2022-2023学年上海市崇明区高三上学期英语一模卷

2022 学年第一学期崇明区高三年级期一模英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Agent and customer. D. Postman and sender.
2. A. $
3. B. $5. C. $9. D. $15.
3. A. Her son doesn’t have a blue scarf. B. She’ll help the man look for his scarf.
C. The man didn’t take her son’s scarf.
D. She likes the color of the man’s scarf.
4. A. His aunt will buy him an e-dictionary. B. His aunt paid too much for the e-dictionary.
C.The woman needn’t buy an e-dictionary.
D. He doesn’t know how much an e-dictionary costs.
5. A. She missed the whole game. B. She is curious about the result of the game.
C. She also left the game early.
D. She sat right behind the man during the game.
6. A. Dustbins for garbage sorting. B. Benefits of recycling rubbish.
C. Charges for colored dustbins.
D. Reasons for protecting the environment.
7. A. The jacket is too big for him. B. It has been too warm to wear the jacket.
C. He doesn’t like cold weather.
D. He didn’t buy the jacket until it got cooler.
8. A. She hates history lessons. B. She thinks Dr. Parker’s tests are easy.
C. Dr. Parker no longer teaches history.
D. The man’s source of information is reliable.
9. A. Have his desk repaired. B. Ask the bookstore for a refund.
C. Look for the misplaced check.
D. Borrow some cash from the woman.
10. A. He isn’t allowed to tell the student her grade. B. He doesn’t know how to find the student’s grade.
C. Dr. Wilson hasn’t finished grading the mid-term exam.
D. Dr. Wilson doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away. Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Proper ways of helping the homeless. B. Suitable places for helping the homeless.
C. Various views on helping the homeless.
D. Underlying reasons for helping the homeless.
12. A. The money may be stolen. B. They may get addicted to money.
C. The money may be misused.
D. They may buy clothing with the money.
13. A. Set up an organization. B. Teach homeless people a skill.
C. Save resources in the community.
D. Build shelters for the homeless.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Sleep is vital to people’s health. B. Chinese people sleep least in the world.
C. Chinese people are sleeping less.
D. Sleep hours vary in different groups of people.
15. A. Screen time. B. Attitude to age. C. Mental disorders. D. Working relationships.
16. A. The more people earn, the better they sleep.
B. Over half of teenagers get less sleep due to study stress.
C. Chinese people’s average sleep quality is also worsening.
D. Office workers’ sleep quality is the worst among all the respondents.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the fallowing conversation.
17. A. Studying for an exam. B. A computer game the man is playing.
C. Visiting a close friend of theirs.
D. A class presentation they’re preparing.18. A. He’s already finished studying. B. He’s taking an online biology test.
C. He’s taking a break from studying.
D. He’s searching for some information.
19. A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Frustrated. D. Embarrassed.
20. A. He owed her a favor. B. He heard she did poorly on the last test.
C. He’d rather study on his own.
D. He hates to bother her late in the evening.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Laziness and Lack of Sleep Can Shorten Your Life, Especially When Combined You already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may shorten your life. Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors (21) (know) to increase your risk of premature death.
Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way, but when combined with more traditional risk factors, (22) had a multiplier effect that made an early death far more likely.
The findings, published in the journal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “some risk behaviors tend to come toge ther and (23) the joint risk could be much higher than the sum of the individual risks”.
For instance, smoking was (24) (dangerous) single risk factor among the six studied. The small number of people for (25) smoking was their only bad habit were 90 percent more likely to die during the course of the study than were people with practical clean living in every aspect. People who reported high alcohol consumption as their only risk factor did not seem (26) (put) their lives in danger. But for those who combined heavy drinking with smoking, the risk of premature death was doubled. And when lack of sleep (27) (add) to the mix, the likelihood of an early death was nearly five times greater (28) lack of sleep by itself had only a light effect on death.
These numbers are based on the lives of 231,048 Australians.
(29) (consider) factors such as age, gender, education and other factors, the researchers saw a clear pattern. It was
a person’s bad lifestyle (30) contributed to his or her risk of premature death.
21. 22. 22. 24. 25.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. battle
B. built-in
C. candidate
D. carbon-free
E. commercial
F. contained
G. costly H. demonstrated I. footprint J. financed K. growing
everal Carmakers Push Plans to Offer Hydrogen-powered Vehicles
Several big automakers recently announced plans to keep investing in hydrogen vehicle technology. The plans come even as many industry experts believe the technology faces a major uphill 31 to compete against battery-powered electric cars.
