专业八级分类模拟411

专业八级分类模拟411
（总分：160.10 ，做题时间：90 分钟）
一、PART Ⅰ READING COMPREHENSIO（总N 题数：1，分数：100.00）
Section A
In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the
one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
Passage One
Driving along South Street, where the Los Angeles sprawl meets sprawling Orange County, you enter and leave Cerritos three times. Although the city is confusingly shaped, it is easy to tell where it begins. Overhead power cables abruptly disappear and run underground. The grass, watered by innumerable sprinklers, is a brighter shade of green. Indeed, a blind man could tell where the boundary lies. Crossing into Artesia there is a bump, followed by a series of clumsily patched potholes; a few hundred yards later you re-enter Cerritos and the road is smooth again.
Cerritos cannot boast a glorious history, old money or natural beauty. Fifty years ago it was a flat area of farmland known as Dairy Valley. These days, "it"s a terribly unremarkable place on the way to Disneyland," says Tom Irish, a property developer. Yet this small suburban city of some 55,000 people has become remarkable thanks to superb management and geographical good fortune. It reveals much about why America"s suburbs are so appealing, and how they are changing. Like an increasing number of suburbs, Cerritos is both a bedroom community and an economic engine. It began to prosper in the early 1970s when it encouraged car dealers to cluster near the motorway that clips its western edge. Fully 27 outfits now trade there, making it the largest such centre
in a car-obsessed state. Cerritos also has a shopping mall and a "town center", otherwise known as an office park. As a result, it has far more jobs than working residents. Last year the city collected $ 483 in sales taxes per person —more than the glitzy city of Santa Monica. And it has
leased, not sold, its land, so a future stream of money is guaranteed.
What goes on inside the offices seems less important to locals than what they look like. The city has municipal codes to rival those of notoriously staid Irvine, a planned city in Orange County: don"t even think about installing a rotating, blinking or oscillating sign. Sculptures adorn car dealers" forecourts. Cerritos"s busy library is covered with titanium; its Wal-Mart is clad in granite. It has an opulent performing arts centre that will host some 140 impeccably populist acts this year.
Building work is underway on the local jail, known for good reason as the "sheriff"s hotel".
Although Cerritos has a contract with Los Angeles"s county sheriff for its policing, it pays for the building and the officers. They have some of the easiest jobs in California. So far this year 53 serious assaults have been recorded, a bit less than one per cop. The city is so peaceful, says Daryl Evans, the police captain, that gang members from nearby cities occasionally meet there to play basketball, knowing they will not be attacked by rivals.
Of course, many American cities have built parks, performing-arts centres and fancy libraries while struggling financially. The key to Cerritos"s success may be the timing of its investments. Cities such as Cleveland and Baltimore poured money into museums and other grand projects in the
vain hope that they would lure businesses and young, creative folk. Cerritos began by building pipelines and roads, then moved on to business parks, policing and schools （including California"s best high school）. Only when it was rolling in money did it break out the titanium.
Local officials attribute the city"s success to fiscal discipline and the ability to follow a long-term plan. That, in turn, is the result of its political culture. Cerritos has a tradition of powerful, long-serving city managers, to whom local politicians frequently defer. As Laura
Lee, the mayor, explains, "There are many things we, as elected officials, do not understand." Voters, it seems, like this arrangement greatly. In a 2002 poll, an astonishing 96% of residents said they were satisfied with the provision of public services.
Such single-mindedness is particularly striking given the city"s diversity. In 1980 whites comprised more than half of
the population. These days Asians do. Striving immigrants are cause and consequence of the city"s excellent schools, in Cerritos High School, pupils who speak inadequate English score better in mathematics tests than those who speak English fluently. Yet the newcomers have not formed ghettos. The last census showed that whites and Asians were more intermixed in Cerritos than in all but 16 other American cities. Whites were even more mixed-up with blacks and Hispanics.
