初三英语被动语态中by短语的用法单选题30题

初三英语被动语态中by短语的用法单选题30题
1. The window was broken _____ someone last night.
A. by
B. for
C. with
D. of
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态中by 的用法。

在被动语态中，动作的执行者要用by 引出，“The window was broken by someone”表示“窗户被某人打破”。

选项B“for”表示“为了”，选项C“with”表示“用；和”，选项D“of”表示“……的”，都不符合被动语态中表示执行者的用法。

2. The letter was written _____ Tom.
A. by
B. to
C. from
D. in
答案：A。

在被动语态中，“written by”表示“被……写”，“The letter was written by Tom”意思是“这封信是汤姆写的”。

选项B“to”表示“给”，选项C“from”表示“来自”，选项D“in”表示“在……里”，都不能表示动作的执行者。

3. The bike was stolen _____ a thief.
A. by
B. with
C. from
D. of
答案：A。

“stolen by”表示“被……偷”，“The bike was stolen by a thief”即“这辆自行车被一个小偷偷了”。

选项B“with”常用于表示伴随，选项C“from”常用于表示来源，选项D“of”常用于表示所属关系，均不符合此处被动语态的用法。

4. The song was sung _____ her.
A. by
B. for
C. to
D. at
答案：A。

“sung by”是“被……唱”的意思，“The song was sung by her”意为“这首歌是她唱的”。

选项B“for”表示目的，选项C“to”表示对象，选项D“at”表示“在……（地点、时间）”，都不是被动语态中表示执行者的正确用法。

5. The room was cleaned _____ my mother.
A. by
B. with
C. from
D. of
答案：A。

“cleaned by”意为“被……打扫”，“The room was cleaned
by my mother”表示“房间被我妈妈打扫了”。

选项B“with”表示使用的工具或手段，选项C“from”表示来源，选项D“of”表示所属关系，在被动语态中都不能表示动作的执行者。

6. The problem was solved by a group of scientists who had been working on it for years.
A. which
B. whom
C. who
D. whose
答案：C。

本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。

先行词是“scientists”，是人，且在从句中作主语，所以用“who”。

A 选项“which”用于先行词是物的情况；B 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语；D 选项“whose”表示所属关系，不符合本题语境。

7. The book which was written by Lu Xun is very popular.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. whose
答案：A。

本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。

先行词是“book”，是物，所以用“which”或“that”，但在本题中，先行词在从句中作主语，且前有“which”，所以优先选择“which”。

B 选项“that”也可以，但在这种情况下“which”更合适；C 选项“who”用于先行词是人；D 选项
“whose”表示所属关系，不符合本题语境。

8. The machine that is made by the workers works well.
A. which
B. who
C. whose
D. whom
答案：A。

本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。

先行词是“machine”，是物，所以用“which”或“that”，在本题中先行词在从句中作主语，A 选项“which”符合；B 选项“who”用于先行词是人；C 选项“whose”表示所属关系；D 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语，均不符合本题语境。

9. The song that was sung by her was very beautiful.
A. which
B. who
C. whose
D. whom
答案：A。

本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。

先行词是“song”，是物，所以用“which”或“that”，在本题中先行词在从句中作主语，A 选项“which”符合；B 选项“who”用于先行词是人；C 选项“whose”表示所属关系；D 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语，均不符合本题语境。

10. The building which was designed by a famous architect is very
modern.
A. that
B. who
C. whose
D. whom
答案：A。

本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。

先行词是“building”，是物，所以用“which”或“that”，在本题中先行词在从句中作主语，A 选项“that”符合；B 选项“who”用于先行词是人；C 选项“whose”表示所属关系；D 选项“whom”在定语从句中作宾语，均不符合本题语境。

11. The room ______ by my sister every day.
A. is cleaned
B. was cleaned
C. has been cleaned
D. will be cleaned
答案：A。

本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。

主语“the room”是动作的承受者，“every day”是一般现在时的标志词，所以用一般现在时的被动语态“is cleaned”。

12. The bridge ______ by the workers last year.
A. was built
B. is built
C. has been built
D. will be built
答案：A。

此题考查一般过去时的被动语态。

“last year”表明动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”。

13. Many trees ______ by them so far.
A. are planted
B. were planted
C. have been planted
D. will be planted
答案：C。

本题考查现在完成时的被动语态。

“so far”是现在完成时的标志词，所以用现在完成时的被动语态“have been planted”。

14. The sports meeting ______ by us next week.
A. is held
B. was held
C. will be held
D. has been held
答案：C。

此题为一般将来时的被动语态。

“next week”表示将来的时间，所以用一般将来时的被动语态“will be held”。

15. The flowers ______ by the little girl just now.
A. were watered
B. are watered
C. have been watered
D. will be watered
答案：A。

