英语选修6导学笔记Module1PeriodOne

Funny Small Talk
Small talk doesn’t have to be boring，especially if you add a dash of humor.Humor helps people relax，so it is a natural fit when making small talk.
Make Fun of Yourself
Humor directed at yourself helps break the ice with new ugh at yourself，or get others to laugh at you，and the walls that separate you will e tumbling down.For example，if you are a little out of shape，say something like “The only exercise I get these days is from the couch to the fridge.”
Find Humor in the Situation
Small talk about the situation you’re in can be a good source of humor.Find something funny about what you or the group is doing.For example，if you are taking a hot yoga class，say “It’s so hot here，even my sweat is sweating.” If you are at the gym chatting and someone ments that you aren’t getting much of a workout(锻炼)，say “I am doing lip exercises.” Find something about the situation that is humorous or contradictory，and turn it into a joke.
Open with a Funny OneLiner(俏皮话)
Funny oneliners are not just for trying to pick up dates.They can also be used to break the ice during small talk with new people.You might also introduce yourself with a funny quip.For example，if you work for the college newspaper，say “My name is Chris.I am the guy everyone is afraid to talk to，because their story might end up in my next article.” Oneliners are an easy way to break the ice and start making small talk.
True (T) or False (F).
1.In order to break the ice with new people，you have to be humorous.(F)
2.The underlined sentence means the man can’t stand the hot weather.(F)
3.One can say a oneliner with strangers in a small talk conversation.(T)
Period One Introduction & Vocabulary and Reading
Ⅰ.重点单词
rmal adj.非正式的
formal adj.正式的
2.serious adj.严肃的
seriously ad v.严肃地
3.confidently ad v.自信地
confident adj.自信的
confidence n.自信
ck v.缺乏，缺少
5.advance adj.预先的，在前的
6.sigh v.叹气，叹息
7.opportunity n.机会
8.obligation n.责任；义务
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.make friends交朋友，建立友谊
2.(be) nervous about对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安
3.think of想起，回忆起
4.look away from把目光从……移开
5.in addition另外，除此之外
6.find out了解(到)；找出(信息)
Ⅲ.重点句式
1.sb./sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do
And they are easy to learn(learn).
而且这些技巧学起来也很容易。

2.定语从句
①think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers...想一些当你和陌生人谈话时尽量避免的话题……
②Listening is a skill which most people lack...
聆听是多数人缺乏的技巧……
③look away from the person who is talking to you
把目光从和你交谈的人身上移开
3.祈使句＋and＋陈述句
Talk to a man about himself，and he will speak to you for hours!
和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！
Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)
1.It is mon to use small talk when you are waiting in a long lineup.(T)
2.Religion is a safe topic when we make small talk.(F)
3.It is rude for both children and adults not to make small talk with strangers.(F)
4.It is impolite to interrupt a conversation in order to make small talk.(T)
5.Politics is a topic which is controversial in small talk.(T)
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1.The first paragraph makes us know .
A.people will have some difficulty in making friends
B.what the writer will talk about in the following paragraphs
C.some people are nervous when at a social event
D.someone can help you overe your nervousness
答案B
2.Which of the following is what you should do when listening to the other speaking?
A.Saying “uhhuh” from time to time.
B.Sighing after the other says one sentence.
C.Looking away from the person who is talking to you when listening.
D.Changing the subject while the person is saying something about himself.
答案A
3.The topic sentence of the paragraph titled “Learn the rules” is .
A.when to leave and when not to leave
B.to be on time at the gatherings
C.that different cultures have different rules about social gatherings
D.that you should learn about the country’s customs after going there
答案C
4.What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
A.The rules to be a better listener.
B.How to use small talk correctly in our conversation.
C.Some tips on how to improve our social skills.
D.The different social customs in different countries.
答案C
Ⅲ.课文难句分析
1.Listening is a skill which most people lack，but munication is a twoway process—it involves speaking AND listening.
[句式分析]并列连词but连接两个并列分句，第一分句中关系代词which引导定语从句修饰先行词skill；第二分句中破折号后的句子是对上文的补充说明。