These days Cerritos faces strong competition. Its car mall has inspired imitators; as a result, the value of sales has flattened while the number of vehicles sold seems to be falling. As the city ages, public services will come under increasing strain. Drastic decline is unlikely, but the city may be overtaken —though it is almost certain that the places doing the overtaking will
be bland, car-oriented and suburban.
（此文选自The
Economist）
Passage Two
In 1751, Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus came up with the novel idea of using flowers as clocks. Morning glories open their trumpet-like petals around 10 a. m. , water lilies at 11 and so on through evening primroses and moonflowers. A full array of these blossoms, planted in a circle, could indicate the time. It was a whimsical notion. But some 250 years later, scientists are seriously interested in the timekeeping mechanisms of nature. "They"re so ubiquitous, they"re almost a signature of life," says molecular neuroscientist Russell Foster of Imperil College, London.
From cockroaches to humans, Foster explores these internal clocks in a fascinating new book, Rhythm of Life, co-authored with British science writer Leon Kreitzman. The author show how the daily patterns known as circadian rhythms influence far more than our sleep. Heart attacks are more common in the morning. Women tend to go to labor in the evening. Severe asthma prevail at night.
Although we may jet across time zones, circadian rhythms rule. The book traces the century-long quest to unravel their mechanisms, with some starting outcomes —including the recent discovery that certain genes switch on and off in 24 hour cycles. Even our responses to medicines may depend on when we take them.
Nature has devised internal clocks for a simple reason: they aid survival. "The early bird really does get the work,"
—thanks to a silent wake-up call before dawn. A mimosa plant spreads its
fernlike leaves during the day to create the maximums urface area for photosynthesis, then folds them up at night to reduce water-vapor loss. It"s not a mere response to light. "They do this even when kept in the dark," says biologist Eugene Maurakis of the Science Museum of Virginia.
In humans, the master clock is a tiny clump of cells in the brain called the suprachiasmatic nuclei. The clocks is reset daily by signals from a novel type of photoreceptor in the eye that Foster discovered. "The blind rely on it, too, provided their eyes haven"t been removed," he says. The result is an orchestrated series of biological events that unfolds in sequence. In the hours before breakfast, the body releases digestive enzymes gradually to be ready for the first meal.
Temperature and blood pressure rise in preparation for the day"s demands. This helps explain the morning increase in the heart attacks. Cells reproduce at set times. Hormones rise and fall —many of them according to a predetermined schedule.
The implications for medicine are profound. By timing treatments to complement daily changes in biochemistry, the authors argues, we can boost efficacy and reduce side effects. In one seminal trial, medical oncologist William Hrushesky of the Dorn V. A. Medical Center in Columbia, S. C. , found that by simply reversing the times when he administered two chemotherapeutic drugs, he could extend survival in women with advanced ovarian cancer from 11 percent at five years to 44
Chronobiology International, more than a dozen ailments can currently benefit from carefully timed treatments. In one recent study, he notes, something as simple as low-dose aspirin at bedtime reduced the rate of preterm deliver in pregnant women at risk for hypertension from 14 percent to zero. Aspirin in the morning had little effect. Surprised? Not to Foster and Kreitzman. As they show, timing is everything.
（此文选自The Urban
Gardener）
Passage Three
Most men live in harness. Richard was one of them. Typically he had no awareness of how his male harness was choking him until his personal and professional life and his body had nearly fallen apart. He had to get sick in his harness and nearly be destroyed by role-playing masculinity before he could allow himself to be a person with his own feelings, rather than just a hollow male image. Had it not been for a bleeding ulcer he might have postponed looking at himself for many years more.
Like many men, Richard had been a zombie, a daytime sleep-walker. Worse still, he had been a highly "successful" zombie, which made it so difficult for him to risk change. Our culture is saturated
