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Waterworld《未来水世界(1995)》完整中英文对照剧本

未来The polar ice caps have melted,两极冰盖融化covering the Earth with water.地球被淹没在海洋中Those who survived have adapted...幸存者逐渐适应了这个...to a new world.新世界Bad luck, English.你真倒霉But the Slavers are producing a good grade of poxy these days.奴隶贩子正在做合成松香Cost you a handful of dirt... or maybe that wind chime.跟你换一半泥土风铃也许What are you doing here? Just waiting.你在这里做什么? 等生意Take your hand off the sail.别碰船帆Take it off!我说别碰I've seen your boat before. Haven't seen you.我看过你的船没见过你Took it legal.这可是合法的Previous owner was dead on the tiller when I found it.我发现这艘船时主人早死了You had another hour before I traded up again.你考虑一小时不然我就找别人Just improving my means.我得替我自己打算Well, I owe you then. No, thanks.算我欠你个人情不用了I got all the supplies I need. Just came from an atoll.我刚离开一个环礁给养很充足Eight days east, if you're interested.想去就往东走八天航程Two drifters meet, something needs to be exchanged. I know the code. 浪人碰面通常都要交换些东西我知道规矩But I'll give you this one for free.Nothing's free in Waterworld.水世界没免费的东西Smokers.机动人Just enough wind to get away clean.风势够我从容开溜Forget the bag.别管那玩意了It's not worth it. You'll never make it with your sails down. 不值得想跑就快升帆吧What can I say?算你倒霉Joe, he's going for it. What the hell?乔他要去抢那东西搞什么鬼?Never seen that before.没见过这玩意Here we go! Go! Drive! Drive!上呀冲呀Faster! Faster!快点快点Come on! He's gonna get it! He's gonna get it!快点要被他抢走了Pick her up! Get it! Get it!快逮他快啊Oh, no!不Inbound! Straight out from the gates.有船来大门前方English.英语Flag's down, drifter. We got enough traders.别升旗了今天不交换东西What he got?他拿的是什么?Dirt.泥土Open the gates!开门Bones to berries.尸体长果子血脉变蔓藤These tendons to trees. This blood to brine.肢骨化为大树血浆变盐水Too old she was.她衰老而死This woman does leave us, recycled and enshrined...这女人离我们而去被引领我们的...in the presence of Him who leads us.上帝收回What is that?那是什么?You know me?认识我吗?I know what you are.我知道你Good. Then you know if you look for trouble while you're here, 你知道要是你在这惹麻烦You’ll find more than you can han dle.你就会吃不了兜着走You got two hours.你有两个小时I'll only need one.我只需要一小时He's coming over here.他过来了Me. You each get one...给我每人一个...if everything's here when I get back.但要帮我看好船Pure dirt.很纯的泥土3.2 kilos.3.2公斤How'd you come by so much of it?哪儿找的这么多泥土?Another atoll 30 horizons west of here.向西30个水平线的环礁Where'd they get it?他们从哪儿拿来的?They didn't say. We heard about that place...他们没说听说那地方的人...that they was all killed.都被杀光了...That's why they didn't say. Smokers?所以他们才没说机动人干的?Maybe Smokers, maybe Slavers.也许是机动人也许是奴隶贩So what's the word? We trading or not?值多少? 想交换吗?We'll tally it like, uh, pure hydro.我们就用干净的淡水计算Works out to... 62 chits.换给你62份I want twice that.我要加倍I just want one sip of hydro! No, not till you tell me. 我想喝口水除非你告诉我She got inkings on her back. I seen her.她背上有图案我看过They say if you read the marks on the child,听说如果能读懂那小孩背上的符号&hearts;they'll lead ya all the way to Dryland.你就能找到陆地Dryland's a myth. Some still believe.陆地只是神话可有人想信They say the Smokers even got an eye out for her. 他们还说机动人也在找这小女孩Well, then, we'd better keep it to ourselves.那我们最好保守秘密Help you?能帮你吗?Where's the store? You found it.商店在哪里? 这里就是You don't have much.没什么东西You the man with the dirt?你就是带泥土来的人?Skoal.敬一杯One more. Make it two.再来一杯两杯A man this rich will buy for a fellow outwater, I'm sure.你这么有钱应该请客吧One.一杯That's an interesting pair of boots you got.你这双靴子真不错Trade? No.想换吗? 不Shame.可惜Enola. Hey, what are you doing?伊诺雅你在干什么?No, you can't do that. I need another piece. I want to draw some more. 不行我要再拿一块去画画I'll get it to you. Just stay in the back.我拿给你快到后面去With all those chits, you could order up a bath.你有这么多水你可以洗澡了Have you ever had a freshwater bath? Why are you talking to me?你用清水洗过澡吗? 你为什么找我说话?Just being friendly.只想交个朋友Is that a tomato plant? Yeah.那是蕃茄树吗? 对You have a keen eye.好眼力Saw one in a picture. How much?我在图上看过多少钱?Half your chits.你一半的钱I'll take them too. Take what?那些我也要还要什么?You bought everything. I'll take them shelves.你都买&hearts;&hearts;光了我要那架子So, what did you see out there in your 15 months?这十五个月你都看到些什么?Such as? An end to all this water.比如说? 海水的尽头Asking the wrong person.你问错人了The one they buried today?今天埋葬了一个人?She found the only end there is.这里就是她的尽头I've got a proposition for you, Mariner.航海人我有个提议I'm not staying. We're not asking you to. All we want is your seed. 我不会留下来我们没要你留下来我们只要你的种We can look to our own for impregnation,找自己人让她怀孕也行but too much of that sort of thing gets... undesirable.只是这样子生下的孩子不是很好When she's pregnant, you go on your way...当她怀孕后你就能走了...with all the supplies you need.你想要什么就拿什么You don't have anything. You're dying.你们一无所有快绝种了No man stays out that long and turns down a woman.单身航海这么久不该拒绝女人He's hiding something. Maybe he's a Smoker spy.他一定在隐瞒什么也许是机动人间谍When the elders say so, you can leave,长老让你走你才能走and not before.要不然甭想离开Gills.鳃Mutation! He's a mutant!变种人他是变种人My hand!我的手Throw the nets!快撒网By what right...你凭什么...You pay me to keep the peace.你请我来维持和平This isn't it.这不算和平He has killed one of ours. He was defending himself.他杀了我们一个人他只是自卫He needs to be destroyed! Kill him. Let's kill him.我们要消灭他宰了他That may be, but not here and not like this.也许吧但不能就这样随便杀人What is it?那是什么?It's tight. I can't get it off.太紧了打不开Open the gate.开门Is it a map?那是地图吗?You'd tell me if you knew, wouldn't you, Enola?伊诺雅知道就跟我说好吗?What are you drawing? I don't know.你在画什么? 不知道Helen, look. Look at the prodigal child's latest vision.海伦你看看这小天才的最新幻想How soon before we can leave? I don't have any idea yet where we can go. 我们什么时候能走? 我还不知道去哪儿呢I haven't figured out the tattoo on her back.我还没弄懂她的纹身I'm a stupid man. The answer's right there.我很蠢答案就在眼前It's just beyond me.我却搞不懂Maybe he knows.也许他知道Oh, yes, I see. They are webbed.我看得出来那是蹼One, two, three, four... ten digits. That's wonderful.1 2 3 4... 有10个趾头太棒了They tell me, too, that you have gills.他们说你有鳃Isotropic gills. Are they merely vestigial or are they functional now?放射状的鳃他们只是痕迹还是真的有用?My name is Gregor. I've just come to pay you a little...我叫葛雷格我来看看你...Oh, my God.真是的I'm sorry. I'm not laughing at you.抱歉我不是笑你I'm excited. Your gills. They're functional.我很兴奋你的鳃真能用Ichthyic sapien. You can breathe in the water.你是鱼人你能在水里呼吸How deep can you go? Look, I'm only here...你能潜多深? 我来只是...because I want to learn more about you.因为我想多了解你You don't like humans very much, do you?你不太喜欢人类是吧?I can't say that I blame you. But tell me:我也不怪你告诉我Are all of your kind as bad-tempered as you are?你的同类脾气都那么坏吗?I have no "kind." Oh, fish rot.我没有同类胡说I'd be surprised if there weren't others, and if there aren't,你肯定还有同类就算现在没有there will be eventually.最终也会有的Anyway, I've come here because I need to ask you a question. 我来是要问你一个问题Where... Where did your dirt come from?你的泥土从哪儿来的?Is it from Dryland?从陆地来的吗?Do you know what this is?你知道这是什么吗?The ancients... They did something terrible, didn't they?古时候的人做了坏事To cause all this water. Hundreds... Hundreds of years ago.几百年前他们导致了这场大水If I tell you, will you open this lock?如果我说你肯开锁吗?I haven't a key.我没钥匙There's a mooring cleat down there. What?用防滑钉开锁什么?Good as any key. A mooring cleat?能当钥匙用防滑钉?I won't hurt anyone. I'll just leave.我不会伤人我只想离开I'll be right back. Gregor!我马上回来葛雷格What's your business there?你在那里干什么?Move along! I'm not a brave man.快走吧我胆子很小If you know anything about Dryland, please tell me. Please! 要是你有陆地的消息请跟我说Don't let it die with you.求你别把秘密带进棺材No, no, no, no. Stop!别这样Gregor! Move along!葛雷格快走After considerable deliberation of the evidence at hand, 经过慎重考虑证据之后it is our decision that this mute-o...我们认为这变种人...does, indeed, constitute a threat.对我们构成威胁Therefore, in the interest of public safety,因此为了公共安全he is hereby sentenced to be recycled...我在此判决依照惯例...in the customary fashion.将他处死Proceed.行刑I'm sorry.对不起Bones to berries.尸体长果子Veins to vines.血脉变蔓藤His tendons to trees. His blood to brine.肢骨化为大树血浆变盐水Too strange for life he was.和以往不一样的生活This mute-o now does leave us,这个变种人离我们而去recycled and entombed...被引领我们的...in the presence of Him who leads us. 上帝收回Smokers! Dead out of the sun!机动人东边To your posts!大家各就各位Kill! There!杀那里We are safe behind these walls.在城墙内很安全Aren't we?是吧?Let me out!放我出来Let me out! I'll fight!让我帮忙Give me the key to the city now.给我拿下这座城Let's go! Let's go! Let's go!出发开始Floor it! Floor it! Floor it!加速加速Swab it! Swab it!快擦枪Break down the door!把门撞开My God!天哪We'll have this atoll in no time.这环礁快是我们的了Crank it! Crank it!快摇快摇Look!看!Look out!小心Oh, no!糟糕You get that going! Fill them up!快加油Helen, come quickly!海伦快来Helen!海伦You're not supposed to go yet!还不能走呀Infernal machine!可恶的机器Gregor. Gregor, wait!葛雷格等等Helen, I tried. There was an accident. I can't make it stop. Hurry! 海伦我在想办法这是意外停不下来You can make it if you try. Run! Up those stairs. Run! Quickly!快上来走楼梯快点I'll throw you a rope. Run quickly!快点我把绳子丢给你Throw the rope now. Run, Enola. Slow down! Wait!把绳子丢下来等等Throw the rope. No! No! Wait!把绳子丢下来等等Gregor, don't leave us! Oh, no!别丢下我们不I'm sorry! It was an accident!对不起这是意外Helen! Enola! Helen, I'm sorry!海伦伊诺雅对不起Shoot him. Shoot him.打下来If I let you out of here, you're taking us with you.我把你放了你要带我们走Sure.好Enola, get down.伊诺雅蹲下Here. Get over here. Get down.这边蹲下Hurry! Come on!快点Get the gate.去开大门Hurry up!快点Kamikazes. Come on!神风队冲呀That made a hole.炸了个洞Find her! Get the girl!去抓小女孩There!在那里Go get that guy! Go! Kill him!逮住那家伙You're too slow! Run to the other side. 你太慢了到另一边去Come on!快呀Grab on! Hold on, hold on.抓紧...I'm stuck! I can't make it through!卡住了我出不去Let her go!放开Just drop her!让她下来Turn the wheel. The wheel! Turn it!快去推齿轮快推齿轮That! Come on! Push it!这个快呀快推I am! Hurry! Now pull!我在推用力拉Push it! Push it hard! Push it hard!用力推...Okay, okay! Now pull this! Pull this!拉这个...Pull! Pull it! Hurry!拉啊...Enola, jump.伊诺雅跳Don’t Look at me. Jump! Now!别看我快跳Well, excuse me! Did I say anybody could leave before the battle was over?我说过还没打完就能开溜吗?Did I? No! No!说过吗没有Well, do something. I hate sails.那就快干我恨帆船Hey! Can you steer?嘿你会开船吗?Can I trust you?能相信你吗?Answer me this, somebody. Why is that boat still firing?谁能告诉我这艘船为什么还在开火?What's that cousin's name? Chuck.那兄弟叫什么? 查克Hey, Chuck! He's pulling him right into us.查克他把船拉向我们Maybe he doesn't answer to "Chuck." Call him "Charles." Charles!他没反应叫他查尔理试试Stop him! Stop him!快阻止他快呀Charles!查尔理Adios, cousins.再见表兄She's here somewhere. Keep looking.她一定在这里继续找Stop it!住手What you got? Couple of heartbeats over there. Aren't saying much.有什么收获? 几个小角色什么都不知道If you'll notice the arterial nature of the blood coming from the hole in my head, 如果你注意到我的血顺着我头上的洞流出来you can assume that we're all having a real lousy day.你就知道我今天很不爽So here it is: I need to know about that tattooed girl.现在我直说我要找纹身女孩First one that tells me lives.谁先说谁活命I saw a girl. I saw, I saw... It was... She had a big tattoo on her.我看到了女孩她身上有纹身You won. Start over.你赢了重新来I saw a girl. I'm not sure,我看到了这小女孩but I think she got on that boat with three hulls.她好像上了那艘三体船But I think she got on that boat with three hulls.我想她就是上了那艘双体船The boat that cost me a thousand G's of gojuice? Yeah, the muteo's boat. 那艘让我损失惨重的船对变种人的船Muteo? Yeah. He got these slits here.变体人? 他这里有裂口Like... Like fish gills.就像鱼的鳃He wasn't really a man.其实他不是人A fluke of evolution.进化的突变Oh, I'm sorry. A fluke of, uh...对不起突变...Evolution. I know!进化我知道No! No, you said you wouldn't kill me! Did I say that?不你说过不会杀我我说过吗?Witnesses, anybody, did I? Yes, yes, yes! You said...谁听见我说过? 对对你说...You said it. Oh, I may have.你说过也许是吧I may have.也许吧We get to the Deez,我们回帝斯号&hearts;吧Take up that sky boat; send it out on patrol.快派飞机出去巡逻We gotta keep an eye out...我们要留意...for that ichthyic-freak.那个怪物You been there, haven't you?你到过那儿对吧?Dryland?陆地?You know where it is.你知道在哪里Yeah, I know where it is.对我知道And, uh... And we're going?我们要去吗?You and I are.你和我去The kid we gotta pitch over the side.我们要把孩子丢下船What? My boat's tore up.什么我的船受损I'm taking on water.开始进水I'd be lucky to get half a hydro ration out of that.我只有一半的淡水了You know... I said I won't drink.你知道... 我可以不喝For 12 days?十二天?No. It's better one of you dies now...最好你们其中一个现在就去死...than both of you die slow.免得你们一起死Wait. Wait.等等We saved your life. We got you out.我们放你出来救了你一命No, you got me out so you could get out. We're even. 你救了我但你也逃出来了大家互不相欠She can cook. She can fish.她会煮菜抓鱼So can I. Then take my necklace. Take my necklace. 我也会我给你项链I got better ones below. No, look!我下面有更好的不听着After what you went through back there on the atoll, 我理解你在城里的遭遇I can understand why you would want to.我也理解你的想法But she's a child.可是她只是孩子Is there something else then?你还想要别的?Enola! Go below.伊诺雅下去Enola.伊诺雅Yeah. You said so yourself...你说你...Been out there a long time.出海很久了Couple hours ago, I was potential dirt to you.几小时前你们想把我变成泥土We're not like that. You all are.我们不是那种人你们都一样Know what I was really thinking?你知道我是怎么想吗?Why I don't drop both of you in my wake right now. 我为什么不现在把你们丢下船You got nothing I need.我不需要你们You're taking us to Dryland.把我们带到陆地Killing's a hard thing to do well.杀人并不容易Believe me. I'm not the one to start on. Both of us! 杀我更不简单我也一样How long you plan to hold that on me?你打算指着我多久?As long as it takes.多久都行Okay. No!好吧不Let me out of here!让我出来Where the hell are you? Don't you touch my child. 你在哪别碰我孩子Come here!过来Okay, now don't move, okay? There.你别动这里Oh, looking real good, yeah.看来不错There. There.行了All done.弄好了Now, there may be some small problem in depth perception. 视野可能会有点小问题Well, it better not screw up my short game.最好别影响我开枪Well? Looks good. I like it. Yeah.怎么样? 看起来不错I like it better than your real eye. Much better.比你真的眼睛好看好看多了What do you say, Toby? The truth. Looks like shit.你觉得呢多碧? 老实说像狗屎That's why I love children. No guile.我就喜欢孩子率直It does look like shit.真的像狗屎And it feels like cold shit!像冰狗屎Deacon? What...帝刚...I'm sorry. It’s just that there's a problem in the pit.对不起油坑里有点问题Maybe you should come.也许你该去看看Let's drive.咱们飙车吧The pit. Don't bother with the scenic route.去油坑别看风景Drive!开车Hey, it's driving better.开起来更顺手了Get off!让开Get over there. Get out of the way.闪开让路All right, all right, all right. Okay, okay.好了好...You guys are great. Bless all you cousins over there.你们很棒各位表兄祝你们好运Keep up the good work. Growth is progress. Growth is progress.继续努力有成长就有进步Somebody! Hey, up there!有人吗?Take it off!开盖子Yes. Your Deaconship.什么事? 帝刚大人Hello. Good morning. Or night,早安还是晚安whichever the case may be.随便啦What is it? I'm a busy man. I thought you should know.有什么事? 我是大忙人我应该让你知道We're down to exactly...我们还有...four feet, nine inches of black stuff.四英尺九英寸深的黑东西了Thank you, sir.谢谢你How many G's is that after refining? Maybe three refuelers.还能炼出多少油? 也许三艘加油船We'll burn through that in two lunars. Sweet Joe!还够用两个月老天Will somebody please tell me what's happened to this place?有人告诉我这出了什么问题?We outgrowed it.这里人太多了All right, the only thing that is important is the tattooed girl.现在最重要的是找到纹身女孩We don't spare any go-juice finding her.为了找她我们不能省油We don't waste it anywhere else. You cancel all those tractor pulls... 别的地方就别浪费马上停止牵引机...and all that stuff until later.和其他机器You got it?你明白吗?Dryland is the mother lode.陆地就是乐土On your toes.加把劲Excellent.太好了Hi. Move.嗨闪开Enola! Enola, come here!伊诺雅过来Come on!过来Enola, come over here.伊诺雅过来What are you doing? Decorating your boat. It's ugly.你在干什么? 装饰你的船它好丑Where did you get this? From down below.你从哪儿拿来的? 下面This is mine! You don't touch anything of mine.这是我的我的东西不能碰I drew it for you. You don't draw on anything. You understand? 我是为了你画的别到处乱画明白吗?What...什么...This is my boat. I got it the way I like it.这是我的船我喜欢这样子You take up space and you slow me down.你们占了空间减慢了速度You know, she's just a little girl.她只是个小女孩She doesn't know your rules. You wanna stay?她不懂规矩想留下来吗?You teach her.就去教教她Enola, what'd I tell you?伊诺雅我是怎么说的?You're not so tough. You know that?你没那么狠知道吗?How many people have you killed?你杀过多少人?Ten? Twenty?十个? 二十个?You talk a lot. I talk a lot cause you don't talk at all.你话太多那是因为你不讲话Now how many?多少人?Including little girls? I'm not afraid of you.包括小女孩? 我才不怕你I told Helen you wouldn't be so ugly if you cut your hair. 我跟海伦说你剪短发没那么丑In fact, you talk all the time.你在旁边唠叨It's like a storm when you're around. Enola!好像台风一样伊诺雅Hey! What are you doing?嘿你干什么?Helen! You bastard! She can't swim!你这浑蛋她不会游泳Help me! Helen!海伦救我Helen, help me!海伦快来救我Helen!海伦Helen, help me!海伦救我Helen! Helen!海伦Hold on!撑着点Look at me. Look at me. Look at me.看着我看着我Oh, please, come back. Please!求求你回来Please! Oh, please!求求你Hold on. Okay, almost...撑住快了...Thanks. I swear,谢谢我发誓if you ever touch her again...你敢再碰她...You son of a bitch. Look at me.浑蛋看着我You will go to bed that night, and you will never wake up. 你上&hearts;床&hearts;以后就会一睡不醒Shut up. What?闭嘴什么?Smokers? Yeah.机动人对Can't we outrun them?我们能跑掉吗?Not with my sail down.没拉帆不行What are you thinking about? That's a nice touch.你在干什么? 运气不错That's them.他们在那里Don't hit the kid.别打到那孩子Coward!懦夫Fuck!妈的No!住手Cut it!砍断Come on! Come on!快啊Oh, I'm really sorry.真是抱歉I'm sorry. But you didn't give me much choice.真抱歉你让我别无选择Oh, I know.我知道But you ran away. L... What?但你开溜了What are you do... No! Please, no! No!你干什么? 别这样Don't ever touch anything on my boat again.别碰我船上的东西She said she was sorry!她说她很抱歉That means you're supposed to say something back! 所以你也得说点好话Did you say something?你在说话吗?The child... did he have the girl with him?那小女孩和他在一起吗?Seems to me if we launch now,如果我们现在出发we can cut him down just about here.就能在这里截住他If he doesn't change course. Ah, it's not likely.要是他没改变航道的话应该不会He's a wily one, that ichthyic-demon.那个鱼怪挺聪明的Yeah, if he knows he's been spotted,他只要知道自己被盯上he'll expect us to expect him to change course,就会想我们会猜他改航道which is exactly why he'll keep his heading.所以他不会改航道The important question is, where's he heading?问题是他要上哪儿And does he know how precious his cargo is?他知不知道船上乘客的重要I say that he's headed here, and we take him here. 他会到这里我们在这里拦他Drifter?浪人?Are we gonna stop?我们要停下来吗?Look at the flag! His flag's up.看那旗子他升旗了I thought you all stopped for each other.我以为你们都互相帮助Well... maybe he has some food!也许他有食物Don't find many who follow the rules anymore.大家都不守规矩了Well, make it quick. What's your business?有话快说你想交易?Trade.交换东西You got any resin?你有松香吗?Resin? He's gotta be out of his mind... I don't have any resin. 松香? 他疯了... 我可没有松香You been outwater a long time, haven't you?你在海上很久了对吧?Must be joking me, man. Resin! You don't got enough.松香? 别开玩笑你的东西不够换How about food?有食物吗?Could you say that again, please?你说什么?How about food? Ah, yeah, food.有食物吗? 食物Yeah, that'd be good, eh?有东西吃多好?I haven't eaten in, well, you know, forever.我好久没吃东西了Which one of you two is a cook?你们哪个是厨子?Cause I usually fall for the waitress.我通常喜欢泡女服务生Like you said, I don't have much.像你说的我东西不够Now listen, eh? Let's see. What do I have to do?让我想想我要点什么?We can start with that wee orchard you got over there.那边那些植物如何?All right, hold it there.好你别乱来We can talk. Fair enough.咱们谈谈可以It's a nice rod, isn't it?钓竿不错I like that rod. It's a nice rod.我很喜欢钓竿很棒Got yourself a wee harem going here now, do ya?你这里是妓院吗?What you want for the women?这女人怎么卖&hearts;&hearts;?We're not for sale.我们不卖&hearts;&hearts;Not for sale? There's no such thing as not for sale.不卖&hearts;&hearts;? 什么都能卖&hearts;&hearts;"Not for sale"! Not for sale, eh?怎么不能卖&hearts;&hearts;?Are they a pair or would you consider selling them separate? No.要买&hearts;&hearts;一对还是可以分开买&hearts;&hearts; 不Our business is done here unless you got some resin for sale you can part with. 除非你有松香否则没得好谈I told you once already, I don't have it.我说过我没有I-I-I don't have it. Don't have it. Don't have it.我没有...Haven't seen neither for trade in lunars now. Wait. Wait, wait, wait.好久没见过那玩意等等I do have something that'll make you change your mind.有样东西会让你改变主意Something that you can't pass on.你肯定不会错过的好货I took it off an Atoller refugee camp.我在环礁难民营找到的The life savings of the entire clan.全族人的积蓄Paper.纸张It's paper. Have you ever seen paper? Look at it.你见过纸张吗? 你看看Smell it.闻闻看I been saving it for a special trade.我特地留着换好货Don't you do it.别答应他You know, maybe I'm talking to the wrong person here.也许我找错人了Whose boat is this? Is it your boat or your boat?这艘船到底是谁的? 船是你的还是你的?No. No, it's his boat. But he doesn't own us.船是他的但我们不是Half an hour.半小时Out of his mind something there.他疯啦I got two pages in here, man! I mean,我有两张纸I'd get half a dozen girls with this, you know.我可以换半打姑娘Half an hour.半小时You trading or not? Don't.不要拉倒不行Shut up.闭嘴Okay.好吧Forty-five minutes with the wee one right there.小姑娘四十五分钟I like to do the talking, if you know what I mean.我这人喜欢交流懂吗?No!不行Fair. Come, come, come, come, come!来吧来吧No. My boat.别在我船上Fair enough. Fair enough. Good, good, good. Aye. Helen.那也行很好海伦Sit down. Enola, just do as he says.坐下来照他的话做It's been a while for me now.我有一阵子没碰女人Guess it's been more than a while, actually.真的有很久了I've only got half an hour. Half an hour, half an hour, half an hour... 我们只有半小时半小时...Great, great, great...好极了...You're so beautiful. Aye! Anyone ever told you that?你好美有人说过吗?Give me that. What are you doing? It's just a game.给我你在干什么? 玩玩而已Oh, I, um... I, uh... We was just playing.我们只是闹着玩The trade's off.交易结束了I changed my mind.我改变了主意Well, um... Well, you can't do that.你不能反悔I mean, a deal's a deal, eh?生意就是生意I just did.我反悔了She's mine. Aye. No. No, no I own her. But... No.她是我的我不答应...Go on. Get, get, get. Go, go, go. Good, good.走吧... –很好...But don't go too far now. This won't take but a minute.别走得太远我马上把他搞定I hate this boat. I hate this boat!我恨这艘船You bastard.你这狗&hearts;娘&hearts;养&hearts;的You... You're pretty stingy for a man who's got everything, aren't ya now? 你有这么多东西还那么小气you bastard!狗&hearts;娘&hearts;养&hearts;的Where's me boat?我的船呢?Where's me boat?我的小船呢?Help me to me boat.带我到船上Ow! Me boat.我的船Me boat.我的船What the... No!你... 不Never catch anything with this. It's useless.用这玩意什么都钓不到Look, I'm sorry. You were right about the pole.听着对不起你说得没错You were right, but we have to eat.可是我们得吃东西Now I know you can hear me!我知道你能听到Now we can fish for ourselves. You show us what to do. 我们可以自己抓鱼教教我们You must know how. Even you gotta eat!你一定会你也要吃东西You just sit there.你们坐着别动What... I don't know.搞什么... –不知道Happy now?高兴了吧?You don't like my singing, do you?你不喜欢我唱歌&hearts; 对吧?Helen says you don't like my singing cause you can't sing. 你不喜欢我唱歌&hearts; 是因为你不会Ever try and listen? To what?你试着聆听过吗? 听什么?The sound of the world.世界的声音I don't hear anything. That's because you're too loud,什么也听不到因为你太吵了and you're moving around all the time.你总是动来动去Try sitting still.试着安静的坐着Eyeball?鱼眼?I wish I had feet like his.真希望我有那种脚Then maybe I could swim.那样我就会游泳了Enola.伊诺雅Sorry.抱歉Never met a person couldn't swim before.没见过不会游泳的人I can't.我就不会People say I was weird.人家都说我很怪Maybe they were right.也许他们说的对Maybe they were right about you too.也许你也怪Enola wanted to give you this.伊诺雅要把这个还给你And this.还有这个She won't take it again.她不会再偷了You don't look much like her.你们长得不像Well, I'm not her mother, if that's what you're asking. You act like it. 我不是她的亲妈妈你却把她当亲女儿What are those marks on her back?她背上的图案是什么?Nothing. They're just fanciful things.没什么只是好看而已Like what she draws? She draws what she sees.她在画什么? 她画她看到的事She's like a mirror.她像镜子一样People on the atoll thought she was a...大家都认为她是...Freak?怪胎?I just thought she was special.我只觉得她很特别I'm not giving it to her. It's just...我不是给她只是...A loan.借Yeah. I'm not giving it to her.对我不是给她Is Dryland beautiful?陆地很美吗?。

