2010~2018年广东东莞中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案：短文填空

短文填空
一．填空题（共8小题）
1．（2018•东莞市）Will Johnson has worked his way up the list of most popular stars in his country．In fact，it is not surprising that Will is so successful if we know about his early life．Some valuable lessons he learnt as a child have strongly influenced him（1）in his later life．One of them was from his father（2）who/ that was strict with him and his brother．
Once，Will and his brother Harry （3）were given a job to rebuild a broken brick （砖）wall in the yard．The wall was fifty feet（4）wide and around sixteen feet high．The boys had to mix concrete（水泥）and place only one brick at a time．They didn't know why their father gave them（5）such a huge job．（6）However，with the attitude （态度）of "one brick more"，both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in（7）a period of six months．Each time they were about to give up，their father （8）cheered them up patiently．Both brothers were so sad about the job at（9）first，but after completing the task，they felt a sense of pride，and so did their father．Even today when Will thinks that he won't be able to do something，he will look back to this experience and keep telling（10）himself，"one brick at a time"．
【解答】1．in 考查介词短语．in one's later life，介词短语，在某人的晚年，再根据预猜句意"他小时候学到的一些宝贵经验对他晚年产生了强烈的影响．"可知，要填介词，故答案为in．
2．who / that 考查定语从句的引导词．根据预猜句意"其中之一来自于对他和他的兄弟严格要求的父亲．"可知，先行词his father是人，用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，同时在从句中做主语，故答案为who / that．
3．were 考查一般过去时的被动语态的构成．根据预猜句意"有一次，威尔和他的弟弟哈利被给予一项工作，在院子里重建一堵破碎的砖墙"可知，主语Will and his brother Harry 和动词give是被动关系，而且是过去的动作，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是was/ were done，主语是复数，故答案为were．
4．wide 考查形容词．根据预猜句意"墙50英尺宽，大约16英尺高．"可知，要用形容词作表语．故答案为wide．
5．such 考查形容词．根据预猜句意"他们不知道为什么他们的父亲给他们这么巨大的工作．"可知，such+ a +形容词+可数名词单数形式，是固定结构，故答案为such．
6．However 考查副词．根据前句"他们不知道为什么他们的父亲给他们这么巨大的工作"和后句"然而带着"再添一块砖"的态度，威尔和哈利在六个月的时间里重建了这堵墙"是转折关系可知，要用转折副词．故答案为However．
7．a 考查冠词．根据预猜句意" 威尔和哈利在六个月的时间里重建了这堵墙．"可知，
a period of多长一段时间，故答案为a．
8．cheered 考查动词短语和一般过去时态．cheer sb up意思是"使某人振作"，再根据预猜句意"他们的父亲都会耐心地让他们振作起来．"可知，要用一般过去时，故答案为cheered．
9．first 考查固定短语．at first意思是"起初，开始的时候"．再根据预猜句意"两兄弟起初都对这份工作很伤心"可知，要用固定短语，故答案为first．
10．himself 考查反身代词．根据预猜句意"他会回顾这段经历并且不断地告诉自己，"
一次添一块砖"．"可知，要用反身代词作宾语，故答案为himself．
2．（2017•东莞市）What will happen if a family without the Internet for a month？One American family decides to find out．They have sent invitation to a leading US television station，expecting that it will send a film group to record their day﹣to﹣day life （71）without technology for a month．
When the film group meet（72）the Smiths，they find that Mr．Smith，Mrs．Smith and their two sons are so crazy about technology that （73）they hardly do things together．At mealtimes，no one（74）sits at the dining table for their food．"Everyone just runs into the kitchen，takes their food and then goes back to their screen，"Mrs．Smith explains．"（75）If we don't make a change，our family will become strangers to each other!"