with successful male zombies, businessmen zombies, golf zombies, sports car zombies, playboy zombies, etc. They have lost touch with, or are running away from, their feelings and awareness of themselves as people. They have confused their social masks for their essence and they are destroying themselves while fulfilling the traditional definitions of masculine-appropriate behavior. They are the heroes, the providers, the warriors, the empire builders, the fearless ones. Their reality is always approached through these veils of gender expectations.
Men evaluate each other and are evaluated by many women largely by the degree to which they approximate the ideal masculine model. Womenh ave rightfully lashed out against being placed into
a mold. Many women have described their roles in marriage as a form of socially approved prostitution. They assert that they are selling themselves out for an unfulfilling portion of supposed security. For psychologically defensive reasons the male has not yet come to see himself as a prostitute, day in and day out, both in and out of the marriage relationship.
The male"s inherent survival instincts have been stunted by the seemingly more powerful drive to maintain his masculine image. He would, for example, rather die in the battle than risk living in a different way and being called a "coward" or "not a man" As a recently published study concluded, "A surprising number of men approaching senior citizenship say they would rather die than be buried in retirement."
The male in our culture is at a growth impasse. He won"t move —not because he is protecting his cherished central place in the sun, but because he can"t move. He is a cardboard Goliath precariously balanced and on the verge of toppling over if he is pushed ever so slightly out of his well-worn path. He lacks the fluidity of the female who can readily move between the traditional definitions of male or female behavior and roles. She can be wife and mother or a business executive. She can dress in typically feminine fashion or adopt the male styles. She will be loved for having "feminine" interests such as needlework or cooking, or she will be admired for sharing with the male in his "masculine" interests. She can be sexually assertive or sexually passive. Meanwhile, the male is rigidly caught in his masculine pose and, in many subtle and indirect ways, he is severely punished when he steps out of it. Unlike some of the problems of women, the problems of men are not readily changed through legislation. The male has no apparent and clearly defined targets against which he can vent his rage. Yet he is oppressed by the cultural pressures that have denied him his feelings, by the mythology of the woman and the distorted and self-destructive way he sees and relates to her, and by the urgency for him to "act like a man" which blocks his ability to respond to his inner promptings both emotionally and physiologically, and by a generalized self-hate that causes him to feel comfortable only when he is functioning well in harness.
Precisely because the tenor and mood of the male liberation efforts so far have been one of self-accusation, self-hate, and a repetition of feminist assertions, I believe it is doomed to failure in its present form. It is buying the myth that the male is culturally favored — a notion that is clung to despite the fact that every critical statistic in the areas of longevity, disease, suicide, crime, accidents, childhood emotional disorders, alcoholism, and drug addiction shows a disproportionately higher male rate.
The most remarkable and significant aspect of the feminist movement to date has been woman"s daring willingness to own up to her resistances and resentment toward her time-honored, sanctified roles of wife and even mother. The male, however, has yet to fully realize, acknowledge, and rebel against the distress and stifling aspects of many of the roles he plays —from good husband, to good daddy, to good provider, to good lover, etc. Because of
the inner pressure to constantly affirm his dominance and masculinity, he continues to act as if he can stand up under, fulfill, and even enjoy all the expectations placed on him no matter how contradictory and devitalizing they are. It"s time to remove the disguises of privilege and reveal the male condition for what it really is.
（此文选自The Hazards of Being Male）
Passage Four
