人教版初二(上)英语第18讲：unit9语法篇(学生版)-张晶

Unit 9语法篇
学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。

情态动词用法归纳
情态动词有can (could)，may (might)，must，have to, shall (should，will (would) ，dare (dared)，
need (needed)，ought to等。

情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语
一、can，could
1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。

Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)
Mary can speak three Ianguages.(知识)
Can you skate?(技能)
此时可用be able to代替。

Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。

I ' ll not be able to come this after noon.
当表示经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。

如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2)表示请求和允许。

——Can I go now?
——Yes，you can. / No，you can ' t.
此时可与may互换。

在疑问句中还可用could，
might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

——Could I come to see you tomorrow?
---- Yes，you can. ( No，I ' m afraid not.)
3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。

They ' ve cha nged the timetable so we can go by bus in stead.
第1页/共18页
t have to This hall can hold 500 people at least.
4）表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

Can this be true?
This can ' t be done by him.
How can this be true?
二、 may ， might
1）表示请求和允许。

might 比may 语气更委婉，而不是过去式。

否定回答时可用
can ' t 或mustn 表示不可以，禁止”。

----Might/ May I smoke in this room?
——No ， you mustn ' t.
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
——Yes ， you can. （No ， you can ' t / mustn ' t.）
用May I... ?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用 Can I... ?在口语中更常见。

2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

May you succeed!
3）表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。

might 不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比 may 小。

1. He may /might be very busy now.
2. Your mother may /might not know the truth.
三、 must , have to
1）表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.
在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用 mustn '（禁止，不准），而用
needn : t don ' （不必）.
——Must we hand in our exercise books today?
——Yes , you must.
——No , you don ' t have to / you needn ' t.
四dare, n eed
1) dare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

2.
3. How dare you say I ' m unfair?
He daren ' t speak English before such a crowd dare he?
If we dared not go there that day, we couldn ' t get the beautiful flowers.
2) n eed作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。

在肯定句中一般用should 代替。

must, have to , ought to ,
1. You needn ' t come so early.
2. ---- Need I finish the work today?
——Yes , you must. / No , you needn ' t.
3) dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。

在肯定句中,
定式。

在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带疋■式。

to或不带to的不定式。

而
dare后面常接带to的不
need后面只能接带to的不
1.1 dare to swim across this river.
2. He doesn ' t dare (to) answer.
3. He n eeds to finish his homework today.
1.【2019年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】Look! The traff ic light has turned red. We stop
A. can
B. can ' t
C. must
D. mustn ' t
be in the classroom, I thi nk.
2) must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要。