Getting back to the normal life without the Internet is not （76）easy，especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it．They have to make many （77）changes．For example，the two brothers have to go to the school （78）library to borrow books for their scientific projects，and Mr．and Mrs．Smith need to go out shopping because they cannot buy things （79）online．As the family have picked up the new lifestyle，they find that they can spend more time taking over meals，playing sports and doing all （80）kinds of activities together．Would they be able to go for long without using the Internet after the challenge？
【解答】71．without 考查介词，根据What will happen if a family without the Internet for
a month？One American family decides to find out．如果一个家庭一个月没有网络会怎样？
一个美国家庭决定找到答案，结合空格后的名词"technology科技"，可知这个家庭是为了做实验，离开和网络有关的科技产品，推出是介词without，without technology脱离和网络有关的科技产品，符合题意，故填without．
72．the 考查冠词，根据题意"当电影摄制小组见到史密斯一家人时"，前文说了有个家庭打算找到答案，可知此处是the Smiths 史密斯一家人，the加姓的复数表示一家人，故填the．
73．they 考查代词，根据前面的主语是史密斯夫妇俩和他们的两个儿子，可知后面的代词用they代替，故填they．
74．sits 考查动词，根据空格前的主语"no one没有一个人"，可知动词用三单式，时态为一般现在时，故填sits．
75．If 考查连词，根据our family will become strangers to each other!我们的家将会彼此都变成陌生人，可知前面所说的是"如果"再不改变的话，故填if．
76．easy 考查形容词，根据后文especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it尤其当史密斯夫妇对它着迷的时候，可知前文所说的the normal life without the Internet 没有网络的正常生活，戒网是"不容易"的，故填easy．
77．changes 考查名词，根据后文语境"兄弟俩不得不去学校图书馆，史密斯夫妇需要出去到商店购物，因为不能网购了"，由此可知这是他们生活的"改变"，推出是名词"change 改变"，结合题干，make many changes做出很多改变，名词复数形式，故填changes．78．library 考查名词，根据空格后"to borrow books 去借书"，可知他们是去学校"图书馆"，故填library．
79．online 考查形容词，根据Mr．and Mrs．Smith need to go out shopping because they cannot buy things 史密斯夫妇需要出去到商店购物，因为不能…，前文告诉我们，已经脱离网络，出去买东西说明无法"网上购物"，故填online．
80．kinds 考查名词，根据题意"做各种各样的活动"，结合题干，可知句型many kings of 很多种…，此处是复数名词，故填kinds．
3．（2016•东莞市）Like most Chinese，Mr，Zhang has a traditional family．（1）Both he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6﹣year﹣old son is a pupil．Mr Zhang's mother lives with them and helps look （2）after the kids．They love one another and live
（3）a happy life．
Yesterday was Mr Zhang's mother's birthday．The couple wanted to do something to（4）show their love for her．After a big dinner，Mr，zhang brought a basin of warm water and asked his mother to sit in front of the basin．He took off her shoes and put her （5）feet into the water．After that，he began to wash them carefully．His wife helped to comb his mother's hair slowly．Seeing this，the boy（6）followed his mother's example．He tried to comb his mother's hair，too．But he was not tall（7）enough to do that．So he brought a chair and stood on it．Everyone could feel the warmth and love in the family．
（8）As we all know，respecting the old and taking care of the young is a good Chinese tradition．We should try （9）our best to care for our family．We must visit our parents as often as possible，and （10）spend time with them even though we may work far away．Indeed family is a place for happiness．
【解答】1．Both．考查形容词．根据"he and his wife"他和妻子两个人，所以要用both来和and构成结构"both…and…"两者都…，又因为位于句首，还要大写，故填Both．2．after．考查动词短语．根据"Mr Zhang's mother lives with them and helps look_____the kids"可知他妈妈住在这里，主要是帮助他们照看孩子，照看，照料要用动词短语look after，故填after．