Working a typewriter by touch, like riding a bicycle or strolling on a path, is best done by not giving it a glancing thought. Once you do, your fingers fumble and hit the wrong keys. To do things involving practiced skills, you need to turn loose the systems of muscles and nerves responsible for each maneuver, place them on their own, and stay out of it. There is no real loss of authority in this, since you get to decide whether to do the thing or not, and you can intervene and embellish the technique any time you like; if you want to ride a bicycle backward, or walk with an eccentric loping gait giving a little skip every fourth step, whistling at the same time, you can do that.
But if you concentrate your attention on the details, keeping in touch with each muscle, thrusting yourself into a free fall with each step and catching yourself at the last moment by sticking out the other foot in time to break the fall, you will end up immobilized, vibrating with fatigue. It is a blessing to have options for choice and change in the learning of such unconsciously coordinated acts. If we were born with all these knacks inbuilt, automated like ants, we would surely miss the variety. It would be a less interesting world if we all walked and skipped alike, and never fell from bicycles. If we were all genetically programmed to play the piano deftly from birth, we might never learn to understand music.
The rules are different for the complicated, coordinated, fantastically skilled manipulations we perform with our insides. We do not have to learn anything. Our smooth-muscle cells are born with complete instructions, in need of no help from us, and they work away on their own schedules, modulating the lumen of blood vessels, moving things through intestines. Secretary cells elaborate their products in privacy; the heart contracts and relaxes; cells communicate with each other by simply touching; all this goes on continually, without ever a personal word from us. The arrangement is that of an ecosystem, with the operation of each part being governed by the state
and function of all the other parts. When things are going well, as they generally are, it is an infallible mechanism.
But now the autonomy of this interior domain, long regarded as inviolate, is open to question.
The experimental psychologists have recently found that visceral organs can be taught to do various things, as easily as a boy learns to ride a bicycle, by the instrumental techniques of operant conditioning. If a thing is done in the way the teacher wants, at a signal, and a suitable reward given immediately to reinforce the action, it becomes learned. Rats, rewarded by stimulation of their cerebral "pleasure centers", have been instructed to speed up or slow down their hearts at a signal, or to alter their blood pressures, or switch off certain waves in their electroencephalograms and switch on others.
The same technology has been applied to human beings, with other kinds of rewards, and the results have been startling. It is claimed that you can teach your kidneys to change the rate of urine formation, raise or lower your blood pressure, change your heart rate, write different brain waves, at will.
There is already talk of a breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of human disease. According to proponents, when the technology is perfected and extended it will surely lead to new possibilities for therapy. If a rat can be trained to dilate the blood vessels of one of his ears more than those of the other, as has been reported, what rich experiences in self-control and self-operation may lie just ahead for man?T here are already cryptic advertisements in the personal columns of literary magazines, urging the purchase of electronic headsets for the training and regulation of one"s own brain waves, according to one"s taste.
You can have it. Not to downgrade it. It is extremely important, I know, and one ought to feel elated by the prospect of taking personal charge, calling the shots, running one"s cells around like toy trains. Now that we know that viscera can be taught, the thought comes naturally that we"ve been neglecting them all these years, and by judicious application of human intelligence, these primitive structures can be trained to whatever standards of behavior we wish to set for them.
( 此文选自The Human Interface: New Directions for Designing Interactive Systems)
(分数：100.10 )
(1) ____________________________________________________________ .The word "sprawl" in the first
paragraph indicates that __________________________________________ . (Passage One)(分数： 4.55 )
A. the landscape of Orange County is of little variety
B. Orange County is located in a plain of a considerable size
C. parts of Orange County extend
untidily in different directions √
D. Orange County is located in a mountainous area 解析：[解析] 语义题。

