北京人大附中2018届高三上学期期末考试仿真卷 英语(B)

2017-2018学年上学期高三期末考试仿真测试卷
英语（B）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）(略)
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
（安徽省皖西南名校2018年高三阶段性检测联考）
The Cheap Ticets Offseason Mountain Getaway Guide
Stowe, Vermont offers periods to those looing to escape the heat during the clog days of summer. From ip lining and roc climbing to golf and horsebac riding, Stowe maes a great getaway for the active traveler. Also, you can tae in ecellent views of the area from the newly refreshed Stowe Gondola Sy Ride.
3 nights at the 3-star Butler House from $452.
Par City, Utah is part of a new summer eperience. Travelers can bring a little winter fun to the
warmer months and tube down the landing hill of a Nordic Si Jump that is coated to mae the eperience as smooth as sliding down snow. Looing for something a little slower paced? Tae a trip on a hot air balloon and tae in the magnificent Wasatch Mountains.
3 nights at the 4-star Silverado Lodge, Canyons Village from $480.
Mammoth Laes, California chec out Minaret Vista for one of the best views of California1’s Sierra Nevada range or bounce in a boat to eplore Mono Lae, which happens to sit on one of the biggest bird migratory (迁徙) paths in North America. There is no shortage of summer activities for every type of traveler.
3 nights at the 4-star Mammoth Estates Rentals from $468.
Winter Par, Colorado is what summers are for Racing down all 3,000 feet and 26 turns of Colorado’s longest alpine (高山的) slide. If that’s not your taste, Winter Par has at least one warm-weather activity for all. The mountains are blaneted in the Arapaho National Forest, where you can hie mountain bie all day. And for
a quiet morning in the sun, enjoy fly-fishing trip or round at Pole Cree Golf Club.
3 nights at the 3.5-star Frasier Crossing Founders Point from $467.
Special Attention 20% off hotels booing before June 30.
21. Where can you get the best views of the scenery from the air?
A. Stowe & Mammoth Laes.
B. Winter Par & Par City.
C. Stowe & Par City.
D. Winter Par & Mammoth Laes.
22. What activity does Par City offer you?
A. You can si on the artificial slide way.
B. You can slide down the white snow.
C. You can tae a hot air balloon to Wasatch Mountains.
D. You can spend your warmer days in cold mountains.
23. The passage is best suitable for those who ________.
A. want to escape the busy city life
B. want to do hiing or bie riding
C. only lie the scenery of mountains
D. want to spend their summer vacation
24. How much should you pay for the cheapest but best hotel if your parents want to travel there?
A. $723.2.
B. $748.8.
C. $768.
D. $747.2.
B
(广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考)Teaching can be one of the most satisfying jobs in the United States. Yet many American teachers say they feel overwored, undervalued, and underpaid. This has led to what education eperts call “teacher burnout,” a feeling of mental, physical, and emotional ehaustion.
In all, nearly 50 percent of American teachers leave the profession before their fifth year. That information comes from a 2010 study by the advisory service Mcinsey & Company.
And, a 2016 study from Penn State University found that 46 percent of teachers report high daily stress. Teachers say the stress affects their sleep, health, teaching performance, and quality of life. The study identified mindfulness training as one promising solution for improving teacher well-being.
The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California — Bereley studies the science and practice of well-being. It defines mindfulness as eeping “a moment-by-moment awareness of our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and surrounding environment.”
A person can reach this emotional state by spending time in quiet thought, without judging these thoughts and feelings. A number of people also meditate — they tae slow, deep breaths to become calm.
Many organiations around the country have designed mindfulness training programs for schools. Some of them are designed for teachers. The programs see to reduce teacher stress while helping them be more effective in the classroom.
Maureen Naughton is a seventh grade science teacher at a public middle school in the Bron section of New Yor City. As a highly active teacher, Naughton would sometimes forget to tae time to herself. But after the programs she shared the methods such as mindful waling and mindful eating — ways of enjoying those activities fully instead of being distracted by worries or responsibilities.
Naughton also said the deep breathing methods help her to maintain calm when faced with the stress of trying to “meet everyone’s needs”.
25. What does “teacher burnout” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. A condition of happiness and sorrow.
B. A situation of physical eercise.
C. A feeling of mental, physical, and emotional tiredness.
D. A feeling of mental, physical, and emotional relaation.
26. What do mindfulness training programs designed for teachers try to do?
A. They try to mae teachers tae slow, deep breaths to become calm.
B. They try to reduce teacher stress to help teachers be more effective when teaching.
C. They try to mae teachers enjoy those activities fully.
D. They try to mae teachers spend time in quiet thought, without judging these thoughts and feelings.
27. What can we infer from N aughton’s words?
A. The deep breathing methods are a good way to let her eep calm when faced with stress.
B. She dislies the deep breathing methods.
C. Don’t be distracted by worries or possibilities.
D. Enjoy all inds of activities carefully.