3．a．考查冠词．根据"They love one another and live （73）happy life"他们很恩爱，过着幸福的生活，live a…life是固定短语，意思是"过着…的生活"用a还是用an，要根据后面的形容词来确定，此处的形容词是happy，首音素为辅音/h/，所以前面用a，故填a．4．show．考查动词．根据下文"their love for her"可知是向她表现对她的爱，所以要用show 来填空，又因为前面是不定式符合to，所以后面要用动词原形，故填show．5．feet．考查名词．根据上文"Mr，zhang brought of basin of warm water and asked his father to sit in front of the basin．He took off her shoes"端来一盆温水，让她坐在盆的前面，可知是要给她洗脚，所以要用foot，foot的复数形式是feet，故填feet．
6．followed．考查动词．根据下文"He tried to comb his mother's hair，too．"他想给妈妈梳头，可知他按照妈妈给奶奶梳头的样子，想给妈妈梳头，另外根据本文的总体时态是一般过去时，所以这个空也要用一般过去时，故填followed．
7．enough．考查副词．根据下文"So he brought a chair and stood on it"可知他的个子不够高，所以要用enough来修饰前面的形容词tall，从而构成结构"be+adj．+enough to do sth．"，故填enough．
8．As．考查连词．根据下文"we all know"所以空格处要用as，构成短语"as we all know"
意思是"众所周知"，又因为位于句首，要大写，故填As．
9．our．考查代词．根据"We should try （79）our best to"本句的主语是"we"，所以要用其所有格形式our，来构成固定短语"try one's best to do sth．"意思是"尽某人最大努力做某事"，故填our．
10．spend．考查动词．根据下文"time with them"空格后面的名词是时间，主语为we所以要用spend来填空，又因为空格前面还有and，是并列连词，也就是and用来连接"visit our parents as often as possible"和"spend time with them"的，and前后的形式要求一致，前面的使用了动词原形，and后面的也需要用动词原形，故填spend．
4．（2015•东莞市）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上．每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词．
The Great Wall is known as the eighth wonder of the world．Every year thousands of tourists from all over the world come to visit this place of （71）interest in China．
Last Saturday I went to the Great Wall （72）with some of my friends．It was a sunny day．On our way up，we saw many volunteers（志愿者）keeping working in the sun．They helped the elders with their bags．，（73）took photos for some tourists and answered people's questions．Though they are very （74）tired，they didn't stop to have a rest．We were deeply moved when we saw this．
Just at the moment，we saw （75）a little boy standing alone and crying．We went over and asked what （76）happened to him．From his answer we knew that he couldn't find his mother．We told him not to （77）worry about it and then we tried to get to touch with his mother with the phone number he gave us．Twenty minutes （78）later，his mother turned up．When she saw her son，she was very excited and thanked （79）us with tears in her eyes．
That day we not only enjoyed the beauty of the Great Wall，but also felt the warmth of the society．（80）If everyone can reach out a helping hand to others，the world will be more and more harmonious（和谐的）．
【解答】71．固定短语用法．根据句意和place of 可知，此处是名胜的固定短语的用法，为place of interest，故填写interest．
72．介词用法．根据句意应该是和我的一些朋友去参观长城，所以用with，意为和谁一起，故填写with．
73．固定短语用法．根据句意和后面的词photo，可知应该是一个动作拍照，是一个固定短语"拍照"，为take photo，由于是上星期六发生的事情，动词应该用过去式，所以take 的过去式为took，故填写took．
74．形容词用法．根据句意"尽管他们非常…，但还是不停下来休息，"可知这是一个让步状语从句，需要填写一个形容词，从句意上考虑应该是劳累的，疲劳的这类的含义，主语是人，所以应填写tired．
75．冠词用法．因为在短文中little boy 是第一次出现，所以应用冠词a，意为一个小男孩，故填写a．
76．动词的习惯搭配．根据句意和后面的介词to，应该是过去问小男孩发生了什么，所以用happen，短语happen to sb意为在某人身上发生了什么事，又因为问这句话的时候事情已经发生了，所以应用happen的过去式，故填写happened．
77．短语用法．根据句意和后面的介词about可知应是我们告诉他不要担心，worry about 意为担心，是一个固定短语，由于它用于动词不定式的后面，所以worry用原型即可．故填写worry．