第一段中“ sprawl ”一词出现了两次，在“ the Los Angeles sprawl ”中用作名词，在“ sprawling Orange County ”中用作动词，根据谓语动词“ meet”可知，“ the Los Angeles sprawl ” 和“sprawling Orange County”所指的是两个区域，而且是两个区域向外延伸的边缘地带；结合“ sprawl ” 的原意“摊开四肢随意地躺”可知，“ sprawl ”用于城市，意为“向四面八方凌乱地扩展、蔓延”，故答案为C。

(2) ______________________________________________.According to the fifth paragraph, we can infer that .
(Passage One) (分数： 4.55 )
A. the total number of cops in Cerritos is no less than 53
B. gang members of nearby cities enjoy immunity in Cerritos
C. the crime rates in Cerritos are relatively low
D. Los
Angeles country sheriff is responsible for the expense of policing Cerritos √
解析：[ 解析] 推断题。

第五段第二句提到“ Although Cerritos has a contract with Los Angeles"s county sheriff for its policing, it pays for the building and the officers ”，尽管与洛杉矶县警签有维持治安的协议，喜瑞都还是负责警方的建设经费和警员的开销，故答案为D。

接着该段第四句提到“⋯53
serious assaults have been recorded ，a bit less than one per cop ”，记录在案的严重伤害案件共
53起，平均每个警员不到一起，可推知喜瑞都的警员总数超过53人，故排除A和C；第五句提到“ The city is so peaceful ⋯that gang members from nearby cities occ asionally meet there to play basketball, knowing they will not be attacked by rivals ”，喜瑞都如此和平，邻城的黑帮成员偶尔会聚在这儿打
打篮球，因为他们知道在这儿不会遭到敌对团伙的袭击，故排除B。

(3) .Which of the following does NOTa ccount for Cerritos"s success? (Passage One)(分数： 4.55 )
A. Proper timing of investments.
B. Advantageous location.
C. Wealth of previous generations. √
D. Superb management.
解析：[ 解析] 细节题。

第二段首句提到“ Cerritos cannot boast ⋯old money ⋯”，喜瑞都没有传统的资本可以炫耀，故答案为C。

第六段第二句提到“ The key to Cerritos"s success may be the timing of its investments ”，喜瑞都成功的关键在于投资时机的恰当选择，故排除A；第二段第四句提到“⋯thanks to superb management and geographical good fortune ”，得益于出色的市政管理和地缘优势，因此排除 B 和D。

(4) .According to the passage, what impression can we get on Cerritos? (Passage One)(分数： 4.55 )
A. The geographic boundaries of the city are of the remarkably regular shape.
B. It is a thriving commercial center rather than a residential site.
C. It is one of the most staidly planned cities in the region.
D. It boasts a lifestyle that is rich in art and recreation. √
解析：[ 解析] 推断题。

第四段末句提到“ It has an opulent performing arts centre that will host some 140 impeccably populist acts this year ”，可见，喜瑞都市的文化艺术生活十分丰富，故答案为
D。

第一段首句提到“ Driving along South Street ，⋯you enter and leave Cerritos three times ”，驾
车沿South Street 行驶将会三进三出喜瑞都市，根据该段第二句的“⋯the city is confusingly shaped” 可知，喜瑞都市的版图形状极不规则，故排除A；第三段首句提到“⋯Cerritos is both a bedroom community and an economic engine ”，故排除B；第四段第二句提到“ The city has municipal codes to rival those of notoriously staid Irvine ，a planned city in Orange County
⋯”，喜瑞都的市政规划理念与橙县
的欧文市恰恰相反，欧文市的规划以古板闻名，故排除C。

(5) .What does the word "ubiquitous" in the first paragraph suggest? (Passage Two)(分数： 4.55 )
A. All kinds of flowers can indicate the time.
B. The timekeeping mechanisms are unique to flowers.
C. Every living thing in nature has got the timekeeping mechanisms. √
D. The idea of using flowers as clocks has been widely acknowledged.
解析：[解析] 推断题。

首段倒数第一句指出，它们无处不在，几乎成为生命的信号。

这里的“它们”指代前文提到的大自然的计时功能，因此答案为C。

A在前文中出现过，但与题干无关； B 与原文意思相反，故
排除；D在原文中没有提及，故排除。

(6) .According to the book Rhythms of Life, which of the following statements is CORRECT(?P assage Two)(分
数： 4.55 )
A. It is written by a molecular neuroscientist Foster.
B. Severe asthma is not common at night.
C. Medicines always function well provided that they have little side effects.
D. Circadian rhythms influence us in various aspects. √
解析：[ 解析] 细节题。