新世纪大学英语第四册课文和翻译

Unit One Text A Man in the Realm of NatureAlexander SpirkinHuman beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by "blood" ties and we cannot live outside nature.Man is not only a dweller in nature, he also transforms it. Humanity converts nature's wealth into the means of the cultural, historical life of society. Man has subdued and disciplined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society. Not only has man transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, he has also changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals.As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows. Our distant ancestors lived in fear of nature's destructive forces. Very often they were unable to obtain the merest daily necessities. However, despite their imperfect tools, they worked together stubbornly, collectively, and were able to attain results. Nature was also changed through interaction with man. Forests were destroyed and the area of farmland increased. Nature with its elemental forces was regarded as something hostile to man. The forest, for example, was something wild and frightening and people tried to force it to retreat. This was all done in the name of civilisation, which meant the places where man had made his home, where the earth was cultivated, where the forest had been cut down.But as time goes on mankind becomes increasingly concerned with the question of where and how to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production. Science and man's practical transforming activities have made humanity aware of the enormous geological role played by the industrial transformation of the earth.At present the previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole, has shown ominous signs of breaking down. The problem of the so-called replaceable resources of the biosphere has become particularly acute. It is getting more and more difficult to satisfy the needs of human beings and society even for such a substance, for example, as fresh water. The problem of eliminating industrial waste is also becoming increasingly complex.Modern technology is distinguished by an ever increasing abundance of produced and used synthetic goods. Hundreds of thousands of synthetic materials are being made. People increasingly cover their bodies from head to foot in nylon and other synthetic, glittering fabrics that are obviously not good for them. Young people may hardly feel this, and they pay more attention to appearance than to health. But they become more aware of this harmful influence as they grow older.As time goes on the synthetic output of production turns into waste, and then substances that in their original form were not very toxic are transformed in the cycle of natural processes into aggressive agents. Today both natural scientists and philosophers are asking themselves the question: Is man's destruction of the biosphere inevitable?The man-nature relation – the crisis of the ecological situation – is a global problem. Its solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature, not just by individuals, enterprises or countries, but by all humanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis situation in the "man-nature" system is to use such resources as solar energy, the power of winds, the riches of the seas and oceans and other, as yet unknown natural forces of the universe.But to return to our theme, the bitter truth is that those human actions which violate the laws of nature, the harmony of the biosphere, threaten to bring disaster and this disaster may turn out to be universal. How apt then are the words of ancient Oriental wisdom: live closer to nature, my friends, and its eternal laws will protect you!人在自然界| 亚历山大·斯伯金人类生活在大自然的王国里。

《万物简史》序言节选及英文版

《万物简史》序言节选及英文版欢迎，欢迎。

恭喜，恭喜。

我很高兴，你居然成功了。

我知道，来到这个世界很不容易。

事实上，我认为比你知道的还要难一些。

首先，你现在来到这个世界，几万亿个游离的原子不得不以某种方式聚集在一起，以复杂而又奇特的方式创造了你。

这种安排非常专门，非常特别，过去从未有过，存在仅此一回。

在此后的许多年里，（我希望）这些小粒子将任劳任怨地进行几十亿次的巧妙合作，把你保持完好，让你经历一次极其惬意而又赏心悦目的旅程，那就是生存。

为什么原子这样自找麻烦，这还搞不大清楚。

形成你，对原子来说并不是一件心旷神怡的事情。

尽管它们如此全神贯注，组成你的原子其实对你并不在乎--实际上甚至不知道你在哪里。

它们实际上也不知道自己在哪里。

它们毕竟是没有头脑的粒子，连自己也没有生命。

（要是你拿起一把镊子，把原子一个一个从你的身上夹下来，你就会变成一大堆细微的原子尘土，其中哪个原子也从未有过生命，而它们又都曾是你的组成部分，这是个挺有意思的想法。

）然而，在你的生存期间，它们都担负着同一个任务：使你成为你。

原子很脆弱，它们的献身时刻倏忽而过--简直是倏忽而过，这是个坏消息。

连寿命很长的人也总共只活大约100万个小时。

而当那个不太遥远的终结点或沿途某个别的终点飞快地出现在你眼前的时候，由于未知的原因，你的原子们将宣告你生命的结束，然后散伙，悄然离去成为别的东西。

你也就到此为止。

不过，这事儿还是发生了，你可以感到高兴。

总的来说，据我们所知，这类事情在宇宙别的地方是没有的。

这的确很怪，原子们如此大方、如此协调地聚集在一起，构成地球上的生物，而同一批原子在别处是不肯这么做的。

不说别的，从化学的角度来说，生命只有这个世界上才有，真是不可思议：碳、氢、氧、氮、一点儿钙、一点儿硫，再加上一点儿很普通的别的元素--在任何普通药房里都找得着的东西--这些就是你的全部需要。

原子们惟一特别的地方就是：它们形成了你。

当然，这正是生命的奇迹。

ThoreauReader瓦尔登湖中英文原版

2. Where I Lived,and What I Lived forThoreau Reader - Walden Contents - Next ChapterAt a certain season of our life we are accustomed to consider every spot as the possible site of a house. I have thus surveyed the country on every side within a dozen miles of where I live. In imagination I have bought all the farms in succession, for all were to be bought, and I knew their price. I walked over each farmer's premises, tasted his wild apples, discoursed on husbandry with him, took his farm at his price, at any price, mortgaging it to him in my mind; even put a higher price on it--took everything but a deed of it--took his word for his deed, for I dearly love to talk--cultivated it, and him too to some extent, I trust, and withdrew when I had enjoyed it long enough, leaving him to carry it on. This experience entitled me to be regarded as a sort of real-estate broker by my friends. Wherever I sat, there I might live, and the landscape radiated from me accordingly. What is a house but a sedes, a seat--better if a country seat. I discovered many a site for a house not likely to be soon improved, which some might have thought too far from the village, but to my eyes the village was too far from it. Well, there I might live, I said; and there I did live, for an hour, a summer and a winter life; saw how I could let the years run off, buffet the winter through, and see the spring come in. The future inhabitants of this region, wherever they may place their houses, may be sure that they have been anticipated. An afternoon sufficed to lay out the land into orchard, wood-lot, and pasture, and to decide what fine oaks or pines should be left to stand before the door, and whence each blasted tree could be seen to the best advantage; and then I let it lie, fallow, perchance, for a man is rich in proportion to the number of things which he can afford to let alone.My imagination carried me so far that I even had the refusal of several farms--the refusal was all I wanted--but I never got my fingers burned by actual possession. The nearest that Icame to actual possession was when I bought the Hollowell place, and had begun to sort my seeds, and collected materials with which to make a wheelbarrow to carry it on or off with; but before the owner gave me a deed of it, his wife--every man has such a wife--changed her mind and wished to keep it, and he offered me ten dollars to release him. Now, to speak the truth, I had but ten cents in the world, and it surpassed my arithmetic to tell, if I was that man who had ten cents, or who had a farm, or ten dollars, or all together. However, I let him keep the ten dollars and the farm too, for I had carried it far enough; or rather, to be generous, I sold him the farm for just what I gave for it, and, as he was not a rich man, made him a present of ten dollars, and still had my ten cents, and seeds, and materials for a wheelbarrow left. I found thus that I had been a rich man without any damage to my poverty. But I retained the landscape, and I have since annually carried off what it yielded without a wheelbarrow. With respect to landscapes,"I am monarch of all I survey,My right there is none to dispute."(1)I have frequently seen a poet withdraw, having enjoyed the most valuable part of a farm, while the crusty farmer supposed that he had got a few wild apples only. Why, the owner does not know it for many years when a poet has put his farm in rhyme, the most admirable kind of invisible fence, has fairly impounded it, milked it, skimmed it, and got all the cream, and left the farmer only the skimmed milk.The real attractions of the Hollowell farm, to me, were: its complete retirement, being, about two miles from the village, half a mile from the nearest neighbor, and separated from the highway by a broad field; its bounding on the river, which the owner said protected it by its fogs from frosts in the spring, though that was nothing to me; the gray color and ruinous state of the house and barn, and the dilapidated fences, which put such an interval between me andthe last occupant; the hollow and lichen-covered apple trees, nawed by rabbits, showing what kind of neighbors I should have; but above all, the recollection I had of it from my earliest voyages up the river, when the house was concealed behind a dense grove of red maples, through which I heard the house-dog bark. I was in haste to buy it, before the proprietor finished getting out some rocks, cutting down the hollow apple trees, and grubbing up some young birches which had sprung up in the pasture, or, in short, had made any more of his improvements. To enjoy these advantages I was ready to carry it on; like Atlas,(2) to take the world on my shoulders--I never heard what compensation he received for that--and do all those things which had no other motive or excuse but that I might pay for it and be unmolested in my possession of it; for I knew all the while that it would yield the most abundant crop of the kind I wanted, if I could only afford to let it alone. But it turned out as I have said.All that I could say, then, with respect to farming on a large scale--I have always cultivated a garden--was, that I had had my seeds ready. Many think that seeds improve with age. I have no doubt that time discriminates between the good and the bad; and when at last I shall plant, I shall be less likely to be disappointed. But I would say to my fellows, once for all, As long as possible live free and uncommitted. It makes but little difference whether you are committed to a farm or the county jail.Old Cato,(3) whose "De Re Rustica" is my "Cultivator," says--and the only translation I have seen makes sheer nonsense of the passage--"When you think of getting a farm turn it thus in your mind, not to buy greedily; nor spare your pains to look at it, and do not think it enough to go round it once. The oftener you go there the more it will please you, if it is good."I think I shall not buy greedily, but go round and round it as long as I live, and be buried in itfirst, that it may please me the more at last.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------The present was my next experiment of this kind, which I purpose to describe more at length, for convenience putting the experience of two years into one. As I have said, I do not propose to write an ode to dejection, but to brag as lustily as chanticleer in the morning, standing on his roost, if only to wake my neighbors up.When first I took up my abode in the woods, that is, began to spend my nights as well as days there, which, by accident, was on Independence Day, or the Fourth of July, 1845, my house was not finished for winter, but was merely a defence against the rain, without plastering or chimney, the walls being of rough, weather-stained boards, with wide chinks, which made it cool at night. The upright white hewn studs and freshly planed door and window casings gave it a clean and airy look, especially in the morning, when its timbers were saturated with dew, so that I fancied that by noon some sweet gum would exude from them. To my imagination it retained throughout the day more or less of this auroral character, reminding me of a certain house on a mountain which I had visited a year before. This was an airy and unplastered cabin, fit to entertain a travelling god, and where a goddess might trail her garments. The winds which passed over my dwelling were such as sweep over the ridges of mountains, bearing the broken strains, or celestial parts only, of terrestrial music. The morning wind forever blows, the poem of creation is uninterrupted; but few are the ears that hear it. Olympus (4) is but the outside of the earth everywhere.The only house I had been the owner of before, if I except a boat, was a tent, which I used occasionally when making excursions in the summer, and this is still rolled up in my garret; but the boat, after passing from hand to hand, has gone down the stream of time. With this more substantial shelter about me, I had made some progress toward settling in the world. This frame, so slightly clad, was a sort of crystallization around me, and reacted on the builder. It was suggestive somewhat as a picture in outlines. I did not need to go outdoors to take the air, for the atmosphere within had lost none of its freshness. It was not so much within doors as behind a door where I sat, even in the rainiest weather. The Harivansa (5) says, "An abode without birds is like a meat without seasoning." Such was not my abode, for I found myself suddenly neighbor to the birds; not by having imprisoned one, but having caged myself near them. I was not only nearer to some of those which commonly frequent the garden and the orchard, but to those smaller and more thrilling songsters of the forest which never, or rarely, serenade a villager--the wood thrush, the veery, the scarlet tanager, the field sparrow, the whip-poor-will, and many others.I was seated by the shore of a small pond, about a mile and a half south of the village of Concord and somewhat higher than it, in the midst of an extensive wood between that town and Lincoln, and about two miles south of that our only field known to fame, Concord Battle Ground; but I was so low in the woods that the opposite shore, half a mile off, like the rest, covered with wood, was my most distant horizon. For the first week, whenever I looked out on the pond it impressed me like a tarn high up on the side of a mountain, its bottom far above the surface of other lakes, and, as the sun arose, I saw it throwing off its nightly clothing of mist, and here and there, by degrees, its soft ripples or its smooth reflecting surface was revealed, while the mists, like ghosts, were stealthily withdrawing in every direction into thewoods, as at the breaking up of some nocturnal conventicle. The very dew seemed to hang upon the trees later into the day than usual, as on the sides of mountains.This small lake was of most value as a neighbor in the intervals of a gentle rain-storm in August, when, both air and water being perfectly still, but the sky overcast, mid-afternoon had all the serenity of evening, and the wood thrush sang around, and was heard from shore to shore. A lake like this is never smoother than at such a time; and the clear portion of the air above it being, shallow and darkened by clouds, the water, full of light and reflections, becomes a lower heaven itself so much the more important. From a hill-top near by, where the wood had been recently cut off, there was a pleasing vista southward across the pond, through a wide indentation in the hills which form the shore there, where their opposite sides sloping toward each other suggested a stream flowing out in that direction through a wooded valley, but stream there was none. That way I looked between and over the near green hills to some distant and higher ones in the horizon, tinged with blue. Indeed, by standing on tiptoe I could catch a glimpse of some of the peaks of the still bluer and more distant mountain ranges in the northwest, those true-blue coins from heaven's own mint, and also of some portion of the village. But in other directions, even from this point, I could not see over or beyond the woods which surrounded me. It is well to have some water in your neighborhood, to give buoyancy to and float the earth. One value even of the smallest well is, that when you look into it you see that earth is not continent but insular. This is as important as that it keeps butter cool. When I looked across the pond from this peak toward the Sudbury meadows, which in time of flood I distinguished elevated perhaps by a mirage in their seething valley, like a coin in a basin, all the earth beyond the pond appeared like a thin crust insulated and floated even by this small sheet of interverting water, and I was reminded that this on which I dwelt was but dry land.Though the view from my door was still more contracted, I did not feel crowded or confined in the least. There was pasture enough for my imagination. The low shrub oak plateau to which the opposite shore arose stretched away toward the prairies of the West and the steppes of Tartary, affording ample room for all the roving families of men. "There are none happy in the world but beings who enjoy freely a vast horizon"--said Damodara,(6) when his herds required new and larger pastures.Both place and time were changed, and I dwelt nearer to those parts of the universe and to those eras in history which had most attracted me. Where I lived was as far off as many a region viewed nightly by astronomers. We are wont to imagine rare and delectable places in some remote and more celestial corner of the system, behind the constellation of Cassiopeia's Chair, far from noise and disturbance. I discovered that my house actually had its site in such a withdrawn, but forever new and unprofaned, part of the universe. If it were worth the while to settle in those parts near to the Pleiades or the Hyades, to Aldebaran (7) or Altair, then I was really there, or at an equal remoteness from the life which I had left behind, dwindled and twinkling with as fine a ray to my nearest neighbor, and to be seen only in moonless nights by him. Such was that part of creation where I had squatted,--"There was a shepherd that did live,And held his thoughts as highAs were the mounts whereon his flocksDid hourly feed him by."(8)What should we think of the shepherd's life if his flocks always wandered to higher pastures than his thoughtsEvery morning was a cheerful invitation to make my life of equal simplicity, and I may sayinnocence, with Nature herself. I have been as sincere a worshipper of Aurora (9) as the Greeks.I got up early and bathed in the pond; that was a religious exercise, and one of the best things which I did. They say that characters were engraven on the bathing tub of King Tching Thang (10) to this effect: "Renew thyself completely each day; do it again, and again, and forever again." I can understand that. Morning brings back the heroic ages. I was as much affected by the faint hum of a mosquito making its invisible and unimaginable tour through my apartment at earliest dawn, when I was sitting with door and windows open, as I could be by any trumpet that ever sang of fame. It was Homer's requiem; itself an Iliad and Odyssey (11) in the air, singing its own wrath and wanderings. There was something cosmical about it; a standing advertisement, till forbidden, of the everlasting vigor and fertility of the world. The morning, which is the most memorable season of the day, is the awakening hour. Then there is least somnolence in us; and for an hour, at least, some part of us awakes which slumbers all the rest of the day and night. Little is to be expected of that day, if it can be called a day, to which we are not awakened by our Genius, but by the mechanical nudgings of some servitor, are not awakened by our own newly acquired force and aspirations from within, accompanied by the undulations of celestial music, instead of factory bells, and a fragrance filling the air--to a higher life than we fell asleep from; and thus the darkness bear its fruit, and prove itself to be good, no less than the light. That man who does not believe that each day contains an earlier, more sacred, and auroral hour than he has yet profaned, has despaired of life, and is pursuing a descending and darkening way. After a partial cessation of his sensuous life, the soul of man, or its organs rather, are reinvigorated each day, and his Genius tries again what noble life it can make. All memorable events, I should say, transpire in morning time and in a morning atmosphere. The Vedas (12) say, "All intelligences awake with the morning." Poetry and art, and the fairest and most memorable of the actions of men, date from such an hour. All poets and heroes, like Memnon,(13) are the children of Aurora, and emit their music at sunrise. Tohim whose elastic and vigorous thought keeps pace with the sun, the day is a perpetual morning. It matters not what the clocks say or the attitudes and labors of men. Morning is when I am awake and there is a dawn in me. Moral reform is the effort to throw off sleep. Why is it that men give so poor an account of their day if they have not been slumbering They are not such poor calculators. If they had not been overcome with drowsiness, they would have performed something. The millions are awake enough for physical labor; but only one in a million is awake enough for effective intellectual exertion, only one in a hundred millions to a poetic or divine life. To be awake is to be alive. I have never yet met a man who was quite awake. How could I have looked him in the faceWe must learn to reawaken and keep ourselves awake, not by mechanical aids, but by an infinite expectation of the dawn, which does not forsake us in our soundest sleep. I know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestionable ability of man to elevate his life by a conscious endeavor. It is something to be able to paint a particular picture, or to carve a statue, and so to make a few objects beautiful; but it is far more glorious to carve and paint the very atmosphere and medium through which we look, which morally we can do. To affect the quality of the day, that is the highest of arts. Every man is tasked to make his life, even in its details, worthy of the contemplation of his most elevated and critical hour. If we refused, or rather used up, such paltry information as we get, the oracles would distinctly inform us how this might be done.I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all themarrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to "glorify God and enjoy him forever."(14)Still we live meanly, like ants; though the fable tells us that we were long ago changed into men; like pygmies we fight with cranes; it is error upon error, and clout upon clout, and our best virtue has for its occasion a superfluous and evitable wretchedness. Our life is frittered away by detail. An honest man has hardly need to count more than his ten fingers, or in extreme cases he may add his ten toes, and lump the rest. Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity! I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand; instead of a million count half a dozen, and keep your accounts on your thumb-nail. In the midst of this chopping sea of civilized life, such are the clouds and storms and quicksands and thousand-and-one items to be allowed for, that a man has to live, if he would not founder and go to the bottom and not make his port at all, by dead reckoning, and he must be a great calculator indeed who succeeds. Simplify, simplify. Instead of three meals a day, if it be necessary eat but one; instead of a hundred dishes, five; and reduce other things in proportion. Our life is like a German Confederacy,(15) made up of petty states, with its boundary forever fluctuating, so that even a German cannot tell you how it is bounded at any moment. The nation itself, with all its so-called internal improvements, which, by the way are all external and superficial, is just such an unwieldy and overgrown establishment, cluttered with furniture and tripped up by its own traps, ruined by luxury and heedless expense, by want of calculation and a worthy aim, as themillion households in the land; and the only cure for it, as for them, is in a rigid economy, a stern and more than Spartan (16) simplicity of life and elevation of purpose. It lives too fast. Men think that it is essential that the Nation have commerce, and export ice, and talk through a telegraph, and ride thirty miles an hour, without a doubt, whether they do or not; but whether we should live like baboons or like men, is a little uncertain. If we do not get out sleepers,(17) and forge rails, and devote days and nights to the work, but go to tinkering upon our lives to improve them, who will build railroads And if railroads are not built, how shall we get to heaven in season But if we stay at home and mind our business, who will want railroads We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us. Did you ever think what those sleepers are that underlie the railroad Each one is a man, an Irishman, or a Yankee man. The rails are laid on them, and they are covered with sand, and the cars run smoothly over them. They are sound sleepers, I assure you. And every few years a new lot is laid down and run over; so that, if some have the pleasure of riding on a rail, others have the misfortune to be ridden upon. And when they run over a man that is walking in his sleep, a supernumerary sleeper in the wrong position, and wake him up, they suddenly stop the cars, and make a hue and cry about it, as if this were an exception. I am glad to know that it takes a gang of men for every five miles to keep the sleepers down and level in their beds as it is, for this is a sign that they may sometime get up again.Why should we live with such hurry and waste of life We are determined to be starved before we are hungry. Men say that a stitch in time saves nine, and so they take a thousand stitches today to save nine tomorrow. As for work, we haven't any of any consequence. We have the Saint Vitus' dance,(18) and cannot possibly keep our heads still. If I should only give a few pulls at the parish bell-rope, as for a fire, that is, without setting the bell, there is hardly a man on his farm in the outskirts of Concord, notwithstanding that press of engagements whichwas his excuse so many times this morning, nor a boy, nor a woman, I might almost say, but would forsake all and follow that sound, not mainly to save property from the flames, but, if we will confess the truth, much more to see it burn, since burn it must, and we, be it known, did not set it on fire--or to see it put out, and have a hand in it, if that is done as handsomely; yes, even if it were the parish church itself. Hardly a man takes a half-hour's nap after dinner, but when he wakes he holds up his head and asks, "What's the news" as if the rest of mankind had stood his sentinels. Some give directions to be waked every half-hour, doubtless for no other purpose; and then, to pay for it, they tell what they have dreamed. After a night's sleep the news is as indispensable as the breakfast. "Pray tell me anything new that has happened to a man anywhere on this globe"--and he reads it over his coffee and rolls, that a man has had his eyes gouged out this morning on the Wachito River;(19) never dreaming the while that he lives in the dark unfathomed mammoth cave of this world, and has but the rudiment of an eye himself.For my part, I could easily do without the post-office. I think that there are very few important communications made through it. To speak critically, I never received more than one or two letters in my life--I wrote this some years ago--that were worth the postage. The penny-post is, commonly, an institution through which you seriously offer a man that penny for his thoughts which is so often safely offered in jest. And I am sure that I never read any memorable news in a newspaper. If we read of one man robbed, or murdered, or killed by accident, or one house burned, or one vessel wrecked, or one steamboat blown up, or one cow run over on the Western Railroad, or one mad dog killed, or one lot of grasshoppers in the winter--we never need read of another. One is enough. If you are acquainted with the principle, what do you care for a myriad instances and applications To a philosopher all news, as it is called, is gossip, and they who edit and read it are old women over their tea. Yet not a few aregreedy after this gossip. There was such a rush, as I hear, the other day at one of the offices to learn the foreign news by the last arrival, that several large squares of plate glass belonging to the establishment were broken by the pressure--news which I seriously think a ready wit might write a twelve-month, or twelve years, beforehand with sufficient accuracy. As for Spain, for instance, if you know how to throw in Don Carlos and the Infanta, and Don Pedro and Seville and Granada,(20) from time to time in the right proportions--they may have changed the names a little since I saw the papers--and serve up a bull-fight when other entertainments fail, it will be true to the letter, and give us as good an idea of the exact state or ruin of things in Spain as the most succinct and lucid reports under this head in the newspapers: and as for England, almost the last significant scrap of news from that quarter was the revolution of 1649; and if you have learned the history of her crops for an average year, you never need attend to that thing again, unless your speculations are of a merely pecuniary character. If one may judge who rarely looks into the newspapers, nothing new does ever happen in foreign parts, a French revolution not excepted.What news! how much more important to know what that is which was never old! "Kieou-he-yu (21) (great dignitary of the state of Wei) sent a man to Khoung-tseu to know his news. Khoung-tseu caused the messenger to be seated near him, and questioned him in these terms: What is your master doing The messenger answered with respect: My master desires to diminish the number of his faults, but he cannot accomplish it.. The messenger being gone, the philosopher remarked: What a worthy messenger! What a worthy messenger!" The preacher, instead of vexing the ears of drowsy farmers on their day of rest at the end of the week--for Sunday is the fit conclusion of an ill-spent week, and not the fresh and brave beginning of a new one--with this one other draggle-tail of a sermon, should shout with thundering voice, "Pause! Avast! Why so seeming fast, but deadly slow"Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths, while reality is fabulous. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it with such things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights' Entertainments. If we respected only what is inevitable and has a right to be, music and poetry would resound along the streets. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existence, that petty fears and petty pleasures are but the shadow of the reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime. By closing the eyes and slumbering, and consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundations. Children, who play life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live it worthily, but who think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book, that "there was a king's son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brought up by a forester, and, growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which he lived. One of his father's ministers having discovered him, revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and he knew himself to be a prince. So soul," continues the Hindoo philosopher, "from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme."(22) I perceive that we inhabitants of New England live this mean life that we do because our vision does not penetrate the surface of things. We think that that is which appears to be. If a man should walk through this town and see only the reality, where, think you, would the "Mill-dam" go to If he should give us an account of the realities he beheld there, we should not recognize the place in his description. Look at a meeting-house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop, or a dwelling-house, and say what that thing really is before a true gaze, and they would。