Hydrogen-powered cars are also known as fuel cell electric vehicles, or FCEVs. With these vehicles, fuel cells convert (转化) hydrogen gas into electricity. This differs from electric vehicles, or EVs, which get their power from a 32 battery.
Last month, the chief of Japan’s Toyota Motors, Akio Toyoda, attended a race that 33 an experimental hydrogen vehicle. The vehicle 34 a traditional gasoline-powered engine that had been converted to run on hydrogen.
Toyoda told reporters at the event such conversions could keep traditional internal combustion engines (内燃机) running in a 35 world. This, he said, could avoid the need to completely leave behind internal combustion and save millions of auto industry jobs.
In Germany, BMW and Volkswagen Group are both developing hydrogen-powered passenger vehicles along with
a series of new EVs. BMW said last month it has developed a hydrogen prototype (原型) based on its X5 model i n a project partly 36 by the German government.
Officials at South Korean automaker Hyundai have also spoken about the importance of continuing to explore hydrogen-based vehicles along with developing EVs. The company currently sells a passenger fuel cell vehicle called the NEXO. And Hyundai announced it plans to offer hydrogen fuel cell versions for all its 37 vehicles by 2028.
In fuel cell technology, hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce electrical power. It is considered clean energy because the process only releases water and steam into the atmosphere. This makes the technology a good 38 for helping the world reduce its carbon emissions.
Currently, however, most of the hydrogen produced worldwide is made using natural gas or coal— both of which cause pollution. Supporters of the technology expect that to change over time. They say the 39 use of electricity from wind and solar energy will be able to separate hydrogen and oxygen in water. Those production methods, however, are more 40 .
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
III.Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When looking at ways to expand your business, does it make sense to go global? The answer is yes — expanding to international markets helps companies grow, increases buying power and diversifies market opportunities. It better prepares the company for changes in the 41 economy. It can result in increased profits, a diverse customer base and improved stability.
Before the pandemic, 42 expansion almost always meant international travel. 43 bias (偏见) in some countries historically made business expansion difficult for women, and international travel can 44 the delicate work-life balance entrepreneurs(企业家) of both sexes strive to maintain.
The Covid-19 pandemic 45 global e-commerce and opportunities. The world is conducting business 46 with far more success than anticipated. This shift to business by the internet presents tremendous global opportunities for women as it effectively makes the situation 47 .
Conducting business on the internet 48 the complications of gender, race, religion, color and lifestyle, simplifying business down to the principles of supply and demand. This opens more doors for growth and enables entrepreneurs to study potential markets and the buyer’s journey from the 49 of their own office.
So, how can you accomplish successful international expansion? First, identify your target market, and then develop an inbound marketing strategy.
This involves providing all the information your target consumers need on your 50 so consumers can find you and research the answers to their initial questions on their own. With a defined inbound strategy, well-written content and social media outreach, you can bring 51 buyers to you instead of continually searching for new buyers.
A vital part of your global inbound marketing strategy will be to translate important information from your website into your target consumer’s native language. Even if your target consumers are multilingual, most 52 to buy from sites that provide information in their native language.
Then how can you develop your inbound marketing strategy? The first step is to select a market that 53 your company goals and marketing strategy. Choose one country, one language, and develop a multilingual marketing strategy that defines your goals and prepares you to connect with prospective buyers. Once you create the plan and process for the first country, you can copy it when you’re ready to expand into 54 markets.
You might believe that your business is too small to get involved with 55 — but consider this: When you make use of the power of the internet, it doesn’t matter if your company is large or small. The key is to shift your focus from outbound to inbound marketing — and bring buyers to you.
41. A. booming B. domestic C. current D. industrial
42. A. rapid B. successful C. further D. global 43. A. Gender B. Media C. Cultural D. Political
44. A. keep B. upset C. promote D. restore
45. A. looks into B. breaks down C. speeds up D. responds to
46. A. desperately B. efficiently C. securely D. remotely
47. A. fair B. worse C. real D. reliable
48. A. increases B. promotes C. removes D. illustrates
49. A. angle B. comfort C. relief D. imagination
50. A. desk B. website C. shoulder D. market
51. A. qualified B. wealthy C. foreign D. optimistic
52. A. intend B. hesitate C. volunteer D. prefer
53. A. attaches to B. benefits from C. sees through D. agrees with
54. A. commercial B. additional C. overseas D. private
55. A. marketing B. financing C. exporting D. training
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Francis Kéré appears on the screen in a loose white Oxford shirt and an enormous, slightly amazed smile. “Can you imagine?” the newest Pritzker Architecture Prize winner says. “I was born in a little village in Burkina Faso where there was no school then. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because then I could then translate or read him his letters.”