Must只有一般现在时，have to有更多的时态形式。

1.he play isn ' t interestirigeally must go now.
2.I had to work whe n I was your age.
3)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)
1.You' re Tom ' s good friendso you must know what he likes best.
2.Your mother must be wait ing for you now.
our car.
2.【贵州省安顺市2019年中考英语试题】一He
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will —No , you A. can ' t B. mustn '
t C.needn ' t D. shouldn ' t 5.【2019浙江省杭州市中考英语试题】 Harry ' s been driving all day-- he be tired. A.need B. can C. shall D. must 中考训练 1. 【北京市2019年中考英语试题】 -Jack 2. 3. A. can
B. may 【海南省2019年中考英语试题】 A. can 't B. should 【河北省2019年中考英语试题】 A. may B. can't 基础演练
C. need you ride a bike? - Ye , I can.
D. must Mr. Zhou can ' t find his ID card any where. It be lost. C. must There's an importa nt football match today. I C. must D. need n't miss it. —No , he _____________ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can ; may not B. must ; may not C. may ; mustn 't D. may ; can 't 3. 【山东省泰安市 2019 年中考英语试题】 Nowadays .all passengers
go through safety check before take a trai n.
A. may
B. can
C. must
4. —You 4.【德州市二 O —五年初中学业水平考试
英语试题】 一Mr. Wang , must I come again to clean the classroom on Sun
day? .I have asked Kate to do it.
【黑龙江省龙东地区 2019年中考英语试题】 一What about going swimming this afternoon? be joking! Don't you know I'm afraid of water?
A. must
B.need
C. may
D. should
—My school is far away. I
take the bus to school.
A. must
B. might
C. have to
10.【山东省青岛市 2019年中考英语试题】You
retur n the book now. You can keep it un til n ext A. have to
B. can ' t
C. mustn ' t
D. needn
11.【山东省烟台市 2019年中考英语试题】一 I complete the composition today ,
sir?
5. 【湖北省孝感市 2019年中考英语试题】 一Dick, ________________ I use your e-dictionary?
—Yes , sure. _________________ you give it to David after you use it?
A. will ; Would
B. may ; Might
C. can ; Could
D. shall ; Should
6. 【湖南省张家界市 2019年中考英语试题】 You __________ t ell anybody about this
---- it ' s a secret. A. can B. must C. mustn _|' t
7. 【江苏省常州市 2019 年中考英语试题】 ---Who will give us the speech on public manners?
---Mr. Brown __________ ， but rm not sure.
A.ca n
B. n eed
C. must
D. might
8. 【江苏省盐城市 2019 年中考英语试题】 --Do you have any plans for this summer vacation?
--I'm n ot sure. I _____ take a trip to Taiwa n.
9. 【山东省荷泽市 2019年中考英语试题】一 How do you usually go to school?
week if you like.
—No , you needn ' t. You may
tomorrow morni ng.
A. Can , ha nd it in
B.May , ha nd in it
C. Must, ha nd it in
D. Need , hand in it
12.【上海市2019 年中考英语试题】Martin was so busy _____________ he old that he gave up his part -time job.
A .helpi ng
B .helped
C .to help D. help
13.【上海市2019 年中考英语试题】-Mum ________________ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow?
--I ' m afraid you can ' t . It is closed on Mon day .
A.must
B. may
C. should
D. n eed
巩固提高
用can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的适当形式填空：
1.You ______________________ r eturn the library book on time.
2.I _________________ （not） find the way to the hospital. _________________ y ou show me the way?
3.——___________________ I finish the work right now?
—No，you _______________________ （no t）. You _____________ do it later.
4.He said he _____________________ （not） come toni ght.
5.Her mother was ill. She _____________________ stay at home and look after her.
6.I have to study for a test.（变为否定句）
I _______________________ _______________________ ________________________ study for a test.
7.They can go to the concert.（改为一般疑问句）
_______________________ they ________________________ to the con cert?
8.Can Mary go to your birthday party?（作出否定回答）
9.I often visit my aunt on Sun days.（用the day after tomorrow 改写句子）
I _______________________ _______________________ my
aunt _____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________ .
10.Joe has to go to the doctor because he has the flu.僦划线部分提问）
________________________________________________ Joe ___________________________ to go to the doctor?
一、单项选择（共15小题；共15.0分）
1.Lily likes play ing _________________________ pia no, and she has _______________________________ pia no less on every
Sun day.
A.the; the
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. /; a
2.--- What are you doi ng?
---I'm studying ___________________________ my math test ____________________________ Tuesday morning.
A.at; on
B. for; on
C. for; at
D. on; for
3.My sister went to work without _____________________________ breakfast this morning.
A.eati ng
B. to eat
C. eats
D. ate
4.I don't like liv ing in this city .In autu mn there's __________________________ wind and the weather is
always _________________________ cold in winter.
A. too much; much too
B. too much; too much
C.much too; too much
D. much too; much too
5.--- Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
---I'm afraid I ___________________________ . I have to look after my gran dpare nts.
A. would n't
B. can't
C. wo n't
D. must n't
6. You can .the swimming club first ,and the n you can the
swimmi ng game.
A. join ; take part in
B. take part in ; joi n
C. take part in ; take part in
D. join ; join
7. --- _______________________ I finish my homework now?
-No ,you .Your work is over today.
A. Can't; must
B. Must; don't have to
C. May; could n't
D. Could n't; could
8.—?
-It's Mo nday the 5th.
A. How are you today
B. What time is it
C. What's the date today
D. What's today
9. --- Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sun day?
---I'd love to. But I __________________________ play table tennis against Class Three.
A. am going
B. am going to
C. am
D. going to
10.--- Jenny, would you please _________________________________ my dog when I am away?
---No problem.
A. look up
B. look in
C. look at
D. look after
11.--- How about havi ng a pic nic this weeke nd?
---Sorry , I am going to America for a meeting. Let's make it ______________________________________ time.
A. other's
B. the other
C. ano ther
D. other
12.The fans were ___________________________ to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston.
A. glad
B. angry
C. excited
D. surprised
13.--- 1 can't find David. Where is he?
---He for tomorrow's competiti on at home.
A. prepares
B. is prepari ng
C. has prepared
D. prepared
in a writing competition?
A. joins
B. to joi ning
C. to join
D. joi ning
B. It's a pleasure
C. Con gratulati ons 14. Will you please in vite him
15. --- I had a pleasa nt weeke nd on the farm.
A. Oh , that's very nice of you D. rm glad to hear that