新概念英语第4册课文(中英文对照)

Lesson 1 Finding fossil man 发现化石人We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write.But there are some parts of the word where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.参考译文我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。

the song of the earth第一、二章翻译

英译中材料：The song of the earth向前，向前这就是英格兰的消逝那些阴影、草地、跑道市政厅、雕刻而成的唱诗班这儿将会有书籍；它会长存在美术馆；但是所有保存下来的为我们（保存的）将会是混凝土与轮胎在20世纪末，19世纪英国最著名的两位作家是简·奥斯丁和托马斯·哈代。

年复一年他们的书以平装本的形式销售了不计其数，这是他们现代的继承者所万万没有想到的。

计算从英国图书馆借出的书籍数量的机构，为了支付合适的公共出租版权税费用来付给作者们，出版了一份年度以逝作者作品借出量的记录：奥斯汀和哈迪长期居于前列。

在美国，1990年代奥斯汀作品的库存量一度大幅膨胀，原因在于起其一系列作品成功改变成了电影。

他们作品长期以来广受好评源泉是什么?关于这个问题有一个讽刺性的答案，总结起来就是连衫裤与工作服。

奥斯汀代表着一个已经遗失了的充满了优雅、皇室礼服、礼节、豪庭中淑女绅士风度的国度。

而哈迪，与此同时，代表了怀旧的朴实、灌木篱墙、干草堆和英国橡树下的忠诚纯朴的生活。

他们两人作品的结合诠释了一种想象中的高于或低于现实世界的美好生活，在那是没有汽车横行的。

他们代表了飞利浦诗中所蕴含的精神。

玩世不恭的人会笑称对于古老南郡的怀旧之情是场文化疾病。

如果是这样的话，奥斯汀与哈迪作品的盛行无疑宣告了我们的文化正在肆虐一场传染病。

我们对于想象中的健康过去的向往一定是出现病态社会现状的信号。

简·奥斯汀死于温彻斯特市的一个小中世纪教堂。

现在想去那里的话你需要驱车穿过一条深深峡谷——感觉就像土地上的一道伤痕——这条高速公路横贯特怀福德古代白垩纪的丘陵地带。

站在艾格登荒原上空军低空飞行的喷气式飞机的轰鸣声震耳欲聋，蓝色天空之上被白色的水蒸气缎带划破，如一道烟尘在通往希斯罗机场的航线上——这可见的痕迹是航班飞机所消耗的上千加仑化石燃料燃烧后留下的。

依照奥斯汀与哈迪的看来，去就近小镇的过程只是个事件，去伦敦的旅程是躺冒险。

葛底斯堡演说中英对照全文

葛底斯堡演说中英对照全文Four score [skɔ:]二十and seven years ago our fathers祖先,先辈brought(bring) forth产生,造就on this continent大陆['kɔntinənt], a new nation ['neiʃən]国家, conceived(conceive [kən'si:v]构思,设想,持有,怀有…理念) in Liberty自由, 自主, and dedicated (dedicate ['dedikeit]) to致力于; 献身于the proposition [.prɔpə'ziʃən]见解,主张,观点that all men are created(create [kri'eit]创造,创作,创建) equal ['i:kwəl]平等的.Now we are engaged [in'geidʒd] in正忙于,正着手于,正做着a great civil ['sivil]国内的，国民间的war, testing(test考验；检验) whether that nation, or any nation so conceived(conceive[kən'si:v]构想,设想,怀有…理念) and so dedicated ['dedi.keitid]献身於某事物的; 专心致志的, can long endure [in'djuə]继续存在,持续;持久. We are met(meet相遇) on a great battle field战场; 阵地of that war. We have come to dedicate ['dedikeit]把…奉献给a portion[‘pɔ:ʃən] of一部分; 一份that field, as a final最终的；最后的resting place休息处，休息所for those who here gave献出；牺牲their lives ,(so) that that nation might live. It is altogether彻底地,完全地,整个地fitting适合的,适宜的;适当的;相称的and proper ['prɔpə]适宜的；合适的；适当的；恰当的,符合习俗（或体统）的；正当的that we should do this. But, in a larger sense [sens]含义,意义,意思, we can not dedicate以…供奉给—we can not consecrate ['kɔnsi.kreit]使圣化,把…奉为神圣—we can not hallow ['hæləu]使成为神圣,把…奉为神圣—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled斗争,抗争,抵抗here, have consecrated it, far above远远超过our poor power to add or detract[di’trækt]毁损,贬低,减损,抹杀. The world willlittle note注意, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is (necessary)for us the living活着的人, rather有些;颇为;相当, to(=It is rather necessary for us to,It is adj for sb to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是怎么样的) be dedicated here to(be dedicated to致力于,献身于) the unfinished work which they who fought (fight打仗；战斗；作战)here have thus far迄今为止so nobly ['nəubli]崇高地,高尚地advanced (advance促进；推动,向前推). It is rather (necessary) for us to be here dedicated to the great task任务,工作remaining(remain剩下,余留,留待) before us — that from 由于,因为these honored ['ɔnəd]光荣的,荣幸的dead先烈we take使用,需要,花费increased [in'kri:st]更多的,增加的,增多的,增强的devotion[di'vəuʃən]献身，奉献to that cause [kɔ:z]事业;追求;目标;理想for which they gave the last full measure ['meʒə]度量,程度,尺度of devotion [di'vəuʃən]献身;奉献(终极之奉献,最后一次全力以赴,鞠躬尽瘁死而后已) — that we here highly高度地,高标准地resolve [ri'zɔlv]作出决定,下定决心that these dead shall not have died in vain[vein]徒劳的,枉然的,无结果的,无用的,无效的— that this nation, under God上帝的保佑下, shall have a new birth新生;重生of freedom自由,自主— and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish [‘periʃ]消亡,毁灭,被摧毁from the earth(与世长存,永世长存).注：Of the people, By the people, For the people，即民有、民治、民享，即为人民所拥有的，被人民所选出的，为人民而服务的。

Planet Earth《地球脉动(2006)》第一季第九集完整中英文对照剧本

行星地球我们陆地的边缘都是浅海域Our planet's continents are fringed by shallow seas.它们挨着大&hearts;陆&hearts深很少地超过200米深，大&hearts;陆&hearts深有时可能延伸达几百英里Rarely more than two hundred meters deep they lie on the continental shelves which may stretch sometimes for hundreds of miles再往下就是漆黑的深渊before the sea floor drops into deeper darker waters.尽管浅水域仅仅占据了8%的海洋All together they constitute a mere eight percent of the world's oceans不过大多数的海洋生物都生活在这里but they contain the vast majority of it's marine life.海洋英配解说:大卫•爱登堡一只雄性座头鲸正在用歌&hearts;声吸引雌鲸来交&hearts; BE&hearts;A male humpback whale sings to attract a mate.座头鲸刚刚回到它的热带地区的浅海繁殖地The whales have just returned to their breeding grounds in the shallow seas of the tropics. 幼鲸才刚刚几周大The calf is no more than a few weeks old.虽然已经三米长，一吨&hearts;重还是比较虚弱，也容易受攻击Despite being three meters long and weighing nearly a ton, he is nonetheless vulnerable. 不过幸好有妈妈照料but his mother watches over him疲劳的幼鲸被妈妈托上浮上水面好让它呼吸空气and, as he begins to tire, she supports him close to the surface so that he can breathe more easily.赤道附近的浅海是个非常理想的托儿所These shallows around the equator are excellent nurseries.温暖，平静，很少有掠食者They're warm, calm, and contain very few predators.顽皮的小座头鲸每天要喝500公升奶The playful calf is now drinking five hundred liters of milk a day但是它的妈妈却饿的要死but his mother must starve.在这里母鲸没有东西可以吃There is nothing for her to eat here.和多数热带浅海域一样Like many tropical shallow seas这片明净的水域实际上没有什么生机these crystal clear waters are virtually lifeless.虽然充满阳光但是这里主要缺少浮游生物生长所需的养分They receive year round sunlight but they lack the nutrients essential for the growth of plankton.母座头鲸接下来要困在这里大约5个月The mother will be trapped here for the next five months 等到小鲸足够强壮了,才开始到极地进食点的旅行until her calf is strong enough to make the journey to the feeding grounds, near the poles.Coral reefs are oases in a watery desert 多数热带浅海比较荒凉Most tropical shallows are barren不过珊瑚礁汇聚着地球上四分之一的海洋生物but these coral havens contain one quarter of all the marine life on our planet 珊瑚礁是珊瑚虫的产物Reefs are the work of polyps 一种象小海葵的有机生命群体tiny colonial animals like minute sea anemones 可是它们生成的大堡礁甚至可以在月球上看到yet the great barrier reef is so big it can be seen from the Moon.大堡礁由超过2000个独&hearts;立&hearts;珊瑚礁组成绵延在澳大利亚东北部海岸，长度超过1000公里It's actually two thousand separate reefs that together form a barrier stretching for over a thousand miles along Australia's northeastern coast不管有多大Despite it's vast size这里珊瑚礁也不可能容纳全部的海洋生物this reef does not contain the greatest variety of marine life on the planet让我们去印度尼西亚的北部看看For that one must travel north to Indonesia.印度尼西亚的这些珊瑚礁所容纳的各种鱼类几乎跟全加勒比海一样多There are individual reefs in Indonesia that contain almost as many kinds of fish as live in the whole of the Caribbean.而且珊瑚物种也要多十倍There are also ten times the number ofcoral species.Corals thrive in these waters with the help of microscopic plants, algae that grow within the tissues of the polyps珊瑚虫利用触手抓食经过它身边的食物and the polyps feed by snaring passing morsels with their tentacles.到了晚上,共生藻停止工作珊瑚开始释放更多的触手At night, the algae are inactive but then, the polyps put out even more tentacles 这样，珊瑚虫可以昼夜不断地有效进食so coral in effect feeds around the clock.这种完美平衡This well balanced alliance brings benefits不仅有益于给珊瑚虫和藻类to both polyps and algae and between them,同时也把荒凉的海洋变成了绚丽的花&hearts;园&hearts;they turn the barren seas into rich gardens.The Indonesian reefs contain such a variety of life 因为它处在一个巨大的十字路口because they lie at a giant crossroads. 这里是两个大洋的交$匚处印度洋和太平洋This is the meeting place for different seas the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. 在这里，每样物种都要仔细观察Here everything demands a closer look. 在这株海扇上，有2只”珊瑚虫”不像珊瑚虫On the surface of this sea fan, there are two polyps that are not polyps. 豆丁海马-全世界最小的海马，身长不到两公分They're pygmy sea horses, the world's smallest, less than two centimeters high. 这2只雄性豆丁海马正在为争夺领地They are males, settling a territorial dispute, 相互撞头攻击by head butting.电光灯？An electric flash?当然不是，这是火蛤蜥在表演No, the display of a file clam.蛤的肉质外壳的这种非常特别的规律性闪电Perhaps this extraordinary pulsation of the clam's fleshy mantle 是在警告咬它的小鱼？is a warning to frighten away nibbling fish, 不过真正原因无从知晓but no one really knows这里也有蛇许多的蛇And there are snakes here, too, lots of them. 这是巨环海蛇These are banded sea crates.它们在陆地上产卵，在水里捕食They lay their eggs on land but they hunt here in the water. 它们直接捕食鱼速度跟不上They're too slow to catch fish in a straight chase 因此就在珊瑚礁的裂缝和暗处寻找猎物so they seek prey that is hiding in the nooks and crannies of the coral. 它的剧毒能立刻让受害者全身麻痹，动弹不得Their bite is highly venomous and paralyzes their victims. 在这个珊瑚礁里,海蛇并不是单独行动And on this reef the snakes do not hunt alone.许多的黄色绯猊鲤和它的同伴们也在寻找同样的猎物Shoals of yellow goatfish and trivali are seeking similar prey 它们引起了海蛇的注意And they attract the snakes1 attention.它们也加入进来，开始扫荡珊瑚礁As one group of hunters searches the reef they're joined by the other. 至少有30条海蛇加入到了这个队伍At least thirty snakes have now joined the caravan.大鱼将猎物吓到裂缝里The big fish scare the prey into cracks那里,海蛇就能抓住它们了and there the snakes can catch them这样从海蛇嘴里逃跑的猎物也将直接送到这些大鱼嘴里And anything fleeing from the crates will swim straight into the mouths of the waiting trivali. 猎物们没有地方可以躲藏There's nowhere to hide.As the raiders scour the reef, more and more snakes join the hunt 这种鱼蛇之间的合作This cooperation between snakes and fish,引人入胜只是最近才被发现.因为它发生在偏僻的印尼珊瑚礁spectacular though it is, has only recently been observed, for it only happens on the most remote reefs in Indonesia.或许这种事情曾经发生在印尼的大多数珊瑚礁中.Perhaps such hunting alliances were once a common sight 但是到现在只有不到6%的珊瑚礁还还保持着原始状态but today no more than six percent of Indonesia's reefs are in their pristine state.Beyond the coral stretches a world of shifting sand. 这里无处可藏要生存是很困难的事情Out there with nowhere to hide survival is not easy 所以伪装变得至关重要and camouflage can be crucial.如果这个家伙不动的话你说不定会以为这是块贝壳或者石头. If this wasn f t moving, you might think it was a shell or a rock. 实际上，它是条章鱼In fact it's an octopus.这条鲂鱼，它的巨大的胸鳍给它提供了很好的伪装A gurnard. It's huge pectoral fins disguise it's shape 并且它的胸鳍还可以在找寻食物的时候清理砂子and they can also help in clearing away sand when searching for food. 大教鱼藏在地下. The jawfish hides underground.拟态章鱼用强有力的触手摆出特别的姿势警告其他动物远离此地The wonderpus octopus on the other hand has such a powerful bite that it has a special warning display to tell others to keep out of it's way. 植物设法到处生根Here and there, plants manage to take root 它们成了绿海龟的食物and they're cropped by green turtles.,是流砂的世界海草是唯一在海里生长的有花植物Seagrasses are the only flowering plants that have managed to grow in the sea 海草长出叶子状的带状物以此延伸它们埋在沙子里的肉质根茎.although they put out a few ribbon like leaves they produce very extended networks of fleshy stems, risomes, that are buried in the sand.这种蓬勃的长势可以把海床覆盖在下面At their lushest they can transform the sea bed into an underwater meadow. 世界上最大的草海在澳大利亚西部的鲨鱼湾The largest expanse grows in the shallow waters of Shark Bay, in Western Australia. 这片广大的海洋牧场面&hearts;积&hearts;可达1500平方英里These vast aquatic grasslands stretch for fifteen hundred square miles像陆地上的大草原一样这里也养育了大量的食草动物-儒艮and, like terrestrial prairies, they support herds of grazers - Dugongs.儒艮是海洋里最大的食草动物Dugongs are the largest herbivores in the sea.可以长到3米长，半吨&hearts;重They can be three meters long and weigh half a ton它们除了海草什么都不吃他们不停移&hearts;动&hearts;嘴唇,把海草的肉质根茎送到口中and they eat nothing but seagrass, mostly the fleshy risomes, which they excavate with their mobile lips.这群儒艮可以在一天内吃掉足球场般大小的海草A herd can clear a patch of seagrass the size of a football pitch in a single day.食物在热带海域的分布并不平均所以要找到食物也不容易Food is not evenly distributed in the tropical shallow seas and it can take a lot of finding 象宽吻海豚这种又好奇又聪明伶俐又精神充沛的动物but bottlenose dolphins are inquisitive, energetical and very intelligent发明了一种利用浅滩钓鱼的方法and they have discovered a shoal of baitfish.它们一起赶着海浪,好让海浪把它们带到浅水域Together, they ride a wave, using it to carry them into the shallows这样，捕鱼就轻松多了and there, it will be easier to make the catch.在澳大利亚西部In Western Australia这些海豚面临着一个巨大挑战these dolphins have taken on an ever tougher challenge.鱼儿们太靠近沙滩，而那里的水才几厘米深The fish have taken refuge close to the beach where the water is only a few centimeters deep. 用有力的尾巴击晕猎物是海豚们常用的方法Tail slapping is a method dolphins often use to stun their prey不过在这里好像没有什么用处but it doesn't seem to work here.虽然已经很接近鱼儿了急人的是还是差那么一点The fish are tantalizingly close but they're still out of reach, 海豚于是开始用另一种技巧so the dolphins try another technique.用他们有力的尾巴加速Vigorously pumping their tails, they work up some speed如同水上飞机般and then, they hydroplane.这种速度让它们穿越最浅的水域，来到了鱼儿那里Their momentum carries them right through the shallowest waters, and onto the fish. 现在它们有搁浅的危险Now they're in real danger of being stranded但幸运来自勇气but fortune favors the brave.年轻的海豚在远处观看Younger dolphins lie alongside, watching不远处有8只海豚在展示这种高超的技术but so far only eight individuals here have mastered this daring technique.虽然多数热带海洋生物聚集在珊瑚礁或者海洋牧场里Although most life in tropical waters is concentrated around the coral reefs and theseagrass meadows,不过还有些例外引人入胜.there are some spectacular exceptions.巴林的戈壁沙漠The desert of Bahrain seems a very unlikely place 看上去不象是能有大量海鸟筑巢的地方可每年大约有10But every year, a hundred thousand socotra cormorants gather here to breed. 这里相当酷热It's swelteringly hot黑喉卢鸟鹳只好加速呼吸避免中暑and only vigorous panting can prevent the birds from fatal overheating. 看上去这里不是抚育后代的好地方This hardly seems a good place to rear young不过至少没有陆基的捕食者but at least, there are no land based predators here. 麻烦的唯一来源可能就是邻居了The only source of trouble is likely to be the neighbors 所以每一个鸟窝都筑在邻居啄不到的地方so each nest is built just beyond pecking reach食物从哪里来呢？But what about food?这个荒凉沙漠远离温暖的浅海There's only bare sand and the warm shallow sea beyond.而且看上去也不能提供给鸠鹳足够的食物Neither seem likely to produce enough nourishment to support bird life on this scale. 答案是刮起的大风The answer is blowing in the wind.夏马风卷起沙尘吹向波斯湾Sand whipped up by Shamals offshore winds blows into the seas of the Arabian Gulf 风把带着养分的沙尘，像肥料一样撒进大海，把这片浅海变成了富饶的渔场.With the grains come nutrients, which act as fertilizer and they transform the shallow sea into a rich fishing ground矛盾的是热浪朝天的的阿&hearts;拉&hearts;伯半岛So, paradoxically, it f s the roasted sands of Arabia that prevent the gulf阻止海湾变成另一个海中沙漠from being another desert in the sea.小座头鲸现在有五个月大了The whale calf is now five months old.它的身材也大了一倍在热带托儿所的日子也到头了He's almost doubled in size and his days in his tropical nursery are coming to an end. 在这个地方长大温暖而安全It has been a warm and safe place in which to grow up 但在这里他的母亲无法吃到任何东西but there's nothing to eat here for his mother.她在过去的八个月里一直靠储存的脂肪存活She has been living off her fat reserves for the last eight months 现在她临近饿死的边缘and she's close to starving.她现在必须离开趁她还有足够的能量在漫漫征途之中来指导和保护她的幼子She must leave now, while she still has enough energy to guide and protect her cal£ on the long voyage ahead.横越热带座头鲸调头离开赤道走向富饶而气候温和的南半球和北半球海域All across the tropics, humpbacks are heading away from the Equator towards the rich temperate seas of both the southern and the northern hemispheres.这些是更冷、更狂暴、更多危险的水域These are colder, rougher, and more dangerous waters. 母鲸和小鲸鱼必须靠得很近Mother and calf must stay close.他们可以通过拍打海面制&hearts;造&hearts;超越海洋轰鸣的的声音They can send sound signals to one another, above the roar of the ocean 以此相互传送声音信&hearts;号&hearts; &hearts;by slapping fins on the surface.在冬季气候温和的海域被风暴肆虐着In winter, the temperate seas are lashed by violent storms.湍流激起海水将深处的养分搅上来The turbulence stirs the water, and draws nutrients up from the depths 但只有养分并不能维持生命but nutrients alone can not support life.还必须有阳光There must also be sunlight春天太阳高悬空中In the spring, as the sun daily climbs higher in the sky藻类开始生长the algae start to grow.旺盛的藻类占据着亚马逊雨林般大小的面&hearts;积&hearts;它们将大海染绿Blooms the size of the Amazon Rainforest turn the seas green. 单体藻类虽然很细小但它们共同产生了我们大气中四分之三的氧气Individually the algae are tiny but together, they produce three quarters of all the oxygen in our atmosphere.藻类被一群让人困惑的生物吃掉They're eaten by an array of bewildering creatures.Salps appear in the plankton soup.这些一个个单体组成的链条可长达15米Individuals link together to form chains which can stretch for fifteen meters.他们用汲取海水，在身体里过滤分离出藻类及其他可食用微粒Pumping water through their bodies they strain out algae and other edible particles. 栉水母在水中游弋，Comb jellies cruise through the water.它们也在这个季节性美汤里蓬勃生长They too flourish in this seasonal soup 在很短的时间内,它们就能达到惊人的数量.and for short periods, they appear in astounding numbers,磷虾,一种小型虾类，如果按重量计算他们是地球上最多量的动物，一群就可达200万吨&hearts;Krill, shrimp like creatures. By weight they f re the most abundant animals on the planet A single swarm can contain two million tons of them磷虾也为鱼提供了大量的食物and that is a lot of fish food.这片温和的浅海是地球上鱼类最密集的地区The shallow temperate seas support the greatest concentrations offish on our planet 大量鱼群从海洋深处的冬歇地赶来Huge shoals migrate from their overwintering grounds in the depths在这片富饶海域进食to feed in these rich waters.鱼群也养育了世界上大多数海洋哺乳动物It's these shoals that support most of the world's sea mammals.海狮拥有捕鱼所需的敏捷和速度Sea lions have all the agility and speed needed to collect what they want 看起来他们也喜欢这样做and seemingly delight in doing so.200条暗色斑纹海豚聚集在一起紧密合作，尽情收获Dusky dolphin, often in pods two hundred strong work together to reap the harvest 它们将鱼群分成许多小群，让猎人们更加易于处理.They break up the shoals into smaller, more manageable balls, and all the hunters benefit 直到夏至海洋表面的养分全部被摄取By midsummer, the surface nutrients have all been absorbed.藻类死亡食物链因此崩溃The algae die and the food chain collapses.然而在少数特别的地方In a few special places, however气候温和的海域维持这个生命水平贯穿整个夏季the temperate seas sustain these levels of life throughout the summer. 在加利福尼亚沿海，洋流持续不断的把养分从海底带到海平面上来Along the coast of California, ocean currents carry a constant supply of nutrients up from the depths to the surface layers.这种上升洋流给巨藻带来了大量养分在夏日阳光照射下它们飞速生长These upwellings fertilize forests of giant kelp, that thrive in the summer sunshine.这片巨藻林有足有三层楼那么高The algal towers are as high as a three story house它们每天还能长半米and they can grow by half a meter a day.海藻中的生命充满戏剧性跟其他森林一样Life in the kelp is as full of drama, as in any other forest 但演员们仍不太为人知.but the cast is less familiar.一大群紫海胆正在发动进攻An army of sea urchins is mounting an attack.海胆们正在吃巨藻的固着器把巨藻固定在石头上的重要装置The urchin plague strikes at the kelp's holdfasts their crucial attachments to the rock.固着器非常坚硬Holdfasts are extremely tough,但是每只海胆有5个锋利的牙齿而且每隔几个月就换牙but each urchin has five teeth, which are self sharpening and are replaced every few months. 海胆吃掉了大&hearts;片&hearts;的海藻森林把它们变成了不毛之地.Urchins fell vast areas of kelp forest creating clearings know as urchin barrens 无法形容的荒凉.yet barrens is a poor description.百万只无脊椎动物侵袭了海床Millions of invertebrates invade the seabed.这里有可怕的大型掠食动物The most fearsome predator here is a giant.向日葵海星长达1米它喜欢吃蛇尾海星The sunflower starfish is a meter across, with an appetite for brittle stars.向日葵海星用触角来试探猎物It uses it's feet to taste for prey,在快速镜头下When it's actions are speeded up,可以清楚看到向日葵海星喜欢吃蛇尾海星,这与蛇尾海星快速逃离现场也是相吻合的it becomes clear that the predator's fondness for the brittle stars is almost matched by the brittle stars ability to get out of the way.成群的饼海胆叠加起来组成防御阵线Sand dollars flat sea urchins cluster together as a defense不过好像在向日葵海星面前没有作用But it doesn't seem to work against the sunflower starfish.向日葵海星挤出它的胃包住饼海胆直接消化其软组织The predator extrudes it's stomach, and wraps it around it's victims liquefying their soft parts, 最后只剩下饼海胆的白色骨架.Nothing is left of them, except their white skeletons.加利福尼亚寒流是季节性洋流，相对较小.The Californian upwellings are seasonal and relatively small 不过在南部非洲的大洋流带来的充足食物能满足百万只海豹的需要but in Southern Africa they're so big they create seas rich enough to support colonies of over a million seals.本格拉寒流--沿南部非洲西岸流动给海洋表面带来充足养分The Benguela Current sweeps along the western coastline of Southern Africa driving nutrient rich waters up to the surface 然后，在非洲南端（好望角）与沿非洲大&hearts;陆&hearts;以南海域流动的厄加勒斯暖流汇合and then, at the southern tip of Africa it meets the Agulhas Current, arriving from the east. 结果是，海洋养分更加丰富.The result: even richer waters.海豹在吃这里大量的鱼和枪乌贼（即觥鱼）The seals here thrive on a diet offish and squid. 在这块海洋里，觥鱼实际上要比鱼类多.In temperate seas there may actually be more squid than fish. 这是宽褶觥鱼These are choker squid,它们在厄加勒斯暖流经过的砂质浅海处产卵and they lay their egg capsules in sandy shallows bathed by the warmer Agulhas Current 每个卵囊都有100多条小觥鱼Each capsule contains a hundred tiny squid.几天后它们长出一些色斑等到成熟后,就可以用这些色斑来互相联&hearts;系&hearts;Within a few days they develop spots of pigment which, when they're adult, they will use to communicate with one another.雌觥鱼继续产卵With females continuing to lay eggs 雄觥鱼则忙于击退竞争对手而放松了警惕and males still preoccupied with repelling rivals, the squid drop their guard. 黄貂鱼Stingray.短尾黄貂鱼身长可达2米Short tailed stingray can be up to two meters across.它是世界上最大的一种？与之相称的还有它的胃口They're the largest of all the stingrays, and they have appetites to match- 还有掠食者在游弋Another predator is on the prowl.南非虎头鲨The aptly named ragged tooth shark.虎头鲨可以长到3米长Raggies grow to three meters long,不过还有2倍于它的鲨鱼在和它们一起分享这片水域but they share these waters with a shark twice their size. 大白鲨The great white.地球上最大的掠食性鱼类The largest predatory fish on the planet黎明时分,南非海狗离开聚居地去捕鱼Each dawn cape fur seals leave their colony to go fishing. 要到达远海To reach the open sea,它们必须穿越一片狭窄的水域they must cross a narrow strip of water大白鲨就在那里逡巡and that is patrolled by great whites.每只海豹必须拼命游泳Each seal is indeed swimming for it's life.可大白鲨让人惊奇The shark relies on surprise.大白鲨的速度和力量来自体内高速的新陈代谢The great white's turn of speed is powered by a high metabolism.它们只呆在冰冷的海里，也只有大海才有充足的食物供这种贪婪的掠食者享用They only thrive in cold temperate seas for only these waters contain sufficient food necessary to fuel such a ravenous predator.当你朝南北两极旅行更冷，更多风暴的海域才是更加富饶的As you travel towards the poles north or south the colder, stormier seas can become even richer.在南非和南极之间Midway between South Africa and the South Pole有一个与世隔绝的岛屿--马里恩岛lies the isolated island of Marion.岛屿位于气候恶劣的”咆哮西风带”The island sits in the infamous u roaring forties"不间断的大风把海底的养分送上来从而给帝企鹅提供了丰富的食物where incessant gale force winds draw nutrients up from the depths ensuring plenty of food for king penguins.帝企鹅刚刚完成了3天的捕捞航行The kings are returning from a three day fishing trip,并给孩子们带来了食物with food for their chicks不过首先它们要通过拥挤的海滩But first they must cross a crowded beach,从巨大的,暴躁的海象间开出一条路来threading their way between gigantic and bad tempered elephant seals,在这块富饶的捕鱼圣地上大约有20万只企鹅在这里繁殖The two hundred thousand penguins breeding here are testament to the richness of thefishing.小帝企鹅必须依靠它们的母亲至少一年这给它们父母带来巨大的压力King chicks are dependent on their mothers for over a year and this puts a great deal of pressure on the parents,由于不能飞企鹅必须步行穿越空旷的海滩Being flightless, the returning penguins must cross the open beach on foot海狗，来到海滩繁殖并等待企鹅的到来Fur seals, that have come to the beach to breed, are waiting for them.通常海狗以磷虾为生Fur seals normally live on krill不过现在.它们可以从富含鲸脂的企鹅身上获得意想不到的美味but these have now acquired an unexpected taste for blubber rich penguins.企鹅在海狗面前可能是轻量级选手Penguins may be featherweights by comparison但是企鹅有尖利的喙和易怒的性格but they have razor sharp bills and a feisty character.海狗可能会被啄瞎眼睛The seal could easily lose an eye.唯一的方法就是从背后抓住企鹅不过企鹅也很清楚这一点.The only safe way to grab a penguin is from behind, and the birds are well aware of that 两种动物在这地形下都显得笨拙不过企鹅更容易失败Both animals are clumsy on this terrain but the penguin has the more to lose.成功了！Made it.有三分之二的企鹅能在海狗的攻击下逃生顺利到达永远吃不饱的小企鹅身边Two out of three penguins survive the seal attacks and succeed in reaching their ever hungry chicks.座头鲸接近它们史诗般旅程的终点The humpbacks are nearing the end of their epic journeys.历时2个月，数千英里的跋涉它们进入了两极的极地海洋After two months and thousands of miles, they're entering the polar seas both in the north and the south.在遥远的北方寒冬终于过去In the far north, winter is over at last冰雪开始消融and the ice is starting to melt阿&hearts;拉&hearts;斯加（美国）西部的阿留申群岛是通向白令海的大门The Aleutian Island chain running west from Alaska is the gateway to the Bearing Sea. 随着冰雪的消退，暴烈的天气和汹涌的洋流把这片浅海搅得天翻地覆With the retreating ice, rough weather and ferocious currents stir up these shallow seas. 再加上阳光，这种组合的产生了大量的养分Add sunshine and the mix is spectacularly productive. 500万只水雉鸟从澳大利亚飞行了近万英里来到这里Five million shearwaters have flown almost ten thousand miles from Australia to get here. 总计约有8000万只海鸟到这里度夏In all eighty million seabirds come here for the summer到处都是世界上最伟大的聚集the greatest concentration to be found anywhere on Earth.座头鲸终于抵达The humpbacks have finally arrived.庞大的水雉鸟群大量捕食磷虾The giant shearwater flocks hunt the krill swarms有时它们潜到40米深sometimes diving to depths of forty meters to reach them. 一头成年座头鲸每天能吃掉3吨&hearts;磷虾A large humpback eats three tons of krill a day.夏季的极地海域是地球上最多产的The polar seas in summer are the most productive on the planet 鲸鱼昼夜不停地在此进食and the whales gorge themselves round the clock.它们现在积累的脂肪The fat reserves they lay down now可以支持到明年再来will keep them alive during the year to come不过也可能不会再来了but it may not always be this way.鱼和磷虾的产量正在迅速减少象这样的景象可能很快将成为历史Fish and krill stocks are declining so rapidly that spectacles like this may soon be part of history.一旦母鲸和小鲸到达他们的给养地它们就要分开Once the mother and calf have reached their feeding grounds, they will separate.如果幸运的话小座头鲸还要把从赤道到极地的史诗般旅程With luck, the calf will make the epic journey across the oceans from equator to pole 重复70次another seventy times让我们在浅海之间来回巡游赞叹于地球生命的丰富多彩.cruising back and forth between the shallow seas where life proliferates so abundantly on our planet。

