高考英语二轮创新复习题型重组练(六)练习(含解析)

题型重组练(六)

(限时30分钟)

对应学生用书(单独成册)第152页Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020·广州高三阶段检测)Let's begin with the story：King Hiero contracts the ancient Greek polymath Archimedes(阿基米德)to detect fraud in the manufacture of a golden crown.Archimedes accepts the challenge and，during a subsequent trip to the public baths，realizes that the more his body sinks into the water，the more water is displaced—making the displaced water an exact measure of his volume.Realizing he has hit upon a method to determine whether the King's crown was made of gold or silver，the young Greek leaps out of the bath and rushes home naked crying“Eureka！Eureka！” Or translated：“I've found it！I've found it！”

Too bad，however，Archimedes probably never uttered the word in that way.

First and foremost，Archimedes himself never wrote about this episode，although he spent plenty of time detailing the laws of buoyancy(浮力)．The oldest authority on the naked­Archimedes eureka story is Vitruvius，a Roman writer，who included the tale in his introduction to his ninth book of architectur e.“Vitruvius may have gotten it wrong，”says Chris Schmitt，a mathematician and a self­described Archimedes fan.“The method attributed to Archimedes in the story works in theory so it sounds right，but when you actually try it，you find that the real world get s in the way.”

In fact，Schmitt is one of a long line of scientists，including Galileo，who have read the account and thought，“That can't be right.” As Galileo wrote，Archimedes could have achieved a far more precise result using his own law of buoyancy and an accurate scale.In fact，the surface tension(表面张力)of water can make the volume of a light object like a crown immeasurable.“There may be some truth to it，” Schmitt adds.“Archimedes did measure the volume of things but the eureka moment was maybe due to his original discovery concerning buoyancy，not about sitting in the bathtub and then running through the streets naked.”

Much like Newton's apple，the exclamation persists because of the enduring power of the story：a golden crown，a life being in the balance，a naked mathematician.The__suspect

_foundations_of_the_eureka_moment_take_nothing_away_from_the_word's_ability_to_u niquely_and_concisely_convey_the_flash_of_inspiration.

[语篇解读] 阿基米德在浴室中发现浮力定律的故事广为流传，但根据科学家的发现，该故事应该不是真实的。

1．According to the first paragraph，how would Archimedes measure the volume of the crown?

A．He would weigh himself with and without the crown.

B．He would weigh the crown first and then put it into water.

C．He would go to the public baths wearing the crown on his head.

D．He would make the crown sink into water and measure the water displaced.

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“making the displaced water an exact measure of his volume”可推知，阿基米德会将王冠沉到水里面，然后通过排水量来测量王冠的体积，故选D。

答案：D

2．What did Galileo probably think of the naked­Archimedes eureka story?

A．He believed th e word “eureka” was said in another situation.

B．He suspected Archimedes didn't run through the street naked.

C．He doubted Archimedes carried out the experiment independently.