2023上海名校高中自主招生英语模拟试题02(原题版)-上海名校高中自主招生英语黄金宝典

一、语法
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once
B. If
C. Although
D. Because
2. Every morning he spends________ hour doing exercise, then he goes to________ work.
A. a ;a
B. an; /
C. a; /
D. an; the
3. "You __ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here. "
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. would
4. Yesterday I broke my favourite watch, and now I have to get it________.
A. repaired
B. repairing
C. repair
D. to repair
5. My parents________ in Shandong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere, else.
A. lived
B. will live
C. were living
D. live
6. The money will be used to help the people________ homes were lost in the earthquake.
A. what
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
7. Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
A. were displaying
B. are displaying
C. were being displayed
D. are being displayed
8. Mr. Black walked around and offered help________ we were doing an experiment.
A. while
B. although
C. until
D. unless
9. ________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team shouted happily.
A. To throw
B. Throwing
C. Thrown
D. Being thrown
10. We live in an age________ more information is available more easily than ever before.
A. why
B. to whom
C. when
D. on which
11. Did you tidy your room?
No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors.
A. had
B. have
C. have had
D. will have
12. Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
Great! You ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must
B. should
C. must have
D. should have
13. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
14. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years.
A. spared
B. protected
C. preserved
D. developed
15. As a new diplomat. he often thinks of ______ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
二、词汇填空
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
When it es to innovative countries, we always think of places like the US, the UK and Germany. However, Israel is also a(n) ___1____ leader in innovation. According to the World Economic Forum’s global petitiveness Report 2016 2017, Israel is the second most innovative nation in the world, just after Switzerland.
Many of us may not be aware, but technologies ___2____ in Israel have changed our lives. For example, antivirus software that protects our puters was ___3____ developed in Israel in the 1970s, according to The Telegraph. In addition, ____4____ on our mobile phones such as voicemail and SMS were also developed in Israel.
So it es as no surprise that Israel plans to use its innovative strength to ___5____ the cooperation with China in the Belt and Road Initiative. As long as Israel is needed, it will spare no effort to ___6____ to the project, said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during his visit to China in March, according to Xinhua News Agency.
Many Israeli environmental technology panies have already set up facilities in Shandong province, ____7____ Israeli techniques to many areas such as recycling water for agricultural use, reported the Times of Israel.
Founded on very dry land, Israel had been ____8____ about water for a very long time. However, in recent years, the quality and quantity of water in Israel have been improved, with the help of techniques that turn Mediterranean seawater and wastewater into usable water.
In fact, such innovations have led to more and more Chinese students ____9____ quality higher education in Israel. “When Chinese students who study here go back home, they will be in ____10____ to influence ChinaIsrael relationships in the future,” Emma Afterman, manager of Israel China Academic Relations at the Council for Higher Education, told the Jerusalem Post.
三、完形填空
It’s been five years since I came to America. The year before I arrived, every weekend I was woken up by “Spring River in the Flower Moon Night”, ____1____ by my mother on a Zheng.
My mom was always enchanted (着迷) by the beauty of Chinese traditional music, ____2____ she never had the chance to learn a(n) ____3____. In 2009, she got a Zheng from a friend and has been playing and performing ever since. Sometimes when I ____4____ her, I search for the song she used to play on the Internet. I ____5____ expected to hear them here in Boston.
Earlier this year, as I ____6____ a new apartment, I met Zhan Tao Lin. the director of the Boston Chinese Musicians Association. At Lin’s house, I heard the ____7____ of the erhu. Lin later ____8____ me to his music team and I heard then rehearse (排练) for a ____9____ this year. It was beautiful and powerful—it _____10_____ brought me back to my hometown in China.
1．A．played B．directed C．written D．invented
2．A．and B．but C．or D．so
3．A．trade B．instrument C．language D．trick
4．A．mention B．hate C．call D．miss
5．A．only B．still C．never D．already
6．A．looked after B．looked at C．looked up D．looked for
7．A．sound B．story C．name D．cry
8．A．followed B．ordered C．introduced D．guided
9．A．petition B．performance C．game D．conference 10．A．secretly B．recently C．suddenly D．usually
四、阅读理解
A
Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas get clean drinking water.
