人卫版生理学常考专业词汇(中英文对照)-上

人卫版生理学常考专业词汇（中英文对照）-上生理学physiology
内环境internal environment
稳态homeostasis
神经调节neuroregulation
体液调节humoral regulation
反射reflex
旁分泌paracrine
自身调节autoregulation
负反馈negative regualation
正反馈positive regulation
前馈feed-forward
单纯扩散simple diffusion
异化扩散facilitated diffusion
原发性主动转运rimary active transport
继发性主动转运secondary active transport
膜泡运输vesicular transport
出胞exocytosis
入胞endocytosis
吞噬phagocytosis
吞饮pinocytosis
信号转导signal transduction
静息电位resting potential
极化polarization
动作电位action potential
阈强度threshold intensity
兴奋性excitability
绝对不应期absolute refractory period
相对不应期relative refractory period
超常期supranormal period
低常期subnormal period
电紧张电位electrotonic potential
局部兴奋local excitation
终板电位endplate potential
肌节sarcomere
肌丝滑行理论myofilament sliding theory
肌球蛋白myosin
肌动蛋白actin
肌钙蛋白troponin
兴奋-收缩耦联excitation-contraction coupling 前负荷preload
后负荷afterload
血液blood
血浆plasma
造血hemopoiesis
血细胞比容hematocrit
晶体渗透压crystal osmotic pressure
血红蛋白hemoglobin
可塑变形性platic deformation
悬浮稳定性suspension stability
渗透脆性osmotic fragility
促红细胞生成素erythropoietin
血小板生成素thrombopoietin
血液凝固blood coagulation
凝血因子coagulation factor
内源性凝血途径intrinstic pathway
外源性凝血途径extrinsic pathway
血型blood group
交叉配血试验cross-match test
心动周期cardiac cycle
心音heart sound
搏出量stroke volume
射血分数ejection fraction
心输出量cardiac output
心指数cardiac index
心力储备cardiac reserve
心室功能曲线ventricular function curve 异长自身调节heterometric autoregulation 心室顺应性ventricular compliance
等长调节hemometric regulation
自律细胞autorhythmic cell
有效不应期effective refractory period
期前收缩premature excitation
代偿间歇compensatory pause
房室延搁atrioventricular delay
窦性节律sinus rhythm
抢先占领capture
超速驱动压抑overdrive suppression
血压blood pressure
微循环microcirculaltion
迂回通路circuitous channel
直捷通路thoroughfare channel
动静脉短路arterio-venous shunt
滤过filtration
重吸收reabsorption
有效滤过压effective filtration pressure
心血管中枢cardiovascular center
压力感受器baroreceptor
肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统renin-angiotension-aldosterone system 冠脉循环coronary circulation
肺循环pulmonary circulation
血-脑脊液屏障blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
血脑屏障blood-brain barrier
外呼吸external respiration
内呼吸internal respiration
腹式呼吸abdominal breathing
胸式呼吸thoracic breathing
胸膜腔pleural cavity
肺泡表面张力surface tension
肺表面活性物质plumonary surfactant
气道阻力airway resistance
肺容积pulmonary volume
肺容量pulmonary capacity
肺通气量pulmonary ventilation
生理无效腔physiological dead space 肺泡通气量alveolar ventilation
通气/血流比值ventilation/perfusion ratio 肺扩散容量diffusion capacity of lung 氧容量oxygen capacity of Hb
氧含量oxygen content of Hb
氧饱和度oxygen saturation of Hb 氧解离曲线oxygen dissociation curve 波尔效应Bohr effect
何尔登效应Haldane effect
化学感受器chemoreceptor
肺牵张反射pulmonary stretch reflex 消化digestion
吸收absorption
慢波slow wave
肠神经系统enteric nervous system。