铅锌矿浮选 工艺 流程 原理

铅锌矿浮选工艺流程原理
英文回答：
Lead-zinc ore flotation is a mineral processing technique used to separate lead and zinc minerals from other gangue minerals. The process involves the use of flotation reagents to selectively attach to the lead and zinc minerals, creating air bubbles that carry them to the surface of the flotation cell.
Process Flow:
1. Crushing and Grinding: The lead-zinc ore is crushed and ground to liberate the valuable minerals from the gangue minerals.
2. Screening: The crushed ore is screened to remove any oversized particles that may interfere with the flotation process.
3. Reagents Addition: Flotation reagents, such as collectors and frothers, are added to the ore slurry. Collectors selectively attach to the lead and zinc minerals, making them hydrophobic. Frothers create bubbles that help lift the mineral particles to the surface.
4. Flotation: The ore slurry is agitated in a flotation cell, creating air bubbles. The hydrophobic lead and zinc minerals attach to the bubbles and rise to the surface, forming a froth layer.
5. Froth Removal: The froth layer containing the concentrated lead and zinc minerals is removed from the flotation cell.
6. Cleaning: The froth concentrate may undergo further cleaning stages to remove any remaining gangue minerals.
7. Tailings Removal: The gangue minerals that remain in the slurry after flotation are removed as tailings.
8. Dewatering: The lead and zinc concentrates are
dewatered to remove excess water.
9. Drying: The concentrates may be dried to reduce their moisture content and facilitate transportation and storage.
Principles:
Hydrophobicity: Flotation reagents selectively attach to the lead and zinc minerals, making them hydrophobic (water-repellent).
Bubble Attachment: The hydrophobic minerals attach to the air bubbles created by the frothers.
Floatability: The bubbles carry the attached mineral particles to the surface of the flotation cell.
Froth Formation: The accumulation of bubbles and mineral particles forms a froth layer.
Selective Separation: The flotation process separates
the lead and zinc minerals from the gangue minerals based
on their different surface properties.
中文回答：
铅锌矿浮选工艺流程。

1. 破碎与研磨，将铅锌矿破碎、研磨，使有价值矿物从脉石矿
物中解离。

2. 筛分，将破碎的矿石筛分，去除可能干扰浮选过程的过大颗粒。

3. 添加药剂，将浮选药剂，如捕收剂和起泡剂，添加到矿浆中。

捕收剂选择性地吸附在铅锌矿物上，使其疏水。

起泡剂产生气泡，
帮助矿物颗粒浮到表面。

4. 浮选，在浮选槽中搅拌矿浆，产生气泡。

疏水的铅锌矿物附
着在气泡上并上升到表面，形成泡沫层。

5. 泡沫移除，将含有浓缩铅锌矿物的泡沫层从浮选槽中除去。

6. 净化，泡沫精矿可能需要进一步净化，以去除残留的脉石矿物。

7. 尾矿去除，浮选后残留在矿浆中的脉石矿物作为尾矿去除。

8. 脱水，铅锌精矿脱水，去除多余水分。

9. 干燥，精矿可以干燥以降低其水分含量，便于运输和储存。

原理。

疏水性，浮选药剂选择性地附着在铅锌矿物上，使其疏水（拒水）。

气泡附着，疏水的矿物附着在起泡剂产生的气泡上。

浮选性，气泡将附着的矿物颗粒带到浮选槽的表面。

泡沫形成，气泡和矿物颗粒的积累形成泡沫层。

选择性分离，浮选工艺根据铅锌矿物与脉石矿物的不同表面性质，将它们分离。