C
（河南省豫南北名校2018届高三精英联赛）Pollution's great effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency（效率）,less reliance on fossil（化石) fuels, and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.
The construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. In the United States, building and development account for 39% of the country's total energy use, 12% of total water consumption,68% of total electricity consumption and 38% of carbon dioide emissions（二氧化碳排放）, according to the Environment Protection Agency.
Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, wor, and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycle—construction, restoration, operation, maintenance（维护）and demolition
（拆毁）—than those who construct more regular buildings.
The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live in such buildings.
The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials over long distances.
Careful site selection is important to minimie（最小化）human impact on the surrounding environment. For eample, placing a structure in an area that allows it to tae advantage of cool breees（微风）and sunlight can reduce energy use and epenses. More energy and epense are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build small.
Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost. These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which helps to eep heating and cooling costs, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.
Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, hydropower（水能）and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the impact on the environment.
28. What is the tet mainly about?
A. The necessity of promoting energy efficiency.
B. The process of building green buildings.
C. The benefits and features of green buildings.
D. Green buildings effects on the environment.
29. According to the tet, green buildings refer to the buildings that______.
A. produce no waste
B. only use clean energy
C. are made of recycled materials
D. use energy and resources more efficiently
30. Which of the following statements is TRUE about green buildings?
A. They rely on fossil fuels and solar power for heat and electricity.
B. Small buildings are less efficient in energy use than larger ones.
C. The ecosystem has to be considered when building a green building.
D. They are difficult to maintain and thus need more operating costs.
31. Why are green roofs used?
A. They fit the surrounding environment well.
B. They are cheaper than other inds of roofs.
C. They can eep natural water for use in everyday life.
D. They can help to control the temperature in the building well.
D
(河南省豫西南示范性高中2018届高三联考)Driverless technology will soon enter another major global industry shipping. Several companies recently announced plans to launch self sailing ships to improve safety and efficiency.
One of them is Norwegian chemical company Yara International. Yara has teamed up with another Norwegian company, ongsberg, to build an autonomous goods ship epected to launch net year. ongsberg developed the ship’s electrical technology and autonomous control systems. The ship is fully electric to reduce air pollution. It is designed to carry goods containers normally transported by truc. This means the ship will also improve road safety by replacing about 40,000 truc trips a year. The company plans to operate the ships by far-away control beginning sometime net year. By 2020, the ships should be loading and sailing themselves. While Yara’s ships will be limited to Norway at first, the company plans to greatly epand its autonomous shipping operations in the coming years.
Another company putting a high priority (优先) to self sailing ships is the world’s largest mining company, Australia’s BHP Billiton. The company’s Vice President of Freight, Rashpal Bhatti, recently spoe about the technology in a website post. Bhatti believes automation will be one of the biggest changes for shipping in the future. He said, “Autonomous ships offer significant opportunities to improve safety and provide better effectiveness results to the supply chain of the sea.” He added that self-sailing ships could
become a reality within the net decade.
Rolls-Royce, the British automobile and engine manufacturer, is also developing unmanned shipping technologies. Osar Levander is the company’s head of operations at sea. He told a conference last year, “This is happening. It’s not if,it’s when.”
Levander said these autonomous ships could be controlled by far-away operators from anywhere. He added, “Because these ships will be designed to be unmanned, they can be built smaller, more efficient and environmentally friendly.”
32. Why have several countries announced plans to produce self-sailing ships?
A. To save money.
B. To develop electrical technology in ships.
C. To compete in autonomous control systems.
D. To mae shipping more effective and less risy.
33. How will the Norwegian autonomous ship be developed?
A. On the basis of Rolls-Royce.
B. By a single company independently.
C. By two native companies woring together.
D. By taing electrical technology from Australia.
34. What do Osar Levander’s words suggest in paragraph 4?
A. It is too early to mae autonomous ships.
B. The supply chain of the sea will be busier.
C. People are more concerned about autonomous ships.
D. Unmanned shipping technologies are becoming more mature.
35. What would be the best title for the tet?
A. Automation under Sail
B. Self-sailing Ships in Use
C. Automation in Some Fields
D. Automation in Imagination
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余
选项。