The first African winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize had already received numerous awards in his field, but Kéré was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize.
“Francis Kéré is pioneering architecture — sustainable to the earth and its inhabitants — in lands of extreme scarcity,” said committee chair, Tom Pritzker, in a statement. “He is equally architect and servant, improving upon the lives and experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is at times forgotten. Through buildings that demonstrate beauty, modesty, boldness and invention, Kéré gracefully deserves this Prize.”
Kéré says his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. “You will sit and it’s very hot inside,” he said. “And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was strong and in my head the idea one day grew that as an adult, I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I can feel better.”
In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School in Burkina Faso, Kéré drew on traditional building materials and emphasized shade and shadows with well-ventilated (通风良好的) spaces that reduce the need for air conditioning.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But while absorbed in the practicality of roofing and furniture making, he also attended night school and was admitted to Technische Universität Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was still a student when he designed and built Gando Primary School. It turned out to be a springboard for his career and still guides his ethos (理念) today.
56. Which of the following is a reason for Kéré’s winning the Pritzker Architecture Prize?
A. His designs are innovative and eco-friendly.
B. He’s received plenty of awards in architecture.
C. His designs mainly consist of school buildings.
D. He’s good at using new materials in his architecture.
57. _____ acts as a stimulus to Kéré’s becoming an architect.
A. His study of carpentry in Berlin
B. His hometown’s extremely hot whether
C. His parents’ expectations of him
D. His uncomfortable experience at school
58. _____ helps Kéré establish his status in architecture.
A. His design of Gando Primary School
B. His research in Technische Universität Berlin
C. His love for nature and his hometown
D. His commitment to the development of Africa
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Francis Kéré: a True Pioneer in African Architecture
B. Francis Kéré: a Great African Contributor to Architecture
C. Francis Kéré: the First African to Win Architecture’s Top Award
D. Francis Kéré: the First African Winner of Awards in Architecture
(B)
60. The above advertisement is aimed at _____.
A. foreign students in Ireland and England
B. students in the world’s top-ranked universities
C. people who’d like to learn English while travelling
D. people who’s fluent in English and good at communication
61. What is special about English 4 Professionals?
A. It cooperates with the world’s top-ranked universities.
B. It exposes learners to the culture in the course of learning.
C. It motivates learners by providing bonuses like a trip to Dublin.
D. It boasts active learning methods with the help of virtual tourism.
62. According to the advertisement, your learning experience with E4P can be _____.
A. funny but thrilling
B. objective and relaxing
C. experiential but exhausting
D. personalized and unforgettable
(C)
The water off the coast of northwcst Grecnland is a glass-likc calm, but the puddles (水坑) on the rcgion's iccbcrgs arc a sign that a transformation is underway higher on the ice sheet.
Several days of unusually warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting, made visible by the rivers of meltwater rushing into the occan. Temperatures have been rumning around 60 degrees Fahrenheit —10 degrees warmer than normal for this time of year, scientists said.
The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and 17 this year alone一6 billion tons of water per day - would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to data from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Each summer, scientists worry that they will sce a repeat of the record mclting that occurred in 2019, when 532 billion tons of ice lowed out into the sea. An unexpecedly hot spring and a July heat wave that year caused almost the entire ice sheet's surfacc to melt. Global sca level rose permancntly by 1.5 millimcters as a result.
Greenland holds enough ice一if it all melted - to lift sea level by 7.5 meters around the world. The latest research points 10 a more and more threatening situation on the Northern Hemisphere's iciest island.
“Unprecedented (史无前例的)”rates of melting have been observed at the bottom of the Greenland ice sheet, a study published in Fcbruary found, causcd by hugc quantitics of mcltwatcr flowing down from the surfacc. This water is particularly concerning because it can destabilize the sheet above it and could lead to a massive, rapid loss of ice.