世界地球日的资料中英对照

世界地球日的资料中英对照（最新版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。

文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如作文大全、经典美文、试题大全、教案资料、公文写作、古诗文、实用文、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic sample essays, such as essays, classic beautiful essays, test questions, teaching plan materials, official document writing, ancient poems, practical essays, other sample essays, etc., if you want to understand the format and writing of different sample essays, respect Please pay attention!世界地球日的资料中英对照关于20XX年世界地球日的资料（中英对照）The world earth day originated in the United States. In 1969, the democratic senator gaylord nelson proposed in colleges and universities across the United States environmental protection question papers, students at harvard law school was 25 years old, Dennis hayes, thus puts forward concrete thinking in the national large-scale community activities, supported by many young students. The study says the earth habitable 1.75 billion remaining timeOn April 22, 1970, the United States for the first time held a huge "earth day" activity. It marked the emergence of the environmental movement, and prompted the government to take some measures to control environmental pollution.As the beginning of modern environmental movement, "earth day" activities to promote the establishment of a number of national environmental laws and regulations. On April 22, 1990, more than 140 countries and regions all over the world and across the country held a variety of promotional events, theme is how to improve the globalenvironment as a whole. On April 22, 20XX, the 63th United Nations general assembly resolution will every year on April 22, is identified as the "world earth day.The earth and its ecological system is the humanity, the human in the future and the future to be in the economic, social and environmental balance between three aspects of demand, must be in harmony with nature and earth. Earth day aims to arouse human love the earth, the consciousness of protecting their homes, promote the coordinated development of resources development and environmental protection, thus improving the overall environment of the earth. China since the 1990 s, held every year on April 22, earth day activities, and according to the situation to determine the activity theme.The earth is the common home of human, but human activity has caused serious damage to the earth. Such as forests, lakes, wetlands of biological survival are disappearing at an alarming rate; Coal, oil, natural gas and other non-renewable energy because of excessive exploitation of dried up; Energy combustion emissions of greenhouse gas lead to global warming, the resulting problems such as the polar ice caps melt, rising sea levelsthreaten to human survival and development.世界地球日活动起源于美国。

earth 2100《地球2100(2009)》完整中英文对照剧本

我这一生目睹了纽约市被全面隔离In my life, I've seen New York City under full quarantine.美国中西部昆虫肆虐泛滥成灾The Midwest, overrun, devastated by pests.瘟疫横扫加州Plagues sweep across California.我们谁也无法预见将要发生的事And then what happened next was something none of us saw coming. 我们与时间赛跑去拯救未来It became a race against time to save our future,甚至于去创造未来to even have a future.二一零零年我幸存了下来It's the year 2100 and I survived.想要改变未来首先你得想象一番To change the future, first you have to imagine it.地球 2100"Earth 2100"现在为您呈现Starts now.在本世纪内或许在你有生之年The idea that within this century, perhaps in your lifetime,人类文明可能化为乌有的想法似乎难以置信our civilization could lie in ruins seems unbelievable.但据一些世界顶级人士的分&hearts;析&hearts;But according to some of the world's leading minds,这并不只是最坏的假设that's not just a worst-case scenario,这绝对有可能发生it's a real possibility.晚上好我是鲍勃·伍德夫Good evening, I'm Bob Woodruff.在接下来的两个小时里Over the next two hours,我们将带你进入一个we'll take you on a journey into a world可能承载着我们以及我们子孙的世界that could await us and our children.今天将有37万新生儿降生370,000 babies will be born today.让我们来冒昧地创造一个And we've taken the liberty of creating one more,一个叫露西的虚拟角色a fictional character we're calling Lucy,她将成为我们穿越这个世纪的向导who will be our guide through this century.她的人生故事不是预示将要发生什么Her life story is not a prediction about what will happen, 而是可能发生什么but what might happen.2100年6月2日这座曾经辉煌壮丽的城市This once glorious city,曾经远远地就可以看到她的夜晚灯火辉煌whose lights at night could be seen for miles,如今空空如也empty now.她高耸的摩天大厦Its towering skyscrapers,曾是我们才智的证明once a testament to our ingenuity,现在却成了我们消亡后残破的遗址now stand as crumbling monuments to our demise.也许只有艺术家才能捕捉到Maybe only artists can grasp这样的未来在警示我们什么what that kind of future really holds for us.可能这里It's perhaps in the area我们今天觉得是科幻小说里的场景that we think of today as science fiction,但可能就是这个星球非常真实的未来but that could be a very real future for the planet.一百年后如果纽约被遗弃了A hundred years from now, if New York is abandoned, 我可以想象到某些高等生物I can imagine some advanced creatures,或许是人类或许是外星人maybe humans, maybe extraterrestrials,贾德·戴蒙《崩溃》作者看着纽约说looking at New York and saying,那些无知的人啊those ignorant people, how on他们怎么可能奢望存活下来earth could they have ever expected to survive? 我知道都发生了什么I can ask myself what happened,但我要从何说起呢but where do I begin?从干旱饥荒瘟疫说起吗With the droughts, the famines, the plague?它起始于更早的时候It began long before all that.我全部都挺过来了I lived through it all.我的故事也就是大家的故事My story is everyone's story,那些上个世纪的故事the story of the last century.2100年6月2日2009年6月2日我出生于二零零九年六月二号&hearts;I was born June 2nd, 2009.人类文明到了一个转折点Civilization was at a crossroads.我们处于争取未来的赛跑中We were in a race for our future.今天我要告诉各位Today, I say to you我们面临的挑战是真实存在的that the challenges we face are real.形势严峻灾难频发They are serious and they are many.气温如预期般持续上升The temperature is expected to keep going up. 股市猛跌The stock market plunged.道琼斯工业指数道格拉斯县将发生水资源短缺Douglas County will run out of drinking water. 旱级: 4禁止户外用水要短时间内满足他们实非易事They will not be met easily or in a short span of time.本周三六年级学生出现了疑似猪流感Sixth grader came down with suspected swine flu on Wednesday.能源气候食物Energy, climate, food,人口以及经济压力population, economic pressures,其中任何单独一项挑战any one of these challenges都可能非常棘手might be very serious in itself.托马斯·霍莫·迪克森滑铁卢大学教授而它们又同时发生了But because they're happening all simultaneously,因此我们的政&hearts;府&hearts;将很难妥善处理it's going to be very difficult for our governments to cope.我看下个世纪那就像是公开竞标When I look at the next century, I feel it's up for grabs.-不断上升的海平面 -灾难性气候- Raising sea levels... - Catastrophic weather.-十年干旱 -太可怕了- Ten-year drought... - It's scary.这就是如今正在发生的事情These are things that are happening today.现在是时候行动了The time for action is now.人们从没意识到这些不安定性The world had never known such uncertainty.我们习惯于为所欲为We were used to having what we wanted and doing what we wanted. 打个比方The analogy that I would draw is...比如有人关注着自己的银行账户someone looking at their bank account,一周又一周and week after week,他们不断从中取钱享受美好人生they're withdrawing money and they're enjoying the good life.如果他们能花时间读一下银行结单If they would bother to read the statements,就会发现自己账户里的钱正不断减少they would see that the bank account is从九百美元到八百美元dropping $900, $800,到七百美元六百美元$700, $600.以此类推你会发现And at that rate you know再六个月之后美好生活that another six months of the good life将不再美好is not gonna be a good life anymore.我们表现得好像我们不再依赖环境We've acted as though we were independent of the environment. 我们焚烧化石燃料We burned fossil fuels.滥用可再生资源We've overused our renewable resources并且深信可以永远这样做in the belief that we could do that forever.人们在抱怨People are complaining我们现在遭遇的经济危机about the economic crisis we have right now.范·琼斯全民环保的创始人最糟糕的事你还没有看见呢You haven't seen nothing yet.你知道如果我们继续You know, if we continue down沿着这条自我毁灭之路走下去this suicidal pathway that we're on,总的来说也就是将生物where we basically turn living stuff变成死物并称之为经济增长into dead stuff and call that economic growth,这会看起来像美好旧时代this will look like the good old days.2012年4月24日美好旧时光尽管我所降生的世界Although the world I was born into正在耗尽太多的资源was running out of so much,水油土地water, oil, land,我仍然记得那个温馨的家I remember a loving family,大房&hearts;子绿草地a big house, green lawn,多得用不完的水more water than we knew what to do with.我的父母一定知道外面情况如何My parents must have known what was happening.我们有辆小型汽车和回收站We had a compact car and recycled.塑料纸张金属玻璃不仅仅是我们在努力And it wasn't just us.各地机敏富于创造力的人们Smart, imaginative people正急切地寻求着解决方法everywhere were working furiously on solutions.我们的政&hearts;府&hearts;耗资巨大来开&hearts;发&hearts;新能源Our government was pouring money into alternative energy.感觉像是每个人都在自己种植蔬菜It seemed like everyone was growing their own vegetable garden.风车四处涌现Windmills were sprouting up all over.人们开始理解People were beginning to understand.但是时间所剩无几But the clock was running out,大自然总是抢先一步and nature was always one step ahead.花期开始提前Flowers are blooming earlier特里·鲁特伍兹环境研究所树叶脱落也提前了and trees are leafing earlier.候鸟迁徙归来的时间也提前了Birds are coming back from migration much earlier.如果你能置身地球之外你看到的将是If you were to pull back from the Earth, what you would see is 亚尼内·拜纽什仿生学研究所所长一场难民暴&hearts;动&hearts; 如果你能看到sort of a refugee movement, if you will .物种向北迁徙And species are moving their ranges以求凉爽farther north to get to cool,从南方到北方from south to north,并且从山谷迁移至山顶and from the valleys up to the mountain tops.2014年8月27日蜻蜓之夏当然作为一个孩子我注意不到这些Of course, as a child, I didn't notice these things,也没有与之可比的事物having nothing to compare it to.我沉迷于自己的小小世界I was a little girl enchanted by my small world.直到一年夏天Until one summer,成千上万或许上百万只蜻蜓thousands, maybe millions of dragonflies不知从哪里冒了出来showed up out of nowhere.他们如此精致美丽They were delicate and beautiful我抓了一只放进罐子里and I put one in a jar.妈妈很疑惑所以查了一下My mother was puzzled and looked them up.这些蜻蜓本应该在古巴而不是迈阿密They were supposed to be in Cuba, not Miami.直到后来It was not until much later我才意识到这些蜻蜓是灾难的前兆that I realized they were a sign of what was to come.二零一五年六年时光匆匆而过It's 2015, six short years from now,最佳计划开始实行and the best-laid plans are getting underway.苏格兰附近水域的一片海浪农场正在利用海洋能A wave farm off Scotland is harnessing the ocean's energy.梵蒂冈全城皆用太阳能Vatican City has gone totally solar.在美国这儿And here in America,汽车的污染更少效率更高cars are running cleaner and more efficiently.我们仍在依赖旧能源石油Still, we cling to that old habit, oil,开采石油变得难度更高代价更大and it's getting harder and more expensive to find.2015年1月7日从东海岸到西海岸From coast to coast,加州的驾车人正在寻求motorists are searching for解决油价飙升的方法relief from soaring gas prices in California...通货膨胀后油价已经We could see a doubling or tripling of飙升至真实价格的两到三倍real oil prices, that's after inflation.托马斯·霍莫·迪克森《倒置》作者我们正在耗尽石油资源并且创造了一个社会We're running out of oil and we've created a society,2015年1月21日我们称之为美式生活方式the American way of life is what we call it,迈克尔·T·克拉尔汉普郡学院教授也就是假设石油是取之不尽的based on the assumption that oil will be plentiful forever.我们惯于生活的大型延展郊区The large spread out suburbs that we've grown accustomed to, 沿路商业区the strip malls,以及拥有大量停车位的大卖&hearts;&hearts;场the big box stores with their enormous parking lots around them, 因为廉价的汽油all of those have been made possible所有这些成为了可能because we've had cheap gasoline,随着能源价格不断提升and as energy becomes much more expensive,你会发现那些区域you'll see that those areas become愈加不适合居住less desirable places to live.2015年2月18日搬家之日出&hearts;售&hearts;房&hearts;屋屋主低价转手第一次搬家时我六岁The first time I moved, I was six.许多人离开郊区搬往市区A lot of people were leaving the suburbs for the city.那里有许多新工作你完全不需要开车There were new jobs, and you didn't need a car for everything. 我爸爸要到迈阿密的新电车系统工作My dad was going to work on the new streetcar system in Miami. 妈妈告诉我我们要住在And my mother told me we were going一幢公&hearts;寓&hearts;楼的顶层to live on the top floor of an apartment building.她说我们能够看到楼下的棕榈树She said we'd see the palm trees below us.我很兴奋但是也有一点离别的感伤I was excited, but also a little sad to leave.出&hearts;售&hearts;2015年3月13日随着石油价格的上涨As the price of oil goes up,全球经济都随着它动荡不安it will ripple through every part of the global economy.今天在华盛顿In Washington today,抗&hearts;议&hearts;人群要求遏止食品价格上涨protesters demanded an end to rising food prices.我们的农业体系几乎完全依赖廉价石油Our agriculture system is almost wholly dependent on cheap oil . 海量的柴油Tremendous amounts of diesel fuel詹姆斯·霍华德·康斯特勒《没有石油的明天》作者用于种植和收割that are used in planting and harvesting并且还要用于长距离运送这些农产品and then moving the stuff, all these vast distances.到二零一五年By 2015 in the United States,美国将会新增两千万人口add about 20 million people to the population然后想想这对消费结构产生的影响and then just play out what that does to consumption patterns. 我是说我们要养活的人数I mean, the, the number of people that we've got to feed.海蒂·卡伦气象中心气候学家从根本上说对自然资源There's just basically this slow,会产生的缓慢增长的紧张局势creeping tension for natural resources.随着美式生活变得无法持续As the American way of life becomes increasingly unsustainable, 世界上其他国家正努力赶超the rest of the world will be trying to catch up.中国人喜欢汽车The Chinese like cars.尤其大块头的车And they like big cars.中国的公路上每天有一万四千辆车行驶You have 14,000 cars out onto China's roads daily.罗斯·内勒斯坦福大学教授收入迅速提高Incomes are rising really rapidly.他们的肉食比例增加They're moving into meat-based diets.十磅谷物才能产生一磅肉You need 10 pounds of grain to get one pound of meat.迈克尔·伯伦《受防御的食物》作者世界上其他地方几乎不可能There is simply no way that the像我们这样开始吃肉rest of the world can start eating meat the way we do.如果世界人均消费量If everyone in the world都与美国人均消费齐平consumed as much as the average American,那么就要耗费四个地球的资源来it would take the resources of供养人类four Earths to support the planet's population,这带来一个问题which raises the question,降低消耗的应该是世界的其他地方should the rest of the world consume less,还是应该是美国呢or should we?尽管美国人的习惯很难克服American habits, though, are hard to break.理查德·海恩伯格邮政碳研究所高级研究员我们美国人的一贯想法就是We in the US have gotten used to the idea that we're somehow 无论如何自然资源短缺不会影响到我们immune to natural limits and这只会影响到别人it's the other people who are going to suffer.汽油售光2015年7月14日耗竭早安迈阿密Good morning, Miami.二零一五年的夏天正在成为有史以来The summer of 2015 is on track最炎热的夏天之一to become one of the hottest in history.气温预计要高达三位数Temperatures are expected to be in the triple digits.当时我和妈妈在排队加油My mother and I were waiting for gas.队伍绕着一个街区排出一圈还多The line went around the block and then some.还是老样子Nothing new.但这次所有车都原地不动了But this time, the line had stopped moving altogether.忙碌中加油站的一名员工出来手里举着标示A man who worked at the gas station came out holding a sign. 汽油已售空人们开始叫嚷从车里出来People started yelling and they got out of their cars朝那个人涌过去and started moving towards him.妈妈迅速带着我们离开了My mother got us out of there fast.2015年9月8日网络放送最近我一直在监视一处I've been staking out an area that's been偷油者泛滥的地区hit hard recently by gas snatchers.快看他他走出来径直走到车那里Look at him, he gets out, walks right up to the car.快看呀光天化日之下Look at this, right in the middle of the day.那么多辆车驶过而这些人These cars going by, and these guys are--就在那儿抽取别人车里的汽油siphoning gas out of someone's car.面对激增的对于油粮价格上升的抗&hearts;议&hearts;In the face of mounting protests over rising gas and food prices, 国会今日通过了一项议案在接下来的五年里Congress today approved a plan to fund the construction of拨款建设四十家新的燃煤电厂40 new coal-fired power plants over the next five years.政&hearts;府&hearts;采取了简单的逃避策略The country took the easy way out.煤油再一次被吹捧为所谓的拯救措施Coal was once again touted as our so-called salvation.但是煤烧得越多全球变暖得就越快But the more coal we burned, the faster our planet warmed.可以想象出You get the picture.彼得·克拉克太平洋研究所所长我们向大气排放了更多的We're spewing more carbon, more methane,碳甲烷氮氧化合物more nitrous oxide into the atmosphere.所有气候变化的噩梦都成真了All the bad things of climate change are coming true.而绝大部分人还只是照常生活And most people were just going along with their everyday lives 就像一切都没有改变一样as if nothing had changed.除非某种危机到来And until we have a crisis of some kind,否则我不认为我们会I don't think we're going to be愿意清醒过来说motivated to wake up and say,好吧我们必须改变okay, now we have to change.有时需要一个巨大的冲击才能让人们Sometimes it takes a big shock to get people,约翰·波德斯塔美国进步中心主席你知道的脱离那种you know, out of the inertia that-- that--深植于体系中的惰性that's built into the system.2015年10月21日警世醒钟琳达飓风被称作世纪风暴They're calling it the storm of the century,她具有五级风力Hurricane Linda packing Category 5 winds.大风暴并不是不寻常Big storms weren't unusual.但是这个比那些更加凶猛But this one was bigger than the others.她正向迈阿密挺进And it was headed for Miami.所有沿岸区域正被疏散All coastal regions are being evacuated.这场风暴强势着陆This storm makes landfall,我们马上会见到一场可怕的风暴潮we're going to see a tremendous storm surge.我妈妈是一名护士My mother was a nurse直到所有患者都从医院转移后and she wouldn't leave until她才会撤离all the sick were evacuated from the hospital.爸爸很担心我们无法及时撤离My father was afraid we wouldn't get out in time.我当时也很害怕I was afraid too.那些下定决心留守的人们Those who make the decision not to evacuate正面临着生命危险face life threatening danger,处于怒号&hearts;的狂风和汹涌的波涛中between the howling winds and those giant surging waves. 地球2100迈阿密现在成了一个可怕的地方Miami is a very scary place to be right now.离二零一五年只剩下六年了2015 is only six years away,但众多专家表示but many experts say that如果全世界到那时仍无法达成if the world has not reached an agreement大量减少温室气体的协议to massively reduce greenhouse gases by then,我们就永远无法挽回we could pass the point of no return.如果我们在二零一五年还是止步不前If we're still dragging our feet in 2015,约翰·霍尔德伦哈佛大学教授那么遏制全球气候恶化就it really becomes almost impossible for the world to avert 真的成为天方夜谭了a degree of climate change而我们将束手无策that we simply will not be able to manage.我们拖得越久The longer we wait without不积极地应付挑战addressing these challenges in an aggressive way,我们就越有可能the more likely it is we're托马斯·霍莫·迪克森滑铁卢大学教授自食恶果going to end up with really bad outcomes.今天上午飓风琳达过境之后This morning, in the aftermath of Hurricane Linda, 2015年10月22日我们正在看到的是迈阿密的残余景象we are seeing the first images of what remains of Miami. 社区内挤满了Neighboring communities have been overwhelmed几十万寻求避难的撤离人员by hundreds of thousands of evacuees seeking refuge. 2015年10月23日风暴过后撤离中心有飞机库那么大The evacuation center was as big as an airplane hangar. 也许它以前就是一个飞机库Maybe it was an airplane hangar.里面挤满了人简直寸步难行And so jammed with people, it was hard to move.又热又吵It was hot. It was noisy.我们在那儿待了三个星期We were there three weeks.我们也没有其他地方可去There was nowhere for us to go.大家都是如此Nowhere for anybody to go.我们关注着电视上的新闻We watched the news on TV.那时我只有六岁但是我已经I was only six, but it looked感觉到似乎整个世界陷入了困境to me like the whole world was in trouble.上个月毁灭性飓风中幸存的Some 250,000 Bangladeshi refugees二十五万孟加拉国难民fleeing from last month's devastating cyclone正在印度边境线大量聚集are massing on the Indian border.中国由于出现了十年来最严重的粮食短缺Thousands riot as China从而引发了数千起暴&hearts;动&hearts;faces its worst wheat shortages in a decade,这是无休止的干旱诱发的the result of seemingly endless drought.各国首脑齐聚华盛顿World leaders are gathering in Washington, DC出席紧急全球首脑会议to attend an Emergency Global Summit meeting.人们热切地期盼世界各国Hopes are high that the world能够达成一份历史性的气候协议might finally reach an historic climate agreement.这是历史上第一次This is the first time在全球范围内爆发的此种危机the whole planet is in that kind of a crisis世界各国必须and the whole planet has toE·O·威尔逊哈佛大学生物学家携手共进各司其职应对这一危机join in meeting a crisis of epical proportions.二零零八年在新美国安全中心In 2008, the Center for the New American Security,一个华盛顿智囊团a Washington think tank,精心筹划了一次竞技staged an elaborate game.目标是模拟一次应对气候变化的全球峰会The goal was to simulate a global summit on climate change. 会议年份设在二零一五年The year is 2015.会议背景就是露西所处的背景The context for the game is Lucy's context.迈阿密被飓风摧毁Miami has been devastated by a hurricane,孟加拉也被龙&hearts;卷&hearts;风&hearts;破坏and Bangladesh ravaged by a cyclone.扮演各国首脑的人The people who are playing the roles of global leaders其实也是来自世界各国的高层决策者are in fact high level policymakers from around the world.让我提醒各位时间所剩无几Let me be very clear, our time is running out.约翰·波德斯塔奥巴马总统的过渡期主管John Podesta, President Obama's Transition Chief,扮演联&hearts;合&hearts;国&hearts;秘&hearts;书&hearts;长&hearts;的角色is playing the role of UN Secretary General.就在今天在二零一五年的十月Indeed today, in October of 2015,没有哪个国家哪个城市免遭no country, no city is exempt from the ravages气候变化带来的劫难of climate change正如我们悲痛地目睹了as we saw so tragically重创迈阿密的五级飓风with the Category 5 hurricane that hit Miami.会议中秘&hearts;书&hearts;长&hearts;要求In the game, the Secretary General has asked for到二零二五年降低百分之三十的废气排放量a 30% reduction in emissions by 2025.美国代表队 806房&hearts;间美国队召开了一个非公开决策会议The US team holds a closed-door strategy session.对我们非常重要的一点是It's very important for us要创造性地摒弃我们异常乐观的to strike that very positive leadership tone领导腔调right out of the box.我们必须要更高效We have to be much faster更严肃地对待减少废气排放问题and more serious about emission reductions.我们需要减少百分之三十We need to do 30%.-到二零二五年吗 -到二零二五年- By 2025? - By 2025.但是对美国民众But there's a strong disagreement是否愿意做这样的牺牲about whether the American public存在着强烈的异议would be willing to make that kind of sacrifice.基本上使美国十年之内Basically, the odds of a 30%减少百分之三十排放量的几率是零reduction in the United States in 10 years is zero.这个世界将要彻底完蛋了The world is going to hell in a hand basket可我们还在说我们可以再延长一下吗and we're saying , gee , can we stretch this out?即使美&hearts;利&hearts;坚&hearts;合众国Even if the United States were愿意减少排放量willing to make these reductions,可也是一场需要各国协作的全球危机this is a global crisis that needs global action.美国队邀请中国队举&hearts;行&hearts;了一次共同会议The US calls a meeting with China.代表我们的人&hearts;民&hearts;We have an inherent采取行动是我们的天职responsibility to our people to take action.二零一五年中国和印度In 2015, China and India are实际上计划要减少超过百分之三十的in fact projected to account for more than 30%碳排放量of the world's carbon emissions.但是在模拟会议上他们却不愿意签署But in the simulation, they're unwilling to agree to a treaty 这份他们认为会限制其经济增长的协议they feel limits their economic growth.对这两个国家来说议题聚焦在了公平问题上For both countries, the issue is fairness.西方国家已经经过了The Western countries went能源密集型的发展过程through a very energy intensive development process,通过燃烧石油煤矿已经变得富强became rich by burning coal and burning oil.像印度和中国这样的国家能够同样强大吗Can countries like India and China do it如果不焚烧同样量的矿物燃料without burning as much fossil fuel as the West?我们必须更加环保We have to go greener.而你们有技术和资金You have the technology and you have the capital你们帮助我们发展一条环保之路and you're prepared to help us grow on a greener path.中国和印度表示他们China and India say they will同意减少温室气体的排放agree to the cuts in greenhouse gas emissions但是西方国家必须提供相应技术only if the West hands over the technology needed to do so. 中国还希望得到China would wish to get the technology有关第三代核电厂的技术资料for the third generation of nuclear power plants.但遭到了欧盟和美国的拒绝But Europe and the US refuse.那些技术属于私营企业The technology belongs to private companies.作为补偿他们提出会承担Instead, they offer to help改造清洁能源的费用pay the costs of switching to cleaner energy.你们建造减排工程You do the emissions reduction,而我们为and we give the money for你们完成的减排工程付钱the emissions reduction that you've done.如果一个人你知道If somebody, you know,你只有钱却没有技术you have the money but you do not have the technology,那你就无法做到减排and then you cannot reduce any emissions.整个会议都围绕着The whole summit hinges他们是否能达成谅解on whether they can come to an understanding.我们不是在施加压力So we're not putting any pressures.我们只是提个建议We're just offering,而且我认为这是个很好的提议and I think it's a good offer.我们不接受这个提议We do not accept the offer.由于中国和印度拒签The planet summit broke down today减少温室气体排放的协议when China and India refused to agree全球峰会以失败告终to cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.最终所有团队都没有达标Ultimately, all the teams fell short.也许这就是由此得出的最可悲的一点That perhaps is the, the saddest element coming out of this, 变革的步伐which is the pace of change好像总跟不上just doesn't seem to be in keeping局势的变化with the magnitude of the challenge.科学家们说如果Scientists say that if这就是我们的领导人二零一五年时的态度this is how our leaders respond in 2015,那么整个星球危在旦夕the entire planet will be at risk.如果我们这样一如既往的下去If we continue on the business-as-usual trajectory,我们将无法避免引爆点there will be a tipping point that we cannot avert.这无疑是悬崖飞车We will indeed drive the car over the cliff.地球2100我母亲曾给我讲过一个让我永生难忘的故事There was a story my mother once told me I'll never forget. 把一只青蛙放到一个盛满冷水的锅里You put a frog in a pot of cold water然后再在下面点着火and turn the heat on.水温在缓慢地上升The water warms so gradually而青蛙毫无所觉that the frog doesn't notice.它永远察觉不到It never realizes the precise moment被煮的确切时刻it's cooked.青蛙会一动不动地趴在那儿The frog will sit there because it's托马斯·霍莫·迪克森《颠倒的世界》作者因为它觉察不到温度的微妙变化not able to detect the small changes in temperature而这会使它的生命危险剧增that are making his life increasingly dangerous.而我们也处于相同的情形And we're in the same sort of situation.作为一个物种我们在进化过程中We're so adaptable in our evolution有着非凡的适应性as a species,而这种适应性让我们能够an adaptability that's allowed us to really,在某种意义上征服自然征服世界in a sense, conquer nature and conquer the world.但此时此刻这种适应性实际上But at this point, that adaptability已经成为我们生存的真实威胁is actually a real threat to our existence.随着我渐渐长大我越来越As I grew up, it became清楚地认识到我们就是那些青蛙。

