右美托咪定滴鼻对斜视儿童全身麻醉术前焦虑和配合度的影响
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关键词:右美托咪定;儿童;术前焦虑;配合度;全身麻醉
中图分类号:R614 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-1070(2021)07-0748-04
doi:10.ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ969/j.issn.1008-1070.2021.07.016
Effect of dexmedetomidine administered intranasally on preoperative anxiety and compliance of children undergoing strabismus surgery by general anesthesia
基金项目 :北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项“扬帆”计划重点医学专业(ZYLX202103) * 通信作者,E-mail:guyanwang2006@
中国医刊 2021 年 第 5 6 卷 第 7 期
大多数儿童在麻醉和手术时均较为紧张、焦虑, 其中严重焦虑的发生率可高达 60% [1]。手术室的陌生 环境和术前与家长的分离焦虑会导致儿童情绪失控, 且拒绝配合,这不仅增加麻醉风险和不良反应发生 率,也会使家属不良情绪增加。研究显示术前焦虑 状态会导致患儿术后躁动,甚至给患儿带来不良心 理影响和行为改变 [2]。因而,为提升患儿配合度,保 证临床手术安全,提高整体舒适度,术前采用有效 措施缓解焦虑已成为麻醉科研究的热点和努力的方 向。右美托咪定是一种新型选择性 α2 肾上腺素能受 体激动剂,具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑等作用 [3-4]。右 美托咪定鼻腔给药无痛,无刺激,37min 后可达到平 均血药浓度高峰 [5],可应用于儿童镇静 [6]。已有研究 报道对于 3 ~ 8 岁儿童,2µg/kg 右美托咪定滴鼻可 提供满意的镇静效果 [7]。因此,本研究旨在观察术前 30min 给予右美托咪定滴鼻,对 3 ~ 6 岁斜视儿童全
· · 748 论著
中国医刊 2021 年 第 5 6 卷 第 7 期
右美托咪定滴鼻对斜视儿童全身麻醉术前焦虑和
配合度的影响
初丽艳,王月,王珊珊,王古岩 *(首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 麻醉科,北京 100730)
摘 要:目的 观察右美托咪定滴鼻对拟在全身麻醉下做斜视手术儿童术前焦虑和配合度的影响。方法 选取2019年6—8月在 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院择期行斜视手术的60例患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为右美托咪定组和对照组,每组 各30例。麻醉诱导前30min,右美托咪定组给予2µg/kg右美托咪定缓慢滴鼻,对照组给予0.02ml/kg的生理盐水缓慢滴鼻。记录两 组患儿滴鼻30min后的入睡情况。比较分析两组患儿术前1d、手术当日、麻醉诱导时的改良耶鲁围术期焦虑量表(modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale,mYPAS)评分,麻醉诱导时的麻醉诱导期合作度量表(induction compliance checklist,ICC)评分, 术后躁动量表(pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium,PAED)评分、苏醒时间、出恢复室时间,不良反应发生率。结果 滴鼻 30min后,右美托咪定组有11例患儿入睡,对照组无患儿入睡,两组比较差异有显著性(χ2=12.540,P=0.000)。术前1d,两组 患儿的mYRAS评分及mYRAS评分≥40分的例数比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05);手术当日和麻醉诱导时,右美托咪定组患儿 的mYRAS评分及mYRAS评分≥40分的例数均显著低于和少于对照组(P<0.05)。麻醉诱导时,右美托咪定组患儿的ICC评分和 ICC评分≥4分的例数均显著低于和少于对照组(P<0.05)。术后右美托咪定组患儿PAED评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),苏 醒时间显著长于对照组(P<0.05),两组患儿出恢复室时间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。右美托咪定组患儿术后嗜睡的发生 率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),右美托咪定组患儿术后烦躁的发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿术后疼痛、恶心等 不良反应发生率比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 术前30min采用2µg/kg右美托咪定滴鼻,可明显提升患儿配合度,改善 术前焦虑,同时可缓解患儿术后躁动,且安全性较好。术后苏醒时间略有延长,但不影响出恢复室时间。
Chu Liyan, Wang Yue, Wang Shanshan, Wang Guyan* (Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China) *Corresponding author, E-mail:guyanwang2006@ Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication on preoperative anxiety and compliance of children undergoing strabismus surgery. Method 60 patients undergoing strabismus surgery by general anesthesia in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from June to August 2019 were selected. They were divided into dexmedetomidine group and control group,and 30 patients in each group, according to the random number table. 30 mins before anesthesia, all of the patients were premedicated intranasally, 2µg/kg dexmedetomidine for dexmedetomidine group,and 0.02ml/kg normal saline for control group.The number of patients falling asleep after intranasal administration, and the modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale(mYRAS) scale of the day before surgery, the day of surgery, and the anaesthesia induction time were recorded, and the induction compliance checklist(ICC) score was evaluated at the anaesthesia induction time. And emergence agitation by the the pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium(PAED) score, awaking time, time to leave the recovery room, and the occurence rates of side effects were all recorded. Result 30 mins after the intranasal administration, 11 patients in the dexmedetomidine group fell asleep compared with 0 in control group (χ2=12.540, P=0.000). There