ENchapter11enrine

合集下载

大一德语期末考试题及答案

大一德语期末考试题及答案

大一德语期末考试题及答案一、词汇与语法(共30分)1. 请将下列德语单词翻译成中文(每题2分,共10分): - Haus- Auto- Essen- Lehrer- Freund2. 请将下列中文句子翻译成德语(每题2分,共10分): - 我在学习德语。

- 明天是星期几?- 她喜欢听音乐。

- 我们去图书馆看书。

- 他每天跑步。

3. 请用正确的德语语法形式填空(每题1分,共10分): - Ich __________ (学习) Deutsch.- Er __________ (是) mein Freund.- Wir __________ (去) in die Stadt.- Sie __________ (有) viele Bücher.- Er __________ (看) fern.二、阅读理解(共20分)阅读下面的短文,然后回答问题。

Ein Tag im Leben eines deutschen StudentenAm Morgen steht der deutsche Student um 7 Uhr auf. Er trinkt einen Kaffee und isst ein kleines Frühstück. Dann geht erzur Universität. Nach dem Unterricht geht er in die Bibliothek, um zu lernen. Mittags isst er mit Freunden im Mensa. Nach dem Mittagessen geht er zurück in die Bibliothek. Abends besucht er oft eine Vorlesung oder arbeitet in der Gruppe. Nach dem Unterricht geht er ins Café, um zu entspannen. Abends schaut er fern oder liest ein Buch. Ergeht um 11 Uhr ins Bett.1. Was macht der Student am Morgen? (2分)2. Wo isst der Student zu Mittag? (2分)3. Was macht er nach dem Mittagessen? (3分)4. Was tut er Abends? (3分)5. Wie spät geht er ins Bett? (2分)三、写作(共50分)请根据以下提示写一篇不少于200字的德语短文。

暗之探险队主角选择流程攻略 (2)

暗之探险队主角选择流程攻略 (2)

主角タイプ(姓名)..............♂(男).............♀(女)フシギダネ(妙蛙种子)...さみしがり(孤独)....すなお(坦率)ヒトカゲ(小火龙).......すなお(坦率)........ゆうかん(勇敢)ゼニガメ(杰尼龟).......きまぐれ(浮躁)......ずぶとい(大胆)ピカチュウ(皮卡丘) .....ゆうかん(勇敢)......せっかち(急躁)ニャース(喵喵).........なまいき(狂妄)......のんき(悠闲)チコリータ(菊草叶).....おだやか(沉着)......れいせい(冷静)ヒノアラシ(火球鼠)....おくびょう(胆小)....おだやか(沉着) ワニノコ(小锯鳄)......ようき(开朗)........なまいき(狂妄)キモリ(草蜥蜴)........れいせい(冷静)......がんばりや(实干)アチャモ(小火鸡)......がんばりや(实干)....うっかりや(马虎) ミズゴロウ(水跃鱼)....うっかりや(马虎)....さみしがり(孤独) エネコ(向尾猫)........せっかち(急噪)......むじゃき(天真)ナエトル(嫩叶龟).......ずぶとい(大胆)......おくびょう(胆小)ヒコザル(小火猴)......むじゃき(天真)......わんぱく(淘气)ポッチャマ(圆企鹅)....わんぱく(淘气)......きまぐれ(浮躁)ゴンベ(刚比兽).........のんき(悠闲)........ようき(开朗)1、(明天有重要的考试,你会……)A:(通宵熬夜学习)→(实干+2)B:(听天由命)→(悠闲+2)C:(怎么?忽然觉得发烧了?)→(胆小+1)2、(和一个没怎么交谈的朋友独处在一起,你会)A:(聊天)→(沉着+1 实干+1)B:(不说话)→(浮躁+1)C:(说个理由闪人)→(胆小+2)3、(你是否有一堆买时觉得不错可已经用不上的东西?)A:(是的)→(浮躁+2 马虎+1 急噪+1)B:(不是)→(冷静+1)4、(有一块过期一天的蛋糕。