《探索频道科学新发现：落基山脉》完整中英文对照剧本

落基山脉The Rocky Mountains:北美大&hearts;陆&hearts;的脊柱the backbone of North America.崎岖壮丽雄伟Rugged, spectacular and majestic.如今地理学家们敲开这些岩石Today, geologists are cracking open these rocks以揭露它们的秘密to expose their secrets.海洋生物的骸骨为何会出现在How did the remains of sea creatures end up in mountain peaks, 海拔几千英尺的落基山巅thousands of feet in the air?落基山脉在何时形成When did the Rockies form?如今山脉是否还在上升Are they still rising today?如果山脉还在上升And if they are,这股形成落基山脉的强大力量could the great forces that built the Rockies又是否会在某天将北美大&hearts;陆&hearts;一分成二one day split North America in two?落基山脉The Rockies.地球上最大的山脉之一One of the greatest mountain chains on earth.绵延320公里They stretch over 2000 miles北至英属哥伦比亚省from the northern tip of British Columbia南达新墨西哥州的里奥格兰德to the Rio Grande in New Mexico.山脉宽达48公里Up to 300 miles wide,形成了北美大&hearts;陆&hearts;的天然分水岭they form the continental divide,与东西的天然屏障the Great Barrier between east and west.仅在科罗拉多一州In colorado alone,就有58座海拔高于一万四千英尺的山峰there are 58 mountain peaks over 14,000 feet tall,也就是2.5英里that's around two and a half miles high.落基山脉由地球上The Rockies were created最强大的地质力形成by the most powerful geologic forces on earth.这些荡气回肠的故事跨越南北Their dramatic story takes us on a journey from north to south在地质史上延续了2亿年之久through 200 million years of geological history,把我们从它们的出生地加拿大from their birthplace in Canada引至美国的最年轻山峰to the youngest peaks in the United States.这段旅程将我们带回地球最遥远的过去It's a journey that takes us back into the Earth's ancient past.2亿年前地球上还没有落基山脉200 million years ago there were no Rockies.甚至大&hearts;陆&hearts;的形状与过去也相差甚远Even the continents looked different.彼时的地球只有一块巨型大&hearts;陆&hearts;There was just one giant landmass:我们称之为泛古陆Pangea.但其存在的时间并不长But not for much longer.一个巨大的裂缝不断生长A vast rift is opening up,将这个超级大&hearts;陆&hearts;撕裂开来tearing this Supercontinent apart...接下来的几百万年内Over the next few million years,泛古陆分&hearts;裂&hearts;成许多面&hearts;积&hearts;较小的大&hearts;陆&hearts; Pangea will break apart into many smaller landmasses,最终形成了今天的北美大&hearts;陆&hearts;eventually forming the present-day continent of North America.地球表面裂成大量被称为板块的碎片Earth's surface is broken up into vast pieces called Plates.它们位于地球温暖紧实的地幔最表层They sit on top of the earth's warm, dense mantle.行星不断变冷As the planet gradually cools,地幔中的对流convection currents in the mantle在地球表面慢慢移&hearts;动&hearts;这些板块slowly move these plates across the surface of the earth.板块边缘发生的碰撞Where plates meet, at their edges,形成强大的构造力there are often immense tectonic forces.这种力量能够将大&hearts;陆&hearts;撕裂开These tensions can tear continents apart,但也能创造山脉but they also build mountains.柯克·约翰逊Kirk Johnson,丹佛自然科学博物馆总馆长解释说Chief Curator of the Denver Museum of Nature and Science explains: 大&hearts;陆&hearts;之间碰撞之力"The action of continents crushing together柯克·R·约翰逊丹佛自然科学博物馆总馆长或者海洋板块撞击大&hearts;陆&hearts;or continents being hit by oceanic plates,这种巨大的能量those kinds of forces形成了基本的行星交通事故create basically planetary traffic accidents,这种撞击导致了山脉的形成and the wrecks result in mountains forming."这些巨大之力存在的证据能够在Evidence of the power of these immense forces can be found落基山脉最北最古老的部分找到in one of the oldest and most northerly parts of the Rockies:英属哥伦比亚的优鹤国家公园Yoho National Park in British Columbia.在这里成千上万Here, the fossils罕见的史前生物化石of thousands of peculiar, prehistoric creatures镶嵌在斯蒂芬山峰附近的崖面lie in a cliff face near the Peak of Mount Stephen,海拔将近2400米8,000 feet above sea level.地理学家兼登山向导保罗·麦克尼尔Geologist and mountain guide Paul Mcneil专门研究伯吉斯页岩化石specializes in the fossils of the Burgess shale.我们在这里见到的化石We see fossils here保罗·麦克尼尔伯吉斯页岩地球科学基金会在化石的记录上独此一处that we find almost nowhere else in the fossil record,它与当今存活的动物完全不同and unlike any animal that's alive today.这个浑身长刺的生物叫做怪诞虫This spiny creature is called hallucigenia,而这个怪异的标本叫做威瓦亚虫and this bizarre specimen, wiwaxia.这些化石提供了有关落基山脉北段These fossils offer clues形成早期的线索to how the early Northern Rockies formed.因为这些遗体都不是山居动物Because they're not the remains of mountain-dwelling animals, 而是海洋生物but of sea-creatures.它们于5亿年前They lived and died栖息在一片热带浅海中in a shallow tropical sea over half a billion years ago.将这些不寻常生物包含其中的岩石The rocks that contain these extraordinary fossils形成于海底formed on the sea floor.我们现在看到的周围岩石Right around us all of the rocks that we see曾经属于一个古老海床used to be part of an ancient sea-bed,石灰岩是大&hearts;陆&hearts;架的一部分the limestones were part of the continental shelf,页岩则是更深海域的一部分the shales were part of the deeper ocean waters,但都存在于水下but it was all underwater.远早于落基山脉的形成Long before the Rockies formed,北美大&hearts;陆&hearts;的西线被一片浅海淹没the west coast of North America was covered by a shallow sea. 近百万年来Over millions of years,粘土泥浆和沙砾堆积在沿海大&hearts;陆&hearts;架clay, mud and gravel settled on this coastal shelf,将上万海洋生物困于其中形成化石trapping and fossilizing tens of thousands of sea creatures.层层沉淀物固化成了2万米厚的岩石Layers of sediments solidified into rock up to 12 miles thick. 这个悬崖上的岩层是8000年来The rock layers in this cliff are made from sediment不同沉淀物堆积而成laid down over 8000 years.8000年如今这些化石位于海拔2400之处Today, these fossils are a mile and a half above sea level.但曾几何时But once,它们被其它岩层埋在了万米之下they were buried six miles under other layers of rock.这些化石最深时被埋在了At their deepest point these fossils were buried地壳近万米之下over ten kilometres under the earth's Crust,此后又被挤出了2千米之高and since then they've been thrust up to over two kilometres 达到了我们现在看到的高度up into the air where we actually find them now.这些古老的岩石形成于This ancient rock formed offshore,距此处往西6&hearts;4&hearts;公里处的海岸线400 miles west of here.是什么将这个古老的海床推至遥远的内陆So what could have driven this ancient seafloor so far inland?又是什么将其推到1万3千米之高And what pushed it up almost 8 miles?这种力量强大到A force powerful enough将平坦的海底变成巨大的山脉to transform a flat ocean floor into massive mountains...叫做潜没作用Subduction.1.8亿年前180 million years ago.北美板块在泛古陆分崩之力驱使下The North American Plate was moving west,向西移&hearts;动&hearts;driven by the break-up of Pangea.同时太平洋板块向东移&hearts;动&hearts;And the Pacific Ocean Plate was heading east.这两个巨大的板块迎面碰上The two colossal plates met head-on.两个巨型之物撞击力下In this clash of the titans,密度更大的太平洋板块the denser Pacific Ocean Plate被浮力较大的北美板块压到下面was forced down beneath the more buoyant North American plate. 来自新墨西哥大学的Professor John Geissman约翰·盖思曼教授向我们展示了这个理论from the University of New Mexico demonstrates.我现在要做的只是轻拍一边What I'm going to do is simply tap on one of the sides约翰·盖思曼教授新墨西哥大学我要创造一个不稳定的环境and I'm going to create an instability.现在油质已经开始移&hearts;动&hearts;Now we have oil starting to migrate,慢慢淹没光盘move its way over the top of the CD...瞧油自己浮上光盘Voila it's happening all by itself,我不用再按了I don't have to nudge it anymore.我们看见油质这样淹没磁盘We see the oil moving its way across the CD like so磁盘自身开始这样移&hearts;动&hearts;and the CD itself is going to begin to move like so,它进入油质潜没过程就完成了into the oil and the subduction process is completed.它潜没进我们星球的内部It's subducted into the interior of our planet, if you will.这是不可逆的过程无法停止And It's a run-away process - you can't stop it.潜没太平洋板块的顶部是近海岛屿On top of the subducting Pacific Plate sat offshore islands.当板块被推向东边时As the plate was pushed eastward,它像传送带一样运送岛屿it carried these islands like a conveyor belt.一个特大岛屿到达了两个板块One particularly large island reached the junction of the two plates 与北美海岸的接合点and coast of North America.但它太大太轻无法被推入地幔But it was too large and buoyant to be pushed down into the mantle. 相反它猛烈撞击欧洲大&hearts;陆&hearts;Instead, it slammed into the continental shelf西侧的大&hearts;陆&hearts;架on the western edge of the Continent.海床被挤向东边The seabed was shoved eastward.它缓慢褶曲如同起皱的地毯It slowly folded up like a crumpled carpet.伯吉斯页岩的化石被向上推至几千英尺The fossils of the burgess shale were pushed向内陆推至数英里thousands of feet into the air and miles inland.地理学家及作家本·嘉德花了30年Geologist and author Ben Gadd has spent 30 years研究位于英属哥伦比亚的落基山脉studying the Rockies here in British Columbia.想象整个褶曲与压缩过程的一个方法One way to imagine this whole pushing and shoving business 就是用自己的手重现全过程is to do it on your hands.本·嘉德落基山脉地理学家和作家你手上有多骨的部位So you have the bony part of your hand骨头上面就是皮肤and then you have the skin over the top, right?想象骨头就是欧洲大&hearts;陆&hearts;板块So imagine that the bony part is the Continental plate上面的部分就是沉积层and on top of that you have all the sedimentary layers, right? 也就是皮肤That's the skin.当有巨大的褶曲与压缩时So when the big push and shove comes,你的皮肤就会从骨头上分离you have the skin being pushed along the bony layer随着褶曲的持续and as it gets pushed along,它会起皱it wrinkles up.落基山脉的形成过程与此类似That's a good analogy for how the Rockies were formed.不知为什么我越老做这实验效果越好The older I get the better this works for some reason.数百万年来Over millions of years,板块碰撞形成了北落基山脉the plate collision forced up the Northern Rockies.当此次碰撞力消失时When the force of this collision lost its power,第一次造山运动结束了the first wave of mountain-building came to an end.但故事还远未结束But that's not the end of the story.第一次陆地碰撞海岸的八百万年后80 million years after the first block of land hit the coast,第二次碰撞接踵而至a second one slammed into its back.它向东并向上推挤山脉It bulldozed everything eastward and upward.一层层岩石被叠得越来越高Layer after layer of rock was shoved higher and higher.开始形成山丘继而形成高山First into hills and then into mountains.平缓褶曲岩演变为雄伟的落基山脉Gentle folds of rock evolved into the mighty Rockies.当今这片被称作岩层的区域Today, these slabs of land, called terranes,组成了英属哥伦比亚make up British Columbia.山脉继续上升As they continue to rise,由于巨大的撞击力the Rockies were continuously sculpted落基山脉仍在持续变化by the momentous force of the elements.尽管山脉被推挤向上Even as they were pushed up,侵蚀开始逐渐始瓦解它们erosion was starting to tear them down.科学新发现落基山脉解决加拿大落基山脉The Canadian Rockies:远古海床的沉积岩Jagged peaks, steep cliffs, and razor-sharp ridges,造就了锯齿状山峰陡峭的悬崖carved from the sedimentary rock锋利的山脊of an ancient seabed.尽管处于板块碰撞多发区Despite being caught in a mighty plate collision且逆冲入高耸的山峰and thrust up into towering peaks,山脉的岩石层依然处于水平线上the layers of rock in these mountains still lie almost horizontally. 这为解释它们如何隆起提供了线索This provides a clue about how they rose up.当板块被推向北美海岸时As the blocks of land drove into the coast of North America,沉积岩层因强烈挤压和褶曲slabs of sedimentary rock were pressurized and folded so much 而被拉断that they snapped.1.6公里厚的断层Broken sheets of rock, up to a mile thick,向前移&hearts;动&hearts; 并层层叠叠堆积起来shunted forwards and slid over each another again and again 处于被科学家称为逆冲断层的过程中in a process scientists call thrust faulting.岩石其实就是被折起来So the rock has actually been folded本·嘉德落基山脉地理学家及作家当它不能再折的时候to the point where it can't be folded any more,褶曲上面的部分就会断裂and at that point the upper part of the fold will literally break, 并开始滑动and start sliding along.这就是我们说的逆冲断层That's what we call a thrust fault,这是加拿大落基山脉的经典断层and it's a classic kind of fault for the Canadian Rockies.新沉积物覆盖在旧沉积层上Sedimentary rock forms when younger layers of sediment由此形成了沉积岩settle on top of older layers.但落基山脉中But here in the Rockies,不同年代的地层错综复杂layers of different ages are jumbled up.逆冲断层将旧沉积岩Thrust faulting pushed older layers of sedimentary rock up推至新沉积岩顶端and over younger layers.假设这本书Suppose that we think of this book是我们在此所见的层状岩as being a continuation of the layered rock that we see here.在逆冲断层中这个部分会断裂Now in a thrust fault what happens is this part will break up,像这样滑上去and it will slide along like this,在停止之前它会滑行相当长的距离and it can go rather a long way until eventually it stops.于是原本在底部的岩层So now we have layers that were down here,就被推到上层了pushed up over these layers.旧岩石被推倒新岩石上方Old rock pushed up and over younger rock.在模拟沙盒中In this laboratory sandbox,用颜色标记的砂石层代表沉积岩the layers of colored sand represent layers of sedimentary rock. 当砂石层被向右推往东边As the sand pushes eastward to the right,逆冲断层thrust faults form,一个接一个形成one in front of the other.逆冲断层将旧岩石推至新岩石上层Thrust-faulting pushes older rock layers above younger形成了北部落基山脉特有的锯齿形山脉to create the distinctive saw-tooth ranges of the Northern Rockies. 这些山在1.4亿年前首次出现These mountains first emerged 140 million years ago:逆冲断层首先形成了西部山脉thrust- faulting first built the western ranges.然后向东逼近And then crept eastward,形成了更深入内陆的新山脉forming a new range further inland.1.2亿年前120 million years ago,主山脉出现the main ranges appeared然后向东更加深入内陆and then even further east the front ranges,八千五百万年前85 million Years ago.逆冲断层开始慢慢减弱Thrust faulting began to slow down until eventually,直到五千万年前50 million years ago,造山运动停止it stopped.亚姆斯卡山上山脉与丘陵在此汇合At mount Yamnuska, the mountains and the foothills meet.山脚下及艾伯塔和蒙大纳州平原Beyond lie the flat plains of Alberta and Montana.巨大的推动力使远古海床Immense forces pushed an ancient seabed耸入云霄thousands of feet into the air.但另一种不同的力量形成了如此奇峰异石But a very different force sculpted it into these striking peaks:侵蚀erosion.侵蚀的力量已经在山腰显露无疑Evidence of erosion's power is strewn all over the mountainside: 大量的破碎页岩piles of broken shale,和被称为岩屑堆的大量灰白色沉积物and heaps of ash-coloured sediment called scree.侵蚀作用同山脉成长Erosion has been at least as important同样重要as the mountain building itself.正是山脉成长过程向上堆起的过程It's the mountain-building process, the up piling提升了海拔成就了高山地貌that gives you the elevation to give you the height of the landscape. 但之后地貌会再被向下塑造成不同形态But then the landscape itself is carved downward differentially.因此侵蚀作用非常重要So erosion is very important,正是它造就了现在我们所见的地貌it actually gives us the landscape we see.侵蚀作用强大到Erosion is so powerful能从山峰顶端消除that it has scraped up to two miles of solid rock最多达3200米高的坚硬岩石off the top of these mountain peaks.侵蚀作用的主要来源是流水And the main force of erosion is water.流水会松动物质将其带下山Water loosens material, sends it downhill,水会溶解矿物质water dissolves minerals,结冰后会破坏岩石water freezes and breaks up the rocks.落基山脉北部由沉积岩构成The Northern Rockies are made of sedimentary rock例如砂石页岩石灰岩之类like sandstone, shale and Limestone.它们相对较软易溶解容易受侵蚀影响Relatively soft and soluble, these are easy prey for erosion.在加拿大And here in Canada,水的侵蚀出现了新的特点water's erosive power takes on a new dimension.在如此寒冷的气候下In this cold climate,降雪凝固紧实后形成巨大的冰盖snowfall freezes and compacts to form enormous sheets of ice. 冰川Glaciers.冰川以每年15米的速度缓慢前进The glaciers here creep forward at 50 feet per year.以地质时间计算这是很快的On a geologic timescale, this is fast.冰川带起松动的岩石和卵石Glaciers pick up and carry loose rocks and boulders,借此冲刷其下的岩石which scour and scratch the rock beneath them.冰川就像一个巨大的冰激凌铲子Like giant ice cream scoops,挖出了独特的U形山谷glaciers gouge out distinctive U-shaped valleys.冰川溶化后And when they melt,则留下了深深的峡谷和陡峭的山峰they leave behind deep gorges and steep-sided peaks.侵蚀作用已经磨损这些岩石达百万年之久Erosion has worn down these rocks over millions of years,但落基山脉也在抵抗着but the rockies are fighting back.当侵蚀作用损害他们的山峰时While erosion attacks their summits,地下深处山脉仍在成长deep below ground the mountains are still growing.看着落基山脉Look at the rockies,就像在看一块巨大的冰山顶峰and it's like seeing the tip of an iceberg.山脉拥有根基Mountains have roots,其深度可超过海拔的五六倍which can be 5 or 6 times deeper than their height.这座山超过3.2公里高This mountain stands over two miles high,但隐藏的根基可向地下延伸21公里but its hidden root could extend 13 miles underground.根基就是落基山脉对抗侵蚀的秘密武器These roots are the Rockies' secret defense against erosion.来自新墨西哥大学的结构地质学家Structural Geologist Karl karlstrom from The University Of New Mexico 卡尔·卡尔斯特朗用冰块做了演示demonstrates using blocks of ice.红色和绿色的冰层代表了地上的山峰The red and green ice layers represent the mountains above ground,白色的冰层则代表地下的根基and the white ice their roots below ground.山脉并不是静止不变的Mountains are not static things,地表始终在被侵蚀重塑着the earth's surface is being continually reshaped by erosion,卡尔·E·卡尔斯特朗教授新墨西哥大学河流冰川都会侵蚀并降低山脉高度by rivers by glaciers that tear the mountains down.设想我现在侵蚀这座山峰So lets imagine I'm eroding the mountains now我把这块冰去掉and I'll just pull one of the blocks off.地上部分高度降低了The overall surface has gone down,大&hearts;陆&hearts;变薄了the continent has gotten thinner,根基则会上升its roots come up,现在这块之前深藏在地下的and now this rock that was deep in the earth a minute ago,在绿色层之下的岩石露出了地表underneath the green layer has come to the surface,这叫做岩石隆起that's called rock uplift.现在我把粉红色层也去掉So I guess I'll erode off the pink layer too.这就变成了没有山脉的平坦大&hearts;陆&hearts;We're back down to a continent without a major mountain belt, 类似北美洲的东部something like the Eastern part of North America.当沉重的山脉被消除后When the heavy weight of the mountain is eroded away,根基开始上升the root rebounds upward.这一过程意味着This process means that落基山脉始终在从下而上"生长"着the Rockies are constantly 'topped- up' from beneath.在加拿大In Canada,逆冲断层和侵蚀作用重塑了山脉Thrust faulting and erosion have shaped the mountains.但向南走But as we travel south,这独特的地貌还会改变this distinctive landscape is about to change.就在美国边境南部的蒙大纳州Just south of the US border in the state of Montana,落基山脉中开始出现一种新的岩石a new rock appears among the Rockies:花岗岩granite.这是美国落基山脉开始This is the first clue变得与众不同的最初迹象that the mountains of the American rockies are radically different. 科学新发现落基山脉科学新发现落基山脉沿落基山脉向南On our journey south along the Rocky mountains,我们将见到截然不同的地貌we're entering a very different landscape.从蒙大纳南部开始From Montana southward,落基山脉开始由远古花岗岩构成the Rockies are made from ancient granite,它们有着17亿年的历史1.7 billion years old.大&hearts;陆&hearts;地壳最深处大部分都由花岗岩构成Granite makes up much of the deepest part of the continental crust. 因此地质学家将其称为"基底"That's why geologists call this rock "the basement."加拿大落基山脉是由沉积岩构成The Canadian Rockies are built from sedimentary rocks以大&hearts;陆&hearts;为基础不断堆叠而成piled up on top of the continental foundations.美国落基山脉上为何会突然出现花岗岩So why does granite suddenly appear here in the American Rockies? 此外还有一个更大的谜题But there's an even greater puzzle:山脉通常在板块边缘形成mountains usually form close to plate boundaries,但南部落基山脉距离板块边缘很远but the southern Rockies sit a long way from the plate margin.科罗拉多州内的落基山脉距太平洋板块The front range in Colorado is 1000 miles from where和北美板块交会处还有1600公里the Pacific and North American Plates actually meet.地质学家提出这样的解释Geologists have come up with an explanation:他们认为这是太平洋板块潜没作用造成的they believe that the subducting Pacific Ocean Plate is responsible.海洋地壳被推入北美板块下的地幔中Ocean crust had been pushed deep into the mantle beneath North America 达亿万年之久之后奇特的现象发生了for a hundred million years when something unusual Happened:7千万年前70 million years ago,太平洋板块开始以一个较浅的角度潜没The Pacific Ocean Plate started to subduct at a shallower angle.它并非垂直向下Instead of plummeting steeply,而是从水平方向切入北美板块it sliced beneath North America horizontally.这一改变带来了巨大的变化This change had dramatic consequences.庞大的太平洋板块并没有深入向下The big oceanic plate in the Pacific didn't go deep down,而是像铲起披萨饼一样水平切入it went in shallow like a spatula under a pizza.所以6800万年前的加州发生了变化So something happened 68 million years ago over in California,柯克·R·约翰逊博士丹佛自然与科学博物馆总馆长板块切入北美大&hearts;陆&hearts; 而没有向下深入that plate drives under North America but instead of diving in deeply,它平缓的切入在离海岸上千英里远处it comes in shallow and a thousand miles away from the coast落基山脉便从地面开始发芽生长up from the ground sprout the rocky mountains.几百万年来For millions of years,大洋板块沿着北美板块下方切入the ocean plate scraped along the underside of North America.它带来的摩擦It created friction,造成北美板块基底的花岗岩破裂breaking up the basement granite of the North American Plate并被向上推挤and punching it upward.结构地质学家卡尔·卡尔斯特朗演示道Structural Geologist Karl Karlstrom demonstrates:正因为它以平缓的角度进入北美板块下Because it was at a shallower angle beneath North America,卡尔·E·卡尔斯特朗教授新墨西哥大学它会沿着北美大&hearts;陆&hearts;的基底切入it was scraping along the base of North America.如此板块就会像这样处于挤压状态下When that happens it puts the plate under compression like this, 由于两边都被挤压着'cause it's being both pushed at the end而且底部被切入所以它会挤压and scraped along at the bottom, so it squeezes,上推山脉并推动山脉的基座pushes up the mountains and it transferred this mountain building 使其远离板块的边缘from the edge to great distance from the plate margin.太平洋板块运动的平缓轨迹The shallow-angle trajectory of the Pacific Ocean Plate解释了内陆山脉形成的原因explains why these Mountains formed so far inland.也解释了花岗岩的存在And it also explains the presence of granite.因为沉积岩的多层逆冲Thrust up through layers of sedimentary rock,破碎的花岗岩石构成落基山脉的南部脉络the broken granite became the Rocky Mountains of the south.科罗拉多州丹佛市的红石公园Red Rocks Park, Denver, Colorado.岩石上拱形成了一处奇观A landscape forged by granite uplift.柯克·约翰逊证明了这些花岗岩山峰Kirk Johnson demonstrates how these granite peaks punched up 是通过拱出其顶部的红岩层而形成的through the layers of red rock around them.通过助手维罗妮卡和伊恩的帮助I'm gonna use my assistants我将为大家介绍Veronica and Ian to help me explain科罗拉多州的落基山脉形成的过程how the Rocky Mountains in Colorado formed.假设维罗妮卡和伊恩是由Imagine if you will that Veronica and Ian are composed of 具有17亿年历史的变质岩组成1.7-billion- year-old metamorphic rocks,也就是科罗拉多洲的基岩the basement rock of Colorado.山脉形成前Before the mountains grew,数层沉积岩覆盖在花岗岩顶部layers of sedimentary rock covered the granite.随后约6800年前Then about 68 million years ago伊恩代表的山脉the mountain where Ian开始断裂并运动上移is starts to break and lift up and move up,就像看到这样隆起so you see the uplift forming.在这种情况下And what's happening is that数层的沉积岩开始变形layer of sediment's being deformed, is bent这里就是红岩层的平丘部and these are the flat-irons at red rocks.随着山脉的逐渐成型As the mountain comes up,表层的沉积岩被侵蚀并overlying sediments are eroded off沉降到相邻的盆地里and deposited into the adjacent basin最终伊恩的花岗岩背脊暴露出来and eventually Ian's granitic back is exposed形成落基山脉的主脉as the Core of the Rocky Mountains.而维罗妮卡的岩石依旧深埋在丹佛地下Veronica remains deeply buried beneath Denver,表层仍然覆盖着厚厚的沉积物still covered with deep sediments,与后来落基山脉遭到侵蚀而成的沉积岩and the sediments eroded off the uplifting Rocky Mountains. 约翰逊调查的正是这些变化何时发生Johnson is investigating exactly when these events took place. 他专注于落基山脉的前脉He focuses on the Colorado Rockies' front Range,这里距南北科罗拉多各有563公里which runs 350 miles between North and South Colorado.研究这些山脉需要极其细致的研究工作Dating the rockies requires real detective work.与其他的考察工作类似And like all detective work,要获取线索必须掘地三尺you get clues by digging up dirt.这与常理是相悖的Yeah, so it's sort of counter intuitive,要搞清山脉不仅仅要观察它的外部to understand mountains you don't look at the mountains,还要研究山脉的岩屑you look at the debris from those mountains.就像侦探破案要搜查罪犯的垃圾桶Just like a detective would go through a criminal's garbage can. 山脉临近的盆地就类似The basin adjacent to the mountain range周围山脉的垃圾桶is sort of a garbage can of the adjacent mounds,随着山脉的上升它将身上的垃圾the mountain goes up, it sheds all its garbage off to the side类似于沉积岩化石火山灰in this case sedimentary rock and fossils, volcanic ash Beds,熔岩层等物质甩到山脚layers of lava,我们可以通过研究垃圾we can look at that garbage重建山脉增长的年历表and reconstruct the chronology of the uplifting mountain range. 现今这些沉积岩层已达3公里厚Today this debris forms layers of sediment 10,000 feet thick,正位处于丹佛市下方beneath the city of Denver.在他们调查岩屑的同时In their mission to date these massive peaks,约翰逊与他的同事搜索着最小的线索Johnson and his colleges search for the tiniest clues -比如已经叶子或花粉化石like fossilized leaves and pollen.对道格·尼科尔斯来说For Doug Nichols,在丹佛自然科学博物馆中from the Denver Museum of Nature and Science,这些微小的花粉粒能提供重要结论these microscopic grains of pollen provide a valuable lead. 花粉可以记录下山脉的上升情况Pollen can be used to date the uplift of mountains因为生在在because plants that were道格·尼科尔斯博士丹佛自然科学博物馆山脉上升时期的植物living at the time the mountains were coming up在那时授粉were shedding their pollen,花粉会与沉积层合为一体which was becoming incorporated into sediment,散落在山脉各处which was being eroded from those same mountains我在寻找样本中一种特殊的花粉and I am looking for the particular species of pollen以获取该山脉的年龄that can tell me the age of the sample.每个山脉沉积岩样本中Each sample of sediment can contain可包含上千的花粉粒化石thousands of fossilized pollen particles.尼科尔斯对这些微粒做了测试Nichols examines a single grain.每种植物的花粉有着不同的形状Every plant genus has distinctive-shaped pollen.所以通过花粉来辨别植物种类与年纪So by identifying the species of plant and its age,尼科尔斯可以准确掌握落基山脉的年龄。