And in 2020, scientists found that Greenland's ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no returm. The ratc of mclting in rccnet years cxcceds anything Greenland has expcricnccd in the last 12,000 years, another study found — and enough 10 cause measurable change in the gravitational feld over Greenland.
At the East Greenland Ice-core Project - or EastGRIP - research camp in northwest Greenland, the work of scientists to understand the impact of climate change is being affected by climate change itself.
Aslak Grinsted, a climate scicntist at the University of Copenhagen's Nicls Bohr Institutc, said that they have been trying to get flights into the camp but the warmth is destabilizing the landing site.
Before bhuman-causcd climatc changc kicked in, tcmpcratures ncar 32 dcgrccs Fahrcnbcit therc werc unbcard of. But since the 1980s, this region has warmed by around 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit per decade - four times faster than the global pace — making it all the more likely that temperatures will cross the meling point.
63. The passage is mainly written to _____.
A. alert people to the rapid melting of Greenland’s ice sheet
B. arouse people’s awareness of protecting the environment
C. inform people of the large amount of ice Greenland holds
D. reveal to people the cause and effect of the rise in sea level
64. What does “a transformation” in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Climate change.
B. A rise in sea level.
C. Global warming.
D. The melting of ice.
65. What can be learned about the ice that melted in 2019?
A. It repeated a record melting of the ice sheet several years ago.
B. Its amount was the largest ever and lifted sea level permanently.
C. It was enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools.
D. Its melting rate was so rapid as to result in an unexpectedly hot spring.
66. It is implied in the passage that _____.
A. climate change is a result of human activities
B. the study of climate change is being made easier
C. the melting of Greenland’s ice sheet is reversible
D. temperatures increase 1.5°F or so each decade globall
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A.The company has already achieved several milestones since it was founded.
B.Its goal is to create sustainable meat products to replace meats such as beef, chicken and even fish.
C.The layers of meat and fat can be regrouped in different proportions to create different flavor experiences.
D.Additionally, producing meat without having to raise and kill cattle may work out better for ensuring animal welfare and
overall health.
E. The meat product is the first of its kind and was created using a specific 3D-bioprinting technology that was recently patented
by the company.
F. In the final steps, the muscle cells and fat cells are turned into meat, ready to be processed into the final product, whether
it’s a burger, steak, or even a meatloaf.
Israeli Company Develops 3D Printed Beef
If there were an award for the funniest company name of 2022, then the 3D printed meat company “Steakholder” would win that award.
Israeli company Steakholder Foods Ltd. has introduced its new product, Omakase Beef Morsels, which are bioprinted with cultured meat. The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef, famous for its fat marbling patterns (大理石花纹) in the meat, which is also very expensive.
The company was formed in 2019 and has an office in Israel and Belgium, and is now expanding its operations to the US. 67_____
Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef, and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks. 68_____ A bite can be made juicier, chewier, and the taste can also be altered.
The process works by first selecting the animals to extract (提取) the stem cells from. The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield. The next step is proliferation, in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply. When the cells reach appropriate numbers, the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells. 69_____ “This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,” said Arik Kaufman, CEO of Steakholder Foods. “It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes.”
70_____ Its patent for 3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation
between its 3D printing engineers and cell biologists. “We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food, technology and fine art,” Kaufman said. “We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences.”
So there you have it, guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as for as possible.
Chatbots
What if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website, you could type a question and get an immediate, customized answer? Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites.
There are two types of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot follows a script, which may or may not involve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users’ messages. An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses. Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries, compared with closed chatbots. Communicating with them feels more natural, but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.
One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time, even in the middle of the night. Plus, a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once. This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face. These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.
However, in order for chatbots to work, humans are still indispensable (不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially, train them, and maintain and improve the chatbot system. Further, even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions, and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot. Thus, chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents. Rather, they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣，何必费口舌打听呢？(bother)
73. 尤其令人担心的是现如今如何保护方言成了老大难问题。

(too…to)
74. 这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。

(survival)
75. 漫步在这古典园林中，四处可见各式木门，它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色。

(hang)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
76. 假设你是中华中学高三学生徐晶，校团委为了帮助高三学生缓解学习压力，拟利用本月最后
一个星期五下午开展一个高三年级减压活动，目前正在向全年级同学征求活动意见。

你给校团委
王老师写一封邮件，内容须包括：
➢你的建议；➢你的理由。