河北省定州市2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

河北省定州市2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短对话
1．What does the man offer the woman?
A．A raincoat.B．A ride.C．An umbrella. 2．Which bus can the man catch?
A．The 9: 30 one.B．The 9: 40 one.C．The 10: 00 one. 3．Which of the following satisfies the man?
A．The kitchen.B．The bedroom.C．The bathroom. 4．What is the weather like?
A．Cold and wet.B．Warm and dry.C．Sunny but windy. 5．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a restaurant.B．In a supermarket.C．In a hotel.
二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6．What is the woman going to do?
A．Prepare lunch.B．Have a party.C．Visit a friend. 7．What does the woman still need?
A．Some fruit.B．Some flowers.C．Some candies.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8．What does the man complain about?
A．The food.B．The hotel.C．The service. 9．What happened to the man on the trip?
A．He fell ill suddenly.B．He got lost on the way.C．He had a car accident. 10．How did the man get back to the hotel?
A．By bus.B．By taxi.C．On foot.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

11．When will the first course end?
A．On July 3.B．On July 20.C．On August 10. 12．How much is the second course?
A．£50.B．£500.C．£550.
13．Where is the man from?
A．England.B．France.C．Finland.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14．Where is the man’s coffee usually kept?
A．Under the shelf.B．On the shelf.C．On the table. 15．What will the woman get for the man?
A．Coffee.B．Batteries.C．A computer mouse. 16．What does the man offer to do in the end?
A．Do the shopping.B．Make a call.C．Cook dinner.
三、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

