配套K12高考英语词汇20练习含解析

词汇（20）
李仕才
复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）
【单句单词语法填空】
1． You ______ be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
答案：must 空后为动词原形，故此处只能填助动词或情态动词；根据下文内容可知此处是说话人的猜测，因为有“据”可循，所以非常肯定，故填语气最为强烈的情态动词must，意为“一定”。

句意为：你一定是卡罗尔。

这么多年后你一点儿都没变。

根据语境可知，此处应该用情态动词表示推测，由下文“这么多年后你一点儿也没变”可推知此处为非常肯定的猜测，故填must，意为“一定”。

2．—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we______ bring anything with us?
答案：needn't 句意为：——我已经为野餐准备了各种食物。

——你的意思是我们不必带任何东西了吗？根据句意可知填needn't，意为“不必要”。

3．(2015·四川，2改编)You________be careful with the camera.It costs！
答案：must 根据空后的动词原形be可知此处填情态动词，根据句意和后面的感叹号可知这是说话人提出的要求，且语气非常强烈，因此只能填must。

句意为：你必须要小心使用相机。

它很贵重！根据下文的It costs！可知，此处是说话人对使用相机的人提出的要求，must意为“必须”，表示说话人主观上的要求，语气强烈。

4．(2015·北京东城模拟改编)—The fire in the supermarket last night was terrible！
—They ________ have taken some measures to prevent it occurring.
答案：should 考查“情态动词＋have done”结构。

句意为：——超市昨晚的火灾很可怕。

——他们本应该采取一些措施来预防火灾的发生。

这里表示“应该做某事而实际上未做”，所以用should have done结构，故答案为should。

5．(2015·北京，29改编)—Can't you stay a little longer？
—It's getting late.I really________go now. My daughter is home alone.
答案：must 句意为：——你不能再呆一会儿吗？——天色晚了。

我真的必须得走了。

我女儿一个人在家。

根据语境中“天晚了”和“女儿一个人在家”可知，这里表示必须得走了。

must意为“必须”。

核心单词
1.performance n.[C] 演出，表演；[U]履行，执行
2.period n. 时期，时代
3.permanent adj. 永久的；持久的
4.permission n. 允许，许可，同意
5.personally adv. 就自己而言
6.persuade vt. 说服，劝说
7.phenomenon (pl.phenomena) n. 现象
8.physical adj. 物理学的；身体的；物质的
9.pianist n. 钢琴家
10.picnic n. [C] 野餐，野餐食物
vi. (picnicked, picnicking) (去)野餐，举行野餐
11.plain n. 平原；平地；旷野
adj. 平坦的；简单的；朴素的；清晰的
12.platform n. 平台；站台；讲台
13.pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，舒适的
14.polite adj. 有礼貌的，有教养的
15.politician n. 政治家
16.pollution n. 污染
17.popular adj. 流行的，受欢迎的
18.portable adj. 手提式的
19.position n. 位置
20.positive adj. 确信的；明确的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的
21.possession n. 所有，拥有；财产，所有物
22.possibility n. 可能，可能性
23.postpone vt. 推迟，延期
24.potential adj. 可能的；潜在的
n. 潜力
25.poverty n. 贫穷
重点短语
1.in company with 与……一起
in conflict with 与……冲突
in common with 与……有共同之处
in connection with 与……有联系
in cooperation with 与……合作
in harmony with 与……和睦相处/协调一致
2.in/out of condition 健康状况好/不好；保存(养)得好/不好
on condition that... 如果……；在……条件下
on this/that condition 在这种/那种情况下
【阅读理解】
In the tiny village of Angelica, New York, the post office is more than a place to ge t mail or send packages. There you’ll find the heart of this lovely community. It’s where villagers meet and greet friends.
When Angelica’s post office was threatened with being closed in the 1980s，a villager，Pat, came up with a plan to save it. “At Christ mas time I would hear on the news about towns named Snow or Bethlehem having celebrations,” says Pat, “Why couldn’t we do the same thing with Angelica?”
Pat, who is an artist，created a postal cancellation (邮戳) design featuring an Angelica angel.
She drew her angels in a traditional fashion and submitted her suggestion to the U.S. Postal Service. Once approved, the drawing was carved into a cancellation stamp that could be used for one day only. The postmistress (女邮局局长) then had another idea to make the day even more special calling the post office Angel Station.
The large increase in mail amount saved Angelica’s post office from being closed and keeps the doors open today.
Now it’s tradition that on the first Friday in December，people come to Angelica to mail their Christmas cards. Each year the amount of mail going through the Angelica Post Office increases during late November and early December. Stamp collectors from around the world have accepted the Angel Station cancellation, some sending mail from as far away as France.
Because the stamp is destroyed each season, Pat draws a new angel that conveys season’s greetings from Angel Station every year. Post offices may close in other parts of the country, but this tiny one continues.
1.What did Pat do to save the post office?
A. She invented a new cancellation.
B. She hosted Christmas celebrations.
C. She gave the office a better name.
D. She designed a special set of stamps.
2.Which of the following can best describe Pat?
A. Curious and friendly.
B. Humorous and intelligent.
C. Creative and warm-hearted.
3.What can we learn about Angelica’s post office from the passage?
A. It was completely closed in the 1980s.
B. Its name has been changed many times.
C. It is also the centre of local social life.
D. Its stamp remains the same each season.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了Angelica邮局及制作邮票的人Pat。

