2013电大工商管理学位英语完形填空试题

完形填空：
一.Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age，their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the ____67 ___ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their ____68 ___ children visit them only occasionally，but more often，they do not have any ____69___ visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an ____70 ___ story. In fact，family members provide over 80 percent of the care ____71 ___ elderly people need. Samuel Preston，a sociologist，studied ____72 ___ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the ____73 ___ American couple reaches 40 years of age，they have more parents than children. ____74 ___，because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ____75 ___，family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers ____76 ___ a common characteristic：All caregivers believe that they are the best ____77 ___ for the job. In other words，they all felt that they ____78 ___ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers ____79 ___ caregivers to find out why they took ___ 80 ___ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had ___81 ___ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others ____82 ___ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping ____83___ now，they would deserve care when they became old and ____84 ___. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a ____85 ___ satisfying experience for everyone who might be ____86 ___.
67. [A] hands [B] arms [C] bodies [D] homes
68. [A] growing [B] grown [C] grow [D] grows
69. [A] constant [B] lasting [C] regular [D] normal
70. [A] imaginary [B] imaginable [C] imaginative [D] imagery
71. [A] that [B] this [C] those [D] these
72. [A] when [B] how [C] what [D] where
73. [A] common [B] ordinary [C] standard [D] average
74. [A] Still [B] However [C] Moreover [D] Whereas
75. [A] before [B] ago [C] later [D] lately
76. [A] share [B] enjoy [C] divide [D] consent
77. [A] person [B] people [C] character [D] man
78. [A] would [B] will [C] could [D] can
79. [A] questioned [B] interviewed [C] inquired [D] interrogate
80. [A] in [B] up [C] on [D] off
81. [A] admiration [B] initiative [C] necessity [D] obligation
82. [A] cause [B] enable [C] make [D] get
83. [A] someone [B] anyone [C] everyone [D] anybody
84. [A] elderly [B] dependent [C] dependable [D] independent
85. [A] similarly [B] differently [C] mutually [D] certainly
86. [A] involved [B] excluded [C] included [D] considered
二.Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 67 over the centuries. During the 1950s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 68 and describing the reading process. 69
specialists agree that reading 70 a complex organization of higher mental 71 , they disagree 72 the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 73 reading as simply the decoding of symbols to the sounds they stand 74 . These authorities 75 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is 76 related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 77 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 78 to some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 79 reads.
Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 80 . By some experts they would not be 81 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most 82 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 83 the soundsymbols' code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 84 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 85 widely and enthusiastically. 86 short, reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.
67. [A] substantively [B] substantially [C] substitutively [D] subjectively
68. [A] distributing [B] promoting [C] defining [D] reporting0
69. [A] Although [B] If [C] Unless [D] Until
70. [A] involves [B] takes [C] reveals [D] invites
71. [A] opinions [B] effects [C] manners [D] functions
72. [A] of [B] about [C] for [D] into
73. [A] view [B] look [C] reassure [D] agree
74. [A] by [B] to [C] off [D] for
75. [A] content [B] contend [C] contempt [D] contact
76. [A] inexplicably [B] inexpressibly [C] inextricably [D] inexpediently
77. [A] interpreting [B] telling [C] explaining [D] reading
78. [A] like [B] for [C] according [D] as
79. [A] totally [B] usually [C] mainly [D] actually
80. [A] part [B] entirety [C] chapter [D] section
81. [A] claimed [B] said [C] classified [D] graded
82. [A] inclusive [B] inclinable [C] conclusive [D] complicated
83. [A] break [B] elaborate [C] define [D] unlock
84. [A] purposes [B] degrees [C] stages [D] steps
85. [A] such [B] so as [C] so [D] such as
86. [A] By [B] In [C] On [D] To
三.Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage (排泄) tubes surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, know as tympanostomy, may not be as 62 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 63 as the nation's leading childhood 64 and a new study suggests it's being vastly overused. In 65 more than 6,000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 66 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. "Each year", the researchers write in the current Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), "several hundred thousand children in the
United States may be 67 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 68 ...and may place them at increased 69 ."