OSHA现场作业手册说明书

OSHA现场作业手册说明书

DIRECTIVE NUMBER: CPL 02-00-150 EFFECTIVE DATE: April 22, 2011 SUBJECT: Field Operations Manual (FOM)ABSTRACTPurpose: This instruction cancels and replaces OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-148,Field Operations Manual (FOM), issued November 9, 2009, whichreplaced the September 26, 1994 Instruction that implemented the FieldInspection Reference Manual (FIRM). The FOM is a revision of OSHA’senforcement policies and procedures manual that provides the field officesa reference document for identifying the responsibilities associated withthe majority of their inspection duties. This Instruction also cancels OSHAInstruction FAP 01-00-003 Federal Agency Safety and Health Programs,May 17, 1996 and Chapter 13 of OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-045,Revised Field Operations Manual, June 15, 1989.Scope: OSHA-wide.References: Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1903.6, Advance Notice ofInspections; 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1903.14, Policy RegardingEmployee Rescue Activities; 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1903.19,Abatement Verification; 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1904.39,Reporting Fatalities and Multiple Hospitalizations to OSHA; and Housingfor Agricultural Workers: Final Rule, Federal Register, March 4, 1980 (45FR 14180).Cancellations: OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-148, Field Operations Manual, November9, 2009.OSHA Instruction FAP 01-00-003, Federal Agency Safety and HealthPrograms, May 17, 1996.Chapter 13 of OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-045, Revised FieldOperations Manual, June 15, 1989.State Impact: Notice of Intent and Adoption required. See paragraph VI.Action Offices: National, Regional, and Area OfficesOriginating Office: Directorate of Enforcement Programs Contact: Directorate of Enforcement ProgramsOffice of General Industry Enforcement200 Constitution Avenue, NW, N3 119Washington, DC 20210202-693-1850By and Under the Authority ofDavid Michaels, PhD, MPHAssistant SecretaryExecutive SummaryThis instruction cancels and replaces OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-148, Field Operations Manual (FOM), issued November 9, 2009. The one remaining part of the prior Field Operations Manual, the chapter on Disclosure, will be added at a later date. This Instruction also cancels OSHA Instruction FAP 01-00-003 Federal Agency Safety and Health Programs, May 17, 1996 and Chapter 13 of OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-045, Revised Field Operations Manual, June 15, 1989. This Instruction constitutes OSHA’s general enforcement policies and procedures manual for use by the field offices in conducting inspections, issuing citations and proposing penalties.Significant Changes∙A new Table of Contents for the entire FOM is added.∙ A new References section for the entire FOM is added∙ A new Cancellations section for the entire FOM is added.∙Adds a Maritime Industry Sector to Section III of Chapter 10, Industry Sectors.∙Revises sections referring to the Enhanced Enforcement Program (EEP) replacing the information with the Severe Violator Enforcement Program (SVEP).∙Adds Chapter 13, Federal Agency Field Activities.∙Cancels OSHA Instruction FAP 01-00-003, Federal Agency Safety and Health Programs, May 17, 1996.DisclaimerThis manual is intended to provide instruction regarding some of the internal operations of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and is solely for the benefit of the Government. No duties, rights, or benefits, substantive or procedural, are created or implied by this manual. The contents of this manual are not enforceable by any person or entity against the Department of Labor or the United States. Statements which reflect current Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission or court precedents do not necessarily indicate acquiescence with those precedents.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIONI.PURPOSE. ........................................................................................................... 1-1 II.SCOPE. ................................................................................................................ 1-1 III.REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 1-1 IV.CANCELLATIONS............................................................................................. 1-8 V. ACTION INFORMATION ................................................................................. 1-8A.R ESPONSIBLE O FFICE.......................................................................................................................................... 1-8B.A CTION O FFICES. .................................................................................................................... 1-8C. I NFORMATION O FFICES............................................................................................................ 1-8 VI. STATE IMPACT. ................................................................................................ 1-8 VII.SIGNIFICANT CHANGES. ............................................................................... 1-9 VIII.BACKGROUND. ................................................................................................. 1-9 IX. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY. ........................................................ 1-10A.T HE A CT................................................................................................................................................................. 1-10B. C OMPLIANCE S AFETY AND H EALTH O FFICER (CSHO). ...........................................................1-10B.H E/S HE AND H IS/H ERS ..................................................................................................................................... 1-10C.P ROFESSIONAL J UDGMENT............................................................................................................................... 1-10E. W ORKPLACE AND W ORKSITE ......................................................................................................................... 1-10CHAPTER 2PROGRAM PLANNINGI.INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 2-1 II.AREA OFFICE RESPONSIBILITIES. .............................................................. 2-1A.P ROVIDING A SSISTANCE TO S MALL E MPLOYERS. ...................................................................................... 2-1B.A REA O FFICE O UTREACH P ROGRAM. ............................................................................................................. 2-1C. R ESPONDING TO R EQUESTS FOR A SSISTANCE. ............................................................................................ 2-2 III. OSHA COOPERATIVE PROGRAMS OVERVIEW. ...................................... 2-2A.V OLUNTARY P ROTECTION P ROGRAM (VPP). ........................................................................... 2-2B.O NSITE C ONSULTATION P ROGRAM. ................................................................................................................ 2-2C.S TRATEGIC P ARTNERSHIPS................................................................................................................................. 2-3D.A LLIANCE P ROGRAM ........................................................................................................................................... 2-3 IV. ENFORCEMENT PROGRAM SCHEDULING. ................................................ 2-4A.G ENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................. 2-4B.I NSPECTION P RIORITY C RITERIA. ..................................................................................................................... 2-4C.E FFECT OF C ONTEST ............................................................................................................................................ 2-5D.E NFORCEMENT E XEMPTIONS AND L IMITATIONS. ....................................................................................... 2-6E.P REEMPTION BY A NOTHER F EDERAL A GENCY ........................................................................................... 2-6F.U NITED S TATES P OSTAL S ERVICE. .................................................................................................................. 2-7G.H OME-B ASED W ORKSITES. ................................................................................................................................ 2-8H.I NSPECTION/I NVESTIGATION T YPES. ............................................................................................................... 2-8 V.UNPROGRAMMED ACTIVITY – HAZARD EVALUATION AND INSPECTION SCHEDULING ............................................................................ 2-9 VI.PROGRAMMED INSPECTIONS. ................................................................... 2-10A.S ITE-S PECIFIC T ARGETING (SST) P ROGRAM. ............................................................................................. 2-10B.S CHEDULING FOR C ONSTRUCTION I NSPECTIONS. ..................................................................................... 2-10C.S CHEDULING FOR M ARITIME I NSPECTIONS. ............................................................................. 2-11D.S PECIAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (SEP S). ................................................................................... 2-12E.N ATIONAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (NEP S) ............................................................................... 2-13F.L OCAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (LEP S) AND R EGIONAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (REP S) ............ 2-13G.O THER S PECIAL P ROGRAMS. ............................................................................................................................ 