Volcanoes – earth

Volcanoes – earth-shattering newsWhen Mount Pinatubo suddenly erupted on 9 June 1991, the power of volcanoes pastand present again hit the headlinesA V olcanoes are the ultimate earth-moving machinery. A violent eruption can blow the top few kilometres off a mountain, scatter fine ash practically all over the globe and hurt rock fragments into the stratosphere to darken the skies a continent away.But the classic eruption – cone-shaped mountain, big bang, mushroom cloud and surges of molten lava – is only a tiny part of a global story. V olcanism, the name given to volcanic processes, really has shaped the world. Eruptions have rifted continents, raised mountain chains, constructed islands and shaped the topography of the earth. The entire ocean floor has a basement of volcanic basalt.V olcanoes have not only made the continents, they are also thought to have made the world’s first stable atmosphere and provided all the water for the oceans, rivers and ice-caps. There are now about 600 active volcanoes. Every year they add two or three cubic kilometres of rock to the continents. Imagine a similar number of volcanoes smoking away for the last 3,500 million years. That is enough rock to explain the continental crust.What comes out of volcanic craters is mostly gas. More than 90% of this gas is water vapour from the deep earth: enough to explain, over 3,500 million years, the water in the oceans. The rest of the gas is nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methane, ammonia and hydrogen. The quantity of these gases, again multiplied over 3,500 million years, is enough to explain the mass of the world’s atmosphere. We are alive because volcanoes provided the soil, air and water we need.B Geologists consider the earth as having a molten core, surrounded by a semi-molten mantle and a brittle, outer skin. It helps to think of a soft-boiled egg with a runny yolk, a firm but squishy white and a hard shell. If the shell is even slightly cracked during boiling, the white material bubbles out and sets like a tiny mountain chain over the crack – like an archipelago of volcanic islands such as the Hawaiian Islands. But the earth is so much bigger and the mantle below is so much halter.Even though the mantle rocks are kept solid by overlying pressure, they can still slowly ‘flow’ like thick treacle. The flow, thought to be in the form of convection currents, is powerful enough to fracture the ‘eggshell’ of the crust into plates, and keep them bumping and grinding against each other, or even overlapping, at the rate of a few centimetres a year. These fracture zones, where the collisions occur, are where earthquakes happen. And, very often, volcanoes.C These zones are lines of weakness, or hot spots. Every eruption is different, but put at its simplest, where there are weaknesses, rocks deep in the mantle, heated to 1,350o C, will start to expand and rise. As they do so, the pressure drops, and they expand and become liquid and rise more swiftly.Sometimes it is slow: vast bubbles of magma – molten rock from the mantle –inch towards the surface, cooling slowly, to show through as granite extrusions (as on Skye, or the Great Whin Sill, the lava dyke squeezed out like toothpaste that carries part of Hadrian’s Wall in northern England). Sometimes – as in Northern Ireland, Wales and the Karoo in South Africa – the magma rose faster, andthen flowed out horizontally on to the surface in vast thick sheets. In the Deccan plateau in western India, there are more than two million cubic kilometres of lava, some of it 2,400 metres thick, formed over 500,000 years of slurping eruption.Sometimes the magma moves very swiftly indeed. It does not have time to cool as it surges upwards. The gases trapped inside the boiling rock expand suddenly, the lava glows with heat, it begins to froth, and it explodes with tremendous force. Then the slightly cooler lava following it begins to flow over the lip of the crater. It happens on Mars, it happened on the moon, it even happens on some of the moons of Jupiter and Uranus. By studying the evidence, vulcanologists can read the force of the great blasts of the past. Is the pumice light and full of holes? The explosion was tremendous. Are the rocks heavy, with huge crystalline basalt shapes, like the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland? It was a slow, gentle eruption.The biggest eruption are deep on the mid-ocean floor, where new lava is forcing the continents apart and widening the Atlantic by perhaps five centimetres a year. Look at maps of volcanoes, earthquakes and island chains like the Philippines and Japan, and you can see the rough outlines of what are called tectonic plates – the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle. The most dramati c of these is the Pacific ‘ring of fire’ where there have the most violent explosions – Mount Pinatubo near Manila, Mount St Helen’s in the Rockies and El Chichón in Mexico about a decade ago, not to mention world-shaking blasts like Krakatoa in the Sunda Straits in 1883.D But volcanoes are not very predictable. That is because geological time is not like human time. During quiet periods, volcanoes cap themselves with their own lava by forming a powerful cone from the molten rocks slopping over the rim of the crater; later the lava cools slowly into a huge, hard, stable plug which blocks any further eruption until the pressure below becomes irresistible. In the case of Mount Pinatubo, this took 600 years.Then, sometimes, with only a small warning, the mountain blows its top. It did this at Mont Pelée in Martinique at 7.49 a.m. on 8 May, 1902. Of a town of 28,000, only two people survived. In 1815, a sudden blast removed the top 1,280 metres of Mount Tambora in Indonesia. The eruption was so fierce that dust thrown into the stratosphere darkened the skies, canceling the following summer in Europe and North America. Thousands starved as the harvest failed, after snow in June and frosts in August. V olcanoes are potentially world news, especially the quiet ones.List of Headingsi The expansion of international tourism in recent yearsii How local communities can balance their own needs with thedemands of wilderness tourismiii Fragile regions and the reasons for the expansion of tourismthereiv Traditional methods of food-supply in fragile regionsv Some of the disruptive effects of wilderness tourismvi The economic benefits of mass tourism1 Section A2 Section B3 Section CThe Impact of Wilderness TourismAThe market for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries all across the world are actively promoting their ‘wilderness’ regions - such as mountains, Arctic lands, deserts, small islands and wetlands - to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these areas is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires little or no initial investment. But that does not mean that there is no cost. As the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized, these regions are fragile (i.e. highly vulnerable to abnormal pressures)not just in terms of their ecology, but also in terms of the culture of their inhabitants. The three most significant types of fragile environment in these respects, and also in terms of the proportion of the Earth’s surface they cover, are deserts, mountains and Arctic areas. An important characteristic is their marked seasonality, with harsh conditions prevailing for many months each year. Consequently, most human activities, including tourism, are limited to quite clearly defined parts of the year.Tourists are drawn to these regions by their natural landscape beauty and the unique cultures of their indigenous people. And poor governments in these isolated areas have welcomed the new breed of ‘adventure tourist’, grateful for the hard currency they bring. For several years now, tourism has been the prime source of foreign exchange in Nepal and Bhutan. Tourism is also a key element in the economies of Arctic zones such as Lapland and Alaska and in desert areas such as Ayers Rock in Australia and Arizona’s Monument Valley.BOnce a location is established as a main tourist destination, the effects on the local community are profound. When hill-farmers, for example, can make more money in a few weeks working as porters for foreign trekkers than they can in a year working in their fields, it is not surprising that many of them give up their farm-work, which is thus left to other members of the family. In some hill-regions, this has led to a serious decline in farm output and a change in the local diet, because there is insufficient labour to maintain terraces and irrigation systems and tend to crops. The result has been that many people in these regions have turned to outside supplies of rice and other foods.In Arctic and desert societies, year-round survival has traditionally depended on hunting animals and fish and collecting fruit over a relatively short season. However, as some inhabitants become involved in tourism, they no longer have time to collect wild food; this has led to increasing dependence on bought food and stores. Tourism is not always the culprit behind such changes. All kinds of wage labour, or government handouts, tend to undermine traditional survival systems. Whatever the cause, the dilemma is always the same: what happens if these new, external sources of income dry up?The physical impact of visitors is another serious problem associated with the growth in adventure tourism. Much attention has focused on erosion along major trails, but perhaps more important are the deforestation and impacts on water supplies arising from the need to provide tourists with cooked food and hot showers. In both mountains and deserts, slow-growing trees are often the main sources of fuel and water supplies may be limited or vulnerable to degradation through heavy use.CStories about the problems of tourism have become legion in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these fragile environments and their local cultures can be minimized. Indeed, it can even be a vehicle for reinvigorating local cultures, as has happened with the Sherpas of Nepal’s Khumbu Valley and in some Alpine villages. And a growing number of adventure tourism operators are trying to ensurethat their activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on integrating tourism more effectively with the local economy. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in the Swiss Pays d’Enhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth. There has also been a renaissance in communal cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a reliable source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by outside companies, who employ transient workers and repatriate most of the profits to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits accrue locally. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the tundra and watch local musicians and dancers.Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed similar strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their pueblos and reservations to purchase high-quality handicrafts and artwork. The Acoma and San Ildefonso pueblos have established highly profitable pottery businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly successful with jewellery.Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has penetrated their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the solution to the imbalance, because people’s desire to see new places will not just disappe ar. Instead, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions, in order to balance their needs and aspirations with the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are demonstrating that, with firm communal decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the norm, rather than the exception.。