二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）
rm going to have a party at home tomorrow evenin g. I told my mother that she n eed n't do ______________________________
16 ___________ for me. This time I _________________
U _ __________ to do everything by myself. I hope to _____________________
18 ___________ the party a nice one. I ____________ 19 ___________ invitations to all my good friends this morning. Now rm thinking about ________________________ 20 ___________ I should do tomorrow. I need to clean my house _________________________ 21 ___________ decorate （装饰）it
tomorrow morning. Tomorrow after noon I n eed to do some shopp in g. I pla n to ______________________________
22
_________ some snacks 小吃）, drinks and fruits. There are too many things to do , so I think it __________________________ 23 _________ be a very busy day for me tomorrow.
The party will begin _________________ 24 ___________ 6:30 p.m. I will be ________________ 25 ___________ to play with my
friends. Oh , I can't wait! 16. A. anything B. someth ing C. everyth ing D. nothing
17. A. ask B. take C. decide D. get
18. A. bring B. give C. let D. make
19. A. send B. sent C. have D. had
20. A. whe n B. why C. what D. which
21. A. but B. so C. or D. and
A. buy
B. sell
C. take
D. eat
22.
23. A. can B. must C. may not D. can't
24. A. on B. in C. at D. from
25. A. surpris ing B. surprised C. excit ing D. excited
三、阅读理解（共9小题；共18.0分）
A
When you have a dinner party , what should you do? The following will help you.
Try to ope n the door for each guest. If some one else an swers the door , go to welcome your guests as soon as you can. Always offer to take their coats and ask , "Would you like me to take your coat?"
People ofte n bring gifts like flowers or chocolates to a dinner party. Be ready to receive（接受）the gifts if they do. Get a vase so that you can put the flowers in water.
Never leave a guest unattended（没人照顾的）, especially when there is only one guest! If there is more tha n one, they can talk to each other.
If the party is at home , a good idea is to have a toilet sign for people who don't know your house.
If the party is somewhere else, like a restaura nt, try not to be too loud , because not every one in the restaura nt is at your party.
26.If others answer the door, you should _________________________________ .
A.go to receive their prese nts
B.leave them talk freely
C.go to welcome your guests as soon as possible
D.close the door for them
27.If people bring gifts to your dinner party , you should _________________________________
A. help them put the gifts on the table
B.be ready to receive them
C.get a vase
D.put the flowers in water
28.If there is only one guest , you should _______________________________
A. make him/her sit at a table
B.make him/her wait un til you are free
C.n ever leave him/her un atte nded
D.n ever talk to him/her
29.If you have the party at home , you should _________________________________
A.in vite lots of people
B.try to be loud
C.talk with each other
D.have a toilet sig n for people who don't know your house
30.If you have the party in a restaura nt , you should ________________________________ .
A. try not to be too loud
B. have a toilet sig n for people
C. atte nd every one
D. talk to every one
In the U.S., the most popular way to welcome the new year is with a big party. Some parties are at private homes. But i n recent years , it has become more and more com mon for America ns to go to a hotel or eating-place on the night of December 31st. There , they can eat a big dinner, drink champagne , and dance to orchestra music.
Most New Year's parties are usually noisy. People shout and sing. And often , guests blow on small no isemakers whe n the new year arrives at midni ght. This traditi on of no ise making is believed to start centuries ago. People thought that loud sounds would drive away the bad spirits of the old year.
The biggest, noisiest New Year's party in the U.S. takes place in Times Square in New York.
Thousands of people gather（聚集）there. Some of them ring bells and set fireworks. Others blow whistles of car horns（喇叭）.And at twelve o'clock , they begin to cheer as an electric sign in the shape of a red apple lights up on top of a tall buildi ng.
The Times Square celebrati on in cludes ano ther well-k nown America n traditi on. Si nee 1929 , the band
of musicia n Guy Lombardo has give n a concert on New Year's Eve. Guy Lombardo died in 1977. But ,
Bill Lombardo , has kept the tradition alive with a band concert at a New York city hotel. When the crowds in Times Square start cheering the arrival of the new year , television cameras show the band
play ing the song Auld Lang Syne.
31.The most usual way to welcome the new year in the U.S. is ______________________________________ .
A.to go shopp ing
B. to meet friends
C. to travel abroad
D. to hold a big party
32.The biggest New Year's party in the U.S. is _________________________________ .
A. in Cen tral Park
B. in Hollywood
C. in Times Square
D. in Disn eyla nd
33.I n the past, some America n people made big no ise whe n the new year arrived ____________________________________________
A.to express their frien dship
B.to drive away the bad spirits
C.to make others more excited
D.to give best wishes to each other
34.In 1929 a concert on New Year's Eve was given by _____________________________________
A.the band of Guy Lombardo
B.the band of Bill Lombardo
C.the band of Joha nn Strauss
D.the band of Elvis Aaron Presley
四、阅读与表达（表格式）（共5小题；共10.0 分）
Hi , every one! I'm Mary. I'm havi ng a busy week! Mon day is my dad's birthday. My family is havi ng a big party for him in the eve nin g. I have to sing Christmas Carols on Tuesday. I think it will be great fun. On Wednesday I'm going to the Rotary Meeting , so I have to wake up at 5:30 a.m. At night I'm going to the party for Girl Guides. Rick is coming to my house on Thursday morning. We are study ing together for a test in the after noon. On Friday I have to go to school and I'm giv ing Christmas prese nts to my friends and teachers. I hope they love them! On Saturday I'm having two parties — a Kids Christmas Party in the morni ng and a City Party at ni ght (My mom works at City Hall). I don't have anything to do on Sun day morning , so I pla n to get up late because rm sure ni be tired after Saturday ni ght. I n the after noon , rm gett ing ready for a new week.
根据短文内容，完成表格。