They developed a lowcost gel film(凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity(潮湿), one kilogram of gel can collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air consume lots of energy and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a big improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be molded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
“This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices(取水装置)at home that they can easily operate.”
“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the production, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
1．What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2?
A．It can increase the humidity of the air.
B．It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C．It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D．It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
2．What is Guihua Yu’s attitude towards the new waterharvesting method?
A．Indifferent.B．Skeptical.
C．Disapproving.D．Hopeful.
3．What does the underlined word “straightforward” in last paragraph mean?
A．easy.B．straight.C．frank .D．cheap
4．What will scientists plan to do next?
A．Develop a thicker gel.
B．Produce the gel on a large scale.
C．Raise money for further research.
D．Teach people to make the gel at home.
B
For late 19thcentury North Americans and Europeans, a display of tableware (餐具)could reveal much about someone’s social position, as the wealthy took great care to get different kinds of forks for everything. Before the 18th century, people of all classes usually ate with a knife and a spoon.
The fork’s path to the table was hardwon and slow. In ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, forks were used for slicing food into pieces or lifting meat from a pot or fire.
Following a reduction in size, the fork appeared to have entered dining areas in the courts of the Middle East and Byzantine Empire by the eighth and ninth centuries, and became mon among wealthy families there by the tenth century. Early in the 11th century, it appeared in various pieces of European art. In the late 11th century, St.Peter Damian from Ostia wrote about a Byzantine princess who used forks and regarded her dying of a disease as punishment for such “luxury”.
The fork’s slow conquest of Europe was carried out from Italy. Motivated by the same concerns for hygiene(卫生)，forks were bought by wealthy Britons，inspired by Queen Victoria, who regarded fork use as a sign of good manners.
The fork’s introduction to North America dates back to 1633, when John Winthrop, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was gifted a set of forks. The Industrial Revolution strengthened the fork’s presence on dining room tables as production of flatware became less expensive. Writing in 1896 inSocial Eriquere，Maud C．Cooke declared the fork had finally conquered the knife in America and “any attempt to give the knife importance at table is looked upon as an offense(冒犯)against good taste.”
5．What can we learn about forks from paragraph1?
A．They were used improperly in the 18th century.
B．They had many different types in the 19th century.
C．They were popular in Europe before the 18th century.
D．They led to North American’s rise in social position.
6．What was a function of forks in ancient Egypt?
A．To eat food.B．To decorate tables.
C．To cut food.D．To create works of art.
7．Who was against the use of forks?
A．St.Peter Damian.B．Thomas Coryate.
C．Queen Victoria D．Maud C．Cooke.
8．What marked the beginning of the fork’s introduction to North America?
A．The appearance of flatware
B．The start of the Industrial Revolution.
C．John Winthrop receiving forks as presents.
D．Maud C．Cooke writing Social Etiquette.
C
Some people think if you are happy, you are blind to reality. But when we research it, happiness actually raises every single business and educational oute for the brain. How did we miss this? Why do we have these social misunderstandings about happiness? Because we assumed you were average. When we study people, scientists are often interested in what the average is.
Many people think happiness is genetic. That’s only half the story, because the average person does not fight their genes. When we stop studying the average and begin researching positive outliers people who are above average for a positive aspect like optimism or intelligence a wildly different picture appears. Our daily decisions and habits have a huge impact upon both our levels of happiness and success.
Scientifically, happiness is a choice. It is a choice about where your single processor brain will devote its limited resources as you process the world. If you scan for the negative first, your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded(嵌入) in your work. But if you scan the world for the positive, you start to acquire an amazing advantage.
I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on “Happiness Leads to Profits”. Based on my article called “Positive Intelligence” and my research in The Happiness Advantage, I summarized our researched conclusion: the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a happy and busy workforce.