78．副词用法．根据上下文的语境和句意应该是在打完电话，20分钟之后他的妈妈出现了，所以多长时间之后应该用副词later，故填写later．
79．人称代词用法．根据句意应是她眼含热泪感谢我们，对象是"我们"，由于在宾语的位置，所以由we可知其宾格是us，故填写us．
80．连词用法．根据句意可知本句应是一个条件状语从句，应用连词if，意为如果每一个人都伸出援手，世界将会变得越来越和谐，表示假设的一种情况，故填写if．5．（2014•东莞市）
I am Jackie Lee，an American Chinese．Let me tell you about my grandfather's life story．
My grandfather was（71）born in 1932and grew up in a poor village in Fujian，China．At
the age of 14，he first heard of
America．It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become（72）rich there．
So，my grandfather came to America．"I had thought it was easy to（73）make money in America，"he told me．"But when I（74）arrived in Los Angeles，I realized it was not true．I couldn't find a good job because I spoke little English．I wanted to go to a language school to learn English（75），but I couldn't afford it．Later，I worked in a small（76）restaurant，serving the guests，cleaning up the tables，washing the dishes and sweeping the floors．I was such（77）a helpful and honest worker that my boss was pleased with me．I was popular with my workmates，（78）too．Life became easier and in the end I entered an evening school to learn English．"
My grandfather kept working hard，and finally made（79）his dream come true．Things do not come easily in life．That is what I have learned （80）from my grandfather．
【解答】71．born 考查动词，根据"My grandfather was…in 1932．"可知这是在表达爷爷出生于1932年，出生于为be born in，故答案为born．
72．rich 考查形容词，根据"It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become…there．"中的"the land of gold"可知那里是黄金岛，可以让poor（穷人）轻易地变富有（rich），故答案为rich．
73．make 考查动词，根据"I had thought it was easy to…money in America，"可知我本来想在美国挣钱是很容易的．挣钱用make money，to后接动词原形，故答案为make．74．arrived 考查动词，根据"But when I…in Los Angeles，I realized it was not true．"可知当我到达洛杉矶时，我意识到这不是真的．到达为arrive，when表示两个动作同时发生，realized为过去式，arrive也应用过去式，故答案为arrived．
75．but 考查连词，根据"I wanted to go to a language school to learn English，"（我想去学
英语）和"I couldn't afford it．"（我负担不起），可知这是转折关系．故答案为but．76．restaurant 考查名词，根据"serving the guests，cleaning up the tables，washing the dishes and sweeping the floors．"（服务顾客、收拾桌子、洗盘子、打扫地板）可知这是在餐馆工作．故答案为restaurant．
77．a 考查冠词，根据"such"，可知其后如果是可数名词单数就用a或an，如果后面是不可数名词，则什么都不加．根据"helpful and honest worker"可知这是可数名词单数，并且helpful以辅音开头，用a，故答案为a．
78．too 考查副词，根据"my boss was pleased with me．"和"I was popular with my workmates，"可知我是既让老板高兴，也被同事喜欢．故表示"也"，用于句末，单独使用的是too．故答案为too．
79．his 考查代词，根据"My grandfather kept working hard，and finally made…dream come true．"中的主语为my grandfather，可知最终是他的梦想成真．故答案为his．
80．from 考查介词，根据"That is what I have learned…my grandfather．"可知此处是表示向我爷爷学习，向某人学习用learn from sb，故答案为from．
6．（2013•东莞市）Dear Anne，
How are you？I had great fun last Wednesday，（71）June12th，2013．It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day．
This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan，one of （72）the greatest Chinese poets．He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar（阴历），278BC．People there rowed the boats to（73）save him．But it was too late．They were very sad and then threw rice into the （74）river to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body．
