2021届高考英语牛津译林版专项复习(十九)

2021高考英语牛津译林版专项复习（十九）一：词汇梳理
1．clone克隆
2．on the one hand…on the other 3．hand…一方面……另一方面…… 4．tissue（生物的）组织；纸巾5．toy with戏弄，摆弄
6．real-life真实的
7．exact精确的，准确的
8．cell小隔间；电池
9．intention意图，目的；企图10．anxiety忧虑，焦虑11．saleswoman女售货员12．adopt收养，领养
13．legal法律许可的，合法的14．push ahead with义无反顾地进行15．physician医师；内科医生16．goat山羊
17．consequence结果，后果18．harvest收割（庄稼）
19．for sale供出售，待销售20．transform使改变处观或性质21．concept概念；观念
22．crime罪，罪行
23．fellow男子，家伙
24．profession职业，行业
25．radiation辐射，放射线26．breakthrough突破
27．original原来的，起初的28．judgement判断力；看法
29．be / get burnt out耗尽体力30．relation关系；亲戚
31．public relations公共关系
32．follow in one's footsteps效仿某人33．conduct实施；指挥乐队34．majority多数，大多数35．summary总结；概括，概要36．consideration仔细考虑37．take…into consideration认真考虑38．hunger饥饿；饥荒
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39．tasty美味的，可口的40．nutrition营养41．ordinary普通的，一般的42．reliable可信赖的，可依靠的43．accurate准确的，精确的44．brief短时间的，短暂的45．actual真实的，实际的46．confirm证实，证明47．agriculture农业48．channel水道；航道49．favour赞同，支持；50．in favour of赞同，支持51．point of vies观点52．catastrophe灾难，灾祸 acre英亩53．rainforest雨林
54．income收益
55．frighten使惊吓，使惊恐56．insert插入，嵌入
57．pest害虫
58．profit利润，收益
59．chain一系列；一连串60．food chain食物链61．permission准许，许可，批准
二：词汇复习
1. He is one of my _________.
He is __________ to the murder case.(亲戚；与..有关)
2.the __________ of the students
He _________in history at college. （大多数；主修）
3.take….into ____________.
Please_________ how to do the job. （考虑）
4._______by his accent, he must be from the south. （判断）
make a right _________
5.Please _________ the main idea of this article after reading it.
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Please write a _______ of the article after reading it. （总结）
6.These books are _________ for the children.
I came with the _______of staying, but now I’ve decided to leave.（打算；意图）
7.准许 v
8.可信赖的的a
9.忧虑n
10.资源n
11.收养v
12.原来的，起初的a
13.收入n
14.利润；获益n
15.饥饿v
16.证实；确认v
17.from my point of view
18.accurate
19.profession
20.in consequence
21.concept
22.conduct
23.modify
24.channel
25.push ahead with
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三、阅读理解
A
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun,according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers,some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives,and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.
According to the report’s key findings,“the proportion(比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children,ages 2-8,remain largely the same.But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined,from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading,the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading,mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently,compared to infrequent readers,have more books in the home,more books purchased for them,parents who read more often,and parents who set aside time for them to read.
As the end of school approaches,and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead,parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.
1.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?
A.Children’s reading habits.
B.Quality of children’s books.
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C.Children’s after-class activities.
D.Parent-child relationships.
2.Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”?
A.In paragraph 2.
B.In paragraph 3.
C.In paragraph 4.
D.In paragraph 5.
3.Why do many parents limit electronic reading?
A.E-books are of poor quality.
B.It could be a waste of time.
C.It may harm children’s health.
D.E-readers are expensive.
4.How should parents encourage their children to read more?
A.Act as role models for them.
B.Ask them to write book reports.
C.Set up reading groups for them.
D.Talk with their reading class teachers.
B
“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,I’ll do it.”
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I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense,I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?
1.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?
A.She knows little about the club.
B.She isn’t good at sports.
C.She just doesn’t want to volunteer.
D.She’s unable to meet her schedule.
2.What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Encourage teamwork.
B.Appeal to feelings.
C.Promote good deeds.
D.Provide advice.
3.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A.She gets interested in lacrosse.
B.She is proud of her kids.
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C.She’ll work for another season.
D.She becomes a good helper.
4.Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A.It gives her a sense of duty.
B.It makes her very happy.
C.It enables her to work hard.
D.It brings her material rewards.
二、七选五
What does it really mean to be successful?
1.It is about being able to live a happy life.
If you want to have a successful life,here are three things you need to focus on.
1.Believe in yourself
If you don’t believe in yourself,how do you expect other people to? When you believe in yourself,it fuels (促进) your creativity and your motivation to do things.All successful people from Gandhi to Tesla believed in themselves.2.We all have to trust that we have the ability to turn the impossible into the possible.
2.Know your intention
3,it is important to have an understanding of your intention.If your intention is simply rooted in money and fame,you are never going to truly feel successful.Money and fame only serve the ego (自负) and don’t provide true feelings of success.For a truly successful life,your intention has to be rooted in your purpose and passions.When your intention is to serve your purpose,make a change in the world and express your talents,you will feel true success and satisfaction.
3.4
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Success is all around you right now.Stop to take a moment and you’ll notice the amazing success that is already present in your life.5.Being thankful for the tiniest successes in life will help you to create more and more success.
A.Realize you are already successful
B.Discover the true meaning of success
C.This is what gave them the drive to succeed
D.If you want to create a good living condition
E.When it comes to achieving greatness in this life
F.That is when you will start to feel truly successful
G.Success is much more than just money or fame
三、语法填空
Louis Pasteur was a French scientist who developed cures for many dangerous 1. (illness).He also successfully invented a way to kill bacteria in milk and make it safe to drink.
Pasteur was born in 1822,in Dole,France.He was a courageous student who 2. (frequent) asked questions,searched for answers and challenged incorrect ideas.He 3. (receive) a Doctor of Science degree in 1847.While 4. (work) at the University of Lille,Pasteur discovered fermentation,a chemical change used to make bread,cheese and other foods,involved germs.He showed that heat killed the germs that cause fermentation.This 5. (discover) led to his invention of a process for destroying harmful germs in food,which became 6. (know) as pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法).
In the 1870s,Louis Pasteur sought to find a cure for anthrax — a disease 7. mainly affects cattle.Firstly,he found anthrax was much more likely if farmers buried dead sheep with the disease in fields.Pasteur advised farmers not 8. (bury) any dead animals in areas where cattle may eat growing grass in the future.In 1881 he conducted an experiment to try out his vaccine for anthrax,which was 9. success.
Pasteur died in 1895,in Saint-Cloud,France.On his last day he remarked:“I should like to be younger,so as to devote myself 10. the study of new diseases.”
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语篇导读：调查发现,青少年儿童的读书兴趣大大减少,而且,出于对孩子眼睛保护的考虑,许多家长限制孩子们电子阅读的时间。

