高考语法复习之情态动词

五、will和would的用法 1．will (1)表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。 Will you please go with me? (2)表示意愿、决定、允许。 I will never do that again. (3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，“总是，惯于”，通常用 于第三人称。 Fish will die out of water.
解析
句意为：要耐心。你不能期望世界会这么快地改变。 not可能不；
can’t不可能，不能；needn’t没有必要；may will not将不会，不会。根据句意知选A项。
5．—I haven’t got the reference book yet，but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry.You A．could
—I’m afraid n我可以把这本书带出去吗？——恐怕不
行。may可用来表示请求、许可。
4．Just be patient.You soon. A．can’t C．may not
A
expect the world to change so (2010· 全国Ⅰ，29) B．needn’t D．will not
感悟高考
1．You
D
buy a gift，but you can if you want to. (2010· 湖南，23) B．mustn’t D．don’t have to
A．must C．have to
解析
句意为：你不必买礼物，但是如果你想买的话也可以
买。mustn’t禁止，不可以；don’t have to不必。根据句意， D项正确。
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空 1． Looking people in the eye can sometimes make them nervous and embarrassed. 2．—Oh my god！You shouldn’t wear slippers to attend the conference. —I’m sorry.I forgot there is a conference. 3．—Hello，Peter.Would you please go shopping with me after school? —Sorry.Our school is a boarding school.In school days nobody shall go out of school without the head teacher’s permission.
2．have to着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。 He will have to be there before ten. 3．ought to表示义务和责任，“应该”，比should语气要强。 You ought to take care of yourself.
四、need和dare的用法 1．need表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯 定句中，常用must和have to代替。 2．dare表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从 句中。 Dare you go home alone at eleven in the evening? 3．need和dare的特殊用法 (1)need表“需要”时，可用want，require代替。 The desk needs to be repaired./The desk needs repairing. (2)dare作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接to，在疑问句和否定 句中to可省去。 He dares to catch a snake.
4．—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party. —He must have left (leave)．He is a man of his word. 5．—Why can your teacher know so much about London? —He must have been there before. 6． Could it have been wrong directions from the control room that caused the air crash?
7. You’ll have plenty of time tomorrow，so you needn’t/don’t
have to work too late tonight.But if you must ，I don’t have
much to say. 8．—The two astronauts had been trained for a long time before they flew to space. —Oh，they must have gone (go) through quite a lot of difficulties.
4．should have done sth. should have done sth.表示本来应该做某事而实际上未做。 You should have told him about it. 5．had better have done sth.；would rather have done sth.； would like/love to have done sth. (1)had better have done sth.表示事后的建议，含轻微责备的 口吻，意为“当时做了某事就好了”，其否定形式had better not have done sth.表达相反的含义。
2．I have told you the truth. A．Must B．Can
A
I keep repeating it？ (2010· 江西，23) D．Will
C．May
解析
句意为：我已经告诉你真相了。我必须不断地重复
吗？must必须；can能够；may可以；will将要。
3．—
B
I take the book out? (2010· 四川，3) C．Must D．Need B．May
2．needn’t have done sth.；didn’t need to do sth. (1)needn’t have done sth.表示已完成不需要完成的动作。 You needn’t have waken me up.I don’t have to go to work today. (2)didn’t need to do sth.表示没有必要做而实际上也没有做 某事。 I didn’t need to clean the windows.My brother did it. 3．may/might have done sth. may/might have done sth.表示对过去已发生的动作的推测， 意为“也许/或许已经„„”。 I’m not sure.He might have said so at the conference.
2．would (1)表示请求、建议，比will委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二 人称。 Would you like a cup of tea? (2)表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。 We would play badminton on Sundays.
六、shall和should的用法 1．shall (1)用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。 (2)用于第二、三人称表示命令或威胁。 You shall do as your father says. 2．should (1)表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。 (2)表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。 You should wear slippers in class. (3)用于条件句，表示“假如，万一”，省去if，should可提 至句首。 Should you be late，apologize to the teacher.
三、must，have to和ought to的用法 1．must (1)must表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只 有现在时形式，否定式是must (2)must表示必然的结果。 All men must die. (3)must还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。 It can’t help；he must do that. not(mustn’t)。must开头的问 句，其否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to代替。
(2)would rather have done sth.表示“宁愿当时做某事”，其 否定形式would rather not have done sth.表达相反的含义，两者 都含有“后悔”之意。 I would rather have taken his advice. (3)would like/love to have done sth.表示过去愿意做某事，但 未做成。 I would love to have gone to the party last night，but I had to work extra hours to finish my report.
情态动词
一、can和could的用法 1．表示能力 Her mother can speak French. 2．表示客观可能性 Anybody can make mistakes. 3．表示许可(多用于口语) Can I go now? 4．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或 感叹句中) How can you be so careless!
5．can的特殊用法 can but只有；can’t but不得不；can’t...too再怎样也不为过， 越„„越好。 I can but wait. I can’t but wait. You can’t be too patient to the customers.
二、may和might的用法 1．表示允许、请求 —May I watch TV now? —Yes，you may.(Yes，please.) —No，you mustn’t.(No，you’d better not.)
B
have it by Friday. (2010· 江苏，25) C．must D．may
B．shall
解析
句意为：——我还没有弄到参考书，但是下个月我将
参加这门学科的测试。——不要担心，到星期五时你就有 了。could能够；shall在句中表示“允诺”；must必须；may 也许，可以。
领悟语法
2．表示可能性(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用can 代替) The story may not be true. 3．表示祝愿(不用might) May you succeed! 4．may/might as well最好还是„„ You might as well do it now. 5．may/might well很可能 He may well be late for class.
七、“情态动词＋have done”的用法 1．must have done sth.；can(could) have done sth. (1)must have done sth.表示对过去已经发生的事情的有把握 的推测，意思是“想必、准是、一定做了某事”，只用在肯定句 中。 It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. (2)can(could) have done sth.表示对过去发生的动作的怀疑和 不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。 He can’t have forgotten it.