第二段第二句中指出，作者在书中写到，每日的生活模式，也就是生理节奏，不仅仅影响睡眠。

紧接着又叙述各种病症在一天中都有高发时段。

由此可以推出，生理
节奏影响着我们生活的很多方面，故选D。

第二段第一句指出，《生命的节奏》是Foster 和另外一名科学家Leon Kretzman 一起
撰稿的，因此排除A；根据第二段第五句可知，严重的哮喘常常在晚间发作，因此排除B；根据
第二段最后
一句可知，甚至连我们对药物的反应也与服药时间有关，因此排除C。

(7) .Which of the following is INCORRECTco ncerning the mimosa plant? (Passage Two)(分数： 4.55 )
A. The mimosa plant unfolds its leaves to get light.
B. The mimosa plant folds leaves to prevent water from losing at night.
C. The mimosa plant devises internal clocks in order to survive.
D. If the mimosa plant is placed in the dark, the internal clocks don"t work very well. √
解析：[ 解析] 推断题。

根据第三段倒数第一、二句可知，这不仅仅是对光的反应。

弗吉尼亚科学博物馆的生物学家Eugene Maurakis 说：“它们在黑暗中也如此。

”可以判断 D 为错误表述，故为答案。

第三段第
三句说含羞草在白天时舒展叶子，从而使尽可能大的表面进行光合作用，而晚上为了防止水分蒸发，含羞草的叶子会卷曲。

A、B分别为这两层意思的同义表达，故排除；第三段开头提到，自然界有内部计时功能，原因很简单：内部计时功能帮助它们生存下来。

因此 C 也是原文的正确表述，故排除。

(8) __________________________________________ .It can be inferred from the first paragraph that . (Passage Three) (分数： 4.55 )
A. up to now, Richard didn"t know he had caught certain disease
B. Richard"s illness offered him a chance to think about his life √
C. but for his illness, Richard would not have stopped working
D. there was something wrong with both Richard"s mental and physical health
解析：[ 解析] 推断题。

首段末句指出，如果不是他流血的溃疡，他还会推迟好多年才会审视自己。

可见，这次生病给了他一个审视自我的机会，故答案为B。

(9) ___________________________________________________________________ .The word "zombie" in the second paragraph probably refers to a person who ____________________________ . (Passage
Three) (分数： 4.55 )
A. is busy all the time
B. behaves like a robot √
C. always acts as a leader
D. is successful in some area
解析：[ 解析] 语义题。

第二段首句指出，像许多男人一样，理查德是一个“ zombie”，一个白天梦游者。

接下来指出，社会中有各种各样的“ zombie”。

第四句指出，他们失去了或者正在远离自己作为人的情感和意识。

根据常识，如果已经失去了对情感或意识的感知，那么人与机器就没有区别了，因此可以推断出B为答案。

(10) .According to the passage, which of the following is INCORRECT?(P assage Three) (分数： 4.55 )
A. Compared with men, women are more willing to retire from work. √
B. To be a man counts for a great deal for the male.
C. Some women hate being labeled as feminine.
D. Quite a few women air negative view of marriage.
解析：[ 解析] 细节题。

第三段首句指出，男人之间互相评价以及许多女人评价男人时，主要是以他们与理想的男子汉模式的接近程度为依据。

故 B 符合原文意思，排除；该段第二句指出，女人们可以正当地对自
己被固定在某一种模式里进行抨击。

故C符合原文意思，排除；该段第三、四句指出，许多女士将自己在
婚姻中的角色定义为得到社会认可的妓女。

她们声称为了一点点所谓的安全感，她们在出卖自己。

故 D 符合原文意思，排除；文中没有提及女人对退休的态度如何，故 A 为答案。

(11) _____________________________________ .The best title for the passage would be . (Passage Three) (分数： 4.55 )
A. Different Roles of Men and Women
B. How to Solve Men"s Problems
C. In Harness: the Male Condition √
D. Survival Instincts vs. Male Images
解析：[ 解析] 主旨题。