2-13H.I NSPECTION S CHEDULING AND I NTERFACE WITH C OOPERATIVE P ROGRAM P ARTICIPANTS ....... 2-13CHAPTER 3INSPECTION PROCEDURESI.INSPECTION PREPARATION. .......................................................................... 3-1 II.INSPECTION PLANNING. .................................................................................. 3-1A.R EVIEW OF I NSPECTION H ISTORY .................................................................................................................... 3-1B.R EVIEW OF C OOPERATIVE P ROGRAM P ARTICIPATION .............................................................................. 3-1C.OSHA D ATA I NITIATIVE (ODI) D ATA R EVIEW .......................................................................................... 3-2D.S AFETY AND H EALTH I SSUES R ELATING TO CSHO S.................................................................. 3-2E.A DVANCE N OTICE. ................................................................................................................................................ 3-3F.P RE-I NSPECTION C OMPULSORY P ROCESS ...................................................................................................... 3-5G.P ERSONAL S ECURITY C LEARANCE. ................................................................................................................. 3-5H.E XPERT A SSISTANCE. ........................................................................................................................................... 3-5 III. INSPECTION SCOPE. ......................................................................................... 3-6A.C OMPREHENSIVE ................................................................................................................................................... 3-6B.P ARTIAL. ................................................................................................................................................................... 3-6 IV. CONDUCT OF INSPECTION .............................................................................. 3-6A.T IME OF I NSPECTION............................................................................................................................................. 3-6B.P RESENTING C REDENTIALS. ............................................................................................................................... 3-6C.R EFUSAL TO P ERMIT I NSPECTION AND I NTERFERENCE ............................................................................. 3-7D.E MPLOYEE P ARTICIPATION. ............................................................................................................................... 3-9E.R ELEASE FOR E NTRY ............................................................................................................................................ 3-9F.B ANKRUPT OR O UT OF B USINESS. .................................................................................................................... 3-9G.E MPLOYEE R ESPONSIBILITIES. ................................................................................................. 3-10H.S TRIKE OR L ABOR D ISPUTE ............................................................................................................................. 3-10I. V ARIANCES. .......................................................................................................................................................... 3-11 V. OPENING CONFERENCE. ................................................................................ 3-11A.G ENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................ 3-11B.R EVIEW OF A PPROPRIATION A CT E XEMPTIONS AND L IMITATION. ..................................................... 3-13C.R EVIEW S CREENING FOR P ROCESS S AFETY M ANAGEMENT (PSM) C OVERAGE............................. 3-13D.R EVIEW OF V OLUNTARY C OMPLIANCE P ROGRAMS. ................................................................................ 3-14E.D ISRUPTIVE C ONDUCT. ...................................................................................................................................... 3-15F.C LASSIFIED A REAS ............................................................................................................................................. 3-16VI. REVIEW OF RECORDS. ................................................................................... 3-16A.I NJURY AND I LLNESS R ECORDS...................................................................................................................... 3-16B.R ECORDING C RITERIA. ...................................................................................................................................... 3-18C. R ECORDKEEPING D EFICIENCIES. .................................................................................................................. 3-18 VII. WALKAROUND INSPECTION. ....................................................................... 3-19A.W ALKAROUND R EPRESENTATIVES ............................................................................................................... 3-19B.E VALUATION OF S AFETY AND H EALTH M ANAGEMENT S YSTEM. ....................................................... 3-20C.R ECORD A LL F ACTS P ERTINENT TO A V IOLATION. ................................................................................. 3-20D.T ESTIFYING IN H EARINGS ................................................................................................................................ 3-21E.T RADE S ECRETS. ................................................................................................................................................. 3-21F.C OLLECTING S AMPLES. ..................................................................................................................................... 3-22G.P HOTOGRAPHS AND V IDEOTAPES.................................................................................................................. 3-22H.V IOLATIONS OF O THER L AWS. ....................................................................................................................... 3-23I.I NTERVIEWS OF N ON-M ANAGERIAL E MPLOYEES .................................................................................... 3-23J.M ULTI-E MPLOYER W ORKSITES ..................................................................................................................... 3-27 K.A DMINISTRATIVE S UBPOENA.......................................................................................................................... 3-27 L.E MPLOYER A BATEMENT A SSISTANCE. ........................................................................................................ 3-27 VIII. CLOSING CONFERENCE. .............................................................................. 3-28A.P ARTICIPANTS. ..................................................................................................................................................... 3-28B.D ISCUSSION I TEMS. ............................................................................................................................................ 3-28C.A DVICE TO A TTENDEES .................................................................................................................................... 3-29D.P ENALTIES............................................................................................................................................................. 3-30E.F EASIBLE A DMINISTRATIVE, W ORK P RACTICE AND E NGINEERING C ONTROLS. ............................ 3-30F.R EDUCING E MPLOYEE E XPOSURE. ................................................................................................................ 3-32G.A BATEMENT V ERIFICATION. ........................................................................................................................... 3-32H.E MPLOYEE D ISCRIMINATION .......................................................................................................................... 3-33 IX. SPECIAL INSPECTION PROCEDURES. ...................................................... 3-33A.F OLLOW-UP AND M ONITORING I NSPECTIONS............................................................................................ 3-33B.C ONSTRUCTION I NSPECTIONS ......................................................................................................................... 3-34C. F EDERAL A GENCY I NSPECTIONS. ................................................................................................................. 3-35CHAPTER 4VIOLATIONSI. BASIS OF VIOLATIONS ..................................................................................... 4-1A.S TANDARDS AND R EGULATIONS. .................................................................................................................... 4-1B.E MPLOYEE E XPOSURE. ........................................................................................................................................ 4-3C.R EGULATORY R EQUIREMENTS. ........................................................................................................................ 4-6D.H AZARD C OMMUNICATION. .............................................................................................................................. 4-6E. E MPLOYER/E MPLOYEE R ESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................... 4-6 II. SERIOUS VIOLATIONS. .................................................................................... 4-8A.S ECTION 17(K). ......................................................................................................................... 4-8B.E STABLISHING S ERIOUS V IOLATIONS ............................................................................................................ 