第1部分 专题1 第2讲 第3节 考点3 词义猜测题-2023年新高考英语二轮专题复习冲刺

句意理解题——“意义吻合”法
典例片段 (2022·山西省高考一模) (第四段)By 1982, he had owned six chemist's shops, when Bhikhu, a then financial analyst, joined him, adding some “financial discipline” to his company. Vijay says: “I simply couldn't have done it without him.” As he puts it, “Brought up under one roof, we understand one another from A to Z．”
Since the restoration process began, at least 15 wells have been restored in the city of Delhi. The cost will be around $60,000, but by doing so, the water supply for the city could reach an additional 33,000 gallons. Rajkumar Sharma, a local citizen, said, “I was elated at the reuse of the stepwells. The stepwell in our village was the only source of water. With time, it had dried up and changed into a place for rubbish. We now have access to clean water for drinking and other purposes.”
第一部分
阅读
专题一
阅读四选一
第二讲
双线解题——考点·体裁
第三节
第三节 考点3 词义猜测题
指代判断题——“顺藤摸瓜”法
典例片段 (2022·江苏省七市高考二模)
It was an early blow to my selfconfidence. I was attending my first group meeting in the lab as a postdoc, and I was pleased that I could follow most of the discussion. Then, in front of everyone, the professor turned to me and asked about my previous accomplishments. I froze. As a PhD student, I had achieved lots to be proud of. But all of those were in my home country of Brazil. Now I was in Washington. DC and I didn't know what the word “accomplishment” meant. So all I could say was “I don't know”．
①锁定内容：“It was an early blow to my selfconfidence.”。 ②明确句意：这是早期对我自信心的一次打击。
③分析文本：根据第一段中的“I was attending my first group meeting in the lab as a postdoc ... I froze.”以及“So all I could say was ‘I don't know.’” 可知，作者作为博士后参加了实验室的第一次小组会议，教授问她以前的 成就，她愣住了，没有给出合适的回答。这件事让她的自信心受到了打 击。故选A。
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。由于干旱，印度开始修复阶梯井来缓 解水资源短缺。文章介绍了阶梯井的结构以及人们对此项目的不同看法。
1．Why are the stepwells in India restored? A．They have a new purpose. B．They are cultural heritage. C．They can ease water shortage. D．They are in poor conditions. 答 案 ： C 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 最 后 一 句 “ As the extreme droughts ... what they do best—providing water.(由于印度正经历着极端的干 旱，这些古老的阶梯井被修复来做它们最擅长的事情——提供水。)”可 知，印度修复阶梯井是因为它们可以缓解水资源短缺。故选C。
词义猜测题——“线索追踪”法
典例片段 (2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs (幼兽) that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them roundtheclock care at home. ... As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
答案
2．What does the underlined word “elated” in Paragraph 3 mean?
Which can probably replace the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4? A．We share something in common. B．We know each other inside out. C．We count on each other in career. D．We two together create fire and water.
Shaped like an upsidedown pyramid digging into the ground and lined by thousands of steps, stepwells can collect rainwater. They are wonderfully efficient at providing water for nearly 1,500 years. Sadly, over 3,000 stepwells have either been abandoned or left to rot, with some even covered by garbage. Now, thanks to the restoration programme (also known as BAORIS), stepwells will come full circle.
... What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．I didn't give a proper response in a lab meeting. B．The paper I intended to publish did not materialize. C．I was asked to speak more slowly because of my accent. D．I reminded myself that I 该段。
②联系前文：到1982年，他已经拥有了六家药店，当时的财政分析师 Bhikhu(比丘)加入了他，为他的公司增加了一些“财政纪律”。Vijay(维杰) 说：“没有他，我根本做不到。”
③分析对比：联系前文可推知，画线句意为“我们在同一个屋檐下长 大，彼此了解。”，from A to Z意为“彻底地；从头至尾”。A项“我们有共同 之处。”；B项“我们互相了解得很透彻。”；C项“我们在事业上互相依 靠。”；D项“我们简直是水火不容。”。故选B。
Historian Rana Safvi explained, “Costly and painstaking as this program is, repairing these traditional stepwells to their former glory provides water for many. But apart from that, it also spotlights the beautiful architecture features of ancient India. This helps attract tourists and can also be used in religious ceremonies.” She added, “These stepwell restorations not only help India reduce the impact of drought, but they are a promise of a better future for India overall.”
...
What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Behave badly.
B．Lose their way.
C．Sleep soundly.
D．Miss their mom.
①题干定位：由题干“get up to mischief”可定位到文中画线部分。 ②锁定信息：画线部分下文“We'd come down in ... and left it looking like a zoo.”。 ③分析推测：根据画线部分下文可知，老虎把整个房间弄个底朝天， 由此推测，作者把老虎关在一个大房间里是因为它们会调皮捣蛋，表现不 好。即画线部分意为“表现不好”。故选A。
好题即练
(2022·四川省成都市高三第二次诊断性检测)Indian stepwells are nothing new, having provided access to fresh water for years before they were abandoned. And while they are a part of Indian cultural heritage, they had lost their purpose for some time, until now. As the extreme droughts are rocking India, these ancient stepwells are restored for what they do best—providing water.