初中英语阅读技巧猜测词意

The boy had a happy family before. However, after the war, he became homeless. 无家可归的
home—家 -less 否定后缀：没有
Guess the meaning 3. If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”. disagree
A.任务 B.负担 C.责任 D.义务
2.Did you ever hear someone speak of a cat nap? A cat nap is a short sleep. People take it when there is a lot to do and there isn’t enough time for a full-length sleep.
起解释说明作用
牙医
He is a dentist, that is to say,
a person whose job is to take care of people’s teeth.
Guess the meaning 2. I made some coffee but it was terrible. In fact, my sister said it was undrinkable. drink 喝 不能 -able 可以的 喝的 un-不
转折关系
Tip 5: 对比转折法：根据反义词或对比关系猜测词 义。 Key words : but, however, although , though，while(然而), rather than, instead of
转折关系 He had been getting better, however , during the night his condition deteriorated. 恶化
Tip 3: 同反义词法：根据同义词或反义词猜测 词义。
作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义 词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文 字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句 或者同一段落中。
Mr. White loves to talk , his wife is also as loquacious as him.
Guess the meaning 起解释说明作用
日历
1. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year. Tip 1: 定义描述法：根据定义或释义猜测词义。
Key words : 1) is , mean, that is to say … 2)标点符号: 破折号、冒号 3)定语从句
A. a dish C. a meal B. directions for cooking D. directions to your house
举例归纳
3. Nowadays more and more people care about the exploitation(开采) of the natural resources, such as oil. A. 商品 B.现象 C.资源 D. 污染
A. 邮票 B.邮戳 C.邮筒 D.邮资
Tip 2: 构词法：根据词根、前缀、后缀 猜测词义。 Key words :
1) 词根 2) 前缀 3)后缀
Can you guess the right meanings?
super- 超级 supermarket 超市 粗心的 -less 无 careless mis- 误、恶 misunderstand 误解 不高兴 un- 不、非 unhappy impossible 不可能的 im- 不 re-再、反复 rebuild 重建 disagree 不同意 dis不 suitable 合适的 -able 能够
举例说明
Guess the meaning 8. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there will be a drought. 生活常识经验 dry
Tip 8:生活常识经验：根据自身的直接或间接的 经验，运用自己已有的常识, 以及英美国家的风 俗习惯、宗教信仰、社会生活等将生词推测出来。
4. Many volunteers visited the left-behind “leftbehind” children whose parents are working in cities before Children’s Day. A. 留守儿童 B. 孤儿 C. 残疾儿童
1.Studying abroad brings a heavy burden to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad is very high. But is it worth it?
举例归纳
1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice.
A 雪山 B 树枝 C 冰河 D 冰
举例归纳
2. Please give me your recipe for this cake，so I can make it too.
In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry.
嫁妆
How to guess the meaning of words?
并列关系
Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.
有害的
固体 7. Land pollution is caused by solid waste, such as cans, bottles and some plastic things which aren’t broken down quickly.
A.休息 B.小睡 C.睡觉 D.做梦
3.If you know how much the postage post is for your letter, you can buy stamps at any window. In some post offices, you can buy stamps from machines. Stamps are sold at many different prices, from one cent to many dollars.
useless
All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key.
因果关系
Guess the meaning 5. He is a punctual boy, but he was late this morning. 守时的
定义描述
生活常识 经验
构词法
同义词 反义词 因果 关系 对比 转折
上下文
举例归纳
并列关系
Competition
12 100 34
1 2 300 3 4 12 2003 4
1 2 400 3 4
1. I will not make friends with a dishonest person. 不诚实的
Guess the meaning
并列关系
6. It’s our duty to protect it and everybody has responsibility to protect the earth. 责任
Tip 6 : 并列关系：利用语境及前后的提示来
猜测词义。 Key words : and, also, as … as, the same as
爱说话的，多嘴的
同义关系
Guess the meaning
因果关系
4. I could see nothing because the light was too faint .
dark
Tip 4: 因果关系法：根据前后句因果关 系猜测词义。 key words: (1)because (2) so (3) as, since, for
举例说明
Tip 7:举例归纳法：根据例子隶属的类别归纳
Guess the meaning
出词义 。
Key words : such as, like， for example, for instance
家禽
On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.
词义猜测
词义猜测题是阅读理解的一个重要题型， 主要考查根据短文已知信息猜测文章未知
词语的能力。词义猜测有两种考查形式：
一种是选择短文中某个词语的英文含义， 一种是选择短文中某个词语的汉语意思。
Guess and discuss
1. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year. 2. I made some coffee but it was horrible. In fact, my sister said it was undrinkable. 3. If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”. 4. I could see nothing because the light was too faint . 5. He is a punctual boy, but he was late this morning. 6. It’s our duty to protect it and everybody has responsibility to protect the Earth. 7. Land pollution is caused by solid waste, such as cans, bottles and some plastic things which aren’t broken down quickly. 8. But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there will be a drought.
2.Tom can’t play tennis now because he can’t find his white sneakers. A. money C. shoes B. bowls D. books
3. Although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday s Longping, the father of hybrid rice, won the World Food Prize on Monday. Yuan developed the world’s first popular and widely grown hybrid rice. Hybrid rice plants can make more rice than the ones people grew before. A.杂交水稻 B.玉米 C.小米