4-8C. F OUR S TEPS TO BE D OCUMENTED. ................................................................................................................... 4-8 III. GENERAL DUTY REQUIREMENTS ............................................................. 4-14A.E VALUATION OF G ENERAL D UTY R EQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 4-14B.E LEMENTS OF A G ENERAL D UTY R EQUIREMENT V IOLATION.............................................................. 4-14C. U SE OF THE G ENERAL D UTY C LAUSE ........................................................................................................ 4-23D.L IMITATIONS OF U SE OF THE G ENERAL D UTY C LAUSE. ..............................................................E.C LASSIFICATION OF V IOLATIONS C ITED U NDER THE G ENERAL D UTY C LAUSE. ..................F. P ROCEDURES FOR I MPLEMENTATION OF S ECTION 5(A)(1) E NFORCEMENT ............................ 4-25 4-27 4-27IV.OTHER-THAN-SERIOUS VIOLATIONS ............................................... 4-28 V.WILLFUL VIOLATIONS. ......................................................................... 4-28A.I NTENTIONAL D ISREGARD V IOLATIONS. ..........................................................................................4-28B.P LAIN I NDIFFERENCE V IOLATIONS. ...................................................................................................4-29 VI. CRIMINAL/WILLFUL VIOLATIONS. ................................................... 4-30A.A REA D IRECTOR C OORDINATION ....................................................................................................... 4-31B.C RITERIA FOR I NVESTIGATING P OSSIBLE C RIMINAL/W ILLFUL V IOLATIONS ........................ 4-31C. W ILLFUL V IOLATIONS R ELATED TO A F ATALITY .......................................................................... 4-32 VII. REPEATED VIOLATIONS. ...................................................................... 4-32A.F EDERAL AND S TATE P LAN V IOLATIONS. ........................................................................................4-32B.I DENTICAL S TANDARDS. .......................................................................................................................4-32C.D IFFERENT S TANDARDS. .......................................................................................................................4-33D.O BTAINING I NSPECTION H ISTORY. .....................................................................................................4-33E.T IME L IMITATIONS..................................................................................................................................4-34F.R EPEATED V. F AILURE TO A BATE....................................................................................................... 4-34G. A REA D IRECTOR R ESPONSIBILITIES. .............................................................................. 4-35 VIII. DE MINIMIS CONDITIONS. ................................................................... 4-36A.C RITERIA ................................................................................................................................................... 4-36B.P ROFESSIONAL J UDGMENT. ..................................................................................................................4-37C. A REA D IRECTOR R ESPONSIBILITIES. .............................................................................. 4-37 IX. CITING IN THE ALTERNATIVE ............................................................ 4-37 X. COMBINING AND GROUPING VIOLATIONS. ................................... 4-37A.C OMBINING. ..............................................................................................................................................4-37B.G ROUPING. ................................................................................................................................................4-38C. W HEN N OT TO G ROUP OR C OMBINE. ................................................................................................4-38 XI. HEALTH STANDARD VIOLATIONS ....................................................... 4-39A.C ITATION OF V ENTILATION S TANDARDS ......................................................................................... 4-39B.V IOLATIONS OF THE N OISE S TANDARD. ...........................................................................................4-40 XII. VIOLATIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION STANDARD(§1910.134). ....................................................................................................... XIII. VIOLATIONS OF AIR CONTAMINANT STANDARDS (§1910.1000) ... 4-43 4-43A.R EQUIREMENTS UNDER THE STANDARD: .................................................................................................. 4-43B.C LASSIFICATION OF V IOLATIONS OF A IR C ONTAMINANT S TANDARDS. ......................................... 4-43 XIV. CITING IMPROPER PERSONAL HYGIENE PRACTICES. ................... 4-45A.I NGESTION H AZARDS. .................................................................................................................................... 4-45B.A BSORPTION H AZARDS. ................................................................................................................................ 4-46C.W IPE S AMPLING. ............................................................................................................................................. 4-46D.C ITATION P OLICY ............................................................................................................................................ 4-46 XV. BIOLOGICAL MONITORING. ...................................................................... 4-47CHAPTER 5CASE FILE PREPARATION AND DOCUMENTATIONI.INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 5-1 II.INSPECTION CONDUCTED, CITATIONS BEING ISSUED. .................... 5-1A.OSHA-1 ................................................................................................................................... 5-1B.OSHA-1A. ............................................................................................................................... 5-1C. OSHA-1B. ................................................................................................................................ 5-2 III.INSPECTION CONDUCTED BUT NO CITATIONS ISSUED .................... 5-5 IV.NO INSPECTION ............................................................................................... 5-5 V. HEALTH INSPECTIONS. ................................................................................. 5-6A.D OCUMENT P OTENTIAL E XPOSURE. ............................................................................................................... 5-6B.E MPLOYER’S O CCUPATIONAL S AFETY AND H EALTH S YSTEM. ............................................................. 5-6 VI. AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES............................................................................. 5-8A.B URDEN OF P ROOF. .............................................................................................................................................. 5-8B.E XPLANATIONS. ..................................................................................................................................................... 5-8 VII. INTERVIEW STATEMENTS. ........................................................................ 5-10A.G ENERALLY. ......................................................................................................................................................... 5-10B.CSHO S SHALL OBTAIN WRITTEN STATEMENTS WHEN: .......................................................................... 5-10C.L ANGUAGE AND W ORDING OF S TATEMENT. ............................................................................................. 5-11D.R EFUSAL TO S IGN S TATEMENT ...................................................................................................................... 5-11E.V IDEO AND A UDIOTAPED S TATEMENTS. ..................................................................................................... 5-11F.A DMINISTRATIVE D EPOSITIONS. .............................................................................................5-11 VIII. PAPERWORK AND WRITTEN PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS. .......... 5-12 IX.GUIDELINES FOR CASE FILE DOCUMENTATION FOR USE WITH VIDEOTAPES AND AUDIOTAPES .............................................................. 5-12 X.CASE FILE ACTIVITY DIARY SHEET. ..................................................... 5-12 XI. CITATIONS. ..................................................................................................... 5-12A.S TATUTE OF L IMITATIONS. .............................................................................................................................. 5-13B.I SSUING C ITATIONS. ........................................................................................................................................... 5-13C.A MENDING/W ITHDRAWING C ITATIONS AND N OTIFICATION OF P ENALTIES. .................................. 5-13D.P ROCEDURES FOR A MENDING OR W ITHDRAWING C ITATIONS ............................................................ 5-14 XII. INSPECTION RECORDS. ............................................................................... 5-15A.G ENERALLY. ......................................................................................................................................................... 5-15B.R ELEASE OF I NSPECTION I NFORMATION ..................................................................................................... 5-15C. C LASSIFIED AND T RADE S ECRET I NFORMATION ...................................................................................... 5-16。