The Year Earth Changed《地球改变之年()》完整中英文对照剧本

今天世界卫生组织宣布新冠肺炎为全球大流行病Today, the WHO declared COVID-19 to be a pandemic.我现在发布“居家避疫"行政命令I'm issuing a "stay home, stay safe" executive order.…要求几乎所有居民...directing nearly all of our residents就待在家里to quite simply stay at home.从今晚开始我必须给出-•项非常简单的指示From this evening, I must give a very simple instruction. 各位必须待在家里You must stay at home.2020年3月一种致命病毒席卷全球March 2020. A deadly virus sweeps around the world.（请尽扯待在家中）-•夜之间我们的生活按下了暂停被Overnight, our lives are put on pause.但随着人类停下脚步But as we stop...自然界开始发生神奇•的改变remarkable things start to change in the natural world. 空气更清新Clearer air.水质更干•净Cleaner waters.动物们开始以我们几十年未曾见过的规模繁衍生息And animals starting to flourish in ways we hadn't seen for decades. 从封锁隔离开始我们在五大洲进行拍摄Filming from the start of lockdown across five continents... 记录了大自然非凡的反应we've recorded nature's extraordinary response. 从巨大的海洋生物以新的方式与后代沟通From ocean giants communicating in new ways with their young... 猫豹改变K它们幼崽的生存机会And cheetahs transforming the chances of survival for their cubs... 这是它作障亲的最佳时机This is the best time for her to be a mother.到濒危企鹅正在经历-个破纪录的繁殖季To endangered penguins having a record-breaking breeding season. 这是一窥野生动物生活世界的绝佳机会This is a unique opportunity to peer into the lives and worlds of wildlife看右在较少人类参与时生物世界是怎样的and see what things look like without as much of our interaction.这是•次史无前例的全球性实臆It's a global experiment of epic proportions.这是地球改变的一年This is the year Earth changed.（大卫爱登堡担任旁白）仅任封锁几小时后我们很多人注意到了周围的宁伸Just hours into lockdown, many of us notice the silence.（无线电城音乐厅）全球交通噪音减少了多达70%With global traffic noise reduced by up to 70%,这让人们听到一种新的声音there is a new sound to be heard...鸟的歌&hearts;声birdsong.（美国旧金山）（都市人门四百七十万）这些白冠麻雀These white-crowned sparrows对这种宁静的反应是一种惊人的行为adapt to the quiet by doing something astonishing.住在金门大桥卜面Living in the shadow of the Golden Cate Bridge, 它们的歌&hearts;声从前被汽车声所淹没their song had been drowned out by cars.而现在这里的交通达到了自1950年代的最低水平But now, with the traffic here at its lowest levels since the 1950s...研究人员惊奇地听到了麻雀求偶声中新的音调researchers are amazed to hear new notes in the sparrows* mating call. 这些岛有望迎接多年来最好的繁殖季And there's hope that the birds will have their best breeding season for years. 不仅噪音水平降低了And it's not just noise level that reduces.全球空气污染减少的速度也令人惊叹The speed at which air pollution drops around the globe is staggering. 数天之内Within days,洛杉矶经历了40年来最好的空气质故Los Angeles experiences its best air quality for 40 years.在中国各地空气中的有恚气体水平卜•降r一半Across China, the levels of toxic gases in the atmosphere halve. 在印度这里通常是世界上污染最为严/的国家之一And in India, which typically suffers from some of the worst pollution in the world... 在川锁仅仅12天后just 12 days after lockdown...（印度贾朗达尔人口一百万）...a breathtaking sight appears.一个令入虞撼的景像出现r我们坐在桌边吃早餐We were sitting on the table having breakfast,然后我爸爸冲进来and then my dad came, rushed in.（安舒尔乔普拉）He said, Tome upstairs. The mountains are visible.'1他说：“快上楼去可以看见山了”业余摄影师安舒尔Amateur photographer Anshul去看是什么让人们如此兴高采烈goes to see what all the excitement was about.人们站在屋顶上说People were standing on the rooftops saying,”哇…山w Wow. Wow. Mountains. Mountains."我停卜•来我看到rAnd I pause, and I saw.有生以来第•次晴空万里With the clear skies, for the first time in a lifetime,我们看到了喜马怵雅山we can see the Himalayas.200多公里以外Over 200 kilometers away,地球上最高的山脉the highest mountain range on Earth,在雾撷后隐藏r 30年hidden behind smog for 30 years,突然出现在视线中is suddenly visible.我无法相信自己的眼睛I couldn't believe my eyes.喜马拉雅山一直就藏在污染的后面The Himalayas have been right there behind the pollution all along. 安舒尔的镜头捕捉到的这个时刻迅速传遍全球Anshul's photograph of Chis moment went viral around the world.它生动地证明了It's a vivid illustration当人类暂停下来地球得以再次呼吸that the moment we paused, the Earth was able to breathe again.封锁延续数周Lockdown extends into weeks.（四个星期）旅行禁令进一步限制了我们的行动自&hearts;由&hearts;And the travel bans limit our movement still further.你原木可能在计划的休假取消吧Those holidays that you might have been planning to take, cancel them. 乘客数化和乘客预订械都下降了Passenger numbers and passenger bookings are all down.航&hearts;空&hearts;旅行出现断崖式下跌Air travel has just fallen off a cliff.全世界下跌了大约90%It's down roughly 90% worldwide.2020年4月April 2020,国际游客减少了-•亿一千四百万and there are l&hearts;l&hearts;4&hearts; million fewer international tourists 这是与去年同一月份相比than in the same month the previous year.在西,班牙游客人数从七百多万跌至零In Spain, visitor numbers drop from over seven million to zero.（美国佛罗里达州人口两千两百万）And in Florida, beaches normally packed with holidaymakers on spring break... 在佛罗里达州通常海滩上挤满了度春假的人弄此时空无一人are deserted.这会不会是-种源危海洋生物Could this be the opportunity for one endangered sea creature 大址繁殖的机会呢？to boost its numbers?雄海龟每隔两到三年Female sea turtles return every two to three years回到它们自己孵化出生的海滩to the shores where they themselves hatched 在此产卵in order to lay their eggs.在全球范围海龟数虽-直在急剧卜•降Globally, turtle numbers have been in steep decline, 部分原因是它们不愿意到越来越拥挤的海滩上去partly because they have been reluctant to visit the ever-busier beaches. 然而今年…But this year...情况大不相同is different.我们的摄影师与当地研究人员合作Our cameraman, working with local researchers,幸运地在朱诺海滩上拍摄is lucky enough to film here on Juno Beach...这里是世界上晶密集的赤螂龟产卵地点之一one of the densest nesting sites for loggerhead turtles in the world. 随着繁殖季的开始As the breeding season begins...雌海龟能够安宁地&hearts;产&hearts;卵the female is able to lay her eggs in peace这是它有生以来的第一次for the first time in her life.在接卜•来的几周内And over the following weeks,成百上千只的雌海龟也将这样做hundreds more do the same.长&hearts;期&hearts;以来我们认为人类的干扰It's long been thought that human disturbance对繁殖后代的海龟而言是一个大问题is a major problem for breeding turtles.但这是科学家应次能够椅确地测量But this is the first time that scientists can accurately measure这神人类影响的规模the scale of the impact.何天早上这个研究人员团队Each morning, this team of researchers会清点海龟往巢穴爬行的轨渔数址counted the number of turtle tracks that lead to a nest.在过去十年中Over the last ten years,赤嫩龟的平均筑巢成功率the average nesting success rate for loggerheads卜降到只有40%had dropped to just 40%.在它们独占海滩的情况下它们是否更成功呢？Have they been any more successful with the beach to themselves?当海滩对人类关闭之后When the beaches were closed to humans.成功率骤增到61%这是我们所见过的最高数字that number jumped all the way up to 61%, which is the highest we've ever seen. （海龟研究者贾斯汀佩罗博士）这是一个极大的改善This is a dramatic improvement每多一个巢穴意味着多上百只左右的幼龟Every extra nest means another hundred or so hatchlings, 每一只都有可能成为能繁殖后代的成年龟each with the potential to become breeding adults themselves. 因为海滩关闭这些动物能够With these beach closures, these animals were able to do 做几百万年来它们-直在做的事what they've been doing formillions of years 比人类布场时更加成功more successfully than when we have a human presence. 六千公里之外Six thousand kilometers away,在美国的西海岸on the west coast of America...海浪之下变得平静a new quiet beneath the waves offers an opportunity为海洋中的巨大生物提供了机会for ocean giants.（美国阿&hems;拉&hearts;Wf加东南部）（每年游客人数一百三十万）Every year, more than 10,000 humpback whales年一万多头座头晾从夏威夷…migrate from Hawaii...迁徙到阿&hearts;拉&hearts;斯加的海湾捕食to these bays in Alaska in order to feed.通常它们不得不Normally, they would have to share these waters 与每年载着一百多万游客的游轮分享这些水域with ships carrying a million visitors a year.而现在所有游轮都取消rBut now, with every cruise canceled...这相当于水下安静了25倍it's as much as 25 times quieter underwater.在这种安静的环境中科学家们使用水下次克风In this hush, scientists using underwater microphones记录到一种惊人的变化record a remarkable change.座头鲸更经常地互相交流Humpbacks are talking to each other more often...并以新的方式交流and in new ways.这非常让人激动并11让人感动Well, it was really exciting and actually very moving（鲸鱼研究者克里斯汀加布里埃茉）to hear these whales having this long vocal exchange.听到这些鲸鱼进彳J长时间的声音交流头鲸发出声音然后是•头母鲸和它的幼也One vocalizing, and then a mother and calf.这是我从来没听过的I mean, I'd never heard that before.你可以想象如果你试图与朋友们说话You can imagine, if you were trying to communicate with your friends,而你在拥挤的酒吧里and you're in a crowded bar.这是很困难的你不会说很多说话时也得大喊It's hard to do, you don't say as much, and when you do, you have to scream. （鲸鱼研究者苏西特尔林克博士）可是如果你找一个舒服安降的咖咪馆But if you find yourself a nice, quiet coffee shop没有那么多噪音where there isn't much noise,你就可以进行更加深入11有意义的对话you can carry on a much more elaborate and productive conversation.然而还有更加出人意料的发现But there's something even more surprising.现在鲸鱼可以在更远的距离进行不受干扰的交流Now the whales can communicate across greater distances without interruption. 有些母鲸比如这-头会离开它的幼崽And some mothers, like this one r leave their calves alone.这是极其少见的An extremely rare sight.它现在可以去更远的地方捕食She can now head off to feed,因为它知道如果幼崽需要它它可以听见呼唤声safe in the knowledge that she can hear her calf if it needs her.哺乳的母鲸需要尽可能多进食A nursing mother needs to eat as much as possible...最好的办法是与其他成年鲸一起捕食and the best way to do so is to hunt with other adults.鲸鱼潜入水下’The whales dive down...吹出一圈气泡墙blowing a circular wall of bubbles...将鱼群集中corralling the fish into shoals...然后将几千条鱼吞下before gorging on them in their thousands.这是大自然最壮丽的奇观之一It's one of nature's greatest spectacles.安捋的环境让鲸鱼安心Reassured by the quiet,座头鲸母亲能够更经常地这样合作humpback mothers are able to team up in this way more often.今年这里只有它们This year, they've got the place to themselves.它们可以随时随地做任何想做的事情They're doing anything they want, wherever they want, whenever they want. 在往年In previous years,只有7%的幼崽能够长到成年as few as 7% of calves made it to adulthood.而这-季无疑有更多幼鲸有机会生存下,来But this season, there's every chance many more will survive.希望在鲸鱼境况不佳的几个困难年份之后Hopefully, after a few tough years where whales were not doing so well,（鲸鱼研究者珍妮特尼尔森）这次疫情能够任它们最需要的时候给它们一个喘息的机会this pandemic has given them a break at a time that they needed it most.这伸水下噪音水平的变化远不止在阿&hearts;拉&hearts;斯加才有This change in underwater noise levels went far beyond Alaska.全球海逐交通在封锁的头三个月下降了17%Global shipping traffic drops by 17% in the first three months of lockdown, 改善了海洋生物的生存状况improving the lives of animals across the oceans.（新西兰豪拉基湾）在新西兰海域的海豚Dolphins off New Zealand交流的距离辑加为三倍triple the range of their communication.（加拿大萨利希海）And researchers in Vancouver record a fourfold reduction in ship noise 温哥华的研究人员记录到船只噪音下降厂四倍这让堤筑能在捕猎时that allows killer whales to use their sonar史有效地使用它们的超声波more effectively in hunting their prey.疫情持续r三个月It's three months into the pandemic.（三个月）In the United States, nearly half the labor force is working from home.在美国凡乎一*的劳动力在家工作在全球范围内有四分2—的商家关闭And globally, a quarter of businesses are shut.酒吧、寇馆和咖啡厅持续关闭Bars, restaurants and cafes remain closed.总之零竹业部关门了When all is said and done, the retail business is shut down. 现在感觉像是-座废弃的城市周围没有一个人Right now it feels abandoned. Like there's no one around.在世界的各大城市Across the world's major cities,人流M减少r 90%以上footfall is reduced by more than 90%.城市中心几平渺无人迹With urban centers almost deserted...随之出现r奇特的景象remarkable pictures emerge动物们在学受城市生活of animals taking advantage of city living.（南非圣卢西亚）一只河马正在前往加油站A hippo on a trip to the gas station.（以色列特拉维夫）胡狼在公园游荡Jackals enjoying the local park（智利圣地亚鼾）人行道上居然有•只美洲狮出没Even a puma prowling the sidewalk.然而有一种动物以别出心裁的方式But one animal adapts to these abandoned urban spaces适应若荒芜的城市空间with particular ingenuity.（日本奈良市）（每年游客人数一千三百万）奈良市是-•群梅花鹿的家乡The city of Nara has been home to a group ofsika deer这12经延续了至少一千三百年for at least 1,300 years.大部分它们赖以为生的草地Most of the meadows they relied on for food已经被建筑物所取代had been taken over by buildings.但这些平常胆小怕生的动物找到了一条出路But these normally shy animals had found a solution.梅花鹿转而向每年到访奈良寺庙的一千三百万游客求助The deer turned to the 13 million annual visitors to Nara's temples... 它们发现表现出一点敬意and discovered that showing a bit of respect...会带来美味的奖励would bring tasty rewards.米株饼干已经成为它们食物中的重要部分Rice bran crackers had become a vital part of their diet.但疫情改变了这种状况But the pandemic changed that.它们最莒欢的外卖&hearts;&hearts;夜之间消失了Their favorite takeout disappeared overnight.没有游客就没有饼FNo people means no crackers.有人担心博花鹿可能会饿死There's concern that the deer might starve.但一些老梅花鹿似平胸有成竹But some of the older generation appear to have a plan.它们带着-•群鹿走出r寺庙They lead a group out of the temple grounds.它们似乎确切地知道该去哪里And they seem to know exactly where they're going.它们沿若一条主道走去They're heading down a major road...进入城市的水淀森林更深处deep into the concrete jungle of the city.可是它们在这个庞大的城市中在哪里能找到食物？But where will they find food in this urban sprawl?走了2公里半的距离之后After a two-and-a-half kilometer trek...这群鹿停了下来the group comes to a halt.这片不起眼的基地瞥经是它们觅食之地的一部分This unassuming patch was once part of their grazing grounds.令人惊叹的是年长的鹿Remarkably, the older deer似乎记得这里是它们曾经吃草的地方seem to have remembered it as the place where they used to feed.而R这里提供了它们需要的一切And it provides eveiything they need:育草、树叶和香草fresh grass, leaves and herbs.在接下来的儿周中Over the following weeks,它们在这些仅存的零散土地上吃草they graze across a patchwork of these surviving scraps of land.人类的离场还有另外-个优点And there was another upside to the absence of people.科学家发现这忡新的饮食结构不仅让它们更加健康Scientists have discovered that not only did this new diet make them healthier... 并且游客人数的减少意味着塑料垃圾也减少rbut fewer visitors meant less plastic trash,让鹿免于误食死亡的风险which can kill deer.即使动物似平从我们的存在中获益Even when it seems that animals benefit from our presence...在很多情况下没有我们它们会过得更好in many cases, they're actually better off without us.在实行封锁四个月后在所有人类退出的地方Four months into lockdown, and wherever we step back.（阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯人「I 一千五百二十万）我们招下的空间为野生动物提供了新的机会the space we leave is providing wildlife with new opportunities. 在阿根廷In Argentina…通常很害茶的水豚normally shy capybara突袭K这个富裕郊区修剪整齐的花&hearts;园&hearts;raid the manicured gardens of this well-heeled suburb... 这个郊区就建在它们曾经的湿地家园上which has been built on their former wetland home.似乎没有什么可以阻止它们享受原本是它们的地盘Nothing seems to stop them enjoying what was originally theirs. 好吧Well...儿乎没有almost nothing.我们缺席的时间越长动物们就变得越勇敢The longer our absence continues, the more daring animals become. 当非洲的沥猎季被取消And when the safari season in Africa is canceled...（南非姆普马兰加省每年游客人数四百二十万）...one deadly hunter rewrites the rule book.一个致命猎手重写了游戏规则这座豪华旅馆空空如也This luxury lodge stands empty.但不必多久新的客人就开始入住了But it doesn't take long before new guests begin to check in. 长尾黑芸瓶在泳池边预订r座位Vervet monkeys reserve a spot by the pool.与此同时黑斑彩和安氏林羚While impala and nyala antelope 在尽情享用沙拉吧take advantage of the salad bar.怛它们身后不远处But not far behind...出现了一只成年雄性金钱豹a fully grown male leopard.这神通常夜间捕猎的动物在白天出现The appearance during the day of this usually nocturnal hunter 确实出人意料is a real surprise.尤其对我们的摄制组来说Not least for our film crew.大家站若别动Just stand still guys.I've had some intimidating moments in my life, but that is at the top of it. （野生动物摄影师罗索麦克劳林）我一生中遇到过一些吓人的时刻刚才那一刻是数一数二的了在整个非洲Across Africa,金钱豹有超过60%的领地已经被人类占据leopards have lost over 60% of their territory to people,这使得捕猎比以往史加困难making hunting ever more challenging.但在这里没有游客在周围But here, with no guests around,金钱豹看到了机会this leopard sees an opportunity它的行为发生r惊人的改变and makes a remarkable switch in his behavior.它开始在白天捕猎He starts hunting during the day.也许需要尝试几次It may take a few attempts...但没过多久but its not long...它的新策胳before his new strategy...就取得r成果pays off.在非洲金钱豹的数觉Leopard numbers in Africa在过去25年中减少了30%以上have dropped by over 30% in the last 25 years.但通过充分利用这神新的封锁期不限&hearts;址&hearts;自助餐But by taking full advantage of this newall-you-can-eat lockdown buffet, 这只金钱的过得十分惬意this leopard is thriving.这里儿乎成了它的旅馆它的私右.王国This pretty much has become his lodge. His private kingdom.从病毒大流行开始巳经过r六个月It's six months since the pandemic began.（六个月）到9月份40多个国家仍在实施禁令By September, over 40 countries still have restrictions in place...超过三十亿人口的活动受到限制limiting the activities of over 3 billion people.大型集&hearts;金&hearts；Large gatherings,包括现场体育赛虬音乐会和节庆活动including live sporting events, concerts and festivals,将不会回到人们的生活当中除非我们有r可靠的治疗方案比如疫苗will not be able to return until we have a reliable treatment like a vaccine. 当我们在适应新常态时Whilst we adjust to our new normal,大自然的红兴在继续进行nature's rejuvenation continues.（印度恒河）印度的恒河In India, the river Ganges氧气含此增加了80%shows an 80% increase in its oxygen levels.（摩洛鼾大西洋海岸）And on Africa's Atlantic coast,在非洲的大西洋海岸海水清洁度评级从革跃升到优良the water cleanliness rating leaps from poor to excellent.而人类放轻的脚步已持续了足够长的时间And our lighter tread has now been continuing for long enough 让新的一代动物获益for a whole new generation of animals to benefit.（南非开普敦）（人口四月七十万）Here on the South African coast,在南非海岸一些自豪的新手父母走在清技通勤的路一Esome proud new parents are on their morning commute.非洲公驴企鹅African jackass penguins.它们就在我们身边筑起了窝They have set up home right alongside us.在繁殖季期间During the breeding season,每天早上它们去海里捕鱼every morning they head out to sea to go fishing.它们的雏鸟要求很高Their chicks are very demanding.每天需要吃掉相当于体重15%的食物They need to eat around 15% of their body weight every day.幸途的是公驴企鹅是优秀的猎半Luckily, jackass penguins are highly effective hunters...它们能够潜到水下80米处able to dive to depths of 80 meters享用鱼群和中充动物to feast on shoals of fish and crustaceans.但是将猫物带给饥饿的雏鸟是个问题But delivering the catch to their hungry chicks is a problem. 在往年这些海滩挤满r人In previous years, these beaches were packed with people. 当企鹅捕完鱼淋备返回时And by the time the penguins were ready to return from fishing... 会发现它们的道路被挡住了they would find their path blocked.所以很多企鹅在岸边海上等到H落So many of them waited offshore until sunset...等到人群回家when the crowds headed home.而今年海滩上人迹全无But this year, the beach is deserted.企鹅们不再需要以往的做法The penguins abandon their old routine如今在海中只捕鱼几小时就回家了and now head home after just a few hours at sea 肚子里装满r给雏鸟的鱼with a bellyful of fish for their chicks.而11天光尚早它《I可以再去一次海里And with plenty of daylight still in hand, they can go out to sea once more. 现在这些雏鸟-天被喂食两次甚至三次These chicks are now being fed twice or even three times a day. 它们不但更健康长得更快They're not only healthier and growing more rapidly,而且很多家庭在成功哺育双胞胎就像这一家but more families like this one are successfully rearing twins.还有更多的好消息And there's more good news.在接下来的几周里Over the next few weeks,一些父母会继续成功哺育第二窝雏鸟some parents go on to successfully raise a second clutch of chicks, 这是过去十多年来第一次君到的情景the first time this has been seen here in over a decade.多年来我们想当然地认为这里.的企痢和人类For years, we've assumed that penguins and people here 能和平共处were getting along just fine.但.实际上我们让它们的生活变得困难But in reality, we were making their life difficult.鉴于南非的企鹅数量And given that penguin numbers in South Africa在过去30年来下降了儿平70%have dropped by almost 70% over the last 30 years...它们很需要我们的全力把助they need all the help we can give them.不仅是栖息在城市中的动物幼崽任茁壮成长It's not just the young of city-dwelling animals that are thriving. 目前今年封锁限制的影响By now, the effects of this year's restrictions 甚至在世界上彼荒凉的地方也感受到了are even being felt in the world's wildest places.（吉尼亚马赛马拉每年游客人数三十多万）Transforming one big cat's ability to protect its young.改变「一抑大型猫科动物保护其幼崽的能力那就是猎豹Cheetah.地球上速度最快的短跑能手The fastest sprinter on Earth.但它们有一个弱点But they have a weakness.它任I较小的体型意味着它们缺乏其他掠食动物的力珀Their slight build means they lack the strength of rival predators.. 比如期子和凝狗like lions and hyenas.它们会很乐意偷走猎豹的食物They will happily steal a cheetah's meal而且会盛不犹像地杀死猎豹幼也and won't hesitate to kill a cub.猎豹试图保持低调Cheetahs try to keep a low profile.但是因为有两只幼崽需要喂养But with two cubs to feed,这只母猎豹需要每隔两、三天就捕获-只猎物this mother needs to make a kill every two or three days. 在它捕猎的时候While she hunts,它六个月大的幼崽贼在高高的草丛中her six-month-old cubs stay hidden in the long grass.但一旦它捕到猎物就会面临-个技滩选择But as soon as she*s made her kill, she faces a dilemma.它距离幼患有几百米远She is hundreds of meters away from them,而猎物太大无法拖回去with a carcass too large to drag back.如果它离开猎物又会面临猫物被食腐动物偷走的风险And if she leaves it, she will risk it being stolen by scavengers. 它的解决办法是用•种轻柔的瞰鸣声Her solution is to use a soft chirruping call...告诉幼妙来跟它会合to tell her cubs to join her.它必须很小心She must be careful.如果它叫得太大声或太频繁If she calls too loudly or too often,会让敌入发现它无力自卫的幼崽she will alert her enemies to her defenseless cubs.正是这个时刻And it's at this very moment猎豹发现自己的叫声最难被听到that cheetah here have found it hardest to be heard.在川锁之前的年份In the years before lockdown,目睹猎豹捅猫seeing a cheetah hunt was the top of the wish list是马赛马拉浙客的最大愿望for the Maasai Mara's tourists.但在母猎豹杀死猎物后围在周围的人群造成了一个问题But the crowds that surrounded the mother after her kill posed a problem. 有很多噌杂的声音汽车开来开去There's a lot of commotion. Vehicles driving up and down.（猎豹研究者萨利姆曼德拉）导游在无线电上讲话、人们在交谈Guides talking on radio, people talking to each other.喧闹淹没了The hubbub drowned the calls母猎豹向幼崽发出的召唤声of mother cheetahs calling to their cubs.那些噪音All that noise掩盖了猎豹赖以生存的自然信&hearts;号&hearts;&hearts;masks the natural cues that cheetahs rely on to survive.它们被迫持续召唤因此而临吸引敌人的风险Forced to keep on calling, they risked attracting rivals. 而今年But this year...这位母亲几乎没有经历任何人类的干扰this mother is experiencing almost no human disruption.在几声召唤传过空旷的稀树草原后After just a few calls across the empty savanna...它的幼崽听到了召唤her cubs hear her...来到母亲的身旁and join their mother.我们发现母猎的的召唤次数诚少了Wc find that mothers make fewer calls.一、两次之后幼崽会立刻回应One or two times, and cubs respond immediately.没右人类在周围Without people around,研究人员已经看到小猎豹们长势更好researchers are already seeing cheetah cubs doing better.在新冠疫情之前只有三分之一的幼崽能生存下来In pre-COVID times, you'll find one out of three cubs will survive.而目前我们见到rBut currently we are coming across更多三个月以上的幼崽more cubs that are more than three months old,这让我们乐观地相信which makes us optimistic这次我们会有更多幼崽生存下来that this time around we are going to have more cubs surviving, 这意味若更多的猎劫which means more cheetahs.签于在非洲仅剩下大约匕千只成年猫豹With only around 7,000 adult cheetahs left in Africa...似一只幼患都无比珍贸every cub is precious.虽然/次•继续为我们人类带来挑战While the year continues to be challenging for us...（乌干达布温迪国家公园）...more and more endangered animals却有越来越多的濒危动物生存机会得到了极大提升are enjoying a boost to their chances of survival.在2020年随若干扰减少With less disturbance during 2020, 这里的山地大狸猩。