（75）From then on，every year on this day，people enjoy （76）having Zongzi which is made of rice with meat，eggs and so on．In the past we ate it only （77）once a year，but now we regarded it as our daily food．We can have it any time we like．
Have you ever（78）watched the dragon boat race on TV？It is another important part of this festival．Several teams row their dragon﹣shaped boats as （79）fast as they can．The first team to reach the finish line wins．
If you have a plan to visit China next year，would （80）you like to spend this festival with us？
Best wishes，
Xiao Qiang．
【解答】71．June．名词考查．联系后一句It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day．描述，可知此处指的是中国端午节的日期，应在阳历的六月，故填专有名词June，六月．故填June．
72．the．冠词考查．英语形容词最高前必须加定冠词the，表示特指，故填定冠词the，特指某一个．故填the．
73．save．动词考查．联系上下文People there rowed the boats，可知此处指的是人们划船去救他．本句中to是不定式符号，后面接原形动词，结合语境可知填原形动词save．救．故填save．
74．river．名词考查．联系上下文描述feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body．，可知此处指的是人们往江里面扔米饭来阻止鱼类吃屈原的尸体．结合语境可知填river，河．故填river．
75．From介词考查．联系下文描述，可知此处指的是从那时起．结合语境可知填介词From从．故填From．
76．having．非谓语动词考查．联系下文Zongzi which is made of rice with meat，eggs and so on．In 描述，可知此处指的是吃粽子．Enjoy后常接动名词作宾语，表示喜欢做某事．结合语境可知填动名词having吃，作宾语．故填having．
77．once．副词考查．联系every year on this day，people enjoy having Zongzi which is made of rice with meat，eggs and so on描述，可知此处指的是在过去我们一年只吃一次粽子．结合语境可知填副词once一次．
78．watched．动词考查．联系下文on TV描述，可知此处指的是，你曾经在电视上看见过龙舟吗？结合语境及have可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态．结合语境可知填过去分词watched观看．故填watched．
79．fast．副词考查．联系后一句The first team to reach the finish line wins．描述，可知几个队以尽可能快的速度划船．结合语境可知填副词fast快速地，修饰row．故填fast．80．you．代词考查．联系前文If you have a plan to visit China next year条件从句，可知此处指的是，你喜欢和我们一起过这个节日吗？结合语境可知填人称代词you，你．故填you．
7．（2011•东莞市）
Li Ming is a middle school student．His 15th birthday is coming on（71）July3rd．One day，Li Ming walked past the shoe shop at the street corner．Once again，he stopped to look at the shop （72）window．He felt happy to see the shoes that he wanted very much were still there．He really wanted to have （73）them for his birthday．Looking down at his old shoes，he felt sorry for himself．
He sadly walked away and thought （74）how to tell his mother about it．He knew she would give him （75）anything/everything he liked if she could．But he also knew very well she had little money for that￥1299﹣Nike Shoes．He（76）decided not to go home at once，as he didn't want to upset his mother．So he went to the park and sat on the （77）grass/ground．There he saw a girl in a wheel chair．He noticed that the girl （78）moved/pushed the wheel with her hands．Li Ming watched her carefully and was （79）surprised to find that the girl had no feet．He looked at his own feet，"It's much（80）better to be without shoes than without feet．"He thought．There was no reason for him to feel so sorry and sad．He went away and smiled，thinking he was luckier．
【解答】71．July 72．window 73．them 74．how 75．anything/everything 76．decided 77．grass/ground 78．moved/pushed 79．surprised 80．better．
71题答案：July 考查名词填空．根据图片可知His 15th birthday is coming 他的生日是在7月3日，七月是名词July，故答案是July．