[自主翻译]倾听是大多数人所缺乏的技巧，而交流是双向的过程——它包括说和听两个方面。

2.In addition，you need to know how long you should stay，and when you have to leave.
[句式分析]
[自主翻译]另外，你需要知道该待多久，该在何时离开。

3.Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift，but in other places，you can take things，but you needn’t if you don’t want to.
[句式分析]
[自主翻译]有的主人希望能得到鲜花或小礼品，而在另一些地方你可以给主人送东西，但如果你不想送就没有必要送。

重点词汇
1.If you talk about these topics，is the conversation serious or small talk?
如果你谈论这些话题，对话是严肃的还是闲谈？
(1)These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not unmon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.
最近，违反交通规则和乱丢垃圾已是司空见惯，给人们的生活和环境带来了严重的危害。

(2)After careful examination，Jerry’s parents learnt there was nothing serious with his leg and let out a sigh of relief.
经过仔细的检查后，Jerry的父母知道他的腿没有什么严重的，并松了一口气。

(3)I was only joking，but he took it seriously(serious).我只是在开玩笑，但是他却当真了。

[单句改错]
(4)However，there are some things you should know if you are serious with
about the exam.
2.Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest?
你是否愿意参加聚会并自信地和每位来宾交谈？
(1)I did it because I am confident of my body and myself.我这么做的原因是我对自己和自己的身体都很自信。

(2)He answered that question with confidence.
他很自信地回答了那个问题。

(3)We have full confidence(confident) that we shall succeed.我们完全有把握取得成功。

[单句改错]
(4)I can
confident
confidently promise that this year is going to be very different.
3.Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don’t know?
你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？
(1)We live a happy life here and we lack for nothing.
我们在这儿生活幸福，什么也不缺。

(2)Many small plants in that country closed down for/through lack of fuel.由于燃料不足，那个国家很多小厂都关闭了。

(3)He is lacking(lack) in responsibility.
他缺乏责任心。

[单句改错]
(4)Hard work can often make up for a lack in
of ability.
4.It helps if you do a little advance planning.
如果你提前做好计划，将会对你有所帮助。

(1)The crowd advanced on the station.
人群向车站前进。

(2)If there is any change about the time of the meeting，please notify us in advance.开会时间如有变，请提前通知我们。

(3)Galileo’s ideas were in advance of the age in which he lived.
伽利略的思想远远超过了他所生活的时代。

[单句改错]
(4)This advance
advanced learner’s dictionary is very helpful.
5.think of things to tell people about your studies 想出一些有关你学习的事情来告诉别人
(1)It is important for us to think of others and be considerate to them.对于我们来说考虑其他人并体谅他们是重要的。

(2)I think of John as a sad person with little success in his life.
我认为约翰是个可悲的人，一辈子很少有什么成功。

(3)Do you think highly(high) of those who always help others?
你会高度评价那些总是帮助别人的人吗？
(4)Please think the plan over and let me know your decision.
请好好考虑那项计划，并把你的决定告诉我。

[一句多译]
(5)你觉得我们最新的产品和广告怎么样？
①What do you think of our newest product and ads? (think)
②How do you like our newest product and ads? (like)
6.Don’t look away from the person who’s talking to you.
不要把目光从正在跟你说话的人身上移开。

(1)Just a little patience，and we’ll look into the matter as soon as possible.
耐心点，我们将尽快调查这件事情。

(2)We shouldn’t look down on/upon the poor people.
我们不应该看不起穷人。

(3)He looked back on his childhood with mixed feelings.回想起童年，他百感交集。

[单句改错]
(4)She looked away
∧
from her puter and smiled at me.
(5)He has been looking forward to
go
going to England for a long time.
7.In addition，you need to know how long you should stay，and when you have to leave.另外，你需要知道该待多久，该在何时离开。

