(广东卷)高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars Warming Up

Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In old times people had a________(理论) that the world was flat.
2．They have almost spent as much as one________(十亿) dollars on this project.
3．Because of the________(猛烈的) natural disaster, a lot of people have lost their lives.
4．People suffering hunger still________(存在) in many parts of the world today.
5．Smoking is________(有害的) to health, but there are still many people picking it up.
6．Some people are still________(迷惑的) about how the computer works.
7．________(不像) what you supposed, only few people attended his birthday party.
8．Man can't live without water and________(氧气)．
9．The sun looks like an orange________(球)．
10．A family­friendly________(气氛) in this hotel makes travelers comfortable.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2013·中山高一检测)One effective way of destroying happiness is to look at something and focus on even the smallest fault.It's like looking at the tiled (铺瓦的) ceiling and concentrating on the space where one tile is __1__.
Once I heard a bald man said，“Whenever I enter a room，all I see is hair.” Once you've __2__what your missing tile is，explore whether acquiring it will __3__make you happy.Then do one of the three things: get it，replace it with a different __4__，or forget about it and __5__the tiles in your life that are not missing.
We all know people who have had a relatively __6__ life，yet are essentially unhappy while people who have suffered a great deal but generally remain happy.
The first __7__is gratitude.All happy people are grateful.Ungrateful people cannot be happy.We tend to think that being unhappy leads people to __8__，but it's truer to say that complaining leads to people becoming unhappy.
The second secret is awareness.We should __9__that happiness is a byproduct of something else.The most obvious __10__are those pursuits that give our lives purpose—anything from studying insects to playing baseball.The more passions we have，the more happiness we are __11__to experience.
Finally，the belief that something permanent goes beyond us and that our __12__has some larger meaning can help us to feel happier.We need a spiritual faith，or a philosophy of life.Whatever your philosophy is，it should __13__this truth: if you choose to find the __14__in every situation，you will be blessed，and if you choose to find the awful，you will be cursed.As for happiness itself，this __15__depends on your decision to make.
1．A.different B．missing
C．short D．broken
2．A.determined B．predicted
C．assumed D．imagined
3．pletely B．naturally
C．hopefully D．really
4．A.tile B．brick
C．ceiling D．house
5．A.go on B．put on
C．focus on D．rely on
6．A.peaceful B．difficult
C．ordinary D．easy
7．A.secret B．factor
C．rule D．key
8．A.upset B．quarrel
C．complain D．depress
9．A.decide B．realize
C．prove D．assume
10．A.sources B．results
C．answers D．goals
11．A.probable B．possible
C．likely D．capable
12．A.value B．destination
C．survival D．existence
13．A.tell B．include
C．absorb D．mean
14．A.worst B．best
C．positive D．negative
15．A.absolutely B．totally
C．exactly D．largely
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However，Halley had a friend named Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圆)．
Now Halley set to work.He figured out(解决；计算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets，as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea！Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction(预言) of what comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it，for he had died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's comet，in his honor.
1．Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of________.
A．some different comets appearing several times
B．the same comet appearing at different times
C．three different comets appearing three times
D．several comets appearing at the same time
2．Halley made his discovery________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
3．Halley made a surprising，but correct prediction in the year________. A．1704 B．1705 C．1706 D．1707
4．This passage in general is about________.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
5．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Newton was a famous mathematician.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．很久以前在地球上存在着体形庞大的动物。

(exist)
_____________________________________________________________
2．现在轮到她为我们表演了。

(turn)
_____________________________________________________________
3．没有人知道这个风俗是何时开始存在的。

(existence)
_____________________________________________________________
4．他讲英语如此清楚以至于总是能被理解。

(so...that...)
_____________________________________________________________
5．他让大家明白开这个会是必要的。

(it)
_____________________________________________________________
课时作业(七)
Ⅰ.1.theory 2.billion 3.violent 4.exist 5.harmful
6．puzzled 7.Unlike 8.oxygen 9.globe 10.atmosphere
Ⅱ.1.B 就像我们在看一个铺瓦的房顶时，总是会盯住缺少(missing)一片瓦的那块地方。

根据第二段第二句话中“what your missing tile is...”也可知此处应选missing。

2．A 一旦断定(determined)你所缺失的是哪一片瓦。

predict“预言”；assume“假设”；imagine“想象”。

故选A项。

3．D 想一想获得它是否真的(really)会令你幸福。

4．A 然后你有三种选择：找到丢了的那块；用另一块不同的瓦片(tile)来代替……
5．C focus on表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于”；go on表示“继续”；put on表示“上演，穿上，戴上”；rely on表示“依赖”。

6．D 我们都认识这样一些人，他们过着相对轻松的(easy)生活，但并不幸福。

7．A 第一个秘诀(secret)是感激。

下段The second secret is...为答案提示。

8．C 我们往往认为，不幸福会导致人牢骚满腹(complain)，而事实是，抱怨令人感到不幸福。

下文but it's truer to say that complaining leads to people becoming unhappy 为答案提示。

9．B 第二个秘诀就是要意识到(realize)幸福是其他事物的副产品。

10．A 它最显而易见的源泉(sources)就是那些给我们的生活以目标的追求。

11．C 我们拥有的激情越多，我们就越有可能(likely)经历更多的幸福。

sb.be likely to do sth.“某人可能做某事”。

12．D 最后，如果你信仰有某种永恒的东西可以超越我们，而且我们的存在(existence)更具有超凡的意义，你就会更幸福。

13．B 不管你的人生哲学是什么，它应该包含(include)这样一个真理。

14．C 如果你在所有的情况下都选择寻找事情积极的(positive)一面，你就会幸福，如果你选择寻找糟糕的一面，那你将厄运缠身。

15．D 就幸福本身而言，它很大程度上(largely)取决于你自身的决定。

absolutely“绝对地”；totally“完全地”；exact ly“准确地”。

故D项符合语境。

Ⅲ.1.B 综合判断题。

根据文章的第四段“He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.”及上文提到的看彗星的时间分别是1531年，1607年，1682年可判断正确答案为B。

2．C 细节理解题。

由文中第三段得知。

3．B 计算题。

文中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year
1758.There were 53 years t o go before Halley's prediction could be tested.”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。

4．D 主旨大意题。

纵观全文，不难看出，文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现。

5．C 综合判断题。

从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第二题的分析中可知B项也错误；牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D。

Ⅳ.1.There existed huge animals on the earth a long time ago.
2．Now it is her turn to give us a performance. 3.No one knows when the custom came into existence. 4.He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood. 5.He made it clear that it is necessary to have the meeting.。