72题答案：window 考查名词填空．根据图片he stopped to look at the shop 可知他停在商店窗户看，the后面要用名词，窗户用window，故答案是window．
73题答案：them 考查代词填空．根据前面He felt happy to see the shoes that he wanted very much were still there他非常开心他想买的那双鞋仍然在那儿，后面应该是想买它们，要用代词，它们用them，故答案是them．
74题答案：how 考查连词填空．根据He sadly walked away and thought （74）to tell his
mother about it，应该是边走边想如何和他父母说，如何用how，故答案是how．
75题答案：anything/everything 考查代词填空．根据后面he liked if she could会尽她最大努力给他所喜欢的，应该是任何他要的东西，故答案是anything/everything．
76题答案：decided 考查动词填空．根据后面not to go home at once不马上回家，应该是决定，要用decede的过去式decided，故答案是decided．
77题答案：grass/ground 考查名词填空．根据后面So he went to the park and sat on the 及结合图片，应该是坐在草地上或地面上，要用名词，故答案是grass/ground．
78题答案：moved/pushed 考查动词填空．根据后面the wheel with her hands用双手，应该是推轮子，时态是一般过去时，所以要用move/push的过去式，故答案是moved/pushed．79题答案：surprised 考查形容词填空．根据后面find that the girl had no feet发现那个女孩没有脚，应该是非常地惊讶，考查固定短语be surprised to do sth 是惊讶地去做某事，故答案是surprised．
80题答案：better 考查形容词填空．根据后面than without feet比没有脚，应该是比没有脚好，所以要用good的比较级better，故答案是better．
8．（2010•东莞市）
One day when Mr．Kong was walking in the（71）park，he saw Miss Lan，a friend of his，sitting in a bench with a dog （72）beside her．
Kong walked up to her and said，"Hello，Miss Lan，how are you？May（73）sit down and talk with you for a while？"
"Of course，"Lan said．Kong sat down next to her and they （74）talked happily together．The dog was looking up at Lan，as if waiting to be fed．
"That's a nice dog．"Kong said．
"Yes．he's strong and healthy．"
"And he's（75）hungry now，"Kong said，He hasn't taken his eyes off you．He thinks you've
got some food for him．"
Lan said．"But I haven't．"
The two （76）friends laughed and then Kong said，"Does your dog bite（咬）？"
"N0，"she said，"He has（77）never bitten anyone．"
When he heard this，Kong put out his left （78）hand and touched the animal's head．It （79）jumped up at once and bit him．
"Hey!"Kong shouted．"You said he didn't bite．"
"N0，I didn't，"Lan replied，"But that's not my dog．（80）Mine is at home．"
【解答】71．park，公园，考查名词，由图示中后面的树木及长椅可推断出故事发生在公园，因此答案为park．
72．beside，在…旁边．考查介词的用法，由图中可知那只狗是在Miss Lan的身边，在…旁边为beside．
73．sit，坐，考查动词用法及情态动词用法，由语境可知，Kong走到她的身边和说："Miss Lan，你最近好吗？我可以坐下来，跟你聊一会儿吗，空格处缺少的单词应为坐下，坐下为词组sit down，又前面May为情态动词，情态动词后加动词原形，因此用sit．74．talked，交谈，考查动词，由语境可知两人坐在长椅上聊天很开心，因此空格处填交谈，又综合全文可知讲述的故事已经发生，应该用一般过去时态，因此答案为talked．75．hungry，饥饿的，考查形容词用法，由Kong said，He hasn't taken his eyes off you．He thinks you've got some food for him．"他的视线没有从你身上移开．他觉得你会有一些食物给它．"可知狗是饿了，用hungry一词，此处形容词作表语．
76．friends，朋友，考查名词，由he saw Miss Lan，a friend of his，sitting in a bench with a dog （72）besideher，可知他们俩是朋友的关系，又空格前是The two，两个人，因此用复数，friends．
77．never，从不，考查副词，由后面Kong shouted．"You said he didn't bite，Kong喊道："你不是说他不会咬人的．"可知，前面Miss Lan是说她的狗从不咬人，此处应用否定词never．
78．hand，手，考查名词，由图示可看出，kong先生是用左手摸狗的头了，左手是一只手，因此用hand．
79．jumped，跳，考查动词的用法，由图三可看出来狗跳起来咬了Kong先生，跳为jump，由When he heard this，Kong put out his left （78）handand touched the animal's head．It （79）
jumped up at once and bit him，动词heard，put，touched及bit，所有谓语动词均使用过去式，还有综合全文可知事情发生在过去，得出此处应该使用一般过去时态，因此答案为jumped．
80．Mine，我的，考查名词性物主代词用法，此处译为我的，由mine 及my两种说法，但空格后面缺少名词，因此此处应该填名词性物主代词mine。