1.A 【解析】细节理解题。

根据文中Pat, who is an artist，created a postal cancellation
(邮戳) design featuring an Angelica angel.的描述可知为她发明了一个新的邮戳，故选A。

3.B 【解析】推理判断题。

根据文中Because the stamp is destroyed each season, Pat draws
a new angel that conveys season’s greetings from Angel Station every year.的
描述可知它的名字曾经被改过很多次，故选B。

写作句式
强调句型
1.(2016·北京高考书面表达)It was his continuous efforts that caused China to change gradually.
正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生变化。

2.(2015·江苏高考书面表达)But rules alone don’t secure an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.
但是制度本身不能保证一个有秩序的社会，遵守规则的人才是重要的。

3.(2015·四川高考书面表达)By the way, I do hope that you can help me improve my English writing ability, especially the proper use of vocabulary and some important grammar.
顺便说一下，我确实希望你能帮助我提高英语写作能力，尤其是正确使用词汇和一些重要语法的能力。

我读我练
Ⅰ.词汇应用
1.Joe gathered the boys and girls of the neighbourhood for a picnic(野餐).
2.To cut down PM 2.5 is a tough task.Cities have to consider economic development while dealing with air pollution(污染).
3.Your performance (perform) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of learning by yourself.
4.She begged her mother to give her permission (permit) to go on a trip.
5.In this peaceful land, people live__in__harmony__with__nature(与大自然和谐相处), far away from the noise and worry of the outside world.
6.Having been out__of__condition (健康状况不佳)for several weeks, he decided to travel.
Ⅱ.句式仿写
1.正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。

It__was__your__help__and__kindness__that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.
2.只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。

It__is__only__by__listening__to__and__understanding__each__other__that problems between parents and children can be settled.
3.尽管戒烟对我父亲来说很难，他有30年的烟龄，但最终他确实戒掉了。

It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking, who smoked for 30 years, but in the end he did__manage__it.
【练习】
It is known that some students cheat in exams.It has three reason.First of all ，there are so many exams. Beside ，the exams given are difficulty in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because of they are too lazy.The last reason is to please our parents and teachers.For some students ，low marks brought them great pressure and make them depressing.
In my opinion ，cheating in exams are wrong.We should take active attitude to our studies ，and try to get a mark what is true as well as good.
【答案】
It is known that some students cheat in exams.It has three reason reasons
.First of all ，there are so many exams.Beside Besides ，the exams given are difficulty difficult
in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because ﹨o f they are too lazy.The last
reason is to please our their parents and teachers.For some students ，low marks brought bring
them great pressure and make them depressing depressed
. In my opinion ，cheating in exams are is
wrong.We should take ∧an active attitude to our studies ，and try to get a mark what that/which
is true as well as good. 第一处：reason→reasons。

考查名词复数。

根据three 可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。

第二处：Beside 改为Besides 。

考查副词。

besides 作副词讲时是“除此之外”的意思，而beside 为介词，意为“在……旁边”。

根据the exams 前的逗号可知，此处应用副词，故将Beside 改为Besides 。

第三处：difficulty→difficult。

考查形容词。

此处应用形容词difficult 作are 的表语，表示“困难的”。

第四处：删除of 。

考查连词。

“they are too lazy”为一个完整的句子，其前应该是一个连
词，故删除介词of。

第五处：our→their。

考查代词。

根据上文中的“they are too lazy”可知，此处应该用their。

第六处：brought→bring。

考查动词时态。

全文时态均为一般现在时，本句是对客观事实的陈述且根据and后的make可知，应用一般现在时。

第七处：depressing→depressed。

考查形容词。

此处depressed是分词形容词，作宾语补足语，宾语them指人。

第八处：are→is。

考查主谓一致。

动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故用is。

第九处：active前加an。

考查冠词。

attitude是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且在读音以元音音素开头的形容词active之前，故用an。

第十处：what→that/which。

考查定语从句。

根据语境可知，此处应用that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a mark。