A decade of research in the business world proves that happiness raises nearly every business and educational oute: increasing sales by 37%, productivity by 31%, and accuracy on tasks by 19%, as well as a number of health and qualityoflife improvements.
9．The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A．the fact that people are happy
B．the connection between happiness and educational oute
C．the fact that people often misunderstand happiness
D．the fact that most people are average
10．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Scientists are only interested in what the average is.
B．You can choose to be happy or not.
C．The average are not happy at all.
D．Our decisions and habits have nothing to do with happiness.
11．Why does the writer mention his articles and research?
A．To advertise himself.
B．To arouse the readers’ interest.
C．To support his point about happiness.
D．To attract the readers to read his articles.
12．What is the author’s purpose of writing this article?
A．To describe the misunderstandings about happiness.
B．To show people the importance of happiness.
C．To make the point of what business and educational oute lies in.
D．To make the point that happiness promotes business and educational oute.
D
Have you ever yelled at your puter because it wasn’t working? Your puter couldn’t “yell” back until now. AI researchers are now working on puters that can argue and perhaps even win debates with humans.
IBM scientists published a paper in Nature on March 17 about their new AI system Project Debater. It can debate with people independently in front of live audiences. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. It looks for ideas that can support its own argument.
Testing on the system began in 2019 when it debated with Harish Natarajan, a professional debater who holds the world record for most debate petition victories. The debate topic was whether or not preschool should be subsidized(给. . . . . 补助), and the AI system argued in favor of this idea. Although the AI lost the debate in the end based on the audience vote, the audience said it did very well. Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic, while only 20 percent said the same about Natarajan. Also, Project Debater has shown strength at making impressive and logical opening statements in the debate, according to Scientific American.
After peting with various human debaters, the AI system’s overall performance remains inferior(逊色的), “fully capable of sounding awkward during an argument, ” noted Scientific American.
In other words, the backandforth arguments in the AI system’s debates don’t sound like a real human conversation. “On stage, Project Debater is far from perfect, and its missteps (过失) reveal just how difficult and how human argumentation and debate are, ” said puter scientist Chris Reed of the University of Dundee in the UK.
Humans and technology have been facing off for decades. In 1997, IBM’s Deep Blue became the first puter to defeat a reigning(卫冕的)chess champion, besting titan (巨人)Garry Kasparov in a sixgame match. So after two decades, have IBM’s researchers just reproduced a “Deep Blue” to debate? It’s much more than that, the researchers noted. Argument and debate are fundamental(基本的)capabilities(能力) of human intelligence, and it’s a step outside of AI’s fort zone to enter this realm(领域), according to the article in Nature.
13．How can Project Debater debate with humans?
A．By learning from humans.
B．By making use of its internal data.
C．By listening to researchers’ instructions.
D．By collecting a lot of data in a short time.
14．What did the majority of the audience think about the performance of Project Debater in the testing? A．It made them more aware of the topic.
B．Its statements were not logical enough.
C．Its overall performance was better than Natarajan’s.
D．Its opening statements were boring.
15．What do paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about?
A．The disadvantages of Project Debater.
B．Project Debater’s petitions with other human debaters.
C．The application of the A system in the future.
D．Challenges facing the AI system and human debaters.
16．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．Project Debater is considered an updated version of Deep Blue.
B．Humans have an advantage over AI in debating.
C．AI has a long way to go before it can win against humans.
D．AI technology hasn’t progressed much in the last decades.
五、阅读七选五
Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Culture Insider: Chopsticks
Simple Ways to Improve Y our Written English
There are many different aspects of learning English such as listening, speaking and writing.Many people think it is really difficult to improve their writing in English. Don’t worry, though. ___1____·Increase your vocabulary
To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. ____2____, and it also means actually being able to use them correctly. So it’s a good idea to enlarge your vocabulary by using them in your writing
·____3____
People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different writing styles.
Reading shouldn’t be boring. ____4____, and remember the beautiful words from them. Finally, use them in your writing.
·Double check your writing
____5____ The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar points you are studying at the moment.
·Just do it
Remember, practice makes perfect! The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions of each text.。