(1)In addition，our class also organized a variety of activities to enrich our spare time.
另外，我们班还组织了各种各样的活动来丰富我们的课余时间。

(2)In addition to my studies，I got involved in lots of extracurricular activities.
除了学习之外，我还参加了很多课外活动。

[句型转换]
(3)You need money and time.What’s more，you need hard work.
→You need money and time.Besides/In addition/Moreover/Furthermore，you need hard work.
经典句式
1.And they are easy to learn.
而且这些技巧学起来也很容易。

(1)He is easy to get along with.他很容易相处。

(2)The problems are impossible to settle(settle).
解决这些问题是不可能的。

(3)The chairs were fairly fortable to sit on.
这些椅子坐上去都相当舒适。

[句型转换]
(4)It is not easy for some students to learn Physics well.
→Physics is not easy for some students to learn well.
2.Talk to a man about himself，and he will speak to you for hours!
和一个人谈论他自己，他就会和你说上几个小时！
(1)Practise a lot and you will be fluent in speaking English.多练习，你的英语就会说得很流利。

(2)Try some of this juice—perhaps you’ll like it.
尝尝这种果汁，也许你会喜欢的。

(3)One more hour and I will finish it pletely.
再有一个小时，我就能全部完成了。

(4)Don’t jump the queue，or/otherwise other people will not be pleased.
不要插队，否则其他人会不高兴的。

[一句多译]
(5)遵从老师的建议，否则你会考试不及格的。

①Follow your teacher’s advice，or/otherwise you will fail in the exam.(祈使句)
②If you don’t follow your teacher’s advice，you will fail in the exam.(if条件句)
③Not following your teacher’s advice，you will fail in the exam.(非谓语动词)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Whatever your dreams are—do your best，and treat them seriously(serious).
2.Don’t be nervous about the ing exams.You have fully prepared for it.
3.His heroic behavior was highly thought of by people.
4.You can easily make up an excuse to avoid going(go) out with him.
5.My deskmate likes advanced(advance) mathematics very much and he does well in it.
6.Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.
7.It is a(n) informal(formal) party—you don’t have to dress up.
8.He said he was confident(confidence) that he could manage to pass the driving test.
9.Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit smoking.
10.He was so interested in the novel that he didn’t even look away from it when I left.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11.她真的要放弃这个机会吗？
Is she serious about giving up the opportunity?
12.现在许多航空公司允许乘客在网上打印登机牌以节约他们宝贵的时间。

(2017·北京) Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save their valuable time.
13.穿暖和点，不然你会感冒的。

Dress warmly，or/otherwise you’ll catch a cold.
14.除了数学，他英语也很好。

In addition to/Apart from/As well as Math，he is good at English.
15.你对这个计划是什么看法？
What do you think of this plan?
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
In your daily life，you often meet with such 16.embarrassing(embarrass) experiences—you try to avoid talking to someone 17.that/who you recognise when 18.crossing(cross) the street；you can’t talk 19.confidently(confident) in the face of all the guests at a party，and also，you lack the confidence to talk to others though you are eager to make friends with them.In a word，you feel nervous 20.when you are at a social event.
You needn’t worry about situations like these 21.if you have good social skills.They are easy 22.to learn (learn).People with good social skills municate well and know how 23.to have(have) a conversation.Here are a few 24.ideas(idea) to help you.
·Make good use of small talk in your conversation，but be careful of what topics are suitable and what are not.
·Try to be 25.a better listener with positive answers and body language.
·Try to find out social rules when you go to another country.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In most Englishspeaking countries，it is necessary and of great value
to make small talk in certain situations.There are a few different reasons
why people use small talk.The first，and most obvious，is to break an
unfortable silence.That is why it is so mon to make small talk when you
are waiting for something.Some people make small talk in order to be polite.You may not feel like chatting with anyone at a party，but if someone introduces you to another person who you do not know anything about，you have to start some small talk in order to show a polite interest in getting to know that person better.
There are certain “safe”topics that people usually make small talk about.The weather is probably the number one thing that people who do not know each other well discuss.Sometimes even friends and family members discuss the weather when they meet or mence a conversation.Another topic is current events.Sports news is a very mon topic，especially if a local team or player is doing extremely well or badly.Entertainment news，such as a celebrity(名人) who
is in town，is another good topic.If there is something that you and the other speaker have in mon，that may also be acceptable to talk about.
There are also some subjects that are not considered acceptable when you make small talk.Discussing personal information such as salaries or a recent divorce is not done between people who do not know each other well pliments(赞美) on clothing or hair are acceptable；however，you should never say anything (good or bad) about a person’s body.Also，it is not safe to discuss subjects that society thinks controversial(有争议的) such as religion or st，it is not wise to continue talking about an issue that the other person does not seem fortable with or interested in.
语篇解读本文是说明文。