17．Who took charge of the action group?
A．A school teacher.B．A restaurant owner.C．A community worker. 18．What did the speaker persuade the school to do to raise money?
A．Organize a concert.B．Collect the rubbish.C．Sell second-hand books. 19．How much more did the group need after collecting money for six months? A．£15,000.B．£10,000.C．£5,000.
20．What was most community members’ attitude toward using Xcite? A．Concerned.B．Uncaring.C．Favourable.
四、阅读理解
Throughout history, great cities have risen and fallen. Some of them are seemingly lost in time — until artifacts (古物) are discovered that bring them back to life.
Teotihuacán
Located outside of Mexico City, Teotihuacán is thought to have been settled around 400
BC．By 400 AD, it was the most influential, powerful city in its region. Teotihuacán’s real treasure is its massive step pyramids. Much of the city’s history is still a mystery, but some believe that its decline came from changing climate conditions like long-term droughts.
Petra
This ancient city in southern Jordan flourished from the 4th century BC to 106 AD．It was an important place for spice and silk trade routes. It also had a complicatedly-designed water management system. Petra was occupied by Rome in 106 AD, and the trade routes soon shifted. Hundreds of years later, earthquakes damaged the water system and Petra was abandoned.
Pompeii
Endless tales have been told about the tragedy of Pompeii, which occurred on August 24, in the year 79 AD, when the volcano Vesuvius erupted. The entire town was swiftly covered in ash and soil. Everything was frozen in time. The site was unearthed in the 18th century, and the evidence found provided a great detail of insight into daily living in this ancient Italian city.
Ctesiphon
Located about 20 miles outside of Baghdad, Ctesiphon was one of the greatest cities in Western Asia in the 6th century. It was conquered (征服) by Rome, and then by the Byzantine Empire. In 637 AD, it was captured by the Muslims. Many believe that the ancient city was the inspiration for the city of Isbanir mentioned in the Thousand and One Nights folk tales. 21．What do we know about Teotihuacán?
A．Its history needs further exploration.
B．It was the most powerful city of its time.
C．It took about 400 years to reach its peak.
D．Its pyramids were ruined by climate change.
22．In which city can we learn about ancient Italian daily life?
A．Teotihuacán.B．Petra.C．Pompeii.D．Ctesiphon. 23．What do Petra and Ctesiphon have in common?
A．They were sources for folk tales.B．They declined due to natural disasters. C．They were once defeated by Rome.D．They were towns on the ancient silk road.
Born in Potsdam (in the Kingdom of Prussia) in 1821, Helmholtz was one of the 19th century’s most knowledgeable scientists, whose name turns up in the histories of multiple scientific fields and specialties. As a youngster, he had an interest in physics, but that seemed a financially unwise career choice. He went to medical school and studied physiology instead, because he was drawn to others who promoted the point that physiology should be based on the principles of chemistry and physics, not the vital forces that had been popularly emphasized previously.
After earning his medical degree, Helmholtz served as an army surgeon before becoming professor of physiology at the University of Konigsberg. During that time, he composed a groundbreaking paper on the conservation of energy, which made him a good reputation in science community. His main argument is that all science can be reduced to mechanics. It is emphasized that Newtonian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics are mathematically equivalent, so a force can be measured by the Laplace method in terms of the energy transferred by the force or the work done by the force. All of this energy is conserved. While at Konigsberg, he studied the nervous system, optics (光学) and acoustics (声学),especially with regard to the physiology of the senses. Then he moved on to the University of bonn as professor of anatomy (解剖学) and physiology.
After some time at the University of Heidelberg, where he became interested in philosophy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University of Berlin. At last he could focus on physics, emphasizing the importance of the principle of least action for explaining physical phenomena. He also explored the branches of Maxwell’s new theory. By this time, he was recognized as one of Germany’s premier scientists, until his death in 1894. 24．Why did Helmholtz choose to study physiology?
A．He made the choice for economic difficulty.
B．He would like to make himself have more skills.
C．He preferred physiology to chemistry and physics.
D．He was attracted by a different viewpoint.
25．What made Helmholtz popular among scientists?
A．His degree in medical science.
B．His talent in chemistry and physics.
C．His paper on the conservation of energy.
D．His achievements as an army surgeon.
26．What can be inferred about Helmholtz from the last paragraph?
A．He was a famous philosopher.
B．He proved Maxwell’s new theory.
C．He was a physics professor at Konigsberg.
D．He devoted his rest life to physical research.
27．Which words can best describe Helmholtz?
A．All-round and determined.
B．Energetic and cautious.
C．Knowledgeable and brave.
D．Humorous and courageous.
Super typhoon Rammasun swept over Hainan, China, destroying at least 23,000 houses and causing 2 billion dollars in damage. It was not just people who experienced the impact, though. In Hainan Bawangling National Nature Reserve, home to the world’s 30 remaining Hainan gibbons(长臂猿), landslides tore through sections of the forest. The gibbons, a species living in trees, were forced to jump across a distance of up to 50 feet to get from one area to another.
The gibbons sometimes would break their fall only by managing to catch hold of the tip of a particular palm leaf. As months passed, Bosco Chan at the Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden in Hong Kong noticed that constant use caused the leaf to wear and bend downward, threatening to lead to the gibbons crashing down and breaking the extremely rare species’ habitat into different islands. “It’s really a matter of concern. Moreover, I didn’t know how long the leaf would be able to hold the gibbons,” he said. “I thought it was time for us to build something.”
As recently described in Scientific Reports, Bosco Chan and his colleagues turned to aerial(空中的) bridges. They hired professional tree climbers to confront and get over the steep landform to fix a simple bridge, consisting of two parallel mountaineering-grade ropes. It took the gibbons over five months to catch on, but once they learned to use the ropes, they started regularly using them to make safe, quick crossings.
Till now, aerial bridges have been used in other countries to help a diversity of animals ranging from squirrels to capuchin monkeys. But many are small, one-off projects carried out by local organizations or even individuals; with little or no scientific study of what does or
does not work. In addition, a solution for one species or habitat may not be applicable to another.
28．What can be learned about Hainan gibbons?
A．They are severely endangered.
B．They mainly feed on palm leaves.
C．They are good at long-distance jumping.
D．They suffer a slight reduction in population.
29．What makes Bosco Chan worried about the gibbons?
A．Their weak link with nature.B．Their fear of jumps between trees. C．Their survival affected by typhoons.D．Their habitats’ likely being damaged. 30．Which can best explain the underlined word “confront” in paragraph 3?
A．Make use of.B．Get rid of.C．Take down.D．Deal with. 31．Which aspect of aerial bridges does the last paragraph talk about?
A．Their importance.B．Their limitations.
C．Their potential uses.D．Their long-term effects.
Professor Veena Sahajwalla, 2022 Australian of the year, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories. These little trash processors (处理器)—some as small as 500 square feet— house a series of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology. The new all-in -one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.
In 2018 she launched the first microfactory, establishing a model of recycling that enables businesses and communities to develop commercial opportunities while addressing local waste problems. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactory technology. “The small scale of the machines will make it easier for them to one day operate on renewable energy, unlike most large manufacturing plants. The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location, avoiding the long, often international, high-emission journeys between recycling processors and manufacturing plants. With a microfactory, gone are the days of needing separate facilities to collect and store materials, extract (提取) elements and produce new products,” says Sahajwalla.
Traditionally, recycling plants break down materials for reuse in similar products-like
melting down plastic to make more plastic things. Sahajwalla’s invention advances this idea by taking materials from an old product and creating something different. “The kids don’t look like the parents,” she says. Sahajwalla refers to this process as “the fourth R,” adding “re -form” to the common phrase “reduce, reuse, recycle”.
Professor Veena Sahajwalla’s programs help to develop innovation and promote cooperation with industry, ensuring that sustainable materials and processes become commercially practical solutions for dealing with waste.
32．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To introduce a new type of trash processor.
B．To introduce the process of recycling waste.
C．To prove the seriousness of the trash problem.
D．To show the current situation of trash recycling.
33．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The founding of waste microfactories.
B．The influences of waste microfactories.
C．The advantages of waste microfactories.
D．The shocking scale of waste microfactories.
34．What does “re-form” in Paragraph 3 refer to according to Sahajwalla?
A．Extracting materials from the waste.
B．Generating new materials with waste.
C．Updating the whole recycling process.
D．Transforming waste into similar products.
35．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A fiction novel.B．A business report.
C．A science magazine.D．A chemical textbook.
五、七选五
Although a gym membership can be nice, you don't have to have one to get into great
activity that uses the same muscles you want to work out. For instance, slowly jog if you are going for a longer run.
___38___ Strength training, also called resistance training, makes you stronger and builds endurance. Try to do exercises that work a lot of muscles and add weight to increase your resistance. This helps you do a harder workout every time you exercise.
___39___You might be eager to just stop your workout when you've finished your last set of activity, but take a few minutes to do low-intensity exercises that lower your heartrate. You might drop your run into a walk or slow down your cycling, for instance.
Set achievable goals that you can break into smaller tasks. It's one thing to say you want to get fit, but that means something different for everyone. ___40___ It should be specific, realistic, and meaningful. Then, break down each goal into small, actionable steps so it feels like you're making progress regularly.
A．Not sure what to do?
B．Want to build muscle without buying equipment?
C．Do strength training twice a week to build muscle.
D．If you're struggling to fit in workout time, don't worry.
E．Spend five to ten minutes cooling down after each workout.
F．Figure out what you plan to achieve and make that your goal.
G．But before everything, you need to create an at-home fitness routine.
六、完形填空
was my first _____50_____. Realizing my _____51_____ he said, “We will be okay, we need to look outwards not inwards.” What a special man! I agreed that it was a _____52_____ attitude to have! It was a beautiful thing to remain kind to _____53_____ others even in our _____54_____ moments. _____55_____ thoughts helped us pull through smoothly. He found another job soon.
Always think positively, have 100% faith and success is yours.
41．A．Gratefully B．Unfortunately C．Immediately D．Eventually 42．A．make B．enlarge C．stretch D．increase 43．A．bed B．people C．building D．clock 44．A．community B．station C．table D．hospital 45．A．better B．easier C．longer D．cooler 46．A．training B．knowledge C．sense D．insurance 47．A．support B．doubt C．respect D．admire 48．A．bright B．simple C．loud D．cheap 49．A．earn B．waste C．need D．spend 50．A．impression B．sound C．thought D．step 51．A．disappointment B．sadness C．mistake D．hesitation 52．A．wonderful B．different C．reasonless D．negative 53．A．call on B．come across C．think of D．take over 54．A．delighted B．difficult C．silent D．critical 55．A．Creative B．Positive C．Careful D．Deep
七、用单词的适当形式完成短文
China for the first time in 2023. More than half of the predicted increase in the global population up to 2050 will be concentrated in eight countries. On November 15th, China Daily published United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’s article, ____61____ title was “Eight billion people, one humanity”. ____62____ he puts it, with our human family growing larger, our world is growing more divided, challenged by food insecurity, deepening inequalities, the climate crisis and an unequal COVID-19 ____63____ (recover). He stresses that global gatherings in November— COP 27 and the G20—are chances ____64____ (bridge)divides,
Restore trust, and ensure that our 8-billion-strong world could yield enormous
_____65_____ (opportunity) for some of the poorest countries.
八、其他应用文
66．假定你是李华，应约为某英文网站写一则简讯，报道你校今天刚结束的中文诗词大赛（Chinese Poetry Contest）。