英语阅读小妇人第十一章内容

英语阅读小妇人第十一章内容

英语阅读小妇人第十一章内容"Little Women" is a novel written by Louisa May Alcott. In the eleventh chapter of this book, which is titled "Experiments," we see the March sisters continuing to navigate the challenges of their young lives. The chapter revolves around the different ways in which each sister deals with their own personal struggles and desires. Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy are each faced with unique obstacles, and their responses provide insight into their characters and the bond that holds them together.在小说《小妇人》的第十一章中,我们看到了马奇姐妹继续应对她们年轻生活中的挑战。

这一章主要围绕每个姐妹如何处理自己的个人困扰和渴望展开。

梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米面对了不同的障碍,她们的反应揭示了她们的性格特点以及联系她们在一起的纽带。

Meg, as the eldest sister, is portrayed as responsible and mature. In this chapter, we see her struggling with the desire to fit in with her wealthy friends and maintain her sense of self. Her internal conflict reflects the universal struggle of balancing societal expectations withpersonal values. Meg's journey in "Experiments" demonstrates the complexity of growing up and finding one's place in the world.作为最大的姐姐,梅格被描述为负责任和成熟。

her home--她的家

her home--她的家

中文摘要这篇文章是来自英语写作网上的一篇文章。

本文讲述了在二十世纪初,一个叫艾米丽的女孩与她年轻的骑警丈夫恩尼斯特.哈丁结婚后一直想要一个属于自己的家,属于自己的房子。

最后他终于答应给她建个房子。

之后,她开始专心准备她的新家,并在家里种了她妈妈送她的常青藤,并与它培养了感情。

接着讲述了女主人公回忆与她的丈夫恩尼斯特在多伦多车站初次相遇的情景,以及他们在之后的相知,相爱最后他带艾米丽回家结婚的过程。

其中也讲到,艾米丽在家里并不讨她的婆婆诺拉的喜欢。

不仅因为诺拉认为艾米丽抢走了她的儿子,霸占了她在她儿子心中的地位。

而且诺拉丈夫奈杰尔的同事都发现艾米丽很有魅力并且很喜欢她,关注她。

因此诺拉被大家忽略了。

最后讲述了,艾米丽家生活的环境包括居民的生活,恶劣的气候,优美的风景以及二十世纪初艾米丽生活的那个地方的改变。

在翻译这篇文章的时候,遇到很多问题。

有时发现有些句子是不能直接翻译的,要联系上下文再能弄懂它的含义。

单词也一样,一定要翻译得符合文章的情景。

总之,要把文章多看几次,完全理解后才能把文章翻译好。

她的家对于艾米丽来说,这不仅仅是座沥青的小屋,而是一个家,甚至是一个天堂。

随着漫长的一天结束后,她把脚放在门前走廊的栏杆上休息。

她依然可以闻到焦油味,她曾坚持要一个门廊,不管房子闻起来有什么味道对她来说都无所谓,因为她相信这味道最终会消失的,而她的新家还在。

大约一年前,艾米丽和西北部的骑警恩尼斯特.哈丁结婚了,她花了6个月纠缠她的新夫君就是为了让他给她建一个家。

他老是说他们没有钱买得起自己的家,除非要等他老了或是升职。

她老是说自己是个农场的女孩(对于这点,他在与她结婚的时候已非常清楚了。

)她需要一个家,在漫长的冬天里可以在房子里种植物,并且春天里在房子外种花。

她坚称伴随着她小小的脚印,她的手指和脚趾都会因为没法接触属于她的泥土而脱落了。

而且,如果她不得不住在那一间小小的,靠近尖酸刻薄的婆婆的厨房的卧室里再久一点的话,她可无法保证如何控制不去抱怨。

Hossfeld方法中文版:高效学习西班牙文中文字典与语法大全说明书

Hossfeld方法中文版:高效学习西班牙文中文字典与语法大全说明书

S E E C G I N L H-FR N H D I CT I ONA RY
FRENCH- ENGLISH D ICTIONARY T H E T wo DICT ION \ R I E S i n o n e vol ume
.
MANU AL OF FRENCH CONVERSATION
I OO PASSAG ES FO R T RANSLATION I NTO ENGLISH AND
F I S A D O B y P R
RJ
.
.
.
NR .
P R IC E ONE SH I L L I NG .
HI R SOHF E L D B R OS
B RE AMS
B U I LD I NG S,
F ETTE RLANΒιβλιοθήκη ,L,OND
ON ,
EC
.
.
H O S SF E L D’S
M N E W P R A C T I C A L
ITALIAN COMPOSITION AND IDIOMS
CONJU G AT I ON O F I TALI AN R E GIILA R A ND I R R EG U LA R
VERBS .
ENGLIS H ITALIAN
A ND
ITALIAN
ENGLIS H
D I CT I ONA RY,
ENGLISH-GERMAN D ICTIONARY
GERMAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY T HE T wo DI CT I ONAR I ES i n one volume
SELECT GER MAN
S W E DI S H .

Chapter eleven Page 110 Week eleven Reptiles and …

Chapter eleven Page 110 Week eleven Reptiles and …

W e e k e l e v e n:R e p t i l e s a n d a m p h i b i a n sD a y o n eToday,you and your child will:1.Read the text2.review the text with your childplete the student worksheets4.find the materials you will need for days two and threeDuring your review,The following list will give you the most important parts of your child’s reading for this week.Plants and animals have life cycles that include being born,developing into adults,reproducing,and eventually dying.The details of this life cycle are different for different organisms.Reptiles,amphibians and fish all have unique life cycles,not only among themselves,but also within their individual species.Most reptiles lay eggs that contain young which look like smaller versions of the adults.Many amphibians lay eggs too;however,their young do no always look like their parent until they begin to grow.Frogs are a good example of this since tadpoles do not look like adult frogs at all!Many fish are hatched from eggs as well.Like reptiles,these small fish tend to look very much like their parents.Definitions:Reptiles a cold-blooded animal with rough, dry skin that is covered in scales; turtles,snakes and alligators arereptilesAmphibians“am-fib-ee-anz”;cold-bloodedvertebrates with smooth wet skinfish cold-blooded vertebrates that liveinside the aquatic biomescales thin,flat and hard plates on the skinof a reptilecold-blooded an animal whose body stays about the same temperature as theirhabitatvertebrates an animal which has a backbone tadpole a young froggillsspecial body parts on fish that allow them to breathe air from thewaterSample Questions to ask after your child finishes their reading for day one:How is the skin different between a reptile and amphibian?Reptiles have rough,dry skin that are covered in scales.Amphibianstypically have smooth,wet skin.What do you have to have to be a vertebrate?Are you a vertebrate?A backbone;all humans are vertebratesAre the life cycles for all reptiles the same?No.each species may have special characteristics in their life cycle.There may be several species with the same life cycle,but you cannot say that allreptiles have the same cycle.A n s w e r s t o w o r k s h e e t q u e s t i o n s f o rw e e k e l e v e n:Page One:1.Scales2.Reptiles3.Tadpoles4.Fish5.Gills6.Cold-blooded7.Vertebrates8.amphibiansPage Two:5-Reptiles8-Amphibians1-fish3-scales7-cold-blooded2-vertebrates6-tadpole4-gillsPage Three:“Compare and contrast The reptiles and amphibians:”Both of these organisms are found in the animal kingdom, are vertebrates and are cold-blooded.Reptiles have dry scaly skin while amphibians have smooth, wet skin.Unlike reptiles,Amphibians do not always look like their parents right after they are born.D a y t w oToday,you and your child will:1.review day one using the following text2.run the activity:“cool under pressure...”The following list will give you the most important items to review for your activitytoday!The environment where an organism lives and the daily changes in temperature,has an effect on the movement of most organisms.Cold-blooded organisms can be found sunning themselves during the warmth of the day.When it becomes too warm,you can find them in or near water or possibly in a shaded area.Cool under pressure...Children will identify areas in their home where a cold-blooded organism may live.Materials:ThermometerTemperature chart(see attached)Activity:Inform your child that he/she is going to pretend they are a cold-blooded reptile.Being cold-blooded means that the temperature around them must stay within a certain range or they may get hurt! This means they need to find one or more locations in their home where they can live for most of the time.They may also need to find places where they can warm up or cool down if their area changes temperature!!!The temperature range they must live within is between75-85°F.If asked,do not tell them how hot/cold this temperature really is!They will run an experiment to find this out!!!Have your child place the thermometer in different places around your home(i.e.on a windowsill,in a closet,in the refrigerator.Record the temperature in each of these locations after5,10and20minutes. Your child should find several places in your home that are below and above75-85°F.Ask them what area in their home would be the best for them to survive?Then ask them what they would do if the temperature got too hot or too cold...what would they do? Explanation:This activity is very similar to cold-blooded animals who experience a change in their habitat’s temperature.These animals tend to find places to cool off or warm up when the air temperature changes.Snakes,for example,can be found sunning themselves on cool mornings.Reptiles may find a shady area or burrow into soft mud to cool themselves off if they get too hot!T e m p e r a t u r e c h a r t5 minutes10minutes20minutesLocations Location#1 Location#2 Location#3 Location#4 Location#5 Location#6 Location#7 Location#8 Location#9 Location#10D a y t h r e eToday,you and your child will:1.review day one using the following text2.run the activity:“hearing without ears”The following list will give you the most important items to review for your activitytoday!Without ears,most reptiles,amphibians and fish must rely on other parts of the body to sense sounds.Most reptiles,amphibians and fish can detect sound waves when they come into contact with their bodies.Each sound wave has its own special characteristic that allows organisms to hear different kinds of sounds.HEARING WITHOUT EARSThe child will demonstrate how some animals"hear"sound. materials:Balloon and rubber bandSoup or juice can with ends removed1/4-inch square of smooth aluminum foil or a tiny mirrorGlue stick or rubber cementFlashlight with narrow beam(laser pointers work great!)Radio or tape playerActivity:Cut off the neck of the balloon and stretch the balloon tightly over one end of the can.Secure the balloon to the can with a rubber band.Glue the foil or mirror slightly off center,being careful not to get glue on the shiny side.Hold the open end of the can next to the speaker of the sound speaker.Turn on some music,and have your child point the flashlight at the mirror so that the light reflects onto a wall.As the music plays,ask the child to notice what happens to the reflected light?To make the reflected light“dance”,you may need to increase the volume of the music or alter the type of music.Explanation:Snakes and several other kinds of amphibians do not have ears.These animals"feel"sound by sensing the vibrations through their skin.Some fish can do this as well!The instrument you create in this activity may take a little time to fine tune,but once you get it to work your child will never forget that sound causes vibrations!If you have access to a cheap laser pointer,this works the best!。