(辽宁省本溪市高级中学2018届高三10月月考)Want to improve your mind? A little bit of effort every day goes a long way. Here are some simple actions that could help you become a smarter person.
__36___ Thin about how to mae more money, how to solve a daily problem you have, interesting movie ideas’ or anything else. It doesn’t matter what subject your ideas fall into as long as you’re woring your brain.
Read newspapers.___37___ You’ll learn to form your own opinions. You’ll also have a lot more to tal about at parties or with friends.
Instead of watching TV, watch educational videos.__38___ And you can learn a lot from other people’s eperiences. In videos, the information is often presented in an understandable, memorable way, so you can be sure it will stic in your mind.
___39___ If you find someone to discuss something with, you can add to each other’s nowledge and gain new ideas. Also, when you can eplain ideas to someone else, it means you’ve mastered them. You can even share what you learn on the Internet.
Hang out with people who are smarter than you.___40___ Every day, you should try to have a coffee date or wal with someone who inspires you. Always be willing to learn. As as many questions as possible. If you are always around people who are more nowledgeable than you, you’ll have no choice but to learn more.
A. Try to be good at your job.
B. Come up with 10 ideas every day.
C. Don’t always follow others’ advice.
D. Share what you learn with other people.
E. Spend as much time as you can with wise people.
F. Sometimes, it’s more eciting to watch something than to read it.
G. It will help you become more aware of the important things happening around the world.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）
第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（河北省邯郸一中2018届高三第二次模拟）A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on ___41___ management. As she raised a glass of water, everyone in the class ___42___ they would be ased the “half-empty or half-full” question.___43___, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she ased the students, “How much do you thin this glass of water weighs?”
Answers called out ___44___ from eight to twenty ounces (盎司).
She quieted the students down and then replied, “The absolute weight doesn’t __45___. But it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is O. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my _46___. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the ___47___ of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the ___48___ I hold it, the heavier it b ecomes. Why?”
Lost in ___49___, all the students ept silent and listened to the professor carefully.
“Our stresses and ___50___ in life are lie that glass of water. If we ___51___ our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel ehausted, even unable to __52___.”
___53___ you have to do is put all your burdens down, as __54___ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get _55___ net morning and are _56___ to move forward.
More often than not, life gets terrible when we ___57___ too much. And the moment you ___58___ your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaed.
So rather than being upset and feeling ___59___ for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to ___60___ yourself to anything that is not maing you happy.
41. A. class B. emotion C. time D. stress
42. A. wondered B. epected C. agreed D. argued
43. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Anyhow D. Therefore
44. A. ranged B. replied C. read D. echanged
45. A. eist B. change C. mater D. increase
46. A. head B. arm C. leg D. stomach
47. A. shape B. position C. weight D. sie
48. A. better B. deeper C. longer D. further
49. A. fantasy B. thought C. dreams D. discussion
50. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries
51. A. cover B. carry C. hide D. show
52. A. pic up B. wor out C. carry on D. catch on
53. A. Something B. All C. Nothing D. Anything
54. A. eagerly B. naturally C. quicly D. early
55. A. refreshed B. entertained C. depressed D. amaed
56. A. able B. anious C. passive D. ambitious
57. A. fear B. thin C. rest D. get
58. A. catch up with B. loo down on C. 1et go of D. put up with
59. A. happy B. sorry C. disappointed D. greedy
60. A. help B. treat C. drive D. abandon
第II卷
第三部分英语知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