Tube placement isn't a 70 risky procedure, but it costs $1,000 to $1,500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 71 . Studies show that the benefits are most likely to 72 the risks if a child's middle ear has produced sticky fluid 73 more than four months despite treatment 74 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is usually a(n) 75 , safer alternative (though drugs, too, can be overused). In the new JAMA study, Kleinman's team reviewed the medical charts of 6,429 kids, all under 16, 76 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making "generous assumptions" about the likely 77 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 78 , since less invasive alternatives were available, 79 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them.
Parents needn't 80 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 81 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year.
62. [A] rare [B] common [C] general [D] abnormal
63. [A] considers [B] alternates [C] ranges [D] ranks
64. [A] operation [B] disease [C] condition [D] injection
65. [A] finding [B] reviewing [C] amending [D] performing
66. [A] controlled [B] conducted [C] legitimated [D] led
67. [A] receiving [B] accepting [C] undertaking [D] initiating
68. [A] disadvantage [B] agreement [C] advantage [D] shortcoming
69. [A] bottom [B] risk [C] edge [D] extent
70. [A]subtly [B] hopefully [C] merely [D] terribly
71. [A] feeling [B] hearing [C] health [D] memory
72. [A] outfit [B] outflow [C] outweigh [D] outgrow
73. [A] for [B] on [C] in [D] to
74. [A] by [B] upon [C] with [D] along
75. [A] expensive [B] faster [C] further [D] cheaper
76. [A] which [B] whose [C] that [D] who
77. [A] risks [B] dangers [C] chances [D] benefits
78. [A] inappropriate [B] favorable [C] preferable [D] inadequate
79. [A] where [B] when [C] whether [D] while
80. [A] outrage [B] panic [C] complain [D] protest
81. [A] lively [B] quickly [C] successfully [D] formally
四.Today, most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel 67 the coast. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other 68 of transport. These 69 make it possible for boats to travel 70 ports along the coast without being 71 to the dangers of the open. Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their 72 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 73 on the coast; still other canals 74 lands where there is too much water, help to 75 fields where there is not enough water, and 76 water power for factories and mills. The
size of a canal 77 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 78 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water 79 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 80 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a 81 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals" 82 they looked the same as canals on earth 83 are viewed from an airplane. However, scientists are now 84 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 85 from space-ships have helped us to 86 the truth about the Martian "canals".
67. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] by
68. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach
69. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths
70. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to
71. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown
72. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D] route
73. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located
74. [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak
75. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate
76. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give
77. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes
78. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance
79. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off
80. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed
81. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply
82. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if
83. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as
84. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive
85. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed
86. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D] discover
五.An adult giraffe's head is about six feet above its heart. This means that to 67 enough blood up to the brain the circulatory 68 must be strong enough to keep the blood at very high pressure. Biologists have known for some time that giraffes solve this problem by having 69 high blood pressure, about 70 that of human beings. But an international team of biologists began to 71 about this. If giraffes have such high blood pressure, they should have a 72 problem with swelling in their legs and feet. Why don't giraffes have swollen feet?
Giraffes should have 73 problem, too. Every time they bend heads 74 to drink, the blood should 75 to their heads and have a hard time 76 back up (when the head is down) to the heart. How come giraffes don't black out when they drink?
The answer to the 77 feet problem, the researchers found, is that giraffes have 78 the researchers call a "natural anti-gravity suit". It 79 out that the skin and other 80 in their legs and feet are 81 stiffer and tougher than those of other 82 . As a result, the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell. Therefore, the blood has nowhere to go but back to the heart. What about blood rushing to the
head 83 the giraffe bends down to drink? The researchers found that the giraffe's jugular vein, which 84 blood from the head back to the heart, has lots of one-way valves in it. In the giraffe's neck, there are lots of muscles that flex and relax repeatedly as the animal moves its head and sucks 85 drinking water. By squeezing the valved jugular vein, they 86 blood moving back to the heart even while the animal is drinking.