was no significant difference between the mYPAS scores of the two groups the day before surgery(P>0.05). The day of surgery and at the anaesthesia induction time, the mYPAS scores and the cases of mYPAS score≥40 of dexmedetomidine group were all significantlly lower than those of control group(P<0.05). The ICC score and the cases of ICC score≥4 of dexmedetomidinegroup were lower than those of control group(P<0.05). The PAED score of dexmedetomidine group was significantlly lower than control group, and the awaking time of dexmedetomidine group were significantlly longer than control group(P<0.05). The time to leave the recovery room of control group was not different from the dexmedetomidine group(P>0.05). The incidence of drowsiness of dexmedetomidine group was higher than control group(P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative irritability in dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The incidences of pain and nausea of the dexmedetomidine group were not different from control group(P>0.05). Conclusion 2µg/kg dexmedetomidine administered intranasally 30 mins before surgery can improve the compliance of the patients significantly,reduce the preoperative anxiety and the emergence agitation with good security.Although the awaking time is slightly prolonged,it does not effect the time to leave the recovery room. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine; Children; Preoperative anxiety; Compliance; General anesthesia
· · 论著 749
身麻醉术前焦虑和配合度的影响,以期为临床应用 提供参考。现报道如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 选取 2019 年 6—8 月在本院择期行 斜视手术的 60 例患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表 法分为右美托咪定组和对照组,每组各 30 例。纳 入标准 :①年龄 3 ~ 6 岁 ;②美国麻醉医师协会分 级为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级。排除标准 :①具有右美托咪定使用 禁忌证 ;②有神经系统疾病史,发育迟缓或智力低 下 ;③ 术 前 应 用 其 他 镇 静、 镇 痛 药 物 ;④ 体 重 指 数> 20kg/m2 ;⑤有重要脏器功能障碍。两组患儿 年龄、性别、体重指数、单眼斜视或双眼斜视等一 般资料比较差异均无显著性(P > 0.05),具有可比 性。见表 1。患儿家属均知情并签署知情同意书,本 研究经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准(批准文号 : TRECKY2019-072)。
中图分类号:R614 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-1070(2021)07-0748-04
doi:10.ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ969/j.issn.1008-1070.2021.07.016
Effect of dexmedetomidine administered intranasally on preoperative anxiety and compliance of children undergoing strabismus surgery by general anesthesia
基金项目 :北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项“扬帆”计划重点医学专业(ZYLX202103) * 通信作者,E-mail:guyanwang2006@
中国医刊 2021 年 第 5 6 卷 第 7 期
大多数儿童在麻醉和手术时均较为紧张、焦虑, 其中严重焦虑的发生率可高达 60% [1]。手术室的陌生 环境和术前与家长的分离焦虑会导致儿童情绪失控, 且拒绝配合,这不仅增加麻醉风险和不良反应发生 率,也会使家属不良情绪增加。研究显示术前焦虑 状态会导致患儿术后躁动,甚至给患儿带来不良心 理影响和行为改变 [2]。因而,为提升患儿配合度,保 证临床手术安全,提高整体舒适度,术前采用有效 措施缓解焦虑已成为麻醉科研究的热点和努力的方 向。右美托咪定是一种新型选择性 α2 肾上腺素能受 体激动剂,具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑等作用 [3-4]。右 美托咪定鼻腔给药无痛,无刺激,37min 后可达到平 均血药浓度高峰 [5],可应用于儿童镇静 [6]。已有研究 报道对于 3 ~ 8 岁儿童,2µg/kg 右美托咪定滴鼻可 提供满意的镇静效果 [7]。因此,本研究旨在观察术前 30min 给予右美托咪定滴鼻,对 3 ~ 6 岁斜视儿童全
· · 748 论著
中国医刊 2021 年 第 5 6 卷 第 7 期
右美托咪定滴鼻对斜视儿童全身麻醉术前焦虑和
配合度的影响
初丽艳,王月,王珊珊,王古岩 *(首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 麻醉科,北京 100730)
摘 要:目的 观察右美托咪定滴鼻对拟在全身麻醉下做斜视手术儿童术前焦虑和配合度的影响。方法 选取2019年6—8月在 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院择期行斜视手术的60例患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为右美托咪定组和对照组,每组 各30例。麻醉诱导前30min,右美托咪定组给予2µg/kg右美托咪定缓慢滴鼻,对照组给予0.02ml/kg的生理盐水缓慢滴鼻。记录两 组患儿滴鼻30min后的入睡情况。比较分析两组患儿术前1d、手术当日、麻醉诱导时的改良耶鲁围术期焦虑量表(modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale,mYPAS)评分,麻醉诱导时的麻醉诱导期合作度量表(induction compliance checklist,ICC)评分, 术后躁动量表(pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium,PAED)评分、苏醒时间、出恢复室时间,不良反应发生率。结果 滴鼻 30min后,右美托咪定组有11例患儿入睡,对照组无患儿入睡,两组比较差异有显著性(χ2=12.540,P=0.000)。术前1d,两组 患儿的mYRAS评分及mYRAS评分≥40分的例数比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05);手术当日和麻醉诱导时,右美托咪定组患儿 的mYRAS评分及mYRAS评分≥40分的例数均显著低于和少于对照组(P<0.05)。麻醉诱导时,右美托咪定组患儿的ICC评分和 ICC评分≥4分的例数均显著低于和少于对照组(P<0.05)。术后右美托咪定组患儿PAED评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),苏 醒时间显著长于对照组(P<0.05),两组患儿出恢复室时间比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。右美托咪定组患儿术后嗜睡的发生 率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),右美托咪定组患儿术后烦躁的发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿术后疼痛、恶心等 不良反应发生率比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 术前30min采用2µg/kg右美托咪定滴鼻,可明显提升患儿配合度,改善 术前焦虑,同时可缓解患儿术后躁动,且安全性较好。术后苏醒时间略有延长,但不影响出恢复室时间。
