大学英语四级翻译练习

大学英语四级翻译练习，南通上元大学英语四级翻译培训
功夫茶
功夫茶(Gongfu tea)不是一种茶叶或茶的名字，而是一种冲泡的手艺。

人们叫它功夫茶，足因为这种泡茶方式十分讲究：它的操作过程需要一定的技术，以及泡茶和品茶的知识和技能。

功夫茶起源于宋朝，在广东的潮州府(今潮汕地区)一带最为盛行，后来在全国各地流行。

功夫茶以浓度(concentration)高著称。

制作功夫茶主要使用的茶叶足乌龙茶(Oolongtea),因为它能满足功夫茶色、香、味的要求。

参考译文：Gongfu tea
Gongfu tea is not one kind of tea or the name of tea,but a skill of making tea.People call it Gongfu tea for the reason of its exquisite process. The operational procedures require certain techniques, knowledge and skill of brewing and tasting tea. Gongfu tea originated in the Song Dynasty and prevailed mostly in Chaozhou Guangdong Province(Now: Chaoshan Area). It later became popular around the nation. Gongfu tea is famous for its high concentration. Oolong tea is mainly used in making the Gongfu tea because it can meet the requirements of color, flavor and taste of the Gongfu tea.
泰山篇
泰山位于山东省西部。

海拔1500余米,方圆约400平方公里。

泰山不仅雄伟壮观,而且是一座历史文化名山,过去3000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方。

据记载,共有72位帝王曾来此游览。

许多作家到泰山获取灵感,写诗作文,艺术家也来此绘画。

山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。

泰山如今已成为中国一处主要的旅游景点。

参考译文：Mountain Tai
Mountain Tai , 2,700 m above sea level and 400 square kilometers, which is located in the western part of China. It enjoys not only the magnificent sight, but the high reputation for its historical culture. Mountain Tai is a place of worship for pilgrims for 3,000 thousand years.
According to the record, it was visited by 72 emperors in total. Many writers obtain inspiration and compose poems and compositions by visiting Mountain Tai. Besides, artists also draw paintings here. Consequently, there are a lot of cultural relics and historic sites. Nowadays, Mountain Tai has become one of the most well-known tourist attractions in China.
竹文化
中国因其国宝(national treasure)—熊猫—而闻名于世。

熊猫的食物竹子—也深受中国人民的喜爱。

中国是世界上拥有竹子最多的国家，被称为竹子的王国。

竹文化长久以来深深根植于中国人的思想中。

对中国人民来说，竹子是美德的象征。

它反映了人的灵魂和情感。

中国古代的学者对竹子非常敬重。

这就解释了为什么历史上有那么多的著作和绘画都是以竹为主题的。

参考译文：
China is worldwide famous for its national treasure, the pandas.The panda's food, bamboo, is also favored by Chinese people.It is known as the Kingdom of Bamboo possessing more bamboos than any other country in the world. Bamboo culture has been rooted in Chinese people's minds for a long time.To the Chinese people, bamboo is a symbol of virtue, which reflects people's souls and emotions.Ancient Chinese scholars looked up with great respect to bamboo.This explains why there are so many writings and paintings dedicated to the plant throughout history.
中国桥梁
中国的桥梁建设有着悠久的历史。

中国古代桥梁以木材和石头为主要建筑材料,形式多样，极富特色。

中国现存最古老的桥梁为隋代建造的安济桥，位于河北省赵县。

安济桥又名赵州桥，桥长50.82米，桥宽9米，为国家重点保护的文物(cultural relic)。

清朝末年，兰州黄河铁桥建成，标志着中国桥梁建设进入了以钢铁和混凝土(concrete)为主要材料的时期。

如今，中国的桥梁建设保持着多项世界记录，中国跻身于世界桥梁建设强国行列。

参考译文：
China boasts a long history in bridge construction.With wood and stone as the major buildingmaterials, Chinese ancient bridges vary in forms andare highly distinct.Constructed in the Sui Dynasty, Anji Bridge, which is located in Zhao County, HebeiProvince, is the oldest existing bridge in China.Anji Bridge, also named Zhaozhou Bridge, is akey national protected cultural relic measuring a length of 50.82 meters and a width of 9meters.In the late years of the Qing Dynasty, Huanghe Iron Bridge in Lanzhou was completed,symbolizing that China's bridge construction stepped into an era of adopting steel andconcrete as the main materials for bridges.Now, bearing many world records, China standsamong world giants in bridge construction.
1.第二句中的“以……为主要建筑材料”可处理为状语，用介词短语with……as the major building materials表达，而“中国古代桥梁”宜译为“形式多样，极富特色”的
主语，谓语部分“形式多样，极富特色”可处理为并列内容，用and连接，表达为vary in forms and are highly distinct.
2.第三句“中国现存最古老的桥梁…位于河北省赵县”的定语较多，可以拆译成两句。

首先译出主要结构Anji Bridge is the bridge，“现存最古老的”有两个形容词，英语中的比较级或最高级形容词通常在其他形容词之前，故译为oldest existing.“隋代建造的”可处理为过去分词短语constructed in the Sui Dynasty 或which引导的定语从句。

3.第四句的主干是“安济桥为国家重点保护的文物”，故把“又名赵州桥”处理为插入语also named…;将“桥长50.82米，桥宽9米”处理为伴随状态的状语，用分词短语measuring a length of…and a width of…译出。

