外语教学法自考题-19

外语教学法自考题-19
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、{{B}}Ⅰ.Multiple Choice{{/B}}(总题数：20，分数：20.00)
1.The acculturation theory originated in the late 1970s and was put forward by ______.
∙ A. J.Schumann and R.Anderson
∙ B. S.Krashen and J.Schumann
∙ C. R.Anderson and Ｅ.Hatch
∙ D. S.Krashen and Ｅ.Hatch
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 文化适应理论的代表人物是J.Schumann和R.Anderson。

2.Designing ______ tasks is one of the ways to establish favorable classroom climate in the Direct Method, including map drawing, identifying pictures, following instructions, and detecting mistakes and so on.
∙ A. listening
∙ B. speaking
∙ C. reading
∙ D. writing
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 设计听力理解是直接法中营造良好课堂氛围的一个方式，包括画地图、辨别图片、听从指示以及辨别错误等等练习活动。

3.Separation of language skills into listening, speaking, reading and writing, with emphasis on the teaching of listening and speaking before reading and writing is a distinctive characteristic of the ______.
∙ A. Silent way
∙ B. Community Language Learning
∙ C. Oral Approach
∙ D. Audiolingual Method
（分数：1.00）
A.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 听说法的一个显著特征是将语言技巧分为听、说、读、写四个部分，并且强调听说教学先于读写教学。

4.______ believes that learning is most effectively achieved when children are encouraged to engage in guided discovery.
∙ A. J.Piaget
∙ B. J.H.Bruner
∙ C. Ｄ.Ausubel
∙ D. Noam Chomsky
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] Bruner的重要观点是鼓励孩子进行有指导的发现学习(guided discovery)是最有效的学习。

5.In a Natural Approach classroom, acquisition activities can be an excellent environment for ______.
∙ A. beginners
∙ B. intermediates
∙ C. advanced learners
∙ D. all of the above
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 自然法课堂中的习得活动可以为初学者提供一个最好的学习环境，因为其认为中高级水平的学习者可以在真实交际场合获得语言输入。

6.______ made the distinction between appropriacy and accuracy, communicative competence and grammatical competence.
∙ A. Ｄ.Hymes
∙ B. H.Widdowson
∙ C. G.Kelly
∙ D. Ｄ.Nunan
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
解析：[解析] H.Widdowson对合适度与准确度的区分、交际能力和语法能力的区分为交际教学法提供了必要的理论支持。

7.The theory of language underlying the Grammar—Translation Method was derived from ______.
∙ A. Comparative Historical Linguistics
∙ B. Cognitive Linguistics
∙ C. Behavioral Linguistics
∙ D. Structural Linguistics
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 语法翻译法背后的语言原理来自比较历史学(Comparative Historical Linguistics)。

8.There is ______ use of the target language in the Grammar-Translation Method.
∙ A. little
∙ B. a lot of
∙ C. some
∙ D. no
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 语法翻译法极少使用目标语。

9.Drill is the center of practice in ______.
∙ A. the Audiolingual Method
∙ B. the Cognitive Approach
∙ C. the Grammar-Translation Method
∙ D. the Communicative Approach
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 听说法训练语言的核心方法是操练。

10.With regard to ______, the teacher gives students a certain kind of sentence, an affirmative sentence and ask students to change the sentence into other forms.
∙ A. expansion drill
∙ B. clause combination drill
∙ C. backward build-up drill
∙ D. transformation drill
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 听说法有多种操练练习。

根据本题的描述学生将句型进行转换，属于转换操练练习(Transformation Drill)。

11.The input hypothesis claims that the best way to teach speaking is to focus on ______.
∙ A. listening and reading
∙ B. listening and speaking
∙ C. reading and writing
∙ D. reading and speaking
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 输入假设认为口语教学的最好的方式就是将重心放在语言输入的活动上，即听力和阅读。

12.______ are the ones whose purpose is for the students to learn something new other than language.
∙ A. Affective-humanistic activities
∙ B. Problem-solving activities
∙ C. Games
∙ D. Content activities
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 此题考查自然法习得活动的四种类型中内容活动(content activities)的概念，即让学生学习语言之外的知识。

13.The generative-transformational school of linguistics emerged through the influence of ______.
∙ A. Noam Chomsky
∙ B. J.Piaget
∙ C. Ｄ.Ausubel
∙ D. J.Ｂ.Bruner
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 转换生成语法的鼻祖人物是Noam Chomsky。

14.______ was developed by a Bulgarian psychiatrist Lazanov.
∙ A. Total Physical Response
∙ B. The Silent Way
∙ C. Community Language Learning
∙ D. Suggestopaedia
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 此题为识记题。

暗示法的创始人是保加利亚的精神病专家Lazanov。

15.The ______ of discourse means what is happening, including what is being talked about.
∙ A. field
∙ B. tenor
∙ C. genre
∙ D. mode
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] Halliday提出语域由语场(field)、语旨(tenor)和语式(mode)三方面的因素组成。