本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。

“just now”是一般过去时的标志词，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“were watered”。

16. The room was cleaned _____ Tom.
A. by
B. with
C. for
D. of
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态中介词的用法。

“by”表示动作的执行者，“with”表示“用……工具”，“for”表示“为了”，“of”表示“……的”，在被动语态中表示执行者用“by”，所以选A。

17. The letter was written _____ a pen.
A. by
B. in
C. with
D. on
答案：C。

“by”强调动作执行者，“in”表示“用某种语言、材料等”，“with”表示“用某种工具”，“on”表示“在……上面”，这里表示用钢笔写信，用“with”，选C。

18. The work was finished _____ them.
A. by
B. to
C. for
D. from
答案：A。

在被动语态中，表示“被某人完成”用“by”，其他选项“to”表示“给……”，“for”表示“为了……”，“from”表示“来自……”，故选A。

19. The song was sung _____ her.
A. by
B. at
C. in
D. on
答案：A。

“by”用于被动语态中表示动作的执行者，“at”表示“在……（地点、时间）”，“in”表示“在……里面”，“on”表示“在……上面”，此题是被她唱，用“by”，答案是A。

20. The book was bought _____ me.
A. by
B. for
C. to
D. of
答案：B。

“by”表示动作执行者，“for”表示“为……”，“to”表示“给……”，“of”表示“……的”，这里是为我买的书，用“for”，选B。

21. The room was cleaned by Tom yesterday. The active form of this sentence is:
A. Tom cleaned the room yesterday.
B. Tom is cleaning the room yesterday.
C. Tom cleans the room yesterday.
D. Tom was cleaning the room yesterday.
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态转为主动语态。

被动句“ The room was cleaned by Tom yesterday. ”转为主动语态时，主语变为动作执行者“Tom”，谓语动词用主动形式“cleaned”，时间状语不变，所以主动语态为“Tom cleaned the room yesterday.”
22. The flowers are watered by her every morning. The correct active form is:
A. She waters the flowers every morning.
B. She is watering the flowers every morning.
C. She watered the flowers every morning.
D. She has watered the flowers every morning.
答案：A。

在被动语态“ The flowers are watered by her every morning. ”转主动语态时，“her”变为“she”作主语，“are watered”变为“waters”，所以主动句是“She waters the flowers every morning.”
23. The letter was written by him last week. Which is the active form?
A. He wrote the letter last week.
B. He writes the letter last week.
C. He is writing the letter last week.
D. He was writing the letter last week.
答案：A。

对于被动句“ The letter was written by him last week. ”，
主动语态中主语是“he”，谓语用“wrote”，时间状语不变，即“He wrote the letter last week.”
24. The bike was repaired by my father yesterday. What's the active form?
A. My father repaired the bike yesterday.
B. My father is repairing the bike yesterday.
C. My father repairs the bike yesterday.
D. My father was repairing the bike yesterday.
答案：A。

此被动句“ The bike was repaired by my father yesterday. ”转主动，“my father”作主语，“was repaired”变为“repaired”，主动句为“My father repaired the bike yesterday.”
25. The windows are cleaned by them every month. The active form is:
A. They clean the windows every month.
B. They are cleaning the windows every month.
C. They cleaned the windows every month.
D. They have cleaned the windows every month.
答案：A。

被动句“ The windows are cleaned by them every month. ”转主动，主语变为“they”，“are cleaned”变为“clean”，即“They clean the windows every month.”
26. The room _______ by my sister every day.
A. is cleaned
B. was cleaned
C. cleans
D. cleaned
答案：A。

本题考查一般现在时的被动语态，主语the room 是动作的承受者，且every day 是一般现在时的标志词，被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”，A 选项符合。

27. The book wasn't written _______ him.
A. by
B. for
C. from
D. with
答案：A。

本题考查被动语态中by 的用法，表示“被……”，B 选项for 表示“为了”，C 选项from 表示“来自”，D 选项with 表示“和……一起”，都不符合题意，故选A。

28. Were these flowers watered _______ your mother?
A. by
B. for
C. from
D. of
答案：A。

本题是一般过去时的被动语态的一般疑问句，by 表示动作的执行者，“被……”，其他选项不符合，所以选A。

29. This kind of machine _______ made in China.
A. isn't
B. aren't
C. wasn't
D. weren't
答案：A。

主语This kind of machine 是单数，且是一般现在时的被动语态，否定形式是isn't + 过去分词，故选A。

30. The old bridge _______ by the villagers last year.
A. was rebuilt
B. is rebuilt
C. rebuilds
D. rebuilt
答案：A。

last year 是一般过去时的标志词，桥是被重建的，要用被动语态，被动语态的结构是“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用was rebuilt，A 选项正确。