4.倒数第二句中的“兰州黄河铁桥”与“建成”之间是被动关系，翻泽时需把“建成”译为被动式wascompleted.“标志着中国…”是结果，故可处理为状语，用现在分词短语symbolizing that…表达。

定语“以钢铁和混凝土为主要材料的”较长，可处理为后置定语，用现在分词短语adopting…as the main materials 表达，也可用介词短语with…as the main materials翻译。

西湖( the west lake)
杭州最著名的景点是西湖( the west lake)。

西湖是人造湖泊,是根据中国人喜爱的休闲式的花园风格公园而建造的。

十个世纪以来,西湖一直被中国的文人墨客( men of letters)视为精神家园。

宋代诗人苏轼把西湖比作中国古代最美丽的女人西子。

中国古代人民将西湖周围的区域誉为神奇美丽的土地。

在现代,西湖被视为杭州的骄傲,被人们当作躲开城市喧器( the hust| e and bustle)的好地方。

参考翻译
The most famous attraction in hangzhou is the west lake West lake is man - made and created after chinese people ' s love for recreational garden style parks . for ten centuries , it nas always been regarded as the spiritual home by chinese men of letters . su shi , a poet in the song dynasty , compared West lake to xi zi the most beautiful woman in ancient China ancient chinese people praised the area around west Lake as a miraculous and beautiful land . in modern times westLake is taken as the pride of hangzhou , and a perfect spot to escape the hustle and bustle of the city.
翻译解析
1.西湖是人造湖泊,是根据中国人喜爱的休闲式的花因风格公园而建造的:“人造”可用man-made表示。

2.十个世纪以来,西湖一直被中国的文人墨客视为精神家园:“文人墨客”是个极具中国特色的词汇,翻译为 men ofletters。

3.中国古代人民将西湖周围的区域誉为神奇美丽的土地"神奇美丽的土地”可用 miraculous and bcautiful land表示。

其中 miraculous意为“神奇的”。

神话
尽管中国古代神话(mythology)没有十分完整的情节，神话人物也没有系统的家谱(genealogy)，但它们却有着鲜明的东方文化特色，其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神(the spirit of esteeming virtue)。

这种尚德精神在与西方神话特别是希腊神话比较时，显得更加突出。

在西方神话尤其是希腊神话中，对神的褒贬标准多以智慧、力量为准则，而中国古代神话对神的褒贬则多以道德为准绳。

这种思维方式深植于中国的文化之中。

几千年来，这种尚德精神影响着人们对历史人物的品评与现实人物的期望。

参考译文：
Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological figures don't have systematic genealogy, they have distinct features
of oriental culture, among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant.When compared with Western mythology, especially Greek mythology, this spirit of esteeming virtue is even more prominent.In Western mythology, especially Greek mythology,the criteria for judging whether a god is good or not are mostly the god's wisdom and strength,while in ancient Chinese mythology, the criterion lies in morality. This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.For thousands of years, this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected people's comments on historical figures and expectations of real people.
太极拳( Tai chi)
太极拳( Tai ch)是一系列缓慢的动作,旨在修炼身心。

它就像是一种舞蹈,却不需要你随音乐起舞,而是需要你向内看,聆听内心的节奏。

它创自数千年前,原本是一种武术( martial art)—种自卫的技艺。

然而,它的武术方面如今不太流行了。

目前全世界成干上万人练习它,主要是由于它对于人类健康的神奇作用。

它将身体动作与平静、冥想的( meditatⅳve)心理状态结合起来,所以也被称作“冥想运动（meditation in motion)"。

参考翻译
Tai chi is a series of slow movements which areaimed at trainning us physically and mentally . it isjust like a dance that requires you to look inside anddance to the internal rhythms stead of music . itwas created thousands of years ago as a martial art and specifically as a defensive art . however nowadays its martial aspect is not that popular . it is practiced by thousands ofpeople around the world mostly because of its miraculous effects on human ' s health . it is oftencalled meditation in motion " because it combines the body ' s movements with the calm and meditative state of mind
翻译解析
1.修炼身心可译为 train us physically and menta|yy或者译为 train the body and mind 此处译文的us为补译的内容,为的是使英语句子结构完整。

2.随音乐起舞应译为 dance to the music其中 dance to是一种固定表达方式,表示“随着.起舞”之意。

3.一种自卫的技艺应译为 a defensive art。

这里的“技艺”指“手脚灵巧,有技能”,所以不能翻译成 technique。

4.它对于人类健康的神奇作用:翻译为 Its miracu| ous effects on human' s health,其中要注意与 effects搭配使用的介词为on。

5.将结合起来对应的英文表达为 combine.with。

饺子
饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。

相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。

饺子的制作是包括： 1) 擀皮、2) 备馅、3) 包馅水煮三个步骤。

其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，
百食不厌。

民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。

中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。

对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。

翻译译文
Dumplings Dumplings are one of the Chinese people’s favorite traditional dishes. According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint---Zhang Zhongjing. There are three steps involved in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour; 2) prepare the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplings and boil them. With thin and elastic dough skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are worth eating hundreds of times. There’s an old saying that claims, “Nothing could be more delicious than dumplings”. During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings. To Chinese people who show high reverence for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.。