作者建议家长们借此机会制定适合自己家庭的暑假阅读清单。

1.推理判断题。

根据文章第一段中的“Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun”可知,青少年与年幼的孩子们读书的乐趣大大减少,这正是孩子们的阅读习惯问题,故选A 项。

B项“儿童书籍的质量”,C项“孩子们的课后活动”,D项“亲子关系”,均与题意不符。

2.细节理解题。

根据文章第三段的内容可知,几乎没有阅读兴趣的比例,从1984年8%的13
岁儿童和9%的17岁儿童分别上升到了今天的22%和27%。

因此,第三段的内容是“children are reading a lot less for fun”的最好的佐证。

故选B项。

3.细节理解题。

根据文章第五段最后一句中的“mainly due to concerns about increased screen time”可知,许多家长限制孩子们电子阅读的时间,主要是因为担心孩子们看屏幕的时间增加,不利于孩子们的健康,故选C项。

4.细节理解题。

根据文章第六段第一句中的“parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading”可知,父母是孩子阅读时的榜样和重要的指导者,故选A 项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。

作者介绍了自己说服他人参与志愿者工作的经历,论述了志愿者工作的特殊意义。

1.推理判断题。

根据第一段的第一句“You can use me as a last resort,and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”可知,这位家长让作者最后再考虑她,如果没有其他人当志愿者,她才会做。

由此可知,她不想做志愿者工作。

2.词义猜测题。

开头提到这位家长不愿当志愿者,再根据第二段的“She may just need a little persuading.”以及下文作者提到的两个例子可知,作者是想让她内心有所触动。

对比四个选项可知,B项正确。

3.推理判断题。

根据第三段的第二句“The unwilling parent organizes the mea l schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.”可知,这位家长安排就餐时间表、发送电子邮件,并且为季末礼品筹款。

这些都可表明她是一位好帮手。

故选D项。

4.细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community as you freely give your
time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering j ust feels so good.”可知,志愿者工作给她带来了快乐。

故选B项。

二、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。

文章就成功提出三点建议,告诫人们:成功不仅仅只是收获名利,而是内心的满足。

只要相信自己、明确目标、懂得满足,你就是成功的。

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1.G根据上文“What does it really mean to be successful?”及下文中的“It is about being able to live a happy life”可知,此空应为成功的定义。

G项指出:成功不只是金钱和名誉,符合上下文
语境。

2.C根据上文中的“All successful people from Gandhi to Tesla believed in themselves”可知,此空为:正是他们相信自己,才取得巨大成就。

C项符合语境。

3.E根据下文中的“If your intention is simply rooted in money and fame,you are never going to truly feel successful”可知,如果目标不正确,就不会觉得自己成功,因此上文提出:在讨论如何取得成功之前,首先要对人生的目标有正确的理解。

E项符合语境。

4.A根据下文中的“you’ll notice the amazing success that is already present in your life”可知,第三点建议为:要意识到你已经是成功的。

A项符合语境。

5.F根据上文的描述可知,停下脚步,你就会发现你所取得的成就。

F项中That is when...呼应上文中的moment,此时此刻你会感受到真正的成功。

三、1.illnesses考查名词复数。

设空处做宾语,表示“疾病”,由many可知,此处应用名词复数,故填illnesses。

2.frequently考查副词。

设空处做状语修饰谓语动词,表示“常常”,故填副词frequently。

3.received考查一般过去时。

由in 1847可知,设空处表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填received。

4.working考查动词-ing形式做状语的用法。

Pasteur与work之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且由While可知,work表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生,故填working。

5.discovery考查名词。

设空处做主语,表示“发现”,因为设空处前有限定词This,故填名词discovery。

6.known考查过去分词做表语的用法。

设空处做表语,which在此指代process,因为know
与process之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填known。

7.that/which考查关系代词。

设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰disease,且在从句中做主语,
故填that或which。

8.to bury考查不定式做补语的用法。

advise sb not to do sth意为“建议某人不做某事”。

9.a考查不定冠词。

success在此表示“成功的事”,是可数名词,且表泛指,故填a。

10.to考查介词。

devote oneself to...意为“献身于……”。

11。