内容：1. 大赛举办的目的；2. 大赛举办的形式；3. 大赛举办的结果。

注意：1. 词数100词左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________
九、读后续写
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I am a proud mother of three children, my last little one being delivered in the middle of this pandemic. She was born in August and her name is Aida.
Shortly after having Aida, my mother-in-law Ann showed me something she learned from her friend’s mother in an art class she attended weekly. She had showed me how to knit (编织) a scarf. She showed me stitches (针) and gave me her half done project.
I spent a lot of time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, so I had some extra time to do something with my hands throughout the day. I enjoyed making the scarf so I purchased tons of yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted to make scarves for my three children as Christmas gifts.
There was a new family that moved in down the street. The only daughter of the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age of my oldest son David. It seemed that she came from a financially disadvantaged family, for she always wore old clothes. Worse sill, in such cold days, she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.
Due to the pandemic, society was thrown into crisis mode. Schools were closed, food supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at home. In such discouraging times, however, they became good companions, talking and playing at home or around the houses.
It was dreadfully cold this winter. Every time David came back from outside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing outside!” Then, he came over to see whether I finished the scarf. I could tell how impatient he was to wear my scarf sooner! I had to speed the project to satisfy his expectation. But David comforted me saying he could wait a few days. What a kind and considerate boy he was ! Then my great art project finally was accomplished on the morning ahead of Christmas.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
试卷第11页，共11页。