高中英语Unit3Scienceandnature课时跟踪检测一含解析牛津译林版必修5

Unit 3 Science and nature课时跟踪检测（一）
Welcome to the unit & Reading —Language points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She had intention (意图) of visiting her native land.
2．As a consequence (结果) of being in hospital, Mary decided that she wanted to be a nurse.
3．The concepts (概念) of low carbon are low energy and no waste.
4．Having been married for years without a child, my uncle and aunt are considering adopting (收养) an orphan.
5．He has consulted the physician (内科医生) about his health.
6．The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting (收割) the wheat.
7．If we go against nature, we will have to deal with the consequences (后果)．8．Some students are easy to lose their temper because of anxiety (焦虑) and study burden.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他指出这条路冬天不安全。

He pointed_out that the road was not safe in winter.
2．居里夫人是世界上第一个两次获得诺贝尔奖的人。

Marie Curie is the first person in the world to_receive_two_Nobel_Prizes.
3．我去纽约为的是看望我兄弟。

I went to New York with_the_intention_of_seeing my brother.
4．虽然我不怎么喜欢艺术，但我发现他的作品令人赞叹。

While_I_really_don't_like_art,_I find his work impressive.
5．如果他早点告诉我的话，我就不会那样做了。

If_he_had_told_me_earlier,_I would not have done like that.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Everyone, including me, thought I had won the race. As I crossed the line, the crowd __1__ and began to pour into the track. However, I began to __2__ my feelings of victory as I watched the girl from Medfield keep running. Then I saw my coach and teammates __3__ me and making “around the track” __4__ with their arms. I had lost count and there was __5__ one more lap (圈) to go. I jumped back onto the track, determined to earn my __6__. I felt very tired, but I was determined and picked up
my __7__.
My track team does not get the __8__ of other sports. Some people once told me that track was not even a sport and that running around in a circle __9__ no talent. Each day after school my teammates and I put on our running shoes and __10__. We stay together, using each other as support to __11__ the tiredness and muscle aches __12__ we know that in just a few moments we will be pushing our __13__ to the limit.
Try as I might to catch up, too much __14__ had been wasted and the meet went to Medfield. As I crossed the __15__ finishing line, my heart sank. The next few days were really __16__ for me, but with the support of my family, friends, and teammates, I __17__ from my mistake. After that track meet, our team's bond got __18__， and we all became more supportive to each other.
Every runner may have come together for different reasons, but we have the __19__ goal: to achieve top performance and experience personal growth. For me, through running I've been able to __20__ the challenges presented to me.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。

在接力训练和比赛中，我们全体队员互相支持，通力合作，以取得最好的成绩。

1．A.cheered B．agreed
C．quarreled D．gathered
解析：选A 由文章首句可知，每个人都以为作者获胜了，所以人群一片欢呼，冲上了跑道。

2．A.hide B．control
C．experience D．question
解析：选 D 由本空后“the girl from Medfield keep running”可知，看到对手没有停下，作者开始怀疑自己是否真的获胜了。

3．A.smiling at B．taking the place of
C．shouting at D．breaking away from
解析：选 C 由上文的“crossed the line”可知，作者还在赛道上，所以教练和队友冲她大声喊叫。

4．A.gestures B．sounds
C．suggestions D．orders
解析：选A 由本空前后的“around the track”和“with their arms”可知，他们挥
舞着手臂冲作者做“绕场跑”的手势。

5．A.yet B．still
C．hardly D．always
解析：选B 由本空前“I had lost count”可知，作者在飞跑时忘了计算圈数，事实上还有一圈要跑。

6．A.prize B．living
C．trust D．fame
解析：选A 由本空前“I jumped back onto the track”可知，作者又冲回跑道，决心要把奖项拿回来。

7．A.way B．speed
C．shoes D．flags
解析：选B 尽管作者筋疲力尽，但是她下定了决心，开足马力，加速奔跑。

8．A.chance B．skills
C．rules D．respect
解析：选D 由下句“Some people once told me that track was not even a sport”可知，作者她们的田径队得不到像其他运动那样的尊重，有人曾经对作者说田径算不上是运动，绕圈跑都不需要什么能力。

9．A.offered B．received
C．required D．meant
解析：选C 参见上题解析。

10．A.exercise B．rest
C．unite D．move
解析：选A 由“put on our running shoes”可知，作者她们队每天进行训练。

11．A.feel B．foresee
C．ease D．overcome
解析：选D 由“using each other as support”可知，她们互相支持，克服疲劳和肌肉酸痛。

12．A.but B．because
C．though D．while
解析：选B 本空后是她们聚在一起互相支持的原因。

13．A.bodies B．teammates
C．audience D．track
解析：选A 比赛是非常耗费运动员体力的。

14．A.money B．energy
C．time D．breath
解析：选C 由上文可知，作者误以为自己获胜就停了下来。

所以尽管奋力追赶，因为时间浪费过多，还是输了。

15．A.new B．original
C．last D．actual
解析：选D 由前文可知，这里指的是真正的终点线。

16．A.cold B．difficult
C．fresh D．enjoyable
解析：选B 由“the meet went to Medfield”以及“my heart sank”可知，接下来的几天对作者来说很难熬。

