高中英语-过去完成时及其被动语态(共25张)-经典通用课件资料

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过去完成时被动语态的常用情况：
• (1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by, before等引导的时间状语连用。 • (2)在 told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动
作时，用过去完成时。 • (3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。
(live) in Beijing for 8 years.
• 4、He said that he
(learn) some English before.
had sent
had lived
had learned
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• 5、I arrived late, I
(not expehcat)dtnh'et reoxapdetcotebedso icy.
had been told
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• 1、When Li Ming hurried home,he found that his mother ____already____(send) to hospital.
• 2、I thought the letter ________(send) by him a week before.
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• 1、医生到时病人已死了。 • When the doctor arrived the patient had died. • 2、我醒了，因为我做了个噩梦。 • I woke up because I had had a bad dream. • 3、我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。 • When we got there the basketball match had already started. • 4、据媒体报道，有上千人在地震中丧生。 • The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake.
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标志词 • by then（截至到那时） • by the end of+过去的时间点 • by +过去的时间点, • before+过去的时间点 • already, just, ever, never, yet • when , as soon as, till/until • hardly…when…, no sooner…than…,
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被动语态结构
• (1)肯定结构：主语+ had been done +其他成分 • (2)否定结构：主语+ had not been done +其他成分 • (3)疑问句结构：had +主语+ been done +其他成分; • 疑问词+ had +主语+ been done +其他成分
• 9、He said that he ________ (see) you.
hadn't been
had built
had seen
had finished
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• 1、When she got home, her children _______ (sleep). • 2、Before they arrived here, the film ____ (star) already. • 3、When I came in, he _______ (finish) his homework. • 4、What ____ Jane ____ (do) by the time he was seven? • 5、He asked me where I _____ (be) during the summer holidays. • 6、 I _____ (learn) 900 English words by the time I was ten. • 7、By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ (cook) the dinner already. • 8、She _______ (write) a number of books by the end of last year.
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• 1、By the time he got to the school, the first period _______________(finish). • 2、How many buildings __________ (destroy) when the hurricane ended?
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• The task had been finished before 12:00 yesterday. • The task hadn't been finished before 12:00 yesterday. • Had the task been finished before 12:00 yesterday? • What time had the task been finished yesterday?
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总练习 • 1、When I got to school, the bell ______(ring). • 2、She found the key that she ______(lose). • 3、I returned the book that I ______(borrow). • 4、The classroom _________ (clean) by students when the visitors arrived. • 5、The house_______ (paint) by us before we moved in. • 7、Tom said the book_______ (read) by him twice • 8、When I arrived at the station, he ______(leave).
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• 主语+had+动词过去分词 • ①肯定句:主语+had+动词过去分词+其他. • ②否定句:主语+had+not+动词过去分词+其他. • ③疑问句:Had+主语+动词过去分词+其他? • 肯定回答:Yes,主语+had. • 否定回答:No,主语+hadn't. • ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+had+主语+过去分词+其他?
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• The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came. • The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. • As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet.
•
析：该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。
• Eg：He said this book had been translated into Japanese. • 他说这本书已被译成日语。 • 析：该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。
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• Eg：I have learned 1000 English words so far. • 到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。（现在的时间） • Eg：I had learned 1000 English words till then. • 到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。（过去的时间）
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• 二、表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直持续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去 的动作。
• 三、叙述过去发生的事，在已叙述了发生的事后，反过来追述，补述更早发生的事。
• 四、表示过去未曾实现的愿望，打算，意图。
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结构
• had（用于各种人称和数）+过去分词 • 1、When I came to Shanghai, he had been there for a long time. • 2、I didn't know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. • 3、I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
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• The bus had already left by the time I got there. • The bus had not already left by the time I got there. • Had the bus already left by the time I got there? • what time had the bus already left?
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exerrcise
• 1、He said he • 2、I thought I
(work)inhtahdatwfoacrktoerdy since 1949. (send)the letter a week before.
• 3、By the end of last month, I
• 6、She said that she
(not be) to the Great Wall yet.
• 7、By the end of last year, they
(build) many new houses.
• 8、By yesterday evening, she
(finish) reading the book.
• 3、He did what he ______h_ad__b_e_en_ f(itneislhl)etdo. • 4、By the end of 1976, many buildings _________(build) in the city.
had been destroyed
had been built
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与现在完成时的区别
• 现在完成时被动语态表示相对于现在来说已被完成的动作。 • 过去完成时被动语态表示相对于过去某一时刻来说已被完成的动作。
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• Eg：This polluted river has been cleaned.
• 这条被污染了的河流已被净化。
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与一般过去时的区别
• 时间状语不同:过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去” • 而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。 • 比较:They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. • They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
• 3、By the end of last year, many new houses________ (build) by them.
• 4、By yesterday evening, the book__________
(finish) reading by her.
• 5、By the time my parents reached home yesterday, the dinner ________(cook) already.
过去完成时
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过去的过去
• 一、表示在过去某一时间或以前已经完成了的动作或状态。 • 当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前，常用此时态。 • By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
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