Earth《地球(2007)》完整中英文对照剧本

Of all the planets in our universe,在宇宙的所有行星里there is only one we know can support life.我们知道的只有一个有生命just the right distance from its sun with a perfect climate.它与太阳的距离正好产生了完美的气候lt's been called the lucky planet.它被称为幸运的行星About five billion years ago, a huge asteroid crashed into Earth...大约50亿年前一颗巨大的星体撞入地球tilting it at an angle of exactly 23 and a half degrees to the sun.使它向太阳倾斜了235度This cataclysmic accident turned out to be nothing short of a miracle. 这个大事件的结果可以说是一个奇迹Without that crucial tilt,如果没有这种至关重要的倾斜everything would have been different.一切都会变得不同For it created the seasons,因为它创造了季节the extremes of climate, hot and cold,极端寒冷与炎热的气候and landscapes of spectacular beauty.美不胜收的风景The perfect conditions for life on Earth.和适合地球生命生存的完美条件All life on Earth...地球上所有的生命is built on chance and powered by the sun.都是偶然产生并由太阳滋养But the delicate balances of our world...但是我们世界的这种纤细平衡are faltering,正在变得不稳定as the planet struggles to support our growing demands.因为地球正在挣扎着满足我们不断增长的需求This is the time to take stock of...是该清查一下我们现有的what we have and what we stand to lose.和即将失去的资源的时候了We follow a year on Earth,让我们跟随地球上一年的时光joining our fellow creatures as they battle to raise their young看看在这个日新月异的世界in a world that is rapidly changing.生物们是如何努力地抚养后代的January, the high Arctic,一月北极高地and there has been no sun for over a month.这里已经一个多月未见阳光了At this time of year, it's permanent night.每年此时这里是永久的黑夜Male polar bears are on winter patrol,公北极熊正在进行冬季觅食but there is little to eat.但是食物匮乏Every living thing is just waiting.所有的生命都在等待February,二月and the sun makes its first appearance over the horizon.太阳在地平线上露出了它的第一缕阳光This female bear has been underground in her den the whole winter. 母熊在地下的窝里度过了整个冬季She toboggans down the slope.她从斜坡上滑下去Perhaps it's just to clean her fur,或许只是为了清洁下皮毛but it looks like sheer joy.但看上去好像纯粹是为了取乐She hasn't been alone down there.她在地下并不孤单Her cubs were born underground.她生了幼崽They're two months old,它们两个月大了but this is the very first time they've seen the light of day.但这还是它们第一次见到阳光They're drawn to their mother's calls,它们的母亲在呼唤它们but these slopes are not the easiest place...但这些斜坡对于第一次学步的它们来说to take your first steps.并不是容易的地方The cubs haven't been fed this morning.幼崽今天早上还没吃过奶The mother has delayed...在这个特殊的日子their first meal on this special day.熊妈妈推迟了它们的第一餐Hunger will draw them to her.饥饿会驱使它们回到她的身边lt's the beginning of their training.这是训练的开始Milk is the only food the cubs have known打从它们在雪下降生又聋又盲的时候起since they were born deaf and blind beneath the snow.奶水是它们知道的唯一食物The mother hasn't eaten for five months,熊妈妈已经五个月没有进食了and has lost half her body weight.体重降了一半She's giving the last of her reserves to her cubs.她在把储存的最后一点能量喂给她的孩子She can't leave yet in search of food.她还不能离开幼崽去寻找食物She's trapped on these slopes...她被束缚在斜坡上until the cubs find their feet.直到她的幼崽能够独&hearts;立&hearts;行走lt's a trial female bears have always endured.这是母熊们都要经受的考验Every year at this time, female bears need food desperately.每个这个时节母熊都非常需要食物They know they must get down to their hunting grounds on the ice. 它们知道必须去冰面上的狩猎场What they can't know, is there's a problem waiting for them there. 但它们不知道麻烦正在那里等待着它们A new problem.这是新的情况our planet is warming...我们的星球在变暖and the sea ice is melting earlier every year.海面上的冰每年都在提早融化This is the only place the bears can hunt for seals.这里是熊捕猎海豹的唯一场地lf they don't make it there before the ice breaks up,如果冰面开裂前它们不能赶到their families will starve.全家都要挨饿So far this year, the ice holds firm,就今年目前的情况冰还很结实firm enough to support the male polar bear, the father of the cubs,结实得足以支撑幼崽们的北极熊父亲as he searches for his prey.搜寻猎物He won't help the female.他不会帮助母熊的lnstinct makes him fend for himself alone.本能使它只会照顾自己Ten days later,十天后and the starving mother...饥饿的母熊is trying to lead her young down to the sea ice.试图引领着幼崽们到冰面上去They've found their feet now,它们现在已经会自己走路了but they still don't share her sense of urgency.但它们还不能领会母亲的那种急迫感At last, everyone seems ready for the journey,最后每个人似乎都准备好启程了but it may already be too late.但是可能已经太晚了A few miles from the coast, the ice is already breaking unp.离海岸几英里处冰面已经开始破裂She is leading them into an increasingly dangerous new world.她正把它们带入一个极其危险的新世界lt's unlikely both of her cubs will survive their first year out on the ice. 她的两个幼崽不可能都活过头一年March, and munch of the north remains snow-bound.三月北方的大部分地区依然冰雪封冻A thousand miles south of the bears,在这些熊的南部几英哩处stunted conifers are still locked in ice.针叶松依然被积雪覆盖着They mark the tree line of our planet...它们标出了我们星球上的林带and the start of the Taiga Forest.针叶林带由此开始This vast belt of trees forms an almost unbroken circle...这个广阔的林带在地球的北部周围around the north of the globe.构成了一个几乎连续不断的圆环lt's one of the last great wildernesses.这是最大的荒原之一These conifers have needle-shaped leaves...这些针叶林长着针状的叶子virtually inedible...几乎不能食用so the forest supports very little animal life.所以鲜有动物生活在这片森林里ln this silent world, the snow is rarely marred by footprints,在这个寂静的世界里雪地上几乎没有足迹and those who do live here are so hard to glimpse,很难见到那些在这里生活的动物they're like spirits.它们像幽灵一样The lynx roams hundreds of miles in search of prey.山猫在几百英里范围内搜寻猎物lt may never visit the same patch of forest twice.它可能从不会拜访一个地方两次This creature is the very essence of wilderness.这种动物正是荒原的精髓There are as many trees here as in all the world's rain forests combined - 这里的树木和所有雨林加起来的一样多one third of all the trees on Earth.是地球所有树木的三分之一As spring creeps up from the south,随着春天从南方悄然而至the Taiga is unveiled.针叶林也揭开了它的面纱lt's now that this forest produces so munch oxygen正是这片森林产生了如此多的氧气that it refreshes the atmosphere of the entire planet.才使整个地球的空气保持清新April, and life starts returning to the far north.四月生命开始返回遥远的北方Visitors flock to this haven from all over our planet.访客们从地球的四面八方汇集到这个避难港They've come to make the most of the brief flush of spring food 它们来这里取食突然出现的短暂春季食物and to have their young.和生儿育女ln this changing world在这个多变的世界里every new generation is precious.每个新生命都值得珍爱Caribou travel north following the form -驯鹿随着大潮向北行进more than three million in vast herds crossing the tundra.以超过三百万的群体穿越苔原带Some herds travel more than two thousand miles every year 有些鹿群每年行走2000多英里in search of fresh pasture.以寻找新鲜的牧场lt's the longest overland migration on Earth,这是地球上最长的陆地迁移totally dependant on vast open spaces.完全依赖广阔的野外空间They are constantly on the move.它们不断地迁移lf newborn calves are to keep up,如果新生的幼崽想要跟上they must be on their feet and running the day they're born.它们必须在出生的当天就学会奔跑but these vast herds don't travel alone.但这些庞大的鹿群从不孤单Wolves shadow them all along the way... and they're hungry. 狼群一路上跟踪着它们...它们很饿At first, the attack seems casual, random,最初攻击看似不经意的随意的but this running of the herd is a tactic to generate panic.但是驱赶鹿群是一种产生惊吓的策略ln the chaos, the young can be separated from their mothers. 混乱中幼鹿被从母鹿身边拆散Now it's easier to target an individual calf.把目标集中在单个鹿上会更容易些The calf may be young but it's capable of outrunning the wolf, 小鹿虽然小但只要它不停地奔逃if it manages to keep its footing.还是能逃脱狼的追捕的By this stage, the odds are even.目前势均力敌Either the caribou will make a mistake,要么驯鹿犯错or after a mile or so, the wolf will give unp.要么跑了一英里左右狼会放弃April in the Arctic, and already the sun never sets.四月的北极太阳从来不落but further south,但在更远的南部the sun works its magic in more gradual familiar ways.太阳正以更渐变和熟悉的方式发挥着魔力These are the forests that we know well.这是我们所熟知的森林The broadleaf woodlands of Europe and North America.欧洲和北美的阔叶林带More than any other,比起其它种类these have been crowded out by towns and farmland.这些林区已被城镇和农田排挤掉了Only fragments remain.只剩下一些残存树木Summers are longer here...这里夏季时间更长一些and deciduous trees can flourish.落叶林木能够繁盛生长They're far more edible than conifers,比起针叶树它们更易于食用so these forests bustle with life.所以这些森林里喧嚣着生命Spring has also come early for the mandarin ducks.对这些鸳鸯来说春天已经早早到来The female is leaving her nest high in the treetops.雌鸳鸯正在离开位于树梢高处的巢穴lt's her job to lead the way.带头引路是她的职责lt's a long way down for a maiden flight.那是一条漫长的少女飞翔之路A few calls of encouragement are needed here.需要来点鼓励的叫声There are still two missing.还少两只Only two days old...出生才两天and already one great adventure behind them.它们就已经尝试了一次伟大的冒险What will the rest of the year...在接下来的日子里会为我们这些hold for our planet's latest recruits?星球的新成员保留些什么呢?This is the legacy we've inherited,这是我们继承的遗产thanks to that all-important tilt of the Earth's axis -感谢那至关重要的地轴的倾斜the rhythm of the seasons.它带来了四季的更替The transformations of our world year on year,我们对世界经年累月的改造a seasonal cycle that seems increasingly unreliable.使得季节的循环似乎越来越不可靠but there are parts of our world that have no seasons.但我们的世界确实有些地方没有季节May, in the tropics, but there is no spring.五月的热带不见春天的影子Here the sun shines for 1 2 hours a day every day of the year. 这里太阳每天12小时都在照耀This is what allows the jungle to grow unchecked使得丛林无节制地生长and support so munch life.也滋养了大量的生命Rainforest now covers a third of the area it once did -现在的热带雨林只占过去的三分之一a mere 3% of our planet's surface -相当于地球表面的3％and yet, it contains more than half...然而它却包括了地球上of all the plants and animals on Earth.一半多的动植物种类The rain forests of New Guinea are especially precious...新几内亚的热带雨林尤其珍贵home to 42 different kinds of birds of paradise,这里是42种极乐鸟的家园each more extraordinary than the last.每一种都与众不同This is a particularly rich forest,这是片特别富饶的森林so the six-plumed bird of paradise has no problem finding food. 对六羽极乐鸟来说食物唾手可得He can concentrate on more important tasks,他可以将精力集中在更重要的任务上like tidying up his display area.比如梳理它展示用的羽毛He's obsessed with housework.他孜孜不倦于家务活儿Everything has to be spick and span.一切必须得干干净净的Finally, the stage is set.最终舞台准备就绪lt's a virtuoso performance.这是一次音乐名家的表演Unfortunately, no-one was watching.不幸的是没有观众观看This contender is called the superb bird of paradise.这个表演者叫华美极乐鸟This magician has a special trick.这个魔术师有着特殊的本领First, he advertises his show,首先它宣告着它的表演calling to attract a female.用叫声吸引雌鸟With the audience in place,观众就位后the show can begin.表演开始了She just has to have been impressed with that.她无法抗拒这种表演She retires a little way off to consider her verdict.她退远一点儿来考虑她的决定After all that effort, can she still have doubts?经过这一番殷勤之后她还会犹豫吗?You can't help feeling deflated...当竭尽所能仍不够时when even your best wasn't good enough.你就禁不住泄气了3% of our planet, 50% of its plants and animals -地球3％的面&hearts;积&hearts;却有50％的动植物nowhere is there more at stake.再没有地方比这里更重要了These tropical forests enjoy 1 2 hours of sunshine all year round,热带森林全年12小时享受着日照but they also need lots of rainfall.但它们也需要大量的降雨As weather patterns change, there are already signs当气候类型变化时已有迹像表明that these forests are starting to dry.这些森林正在变的干燥Deserts cover one third of the land's surface on Planet Earth,沙漠覆盖了地球表面的三分之一and they're getting bigger every year.并且每年都在扩张This is a land where only few can survive -此地鲜有生命生存only a special few -只有极少数的一些and the challenges are becoming greater than ever.生存的挑战比以往更严峻June in the Kalahari Desert of Southern Africa.六月非洲南部的喀拉哈里沙漠lt's the dry season here,现在是旱季and thousands of elephants have started the desperate trek for food and water. 数千头大象开始拼命跋涉去寻找食物和水Using ancient route-ways handed down through the generations,利用代代相传的古老通道all are making their way to the Okavango,所有的大象都向奥坎万戈齐头并进a vast inland delta in the heart of the desert.这是沙漠中兴地带的一块广阔内陆三角洲At the moment it is dry, but water should come.现在这里干涸一片但水就会到来Buffalo join the great trek.野牛也加入了这次大规模的跋涉All across Southern Africa,贯穿整个非洲南部millions of animals are on the move,成千上万的动物在移&hearts;动&hearts;着on the same life or death quest for water.进行着同一个对水的生与死的寻觅This tiny calf struggles to keep up.这头小像挣扎着跟上队伍lts mother's instinct is to care for it,它的母亲的本能是要照顾好它but her need for water is so desperate,但她对水的需要是如此强烈she may be forced to leave it behind.她可能被迫扔下它Dust storms make the going tough all the way.一路上沙尘暴使行程更为艰难They've become separated from the herd.它们已经脱离像群This is a dangerous place to lose your way.在这里迷路是非常危险的There's sanctuary a few miles ahead - a small patch of woodland.前方几英里处的一小片树林是处避难所They daren't rest until they reach it.在到达那里前它们不敢休息The rest of the herd have escaped the storm,其他的像躲过了这次风暴but they would all be at risk if they waited for the mother and the calf. 等待这对母子对大家来说是很冒险的Finally, the stragglers emerge from the dust.最终两个落伍者从风尘中走了出来Blinded by sand, the calf barely has the strength to go on.尘沙蒙眼小像几乎无力前行The storm has died down.尘暴平息了but not all the animals have been so lucky.但并不是所有的动物都这么幸运One youngster got lost.一头幼像迷失方向Thirsty and exhausted, it follows the tracks of its mother,它又累又渴跟随着妈妈的足迹but in the wrong direction.但却走向了相反的方向Where dust meets water, the march of the deserts is halted.当尘土遇到水它的远征就此终止Sand dunes give way to prairies and savannah.沙丘让路给草地和稀树草原Grass is a great unsung hero of our planet.草是我们星球上一位伟大的无名英雄It keeps deserts in check and fuels many of Earth's great spectacles. 它遏制了沙漠为许多壮观的景像提供营养The great game herds of East Africa...大批的东非野生动物群体all rely on this one miraculous plant.都依赖这种神奇的植物生存Every day on wide open plains the world over,每天在世界各地的广阔平原上a timeless ritual plays itself out -进行着一场无休止的仪式the drama of hunter and hunted.猎人和猎物的戏剧This is the circle of life...这种生命的循环that most of us, in our urban lives, have lost touch with.我们这些都市里的人久未接触The elephants have been marching now for two weeks.大象已经行进了两周The little calf and its mother have caught up with their herd,母子俩已经追上了大部队but they're desperately thirsty now.但已经极度口渴Perhaps spurred on by a memory from the past,或许是受过去记忆的驱使the matriarch leads the herd to a temporary water hole...母头像领着像群来到一个暂时性的水坑one that may have saved her life years ago.一个可能几年前救过她命的水坑The elephants have to share the water with others.像群必须和其他动物分享这些水These are uneasy alliances.这是不稳定的联盟By day, the elephants dominate the water hole.白天大象统治着水坑ln the night time, the balance of power shifts.夜晚力量的平衡发生转移The calf and its mother are most at risk.小像和母像最危险They're closer to the lions than they can know.它们离狮子的距离近得超出了它们的想像ln the darkness, an elephant's vision is little better than our own.在黑暗中大象的视力比我们的好不了多少Lions can see easily.狮子却看的一清二楚The cats are ravenously hungry这些大猫十分饥饿and the elephants sense the danger.而大象也感觉到了危险The lions bide their time.狮子在等待时机lt's the calves they're after.它们的目标是那些幼像As the lions rally, the elephants herd their young together,随着狮群的聚拢大象把幼崽们赶到一起forming a protective circle to keep them away from the predators.然后站成一圈保护它们远离这些掠食者The cats have to find an opening in this defensive wall of hide.狮子必须在这堵血肉之墙上找到一个缺口The calves are too well protected.幼像受到了很好的保护The lions will have to take a risk, change their tactics.狮子们不得不铤而走险改变战略Normally, a solitary lion would stand no chance against this elephant, 通常单独的一只狮子是无法与大象抗衡的but the whole pride is here - 30 of them...但是这里有整个狮群 30只之多and they're specialist elephant hunters.个个都是专业的捕像猎手For the survivors, the Okavango Delta is still many miles away.对于幸存者来说奥坎万戈三角洲仍有数里之遥As the deserts grow,随着沙漠的扩张and traditional migration routes are blocked by farms and fences,传统的迁徙路线被农田和树篱阻隔elephants must trek ever greater distances.大象不得不跋涉更远的距离The sun that scorches the desert also brings water to the land.炙烤沙漠的太阳也会给这边大地带来水As it beats down on tropical seas,当阳光照射在热带海洋上moisture rises from the warming oceans...湿润的水汽从温暖的洋面上升起powering our global weather system.为全球的气候体系提供了动力Moist winds from the Indian oceans...来自印度洋的潮湿季风sweep north towards the Himalayas.向北吹向喜马拉雅山As the air rises, so it cools and the water falls as snow.随着空气上升冷却水气变成雪降落The scene is set for one of nature most challenging migrations.这个地点是自然界最具挑战性的迁徙之一Each year, thousands of demoiselle cranes try to escape the harsh winters in Mongolia, 每年数千只蓑羽鹤试图躲避蒙古的严冬by flying south to the warmer climes of lndia.藉由向南飞向印度温暖之地To get there,想要到达那里they have to cross the highest mountain range on Earth,它们必须穿越地球上最高的山脊the Himalayas.喜马拉雅山As the sun heats these great slopes,当太阳晒热这些巨大的斜坡warm air rises from the valleys,温热的气流从峡谷升起旋转turning, by late morning, to ferocious winds.到上午晚些时候转变成烈风The cranes hit violent turbulence.鹤群突然遇上了强烈的湍流They'll have to turn back or risk certain death.它们必须掉头不然就要冒必死的风险The sun's rays weaken in the afternoon and the turbulence falls away, 下午阳光减弱湍流也开始消散but it's too late for today.但今天已经来不及了A new day, a new chance.新的一天新的机会The adults must guide their young on this hazardous trip.成年鹤必须引导幼鹤进行这次危险的行程lt's early morning and the warm air is already rising fast.暖气流一清早就已经飞快上升They use the thermals to gain height.它们利用这股暖气流来获得飞行高度Soon it'll get stormy again, maybe too stormy to go on.很快就会起大风也许大到无法继续ln the final ascent,在最后的爬升中every wing beat is a desperate battle against the freezing winds.每一次振翅都是与寒风的生死相博At last, they've made it.最终它们成功了They've conquered the highest peaks on Earth.它们征服了地球上最高的山峰On the other side there's sanctuary for the winter.山的另一边就是它们越冬的避难所The sun melts the snow and the waters go on their way again -太阳融化了积雪水流再次出现the start of their long journey back to the oceans.开始了它们返回海洋的漫漫旅程This is the great unending cycle.这是伟大的永不停息的循环sunlight and fresh water bringing life to every corner of Planet Earth. 阳光和淡水给地球的每个角落带来了生命For generations, humans and animals alike世世代代人类和动物一样come to depend on the great rivers and their seemingly endless flow. 开始依靠大河和它们永不停息的奔腾After months of drought,数月的干旱之后河流the rivers begin to flow again in the Kalahari.又再次流入喀拉哈里沙漠The buffalo reach the end of their long journey.水牛到达了它们漫长旅程的终点As the water sweeps through desert lands,随着水流席卷沙漠the Okavango is transformed into a fertile paradise.奥坎万戈变成了肥沃的天堂This is an Africa we rarely see -这是非洲很少为人见的一面a lush water world totally reliant on a seasonal flood,一个完全依靠季节性河流的水世界originating from a tropical ocean thousands of miles away.水源自千里之外的热带海洋Many animals are quite at home in the flood,很多动物在这片水泽中悠然自得but there are some more apprehensive bathers.但也有一些不自在的浴客After weeks of marching, the elephants are exhausted.经过几周的跋涉像群精疲力竭They struggle to stay focussed on the road ahead.它们竭力将注意力集中于前方的道路The matriarch can smell the water,母头像闻到了水源and encourages the herd to make one last effort.鼓励大家做最后一次努力After so many weeks,经历了这么多星期many hundreds of miles,走过了好几百里路they've arrived.它们终于到了Like the elephants,如同这些大象these waters have travelled great distances to reach here.河水流经了漫长的距离才来到这里And all along the way, their flow is threatened by extraction for towns and farmland. 一路之上它们不断被农田和城镇用水消耗着ln its long life, the calf will make this journey many times.在小像的一生中还会经历多次这样的跋涉Whether the flood will always arrive is far from certain.洪水是否总是如期而至是难以确定的The seasonal cycle that drives the lives of elephants on land,在陆地上左右大象生活的季节循环is just as important in the oceans.与海洋中的同等重要lt's July and the humpback whales are in their breeding grounds in the tropics. 七月座头鲸来到它们热带的哺育场This calf is no more than a few weeks old幼鲸不过几周大and as he begins to tire,当他疲倦时his mother supports him close to the surface, so that he can breathe.他的母亲就帮他浮到海面上以便进行呼吸These shallow equatorial waters make good nurseries -这些赤道浅水区是很好的育儿所they're warm and calm and there are few predators.海水温暖平静掠食者也很少The playful calf is now drinking 600 litres of milk a day,调皮的幼鲸每天要喝600升奶but its mother is starving.但它的母亲饿的要死There's nothing for her to eat in these crystal clear waters.这片明净的水域并无可食之物To find food, she will have to lead her calf...为了找寻食物她得带着孩子进行on an epic 4,000-mile journey长达4000英里的宏伟长征to richer feeding grounds at the southern extremes of our planet.到达地球最南端的富饶进食场所This is the longest migration by any marine mammal,这是海洋哺乳动物做过的最长的旅程and it depends entirely on a healthy ocean all along the way.完全依赖一路上健康的海洋out in the open ocean,在遥远的外海the whales meet others searching for food.鲸群遇到了另一队觅食的动物Dolphins are closing in on their prey.海豚正在迫近猎物A hundred sailfish join in the attack.成百上千的旗鱼加入了狩猎Reaching almost 70 miles an hour, they are the cheetahs of the sea.它们的时速接近70英里堪称海洋猎豹Mother and calf swim on south through the vast open oceans.鲸鱼母子穿越广袤的海洋游向南方They have to cross half the globe,它们必须穿越半个地球from the equator all the way to the edge of Antarctica.从赤道一直到南极洲边缘The tropical seas are a long way behind them now.热带海洋现在离它们已经很远了They're heading for stormy seasonal waters.它们正游向狂暴的季节性海域Strong winds and currents draw nutrients up from the depths强风和洋流泛起海底的养分and life blooms wherever the sun's rays can penetrate.凡是阳光能穿透的地方生命繁盛The mother knows there are even richer feeding grounds further south, 母鲸知道再往南有更丰饶的摄食场所and hurries her calf through these dangerous waters.于是催促她的孩子穿越这片危险水域The great white shark.这是大白鲨Great whites attack whale calves,大白鲨会捕食幼鲸but they're not the victims today.但今天受害者不是它们These magnificent predators, at the very top of the food chain,这些叹为观止的掠食者位于食物链的最高层are a vital part of a healthy ocean...是健康海洋的重要组成部分...and yet we slaughter almost a hundred million of them every year.然而我们每年要屠宰几乎近亿条Their populations are in freefall.它们的数量直线下降August in the Arctic and the ice is vanishing fast.八月北极的冰雪在飞速消融The two cubs cannot cope with the shifting platform两只幼崽应付不了时刻变化的冰面and their hungry mother is forced to lead them back to shore.它们饥饿难耐的母亲被迫将它们领回岸上out to sea, the ice is now too thin...远方的海面上冰实在太薄to support the cubs' father.已经不能再支撑住幼崽们的父亲了Glacial melt waters pour from the land,冰川融水从地面上涌下mix with the sea, and speed up the thaw.与海水混合在一起加速了融化Each year, as the climate warms,每年随着气候的变暖there is less and less ice in the Arctic.北极的冰变的越来越少This is a disaster for polar bears.这对北极熊来说无疑是场灾难Without a solid platform,没有了坚实的冰面they struggle to hunt the seals they need to survive.它们不得不艰难地捕食海豹How will the father make it through...现在冰几乎消失殆尽the year now that the ice is almost gone?这位父亲要如何捱过这一年?September and the whales are 3,000 miles from the equator.九月鲸鱼母子离开赤道已经3000英里了The waters are getting colder and rougher.海水变得越来越冰冷越来越汹涌Mother and calf must stay close.母子俩必须紧靠在一起So as not to lose track of each other, they slap their fins on the surface.为了不失去对方的踪迹它们用鳍拍打着海面They can hear these sound signals above the roar of the ocean.它们能从海浪的咆哮中听到这些声音信&hearts;号&hearts;&hearts;The far south...at last.最终遥远的南方到了October, and the whales are entering polar waters.十月这些鲸鱼进入极地水域Summer is drawing to a close in the north, but here it is only just beginning. 夏季在北方行将结束但在这里才刚刚开始As the sun melts the ice, life returns.随着阳光融化冰雪生命开始回归The whales have finally reached Antarctica...这些鲸鱼终于到达了南极洲in time for the summer.正好赶上夏季Adelie penguins...。

尼斯湖英文字幕

1. Earth, a 4.5billion year old planet, still evolving. As continents shift and clash, Volcanoes erupt,glaciers grow and recede. The earth’s crust is carved in numerous and fascinating ways. Leavinga trail of geological mysteries behind.大地的时候,一个4.5billion岁的星球,还在进化。

作为大陆转移和冲突、火山爆发、冰川成长和退去。

地壳雕刻在众多和奇妙的方式。

只剩下掀翻的奥秘背后地质。

2. In this episode, Loch Ness, in the highlands of Scotland，is explored. It holds more water thanany other lake in Britain, with a bedrock containing some of the oldest rocks on the planet. Set ina landscape that was once part of America. Loch Ness is a lake with an enduring myth the LochNess monster. A team of scientists investigate how Loch Ness was made. The clues they uncover, also provide a window into the formation of the earth itself.我们将在本集中,尼斯湖水怪,在苏格兰的高地上,进行了探讨。

它保存更多的水比其他任何湖在英国,与基岩含一些这个星球上最古老的岩石。

现代大学英语课文译文VI

现代大学英语课文译文VI-3四、课文译文星球之战巴里·卡门纳1．人类生活在两个世界中。

和所有的生物一样，我们生存在这个经过50多亿年物理、化学、生物变化所形成的地球上，即自然世界。

另外一个世界则源于人类的创造，如家庭、汽车、农场、工厂、实验室、食物、服装、书籍、绘画、音乐、诗歌等。

我们为人类世界所发生的一切承担责任，却对自然世界的变化无能为力。

风暴、干旱、洪水等都是上帝的“手笔”，人类无法控制，也无须负责。

2．但如今，从全球的角度看，这个界限已被打破。

对地球起保护作用的臭氧层出现空洞，全球变暖威胁人类，甚至干旱、洪水、热电波等都可能是人类的无心之过。

3．正如宇宙的建立，这种预示性的全球事件是影响深远的。

它们改变了地球与它的恒星太阳之间的关系。

太阳通过两种力量对地球发挥重要作用：重力和太阳辐射。

重力是一种使地球轨道绕太阳转的稳定力量。

太阳辐射——大部分为可见光和紫外线——是沐浴着地球表层的取之不尽、用之不竭的能量，它会随时间和季节的变化而波动。

太阳能为生命进程提供必需的能量：它创造了地球上的气候并掌管着庞大而多样的生物群的逐渐进化和当前的行为。

我们一直在滥用这股强大的力量，就像传说中的魔术师的徒弟一样，并没有意识到我们的这种行为很可能会导致灾难性的后果。

4．自从人类第一次登月起，我们就一直习惯于如今这平常无奇的地球景象——一个被装点着旋涡状白云的蓝色星球。

这真是个壮观的自然天体。

隔着那么远的距离，人类活动的明显痕迹无法被察觉。

但这种曾无数次展现在照片、海报和广告上的景象都是误导。

即使全球变暖这种灾害永不发生，即使臭氧层空洞仍然只是一种深奥的极地现象，人类活动已极大地改变了地球条件，这些也许是用照相机拍不出来的。

世界的每个角落都出现了由核爆炸和核能工业的危险剩余物质所产生的辐射现象，那是从前不存在的；烟霾的有害烈焰笼罩着世界上的大都市；各地都有报道发现母亲的奶水中有致癌的合成杀虫剂的成分；大片大片的森林被砍伐，摧毁了生态小环境，也毁灭了生存在其中的物种。

《瓦尔登湖》节选英汉对照

【瓦尔登湖】我生活的地方；我为何生活到达我们生命的某个时期，我们就习惯于把可以安家落户的地方，一个个地加以考察了。

正是这样我把住所周围一二十英里内的田园统统考察一遍。

我在想象中已经接二连三地买下了那儿的所有田园，因为所有的田园都得要买下来，而且我都已经摸清它们的价格了。

我步行到各个农民的田地上，尝尝他的野苹果，和他谈谈稼穑，再又请他随便开个什么价钱，就照他开的价钱把它买下来，心里却想再以任何价钱把它押给他；甚至付给他一个更高的价钱，——把什么都买下来，只不过没有立契约，——而是把他的闲谈当作他的契约，我这个人原来就很爱闲谈，——我耕耘了那片田地，而且在某种程度上，我想，耕耘了他的心田，如是尝够了乐趣以后，我就扬长而去，好让他继续耕耘下去。

这种经营，竟使我的朋友们当我是一个地产拍客。

其实我是无论坐在哪里，都能够生活的，哪里的风景都能相应地为我而发光。

家宅，不过是一个座位，——如果这个座位是在乡间就更好些。

我发现许多家宅的位置，似乎都是不容易很快加以改进的，有人会觉得它离村镇太远，但我觉得倒是村镇离它太远了点。

我总说，很好，我可以在这里住下；我就在那里过一小时夏天的和冬天的生活；我看到那些岁月如何地奔驰，挨过了冬季，便迎来了新春。

这一区域的未来居民，不管他们将要把房子造在哪里，都可以肯定过去就有人住过那儿了。

只要一个下午就足够把田地化为果园、树林和牧场，并且决定门前应该留着哪些优美的橡树或松树，甚至于砍伐了的树也都派上了最好的用场了；然后，我就由它去啦，好比休耕了一样，一个人越是有许多事情能够放得下，他越是富有。

我的想象却跑得太远了些，我甚至想到有几处田园会拒绝我，不肯出售给我，——被拒绝正合我的心愿呢，——我从来不肯让实际的占有这类事情的伤过我的手指头。

几乎已实际地占有田园那一次，是我购置霍乐威尔那个地方的时候，都已经开始选好种子，找出了木料来，打算造一架手推车，来推动这事，或载之而他往了；可是在原来的主人正要给我一纸契约之前，他的妻子——每一个男人都有一个妻子的——发生了变卦，她要保持她的田产了，他就提出赔我十元钱，解除约定。

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BBC: Earth The Biography-volcanoes
This is our planet, the Earth. It is a remarkable ever-changing world, full of natural wonders. But there’s more to Earth than this, much more. Because our planet is unique in the solar system, perhaps even in the universe. For more than 4.5 billion years have made it a world of extraordinary landscapes and a home to life.
这是我们的行星：地球。

这是一个神奇的千变万化的世界，充满着各种自然奇观。

但是地球本身还有比自然景观更奇特的东西。

因为我们的行星在整个太阳系是独一无二的,甚至在整个宇宙也是如此。

45亿年的时光，地球形成了独特的风景地貌,成了适宜人类生存的家园。

My name is Iain Stewart. And I want to show you how our planet works. I’m going to explore volcanoes. They’re terrifying destructive. But they’re also the most fundamental force on the planet. Volcanoes are part of a global system that continually reshapes our world. They hold the key to the origins of life on Earth. They saved the planet from possibly the biggest crisis it’s ever faced.And they’ve even formed a partnership with life that keeps our planet habitable.
我叫伊恩•斯图尔特。

我将向您介绍我们美妙的星球的运行原理。

我将从火山开始讲起。

火山具有极大的破坏力。

但是它们仍然是地球上最根本的自然力量。

火山是地球系统的一部分，它们一直在改变着地貌。

火山在很大程度上决定了地球的生命起源。

在地球面临最大危机时，是火山拯救了地球。

它们甚至和生命相互依存,给地球生物提供了适宜生存的环境。