unnecessary things can just lead to stress.
A．Often, bad days come from overweight stress.
B．Some people experience joy and happiness at work.
C．Good moods enable us to notice more chances.
D．Life’s pleasures are also able to add a quick lift to your mood.
E．However, people do have power in creating better days.
F．So it’s important－especially if you’re a busy person －to stay balanced.
G．Besides, developing a sense of humor also helps you have a good day.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。

每个人都有好日子和坏日子。

文章主要介绍了怎么才能增加好日子的方法。

1．E 根据前句“And some of the bad days happen due to events beyond your control. ”和后面的内容可知，有些糟糕的日子是由于你无法控制的事情而发生的。

空格后阐述增加你拥有美好一天的一种方法是参加“喜悦”活动，这是你喜欢并擅长的活动。

因此推断这里发生了转折，E项“然而，人们确实有能力创造更美好的日子。

”符合语境。

故选E项。

2．B 根据后句“However, if you don’t have the type of job, you can take part in other activities and find the same result. ”可知，然而，如果你没有这类工作，你可以参加其他活动，并找到同样的结果。

因此推断有些人在工作中体验快乐和幸福。

故选B项。

3．D 根据后句“There are many little pleasures you can add to your life, such as tea, a warm bath, a walk in the park and so on. ”可知，你可以给你的生活增添许多小乐趣，比如喝茶、洗个热水澡、在公园里散步等等。

这里主要讲述生活中的乐趣。

因此生活中的乐趣也能快速提升你的情绪。

故选D项。

4．G 根据后句“After all, if you are humorous, you can more easily center on fun things. ”可知，如果你是幽默的，你可以更容易集中在有趣的事情。

因此培养幽默感也有助于你度过美好的一天。

故选G项。

5．F 根据前句“If you don’t have much time, one way can be used during a stressful day. ”抓住关键词“don’t have much time”可知，如果你没有太多的时间，有一种方法可以在压力很大的一天里使用。

所以这很重要——尤其是如果你是个忙碌的人——保持平衡。

故选F项。

Ⅲ．语法填空
Most rainforests lie close to the equator, where the climate
is often mild and there 1．________ (be) long hours of sunshine. The warmth of the land heats the air above, causing it to rise and tiny drops of water 2．________ (fall) as rain. The rainfall can reach at least 98 inches a year. This wet, warm world with plenty of sunlight is perfect for plants to grow, so the trees grow fast with green leaves all the year round. The trees 3．________ (they) also have an effect on the climate. They gather water from the soil and pass it out into the air through their leaves. The wet air then forms clouds, 4．________ hang over the treetops like smoke. These clouds protect the forest 5．________ the daytime heat and night －time cold of nearby deserts, 6．________ (keep) temperatures fit for plant growth.
The rainforest is the ideal place for the growth of a wide 7．________ (vary) of trees. Most of them depend on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds. When the fruits 8．________ (eat), the seeds inside them go undamaged through 9．________ (animal) stomachs and are passed out in their droppings.
10．________ seeds lying on the forest floor then grow into new trees.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了热带雨林的相关情况。

1．are 分析句子结构可知此处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据前面的is可判断为一般现在时，主语“long hours of sunshine”是复数，故用are。

2．to fall 此处考查短语cause sb. to do sth. ，意为“造成某
人做某事”。

故填to fall。

3．themselves 句意：这些树本身对气候有影响。

结合句意可知，此处用反身代词符合语境。

故填themselves。

4．which 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词clouds在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词。

故填which。

5．from 短语protect…from…“保护……免于……”。

故填from。

6．keeping 句中已有谓语动词protect，故此处用非谓语动词，clouds和keep是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。

故填keeping。

7．variety 短语a wide variety of意为“大量的”。

故填variety。

8．are eaten 分析句子结构可知，此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据go判断为一般现在时，又因为主语fruit和eat之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语fruits是复数。

故填are eaten。

9．animals’句意：当水果被吃时，他们里面的种子能够毫发无损的从动物的胃里通过，并从它们的粪便排出。

分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词所有格后接stomach，再结合句意可知此处应表示动物的。

故填animals’。

10．The 结合上下文可知，此处特指前文提到的“从粪便里排出”的种子，是特指。

故填The。