（河南省中原名校2018届高三第三次质量考评）The Han Dynasty is one of the most important ___61___ (dynasty) in Chinese history. There are many ___62___ (wonder) achievements during this period. It was the first Chinese dynasty _63___ (open) its door to other cultures ___64___ its foreign trade was prosperous. The Sil Road opened up in the Han Dynasty __65___ (lead) to the Middle and Western Asia and ___66___ Rome. Various forms of art blossomed during the period __67___ many great wors on literature, history and philosophy appeared. The publishing of China’s first dictionary was completed in 100AD; it contains 9000 Chinese characters. At __68___ same time, great progress __69___ (mae) in science and technology was really amaing. The Han Dynasty lasted 400 years. However, the rulers, corruption (腐败) eventually resulted in ___70___ (it) destruction.
第四部分写作（共两节满分35）
第一节短文改错（10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

（湖北省八校2018届高三上第一次联考）It is essential to tae an useful summer vacation after the eam. There are many inds of activity for us to tae part. First, we can visit our relatives and friends or spend a happily time with our family. Second, seeing a film, listening to music or hang out with our friends will also be ecited. Third, we should tae more eercise to eep healthy. What’s more, we’d better to review what we had learned at school. Finally, it is necessary of us to do some housewor,that can help our parents a lot. Above all, I hope all of us can have a pleasant vacation.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
(湖北省孝感市2018届高三上学期第一次统考)假如你是李华，你的朋友Peter上次访后惊叹你们家乡的巨大变化，回去后写信询问你们是如何在实践中将“绿水青山就是金山银山”化为生动的现实的。

要点：1.简要介绍之前存在的问题。

2.具体整改措施及带的好处。

注意：1.词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数）。

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示：绿水青山就是金山银山：Lucid water and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
Dear Peter,
I am glad to have received your letter asing about how we put “ Lucid waters and lush mountains are in valuable assets” into practice H ere is something about it.
I am sure you will lie it, looing forward to seeing you again in my hometown.
Yours sincerely
Li Hua 2017-2018学年上学期高三年级期末考试仿真测试卷
英语（B）答案
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）（略）
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
21 -24 CADB 25-27 CBA 28-31 CDCD 32-35 DCDA
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分）
36. B 37. G 38. F 39. D 40. E
第II 卷
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分30 分）
41. D 42. B 43. A 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. D
51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. B 60. D
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
61. dynasties 62. wonderful 63. to open 64. and 65. led
66. even 67. when 68. the 69. made 70. its
第四部分写作（共两节满分 35）
第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
It is essential to tae an useful summer vacation after the eam. There are many inds of activity for
a activities us to tae part. First, we can visit our relatives and friends or spend a happily time with our family.
it happy
Second, seeing a film, listening to music or hang out with our friends will also be ecited. Third, we should
hanging eciting
tae more eercise to eep healthy. What’s more, we’d better to review what we had learned at school.
have
Finally, it is necessary of us to do some housewor, that can help our parents a lot. Above all, I hope all of us for which
can have a pleasant vacation.
第二节书面表达（满25分）
Dear Peter,
I am glad to have received your letter asing about how we put “Lucid waters and lush mountains are in valuable assets” into practice Here is something about it.
Several years ago, a couple of economic ones were built to attract investors aiming at developing the economy. Unfortunately, all the efforts were in vain due to the poor natural environment.
Only then, did the government realie the importance of green hills and clear waters. Therefore concrete measures were taen to beautify the environment such as preventing pollution, planting trees and so on, which contributed to a brand new natural environment with birds singing in the forest and fish swimming in clear water.
Owing to the inviting environment, more and more people came to visit and invest which in turn led to a boom of our economy.
I am sure you will lie it, looing forward to seeing you again in my hometown.
Yours sincerely
Li Hua。