【精品】1128新作在线翻译OVA第二话初回特典

【精品】1128新作在线翻译OVA第二话初回特典

【关键字】精品【11/28新作在線翻譯】キレパパOVA第二話※初回特典※鹰司千寻:不要闹了,千里!二条翔:听好!大家快点起床了!!!鹰司千寻:臭老太婆,你干什么啊!不是说过不要每次叫人起床就把人从双层床上拉下来的嘛!早知道这样的话,我就不硬从千里那里抢这个床位了!真是的!!鹰司千里:对了,翔!啊,不对!妈妈!一般有人会用煎锅打人的嘛!二条翔:你们两个,这些话是对美貌过人的母亲大人我一开口就说的台词吗?难得的休息日,好不容易代替亲爱的来叫你们起床的!竟然要承受这种言语攻击!呜呜呜~鹰司千寻:到底谁言语攻击啦!你还光明正大地使用暴力呢!鹰司千里:(虽然不想相信,不,是不想承认,那个暴力女是我们的妈妈--翔。

虽然外表美丽动人,还是演员,但内心绝对是男人!然后,那个争强好胜的和我一模一样的是我的双胞胎哥哥--千寻。

就仗着比我早几秒出生,就把我当跑腿的讨厌家伙。

不过,被抢去双层床的上铺我也是无所谓的。

)鹰司里树:怎么了?妈妈。

早上就要开始发声练习?鹰司千里:里树!鹰司里树:听好了,千里!不是一直说不要直接叫我名字的嘛!叫我“爸爸”!鹰司千里:是的,爸爸!(里树,这个可爱的人就是我的爸爸。

不能接受!为什么这么内心纯洁的人会和那个黑心眼的翔在一起啊!有时候甚至想索性杀了妈妈,然后和我结婚,给他幸福呢!)二条翔:里树!儿子们很过分啊!我亲他们的脸颊想叫醒他们的,突然就说很脏什么的冲我发火,啊!可爱,可爱!鹰司千里:(看吧!多阴险!)鹰司千寻:啊,好阴险!鹰司里树:你们两个,再这样欺负妈妈的话,我可饶不了你们哦!鷹司千里/鹰司千寻:怎么这样!鹰司千里:再说翔,你的嘴唇是我一个人的~二条翔:啊,里树,这是诱惑!你都说了这么可爱的话了,那么即使在儿子们的面前,我也不可能拒绝得了的呢!鹰司里树:嗯~翔~鷹司千里/鹰司千寻:不要这样!鹰司千岁:给我适可而止点吧,妈妈!都这把年纪了,真是太难看了!二条翔:千岁。

鹰司千鸟:对了,你难得说要给爸爸做早餐,我才把厨房让给了你,可你在这种地方在磨蹭什么啊!二条翔:哼!连千鸟都对我有意见!?鹰司千里:姐姐。

法语综合教程1学生用书课后习题参考答案(7-16课)

法语综合教程1学生用书课后习题参考答案(7-16课)