此题考查语场的概念。

16.The habit-formation theory comes from ______.
∙ A. cognitive psychology
∙ B. psychoanalysis
∙ C. behavioral psychology
∙ D. Gestalt psychology
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 习惯一形成原理来自行为心理学。

17.The way to make students as relaxed and comfortable as possible and to provide easy chairs, soft lighting and music belongs to ______.
∙ A. the Silent Way
∙ B. Suggestopaedia
∙ C. Community Language Learning
∙ D. Total Physical Response
（分数：1.00）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 暗示法教学法要求通过提供一些舒适的椅子、柔和的灯光和音乐，让学生尽可能地处于放松和舒服的状态，旨在消除语言习得中的焦虑现象，从而促进习得过程。

18.Skinner argued that learning processes could be divided into two kinds ______ and ______.
∙ A. classical conditioning, operant conditioning
∙ B. stimulus, response
∙ C. assimilation, accommodation
∙ D. assimilation, dissimulation
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] Skinner将学习过程划分为两种不同的条件反射，一种是经典条件反射(classical conditioning)，另一种是操作性条件反射(operant conditioning)。

19.The Dual Activity Method, proposed by ______, puts foreign language teaching in a
macro-communicative framework and specifies six duality.
∙ A. Wang Cairen
∙ B. Zhang Sizhong
∙ C. Zhang Jianzhong
∙ D. Hao Youming
（分数：1.00）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 双重活动教学法(DAM)是由我国著名英语教育专家王才仁提出的教学法。

20.The ______ uses random volunteered group responses, which place little demand on the individual student but allow early use of the target language.
∙ A. Oral Approach
∙ B. Community Language Learning
∙ C. Natural Approach
∙ D. Direct Method
（分数：1.00）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 自然法鼓励学生回答问题为随意的自愿的集体回应方式，从而减轻单个学生的压力，同时促进学生尽快使用目标语。

二、{{B}}Ⅱ.Filling Blanks{{/B}}(总题数：20，分数：20.00)
21.According to Schumann, 1 distance is created by the relations between the learner and members of the target social group.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：social）
解析：[解析] Schumann是文化适应理论的代表，文化适应成功的程度与社会距离(social distance)和心理距离(psychological distance)有关。

其中，社会距离由学习者与目标语社会群里的关系决定。

22.According to Grammar-Translation Method, the core of language is 1.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：grammar）
解析：[解析] 语法翻译法认为语言的核心是语法(grammar)。

23.The theory of learning underlying the Direct Method includes that language and the 1 world are directly associated.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：physical）
解析：[解析] 直接法的学习理论中认为语言和物质世界是直接联系的。

24. 1 is an exercise frequently used in the Direct Method, which is used as a means to reinforce and test what the students have learned.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Dictation）
解析：[解析] 听写(dictation)是直接法经常使用的教学活动，作为巩固记忆、测试学生所学的一种手段。

25. 1 can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method. （分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Writing）
解析：[解析] 在直接法中，写作可以作为对学生语言学习的巩固和评价手段。

直接法中，写作可以按照下列顺序来分级教学：首先，仿写熟悉的阅读文章；其次，仿写教师口头陈述的记叙文；最后，自由写作。

26.The 1 Approach refers to an approach to language teaching developed by British applied linguists from the 1920s to the 1960s.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Oral）
解析：[解析] 口语法是20世纪20年代到60年代由英国应用学家发展的一种语言教学方法。

27.The Audiolingual Method uses dialogues to present the language because dialogue is regarded as a 1 context for the language forms.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：natural）
解析：[解析] 听说法认为对话(dialogues)是语言形式存在的最好的语境，因此使用对话来教授语法。

28.Cognitive psychologists lay emphasis on meaningful learning and hold that meaning is understood as a 1 experience instead of a behavioral response.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：conscious）
解析：[解析] 认知心理学家强调有意义的学习，反对死记硬背，认为意义是有意识的体验，而不是行为主义心理学家所说的一种行为反应。

29.The Natural Approach assumes that if we provide discussion, hence input, over a wide variety of topics while pursuing 1 goal, the necessary grammatical structures are automatically provided in the input.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：communicative）
解析：[解析] 自然法认为如果我们提供学生多样话题的以交际为目标的讨论作为语言输入，即可自然而然地习得语法结构。

30.According to the Communicative Approach, the objectives of a course of language instruction cannot be defined until the learners' 1 have been identified.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：needs）
解析：[解析] 交际法认为，只有明确学习者的需求(needs)，语言教学的目标才能确定。

因此需求分析(needs analysis)在交际法中是很重要的。

31.According to David Nunan, an enhancement of the learner's own 1 experiences as important contributing elements to classroom learning.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：needs）
解析：[解析] David Nunan总结交际教学法的特征时指出，增强学生的自身体验(personal experience)是促进课堂学习的重要方式。

32.The first syllabus for middle schools' English course was released in 1.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：1978）
解析：[解析] 1978年，我国颁布第一个针对中学的英语教学大纲，是英语教学的一个转折点。

33.The Cognitive Approach maintains that language learning is the 1 of the underlying structure of the language by means of inductive and deductive inference.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：discovery）
解析：[解析] 认知法认为语言学习是对语言内在结构的发现(discovery)过程，并且借助归纳和演绎的推论来完成。