67. [A] bring [B] produce [C] transfer [D] pump
68. [A] structure [B] system [C] function [D] organism
69. [A] unusually [B] generally [C] uncomfortably [D] commonly
70. [A] half [B] multiple [C] double [D] pair
71. [A] investigate [B] wonder [C] undertake [D] learn
72. [A] terrible [B] unreliable [C] unsolvable [D] advisable
73. [A] other [B] some [C] others [D] another
74. [A] up [B] down [C] toward [D] aside
75. [A] crush [B] brush [C] push [D] rush
76. [A] following [B] returning [C] plowing [D] pouring
77. [A] healthy [B] swollen [C] dreary [D] radical
78. [A] what [B] where [C] that [D] those
79. [A] reveals [B] indicates [C] figures [D] turns
80. [A] tissues [B] vessels [C] pores [D] organs
81. [A] many [B] very [C] much [D] less
82. [A] giraffes [B] animals [C] people [D] creatures
83. [A] whenever [B] whatever [C] however [D] wherever
84. [A] reflects [B] releases [C] receives [D] carries
85. [A] in [B] up [C] to [D] from
86. [A] permit [B] prevent [C] retain [D] keep
六.To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to 62 the attention and interest of your students: you must be a 63 speaker, with a good, strong, 64 voice which is fully under your control: and you must be able to 65 what you are teaching in order to make its meaning clear. 66 a good teacher and you will see that he does not sit still 67 his class: he stands the whole time when he is teaching; he walks about, using his 68 , hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will 69 the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always 70 according to what he is 71 about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't 72 that he will indeed be able to act 73 on the stage, for there are very important 74 between the teacher's work and the actor's. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart' he has to repeat exactly the 75 words each time he plays a certain part; 76 his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually 77 beforehand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem 78 on the stage.
A good teacher 79 in quite a different way. His students take an active part in his 80 : they ask and answer questions; they obey orders; and if they don't understand something, they will say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his students. He cannot learn his part by heart,
but must 81 it as he goes along.
62. [A] pay [B] hold [C] give [D] know
63. [A] clear [B] slow [C] quick [D] loud
64. [A] frightening [B] exciting [C] fearing [D] pleasing
65. [A] act [B] talk [C] say [D] repeat
66. [A] Listen [B] Watch [C] Look [D] Observe
67. [A] for [B] behind [C] before [D] with
68. [A] tongue [B] words [C] sound [D] arms
69. [A] hear [B] see [C] think [D] guess
70. [A] making [B] changing [C] expressing [D] giving
71. [A] talking [B] thinking [C] hearing [D] saying
72. [A] tell [B] express [C] show [D] mean
73. [A] good [B] badly [C] well [D] actively
74. [A] things [B] differences [C] points [D] jobs
75. [A] different [B] same [C] above [D] following
76. [A] just [B] never [C] ever [D] even
77. [A] read [B] known [C] fixed [D] written
78. [A] natural [B] real [C] false [D] clear
79. [A] is [B] has [C] works [D] teaches
80. [A] group [B] party [C] class [D] play
81. [A] invent [B] discover [C] teach [D] continue
七.Before the 20th century the horse provided day to day transportation in the United States.Trains were used only for long-distance transportation.
Today the car is the most popolar 1 of transportation in all of the United States.It has completely 2 the horse as a means of everyday transportation.Americans use their car for 3 90 percent of all personal 4 .
Most Americans are able to 5 cars.The average price of a 6 made car was ,050 in 1950, , 740 in 1960 and up to , 750 7 1975.During this period American car manufacturers set about 8 their products and work efficiency.
As a result, the yearly income of the 9 family increased from 1950 to 1975 10 than the price of cars.For this reason 11 a new car takes a smaller 12 of a family's total earnings today.
In 1951 13 it took 8.1 months of an average family's 14 to buy a new car.In 1962 a new car 15 8.3 of a family's annual earnings.By 1975 it only took 4.75 16 income.In addition, the 1975 cars were technically 17 to models from previous years.
The 18 of the automobile extends throughout the economy 19 the car is so important to Americans.Americans spend more money to 20 their cars running than on any other item.