Leçon 7Conversation sur InternetDialogueC ompréhension du texteI. Vrai ou faux(对或错)?1. Faux.2. Vrai.3.Faux.4.Faux.5.Vrai.II. Relisez le dialogue et répondez(读课文回答问题):1.Non, c’est la première fois qu’elle entre dans un salon de Chat sur Internet.2.Il est Français.3.Parce qu’il adore le kung-fu chinois.4.Il habite à Paris.5.Joëlle aime le parfum français.TexteC ompréhension du texteI. Relisez le texte et répondez(读课文回答问题):1.Joëlle est en première année à l’université.2.Elle apprend le français.3.Elle est grande.4.Elle est mince.5.Elle rencontre un Français sur Internet.II.Liez selon le texte et faites des phrases(根据课文内容连线并造句): connaître —la ville de Hangzhou Je connais la ville de Hangzhou.avoir —les yeux noirs Joëlle a les yeux noirs.être —drôle et amusant Est-ce qu’il est drôle et amusant?rencontrer —quelqu’un sur Internet Il rencontre quelqu’un sur Internet.parler —français Je parle un peu français.apprendre —le français Il apprend le français à l’université. III. Faites des phrases selon le modèle(请按照范例造句):1.– V oilà une photo. 7. – V oilà un portable.– Regarde la photo. – Regarde le portable.2.– V oilà un ordinateur. 8. – V oilà des lunettes.–Regarde l’ordinateur.– Regarde les lunettes.3.– V oilà une montre. 9. – V oilà une classe.– Regarde la montre. – Regarde la classe. 4.– V oilà un homme. 10. – V oilà un salon.– Regarde l’homme. – Regarde le salon. 5.– V oilà une femme. 11. – V oilà une chambre.– Regarde la femme. – Regarde la chambre.6.– V oilà un monsieur. 12. – V oilà un fauteuil.– Regarde le monsieur. – Regarde le fauteuil.GrammaireE xercices de grammaireI. Mettez le nom au féminin(将名词变为阴性):1. une Chinoise 6. une amie2. une Française 7. une journaliste3. une étudiante 8. une employée4. une femme 9. une ministre5. une dame 10. une danseuseII. Même exercice(同上练习):1. une musicienne 6. une mère2. une Parisienne 7. une cousine3. une étrangère 8. une sportive4. une directrice 9. une touriste5.une actrice 10.une comédienneIII. Mettez le nom au pluriel(将名词变为复数):1. des livres 6. des ordinateurs2. des fauteuils 7. des rues3. des hommes 8. des chaises4. des femmes 9. des montres5. des amis 10. des chambresIV. Même exercice(同上练习):1. des bateaux 6. des gaz2. des animaux 7. des voix3. des hôpitaux 8. des pays4. des choux 9. des noyaux5. des bijoux 10. des journauxExcercicesE xercices de vocabulaireI. Conjuguez les verbes (动词变位):aimer1. aimons2. aime3. aiment4. aimez5. aime6. aiment7. aiment8. aimes9. (J’)aime 10. aiment connaître1. connaissons2. connaissent3. Connaissez4. connais5. connaissez6. connaître7. connais8. connais9. Connaissent 10. connaissent venir 1. viens 2. vient 3. viennent 4. venez 5. viennent, viennent 6. viens 7. venons 8. viens 9. vient 10. venez faire 1. fais 2. font 3. fait 4. faites, faisons 5. fait 6. faites 7. fait 8. font 9. faire 10. faites, faisonsE xercices de structureI. Posez des questions selon la partie soulignée (对划线部分提问): 1. Qu’est -ce que vous faites dans la vie ? 2. Où habite Monsieur Lavigne ? / Dans quelle ville habite Monsieur Lavigne ? 3. Comment est Joëlle ?4. A quelle heure vient le professeur ?5. Pourquoi est-ce qu’elle est pressée ?6. Qu’est -ce qu’il aime ?7. Qui est-ce ?8. Où vont les étudiants à sept heures et demie ?9. Qui cherche Philippe ?10. Pourquoi est-ce qu’il ne vient pas aujourd’hui ?II. Substituez selon le modèle (根据范例做替换练习): 1. des étudiants travailleurs 2. un homme pressé3. une longue conversation4. des manteaux noirs5. une dame douce6.des étudiants prêts7.une trousse brune8.des lunettes noires9.une employée amusanteIII. Faites des phrases d’après le modèle(根据范例造句):1.Ce sont des étudiants travailleurs.2.Je rencontre des femmes pressées.3.Marc et Philippe font une longue conversation.4.Elle a trois manteaux noirs.5.C’est une dame gaie et douce.6.Les étudiants ne sont pas encore prêts. trousse brune est petite.8.Philippe a des lunettes noires.9.Nous rencontrons une employée amusante.E xercices audio-orauxI. Écoutez et remplissez les blancs(听录音并填空) :je m’appelle, Française, Chinoise, viens de, tu fais, apprends, j’aime bien, difficile, pour II. Choisissez la bonne réponse(选择正确的答案):1. c2. b3. d4. b5. cE xercices de traductionI. Traduisez les mots et locutions(翻译词组):三个朋友四个问题十名大学生八位女士两个法国人trois amis quatre questions dix étudiants huit dames deux Français 五件大衣七本书一位小姐六位先生九个小时cinq manteaux sept livres une demoiselle six messieurs neuf heures II. Rendez les phrases en français(翻译句子):-你好。

马克思英文介绍ppt课件.ppt

马克思英文介绍ppt课件.ppt

• At the more conservative University of Berlin, Karl Marx’s studies improved dramatically. It was at the Berlin University that he was introduced to the philosophical writings of G. W. F. Hegel by Bruno Bauer, a outspoken atheist and political radical. Marx later becoming involved with a group of radical thinkers the Young Hegelians.
在整堂课的教学中,刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习, 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度,由 浅入深 ,所提 出的问 题也很 明确
UNIVERSITY OF BONN AND UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN
Like his father Karl Marx pursued the study of law. Marx enrolled at the University of Bonn. While at Bonn, Marx’s studies were diluted by his frolicking and irresponsible lifestyle. Marx accrued a great deal of debt and was injured in a duel. Heinrich Marx paid off his sons debts and insisted on his enrollment at Berlin University.

《从零开始异世界》小说第11卷发售 新魔女加入战斗

《从零开始异世界》小说第11卷发售 新魔女加入战斗

《从零开始异世界》小说第11卷发售 新魔女加入战斗《从零开始的异世界生活》轻小说第11卷已于近日发售。

在本卷里,愤怒魔女密涅瓦、傲慢魔女堤丰和暴食魔女达芙妮将正式登场,她们的实力更是恐怖到惊人……
《从零开始的异世界生活》原作轻小说第11卷封面
暂时解决掉眼前的危机后,菜月昴将与新出现的三位魔女交战。

其中,“愤怒魔女”密涅瓦有着傲娇的性格和金发巨乳的外表,能够发挥出兼具毁灭和治愈的双重能力;外形为灰发萝莉的“暴食魔女”达芙妮全身被拘束器限制住,而她正是三大魔兽的创造者;“傲慢魔女”堤丰看似是普通的褐色皮肤萝莉,但她破坏力惊人,会摧毁一切自认为是“邪恶”的东西。

抱着彻底斩断一切的觉悟,菜月昴进入了新的试炼之中。

他的身体和内心遭遇到更为惨烈的苦痛,同时还回忆起当时猎肠者艾露莎杀死他的一幕。

与强敌再次战斗令昴不寒而栗,在严峻的情势下,他终于做出了某些行动……
《从零开始的异世界生活》小说第11卷彩页及内部插图:
《从零开始的异世界生活》是轻小说作者长月达平的作品,讲述了在异世界陷入迷茫的普通高中生菜月昴与银发的美少女邂逅的故事。