17．A.suffered B．learned
C．recovered D．heard
解析：选C 由前文作者的状态以及“with the support of my family, friends, and teammates”可知，作者从自己的失误中恢复了过来。

18．A.more important B．healthier
C．more natural D．deeper
解析：选D 由“we all became more supportive to each other”可知，她们队员之间的关系更深了。

19．A.familiar B．true
C．same D．distant
解析：选C 由“to achieve top performance and experience personal growth”及本空前的“different reasons”可知，全体队员聚到一起的原因可能各不相同，但大家有一个共同的目标。

20．A.face B．defeat
C．accept D．avoid
解析：选B 通过跑步，作者能够战胜挑战。

Ⅳ.阅读理解
You stay up late, and never seem to be organized. While these might not seem like the most positive characteristics, research has shown each of them is linked to a higher intelligence.
You are messy.
Managers and office workers might be interested in a clean desk, but it seems in terms of efficiency (效率), they could have it all wrong.
The researchers found people actually thought more clearly when the desk was in
a mess, as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand. Untidiness forces human beings to focus and think more clearly.
Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl were known for their untidy desks. “Messy desks may not be as harmful as they appear to be, as the problem­solving approaches they seem to cause can improve work efficiency or increase employees' creativity in problem solving，” the researchers said.
You stay up late.
Night owls are more intelligent than people who get an early night. It found that late risers tire less quickly than those who get up at dawn. The study is likely to be accepted willingly by anyone tired of being branded lazy for their love of a lie­in. And it added to growing evidence that it is night owls that make all the decisions in a group and that tend to be both cleverer and richer than early birds.
You tend to be modest.
This is called the Dunning­Kruger effect. It describes how less competent (有能力的) people often think their intelligence higher than it actually is, while more competent people think theirs lower.
You are a cat person.
A study said that cat owners are smarter than dog owners, regardless of their pet's intelligence. The research showed that the owners of the two animals tend to have different personalities —with cat lovers being more sensitive a nd open­minded than dog lovers who are largely energetic. The study found that cat owners scored more highly on an intelligence test than dog owners.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。

研究指出一些特殊的性格特征和行为习惯也是聪明人的象征。

1．What do the examples of Einstein and Dahl prove?
A．Messy desks can lead people to clearer thinking.
B．People with messy desks have lower efficiency.
C．Creativity usually comes from a messy desk.
D．Famous people tend to have untidy desks.
解析：选A 推理判断题。

由第三段“Untidiness forces human beings to focus and think more clearly”及第四段“Famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl were known for their untidy desks”可知，这种杂乱的书桌会促使人们思维更加清晰。

2．Which of the following can best describe night owls?
A．Lazy. B．Energetic.
C．Determined. D．Sensitive.
解析：选B 细节理解题。

由第五段“It foun d that late risers tire less quickly than those who get up at dawn”可知，那些夜猫子通常比早起的人精力充沛。

3．What is the Dunning­Kruger effect?
A．Modesty helps one to make progress.
B．Competent people are often confident.
C．People don't know their abilities well.
D．The modest are actually less competent.
解析：选C 推理判断题。

由第六段可知，认知偏差现象指的是人们对自己的能力高估或低估。

4．What is the text mainly about?
A．Effects of positive characteristics.
B．Ways to have a higher intelligence.
C．Normal behavior of intelligent people.
D．Surprising characteristics of clever people.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了几种看起来不是那么积极的性格特征和行为习惯，指出它们也是高智商的表现。

Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly? __1__ Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.
Clean the toilet with Coke. It's amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner. __2__ You'll save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleaners. Pour some cola over the stains and leave it all for a few hours. Then let water wash the toilet!
Remove water stains with orange peels. You've just eaten an orange. __3__ Do not throw away those orange peels. You can use the skins to clean stainless steel. Your appliances will shine again after you rub (擦) them with the skins. The peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a second.
Use banana peels to polish leather furniture. Experts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairs. Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task. __4__ Afterwards, remove the leftover with a cloth. This trick is simple and cheap. Use it if you want your leather furniture to look brand new again.
__5__ Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is
ch eap and non­toxic (无毒的)? Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowl. Then add 50ml white vinegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquid. Shake the bowl and then fill up a plastic spray with the mixture. Use it to clean windows and mirrors. Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.
A．Wait a minute!
B．Make your own glass cleaner.
C．Follow the steps given below.
D．Of course your answer is “yes”．
E．They leave no marks or scratches.
F．Instead of drinking it, use it to clean the toilet bowl.
G．They are economical and safe to use on all of furniture.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

想生活在一个干净的生活环境中，让一切光洁发亮吗？那就按照以下步骤来做吧。

无须购买昂贵的清洁用品，只需要一些小妙招。

1．解析：选C 根据空格前后的内容以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到承上启下的作用。

2．解析：选F 本段讲的是用可乐清洁厕所，故F项“不是喝掉可乐，而是用之清洁马桶”符合语境。

3．解析：选A 根据下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels”可知，吃了橘子后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。

所以选A。

4．解析：选E 根据上文中的“Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也非常适合擦拭皮质，不会留下污痕或划痕。

所以选E。

5．解析：选 B 根据下文中的“you can make your own product that is cheap and n on­toxic (无毒的) ...”“Use it to clean windows and mirrors. Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny”可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。