1.A.kinds B.means C.mean D.types
2.A.denied B.reproduced C.replaced D.ridiculed
3.A.hardly B.nearly C.certainly D.somehow
4.A.trip B.works C.business D.travel
5.A.buy B.sell C.race D.see
6.A.quickly B.regularly C.rapidly D.recently
7.A.on B.in C.behind D.about
8.A.raising B.making C.reducing D.improving
9.A.unusual B.interested C.average D.biggest
10.A.slowest B.equal C.faster D.less than
11.A.bringing B.obtain C.bought D.purchasing
12.A.part B.half C.number D.side
13.A.clearly B.proportionally C.percentage D.suddenly
14.A.income B.work C.plants D.debts
ed B.spend C.cost D.needed
16.A.months B.dollar s C.family D.year
17.A.famous B.superior C.fastest D.purchasing
18.A.running B.notice C.influence D.discussion
19.A.then B.as C.so D.which
20.A.start B.leave C.keep D.repairCloze Test 34
八.For the past two years, I have been working on students’evaluation of classroom teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversations 71 some 300 students from at 72 twenty one colleges and universities. The students were generally 73 and direct in their comments 74 how course work could be better 75 Most of their remarks were kindly 76—with tolerance rather than bitterness—and frequently were softened by the 77 that the students were speaking 78 some, not all, instructors. Nevertheless, 79 the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel 80 with things as they are in the classroom. Professors should be 81 from reading lecture notes. “It makes their 82 monotonous (单调的).”If they are going to read, why not 83 out copies of the lecture? Then we 84 need to go to class. Professors should 85 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. 86 we’ve read the material, we want to 87 it or hear it elaborated on, 88 repeated.“A lot of students hate to buy a 89 text that the professor has written 90 to have his lectures repeat it.”
71.A.involving B. counting C. covering D. figuring
72.A.best B. least C.length D. large
73.A.reserved B. hard working C. politeD. frank
74.A.over B. at C. On D. of
75.A.presented B. submitted C. described D. written
76.A.received B. addressed C. madeD. taken
77.A.occasion B. truth C. case D. fact
78.A.on B. about C. at D. with
79.A.though B. as C. whether D. if
80.A.dissatisfied B. unsatisfactory C. satisfied D. satisfactory
81.A.interfered B. interruptedC. discouragedD. disturbed
82.A.voices B. sounds C. pronunciation D. gestures
83.A.hold B. leave C. Drop D. give
84.A.couldn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
85.A.refuse B. prohibit C. Prevent D. avoid
86.A.Once B. UntilC. However D. Unless
87.A.remember B. argue C. discuss D.keep
88.A.yet B. notC. And D.or
89.A.desired B. revisedC. Required D.deserved
90.A.about B. how C. But D.only
阅读理解：
一. Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood.
There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), the orangutan(猩猩), the gorilla(大猩猩), and the gibbon(长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.
All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much. However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree.
These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food.
There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weight up to 200 pounds.
Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do.
57. What does the first paragraph tell us?
[A] The ape looks like human beings most.
[B] People and the ape think alike.
[C] People and the ape behave alike.
[D] The ape is the most intellectual animal in the world.
58. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
[A] All apes are brown or black.
[B] All parts of apes' bodies are covered with hair.
[C] Apes have weak legs but very strong arms.
[D] Apes' arms are strong enough to swim.
59. Apes build nests in the trees but seldom sleep there for more than a night or two because ________.
[A] They like to live in small family groups
[B] They like to move from place to place in search of more food
[C] They like to eat eggs, small animals, nuts and insects
[D] it rains too often in the deep forests
60. Among the three kinds of apes, ________.
[A] the gorilla is the biggest
[B] the gibbon is only three feet high but it is heavier than the orangutan
[C] the orangutan is smaller than the gorilla and cleverer than the gibbon
[D] the orangutan can stand up to a great height, but others cannot
61. The last paragraph tells us that ________.
[A] chimpanzees can do better than human children
[B] chimpanzees can do many things that human children cannot do
[C] human children can do many things that chimpanzees cannot do
[D] the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human children
二.Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3~21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded(发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.
A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."
Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative(比喻的)language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.
62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with ________.
[A] genius students from day-care centers to colleges
[B] students who are fond of computer video games
[C] teachers of language in the University of Arizona
[D] students who are either mentally or physically disabled
63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because ________.
[A] its fancy design is very attractive
[B] it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy
[C] the content of it is healthy and promising
[D] it is developed by university professors
64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps ________.
[A] need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts
[B] are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts
[C] are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts
[D] tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"
65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is ________.
[A] handicapped students and their problems
[B] videodisc and special education
[C] computer assisted teaching programs
[D] normal children and handicapped kids
66. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means ________.
[A] habit
[B] disability
[C] misconception
[D] belief。