本想助她一臂之力的昴,却一次次地遭遇敌袭,背叛、暴力,甚至是死亡。

为了守护最重要的人们,昴必须抗争到底——“即使你忘却了我,我也不会遗忘你”……
本文作者:大角虫漫画。

《第十一回》主要剧情内容是什么简介

《第十一回》主要剧情内容是什么简介

《第十一回》主要剧情内容是什么简介(最新版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。

文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文,如诗歌散文、原文赏析、读书笔记、经典名著、古典文学、网络文学、经典语录、童话故事、心得体会、其他范文等等,想了解不同范文格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic sample essays, such as poetry and prose, original text appreciation, reading notes, classic works, classical literature, online literature, classic quotations, fairy tales, experience, other sample essays, etc. if you want to know the difference Please pay attention to the format and writing of the sample essay!《第十一回》主要剧情内容是什么简介【导语】:第十一回是一部正在上映的电影,关于这部电影的主要剧情内容是什么呢?来了解一下吧。

远溪neleta番外之生活

远溪neleta番外之生活

远溪neleta番外之生活
远溪neleta是一个美丽宁静的小镇,被山峦环绕,溪水潺潺,是一个让人心旷神怡的地方。

在这里,人们过着简单而幸福的生活,与大自然和谐相处。

清晨,当第一缕阳光洒在远溪neleta的山峦上,小镇开始了新的一天。

居民们早早起床,走出家门,开始他们的日常生活。

有的人去田间劳作,有的人去溪边垂钓,还有的人在家中忙碌着准备一天的饭食。

无论做什么,他们都心怀感恩,享受着这份宁静和平的生活。

白天,远溪neleta的小镇上热闹非凡。

居民们会聚在一起,互相交流,分享彼此的生活点滴。

孩子们在田野里奔跑嬉戏,老人们坐在家门口晒着太阳,享受着悠闲的时光。

这里没有繁忙的都市生活,只有慢节奏的乡村生活,让人们感到心灵宁静。

傍晚,当夕阳西下,远溪neleta的小镇渐渐安静了下来。

居民们回到自己的家中,围坐在一起,享受家庭团聚的温馨时刻。

他们一边吃着晚饭,一边聊着家常,分享着彼此的快乐和忧愁。

在这里,家庭是最重要的,人们珍惜着家庭的温暖和幸福。

夜晚,当星星点点挂在天空中,远溪neleta的小镇宁静而安详。

居民们在安静的夜晚里入睡,梦中享受着宁静和平的美好。

这里没有城市的喧嚣和繁忙,只有宁静和祥和,让人们感到放松和舒心。

远溪neleta番外之生活,就是这样简单而幸福。

在这里,人们与大自然和谐相处,享受着宁静和平的生活。

这里没有烦恼和纷扰,只有简单而美好的生活。

远溪neleta,是一个让人心旷神怡的地方,是一个值得向往和珍惜的美丽小镇。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

Section 2 Hypophysis(垂体)
1. Modality and structure
Neurohypophysis
(神经垂体)
Hypophysis
漏斗部 正中隆起 神经部 Posterior
Hypophysis
(垂体)
Adenohypophysis
(腺垂体)
中间部 结节部 前部
(垂体后叶)
激素)
development; stimulates estrogen secretion
(刺激卵泡成熟)
①Vasopressin, VP(血管加压素/加压素) / Antidiuretic hormone, ADH (抗利尿激素)
Function: accelerate the contraction of the smooth muscle in arteriole, and increase the blood pressure; so it known as vasopressin (VP). (促进小A的平滑肌收缩,升高血压;所以叫血管加 压素) Increase the permeability of the distal and collecting tubules of kidney to water , and decrease the urine volume, so it also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). (促进水在肾集合管的重吸收,又叫抗利尿激素)
Chapter 11 Endocrine-regulation of Hormone (内分泌-激素调节)
Section 1 Introduction to endocrine
1.Endocrine(内分泌) and hormone(激素) Hormone: A long-distance chemical mediator that is secreted by an endocrine gland into the blood, which transports it to its target cell (激素:内分泌细胞分泌的生物活性物质)
②Thyroid-stimulation hormone, TSH (促甲状腺素) Chemical nature : glycoprotein (糖蛋白) Function: stimulate synthesis and secretion
of thyroxine.
(促进甲状腺合成与分泌甲状腺素)
ADH
OXT
neuroscretion 神经分泌
neurohormone 神经激素
(3)The hormones secreted by adenohypophysis (腺垂体释放的激素)
①Adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH (促肾上腺皮质激素) Chemical nature : peptide (肽) Function: stimulate synthesis of hypercorticalism and secretion of hormone. (促进肾上腺皮质合成与分泌激素)
②Oxytocin, OT(催产素) Function: 1. Increase contractility of pregnancy uterus. (促进妊娠子宫收缩) 2. Cause milk ejection and avoid atrophy of mammary gland lactation. (引起射乳并维持哺乳期乳腺不萎缩)
4.The endocrine system of vertebrate (脊椎动物的内分泌系统) hypothalamus (下丘脑), pineal body(松果体), pituitary gland (垂体), thymus (胸腺), thyroid gland (甲状腺), parathyroid glands (甲状旁腺), adrenal glands (肾上腺), ovaries (卵巢), testicles (睾丸), stomach (胃), pancreas (胰)and duodenum (12指肠).
Anterior Hypophysis
(垂体前叶)
Paraventricular nucleus
2. Hormones Secreted by Hypophysis and Their
Function(垂体释放的激素和功能)
(1)Hormones secreted by
neurohypophysis (神经垂体释放的激素)
(2)The synthesize of the hormones that are secreted by neurohypophysis (神经垂体释放激素的合成 )
hypothalamus
supraoptic nucleus , paraventricular nucleus 下丘脑视上核、 室旁核
2.The normal character of the hormone action (激素作用的一般特征)
3. Mechanisms of hormonal action (激素作用的机制)
(1) Mechanisms of nitrogenous hormonal action
(含氮激素的作用机制) Second messenger theory(第二信使学说) (2) Mechanisms of steroid hormonal action (类固醇激素的作用机制) Gene expression theory (基因表达学说)
③Follicle-Stimulation Hormone, FSH (卵泡刺激素)
Gonadstimulation: glycoprotein (糖蛋白) function: F :promotes follicular growth and
(促性腺
相关文档
最新文档