文章首句指出“ Most men live in harness ”。

之后以Richard 为例，指出现代社会中男性的生活状况。

文中反复出现了“ in harness ”这个短语，将男人背负“男子汉”传统形象的压力、拼命工作的情景栩栩如生地表现出来，故答案为C。

A只是文章提到的部分内容，故排除； B 含义笼统，故
排除；生存本能和男性形象是文中提到的内容，但与全文大意相去甚远，故排除D。

(12) ___________________________________________ .The author considers it as a good luck for us to . (Passage Four) (分数： 4.55 )
A. be born with some chosen skills
B. live in a world of variety √
C. be able to understand music
D. be able to walk, skip and ride bicycles
解析：[ 解析] 细节题。

第二段前两句指出，在学习这种无意识的协调性动作时能够有多种选择和变化是一种幸福。

如果我们生来就有这些特殊技能，像蚂蚁一样可以自动地做些事情，我们一定会想念这些变化的。

故 B 为答案，同时排除A；第二段最后两句提到了 C 和 D 的内容，但并非作者认为幸运的主要原因，故排除。

(13) .The operation of our inside organs is different from that of muscles and nerves in that it
is (Passage Four) (分数： 4.55 )
A. primarily manipulated by blood vessels
B. in constant need of training and practicing
C. much less complicated and coordinated
D. genetically programmed to work on its own √
解析：[解析] 推断题。

第三段前两句指出，对于复杂、协调、极为熟练的内部器官的操控，规则是不同的。

我们不需要学习什么。

之后解释了人体自我调节的过程。

因此可以看出内部器官是无须操控，生来就可以自我运行的，故 D 为答案。

(14) __ .The author"s attitude towards the technique of training man"s body can best be defined as . (Passage Four) (分数： 4.55 )
A. ambiguous
B. skeptical
C. contemptuous
D. positive √ 解析：[解析] 态度题。

末段指出：你可以做到。

不要贬低它。

我知道这极为重要，人们应该为这一前景感到高兴⋯⋯既然我们知道内脏可以训练，这自然就意味着这些年我们对它们有所忽略。

再加上充满人类智慧的明智之举，这些原始结构可以通过训练做我们想让它们做的任何事情。

从文中的“ not to downgrade”“ extremely imporlant ”“ feel elated ”等都可以看出作者对训练身体内脏器官的看法是积极的，故 D 为答案。

(15) . Section B
In this section there are eight short-answer questions based on the passages in SECTIONA . Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
What is the author"s purpose of mentioning the library covered with titanium? (Passage One) (分数： 4.55 ) 正确答案：()
解析：To show local people"s concern of Cerritos"s landscape.[ 解析] 由题干关键词“ library covered with titanium ”可定位至第四段。

该段首句提到“ What goes on inside the offices seems less important to locals than what they look lik e”，当地人认为办公楼的外表比楼内发生的事情更为重要，图书馆
覆盖着钛，这说明喜瑞都人很注重市容的美观，故本题答案为To show local people"s concern of Cerritos"s landscape 。

(16) .What does "ailments" mean in the last paragraph? (Passage Two) (分数： 4.55 ) 正确答案：()
解析：Diseases.[ 解析] 由题干提示定位至最后一段。

根据上下文的逻辑关系可知，上文的
“ cancer”和下文的“hypertension ”都应该包含在“ ailments ”里，因此推测“ ailments ”的含义为“疾病”，故答案为Diseases 。

(17) .Why are men under greater pressure than women?
(Passage Three) (分数： 4.55 ) 正确答案：()
解析：Because they don"t have much freedom t0 make a choice.[ 解析] 由题干关键词“ pressure ”定
位至第五段。

该段第四句指出，男人缺少女人的变通性，女人可以在传统定义中的男人或女人的行为和角色之间转换。

该段最后一句指出，同时，男人被严格限定在男性角色中，如果他超越了范围，就会受到很多微妙的、间接的严厉惩罚。

由此可见，男人比女人压力大的原因是没有选择的自由。

故答案为Because they don"t have much freedom t0 make a choice 。

(18) .According to the author, what account(s) for the failure of male liberation efforts? (Passage Three) (分数：4.55 )。