Chu Liyan, Wang Yue, Wang Shanshan, Wang Guyan* (Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China) *Corresponding author, E-mail:guyanwang2006@ Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication on preoperative anxiety and compliance of children undergoing strabismus surgery. Method 60 patients undergoing strabismus surgery by general anesthesia in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from June to August 2019 were selected. They were divided into dexmedetomidine group and control group,and 30 patients in each group, according to the random number table. 30 mins before anesthesia, all of the patients were premedicated intranasally, 2µg/kg dexmedetomidine for dexmedetomidine group,and 0.02ml/kg normal saline for control group.The number of patients falling asleep after intranasal administration, and the modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale(mYRAS) scale of the day before surgery, the day of surgery, and the anaesthesia induction time were recorded, and the induction compliance checklist(ICC) score was evaluated at the anaesthesia induction time. And emergence agitation by the the pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium(PAED) score, awaking time, time to leave the recovery room, and the occurence rates of side effects were all recorded. Result 30 mins after the intranasal administration, 11 patients in the dexmedetomidine group fell asleep compared with 0 in control group (χ2=12.540, P=0.000). There was no significant difference between the mYPAS scores of the two groups the day before surgery(P>0.05). The day of surgery and at the anaesthesia induction time, the mYPAS scores and the cases of mYPAS score≥40 of dexmedetomidine group were all significantlly lower than those of control group(P<0.05). The ICC score and the cases of ICC score≥4 of dexmedetomidinegroup were lower than those of control group(P<0.05). The PAED score of dexmedetomidine group was significantlly lower than control group, and the awaking time of dexmedetomidine group were significantlly longer than control group(P<0.05). The time to leave the recovery room of control group was not different from the dexmedetomidine group(P>0.05). The incidence of drowsiness of dexmedetomidine group was higher than control group(P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative irritability in dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The incidences of pain and nausea of the dexmedetomidine group were not different from control group(P>0.05). Conclusion 2µg/kg dexmedetomidine administered intranasally 30 mins before surgery can improve the compliance of the patients significantly,reduce the preoperative anxiety and the emergence agitation with good security.Although the awaking time is slightly prolonged,it does not effect the time to leave the recovery room. Keywords: Dexmedetomidine; Children; Preoperative anxiety; Compliance; General anesthesia
· · 论著 749
身麻醉术前焦虑和配合度的影响,以期为临床应用 提供参考。现报道如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 选取 2019 年 6—8 月在本院择期行 斜视手术的 60 例患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表 法分为右美托咪定组和对照组,每组各 30 例。纳 入标准 :①年龄 3 ~ 6 岁 ;②美国麻醉医师协会分 级为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级。排除标准 :①具有右美托咪定使用 禁忌证 ;②有神经系统疾病史,发育迟缓或智力低 下 ;③ 术 前 应 用 其 他 镇 静、 镇 痛 药 物 ;④ 体 重 指 数> 20kg/m2 ;⑤有重要脏器功能障碍。两组患儿 年龄、性别、体重指数、单眼斜视或双眼斜视等一 般资料比较差异均无显著性(P > 0.05),具有可比 性。见表 1。患儿家属均知情并签署知情同意书,本 研究经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准(批准文号 : TRECKY2019-072)。