34.The general objective of the Audiolingual Method is to enable the students to use the target language 1.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：communicatively）
解析：[解析] 听说法的基本目标就是让学生能够在交际中使用目标语。

35.The Community Language learning, the Silent Method endeavor and the Cognitive Approach aim to involve the 1 person of the students'.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：whole）
解析：[解析] 团体语言学习法、沉默法和认知法这三种人文教学法均注重给学生自由的学习空间，教师尽量少地介入学习的过程，把每一个学生当作独立的个体。

36.The Berlitz Method which was adopted in the U. S. in 1878 by M. D. Berlitz is one school of the 1 Method.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Direct）
解析：[解析] 贝利茨法(Berlitz Method)是由M.D.Berlitz 1878年在美国建立了第一所贝利茨学校后实行的语言教学方法，属于直接法的一个派别。

37.The two forerunners of American 1 are Franz Boas and Edward Sapir.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Structuralism）
解析：[解析] Franz Boas和Edward Sapir是美国结构主义的先驱。

38. 1 Method was the first method used at the end of the 18th certury. The principal aim was to help learners to acquire a reading knowledge of the target language.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Grammar-Translation）
解析：[解析] 语法翻译法盛行于18世纪末。

39.According to Piaget, 1 is the process by which we modify what we already know to take into account new information.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：accommodation）
解析：[解析] Piaget认为，调节过程(accommodation)是指我们调整修改已知的脑中信息，从而考虑新的信息。

与之相反的同化过程(assimilation)是指接受的新信息在大脑中改变或者修改的过程，从而使新信息能够和我们脑中的已知知识相符。

40.In the Natural Approach, 1 activities attempt to involve students' feelings, opinions, desires, reactions, ideas, and experiences.
（分数：1.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：affective-humanistic）
解析：
三、{{B}}Ⅲ.Matching{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：10.00)
Directions: This section consists of two groups of pairs listed in two columns, A and B. You are to match the one marked ①, ②, ③, ④, or ⑤ in Column A with the one marked a, b, c, d, or e in Column B. One point is given to each pair you match correctly.
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：①-b）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：②-e）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：③-c）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：④-a）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：⑤-d）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：①-b）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：②-a）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：③-d）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：④-c）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：⑤-e）
解析：
四、{{B}}Ⅳ.Questions for Brief Answers{{/B}}(总题数：6，分数：30.00)
41.What is the most important aspect of language according to the Grammar-Translation Method? （分数：5.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(According to the Grammar-Translation Method, grammar is the most important aspect of language, which is viewed as a system of rules. Systematic study of grammatical rules plays an important role in fostering students' ability of reading comprehension and producing grammatically correct sentences.)
解析：
42.What is the greatest contribution of the Cognitive Approach?
（分数：5.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The greatest contribution of the Cognitive Approach is that it draws on the latest development of linguistics and psychology and studies foreign language teaching from the point of view of educational psychology, linguistic psychology and foreign language learning theories, hence makes itself more scientific.)
解析：
43.Define the schema theory put forward by Piaget briefly.
（分数：5.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The schema theory refers to the mental framework of past experiences, those things a person stores in his long-term memory.)
解析：
44.Truly communicative activities have three features according to Morrow. What are they? （分数：5.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：(Activities that are truly communicative have three features: information gap, choice and feedback.)
解析：
45.What are the four dimensions of Communicative Competence.
（分数：5.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：(They are grammatical competence, sociolinguistic competence, discourse competence, and strategic competence.)
解析：
46.List at least three techniques used in the Communicative Approach.
（分数：5.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：(Listening and note-taking using audio/video materials; giving oral presentation; project work; role play and simulation.)
解析：
五、{{B}}Ⅴ.Questions for Long Answe rs{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：20.00)
47.What procedures do teachers follow in a typical Audiolingual class?
（分数：10.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：(In a typical Audiolingual class the following procedures will be observed:
①Recognition: Students first hear a model dialogue (either read by the teacher or on the tape) containing the key structures that are the focus of the lesson and try to understand the meaning of the dialogue with the help of the teacher's gestures, mime, context or situation established in advance. ②Imitation and repetition: The students repeat each line of the dialogue, individually and in chorus. The students must imitate the right pronunciation, intonation and fluency. ③Patterns dr ill: Certain key structures from the dialogue are selected and used as the basic for pattern drills of different kinds. ④Follow-up activities: The students now are allowed to look at their textbooks. They are usually asked to do some follow-up reading, writing or vocabulary activities. This will guide their use of the language.)
解析：
48.What are the characteristics of the Natural Approach?
（分数：10.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________
正确答案：(①Class time is devoted primarily to providing input for acquisition. ②The teacher speaks only the target language in the classroom. Students may use either the first or second language. If they choose to respond in the second language, their errors should not be corrected in the process of communication. ③Homework may include grammar work and errors should be corrected.
④The goals are to enable students to talk about ideas, perform tasks, and solve problems.)
解析：。