每空不多于3个词。

五、单词拼写（单句首字母填空）（共5小题；共5.0分）
40.The stude nts are prepari ng for the scie nee e ____________________________ .
41.Mary is going back to England. Let's say g ________________________________ to her.
42.I won't go u ________________________ you come back.
walk to school every day?
43. C ______________________ the ball , Jim.
44. Everyone is very s __________________________ to hear that surprising news.
六、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)(共5小题；共5.0 分)
45. The ________________________ (prepare) for the party took hours.
46. This _______________________ (invite) to the meeting is for Gina.
47. Can you come to the _____________________________ (open) of Library ， Mr. Wang?
48. My sister looks forward to _____________________________ (fly) to the moon one day.
49. Dale refused __________________________ (tell) me about it and I don't know what to do.
七、按要求转换句型(共5小题；共10.0分)
50. My brother has to walk to school every day.(改为一般疑问句 )
______________________ your brother
51. --- Can she go to the con cert this eve ning?(作否定回答)
______________________ ， she _________________________
52.We can go to the mall on the 14th.（对划线部分提问）
_______________________________________________ you go to the mall?
53._________________ I'm playing tennis with Jim on Saturday.（对划线部分提问） are you on Saturday?
54.He has lots of homework to do this evening.（改为同义句）
He has _________________________ ________________________ homework to do this evening.
八、对话7选5 （共5小题；共10.0分）
A: Hi，Ted.
B: Hi ，Lee.
A: Ted，55. _______________________
B: Uh，when?
A: This after noon.
B: Sorry，I can't. 56 ____________________________
A: How about tomorrow?
B: rm really sorry. Tomorrow rm playi ng basketball and I have a guitar less on.
A: 57. ________________________
B: I have to help my mother do some clea ning.
A: Oh，I see. 58 ____________________________
B: I'm sorry，Lee. I have no time this week.
A.
A: It does n't matter. 59 __________________________
I'll ask Tom to play with me.
B.You're too busy.
C.can you play baseball with me?
D.My mother is ask ing me.
E.I have to go to the den tist and study for a test today.
F.Whe n do you have time?
G.What are you doing the day after tomorrow?
九、适当形式填空（短文适当形式）（共10小题；共10.0分）
Dear Tony ,
Thanks a lot for your 6 ____________________________ (in vite). I'm 6 __________________________ (real) sorry I can't go to your house on Saturday after noon. I'm 62 _________________________________ (take) a vacati on on the beach on Saturday
and Sun day with my frien ds. On Mon day , rm study ing for my scie nee test. I feel
63. _______________________ (worry) about it. On Tuesday , rm going to my 64 _______________________________________ (uncle) house
to visit him. He pho ned me last week and 6 __________________________________ (tell) me that he missed me very much. On Wednesday, I have to 66 ___________________________(look) after my grandfather —he is very old. On Thursday ,
rm help ing my pare nts with some 67. _______________________________ (housework). And I have a guitar less on on Friday
after noon. My mom thinks I can do much 6 ____________________________________ (well) in the guitar in this way.
On Friday evening , I would like 6 _________________________________ (go) for a walk with my brother in the park.
Can you come and join us?
Write soon.
Jessica
十、作文（共1小题；共25.0 分）
70. 假如你是Lisa，你的好朋友Kay邀请你下周和她一起去书店。

请你根据下周活动的日程表，
给她回一封email，说说你下周要做的事情，以及什么时间可以和她去书店。

80个词左右，开头和
结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Lisa's Cale ndar
Mon day
Morning and after noon: school Evening: do homework
Tuesday
Morning and after noon: school Evening: help Mom
Wedn esday
Morning and after noon: school Evening: visit my aunt
Thursday
Morning and after noon: school Evening: go to my pia no less on Friday
Morning and after noon: school Evening: do homework
Saturday: study for my chemistry test
Sun day: free
Dear Kay ,
Thanks for your in vitati on.
Yours ,
Lisa。