介绍了闲聊的作用，及闲聊的安全话题及禁忌话题。

1.According to Paragraph 1，the author thinks that small talk in certain situations is .
A.boring
B.fixed
C.hard
D.important
答案D
解析推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句“...it is necessary and of great value to make small talk in certain situations.”可知，答案为D。

2.The most obvious purpose in making small talk is to .
A.make friends
B.break the silence
C.share ideas
D.wele others
答案B
解析细节理解题。

根据第一段第三句“The first，and most obvious，is to break an unfortable silence.”可知，答案为B。

3.The underlined word “mence” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.
A.finish
B.start
C.remember
D.change
答案B
解析词义猜测题。

根据语境可知，朋友和家人谈论天气是在他们见面或开始谈话时，故答
案为B。

4.If you are introduced to a stranger，you can start small talk by .
A.bringing some personal information
B menting on his body
C plimenting him on his clothes
D.discussing religion or politics
答案C
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段第三句中的“pliments(赞美) on clothing or hair are acceptable...”可知，答案为C。

B
(2017·辽宁葫芦岛一中高二检测)
The stories we share with one another are important.They show wisdom and provide inspiration.They are important to our development.But sometimes people choose not to tell.
Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news：People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.
There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told.Bobette Buster said it like this，“The fact is，history has shown us that stories not told can bee like a dangerous genie(妖怪) left in a bottle.When they are finally uncorked，their power to destroy is set free.”
There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story：they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages；they require courage and strength to share; and of course，there are some stories that should be kept secret—especially those that embarrass someone else.
Most of us have two selves：the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside.And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves，the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.
Honesty and openness is important：It proves we are trustworthy.It displays we are human.We are not perfect or better.It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development.Hard work may not allow us to overe our disadvantages pletely.But with hard work，we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.
Does this mean we admit every weakness，every disadvantage，and every secret regret to everybody we meet？No，of course not.There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.
语篇解读本文为议论文，作者论证了人们之间彼此分享自身经历的重要性。

5.What’s the function of the example in Paragraph 2?
A.It reflects that people are concerned about the spread of Ebola.
B.It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.
C.It proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.
D.It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.
答案C
解析推理判断题。

文章第一段告诉读者分享经历很重要；第二段介绍新闻封锁的负面影响，从反面证明不分享消息带来的麻烦，故答案为C项。

6.One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that .
A.storysharing highlights the importance of hard work
B.people are used to exposing their weaknesses
C.people sometimes have no courage to share their stories
D.some stories make themselves feel uneasy
答案C
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段中“...they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages；they require courage and strength to share...”可知人们之所以不愿意和别人分享自己的经历是因为他们缺乏勇气，故答案为C项。

7.The writer aims to convince us to .
A.be open to people close to you by sharing some secrets
B.share stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselves
C.remove the dangers that can be caused by untold stories
D.realize the importance of being honest when making friends
答案B
解析推理判断题。

通读全文尤其是第五段第二句“And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves，the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.”及文章最后一句可知作者写这篇文章的目的是说服我们为了自己和他人应适当分享自己的经历。

故答案为B项。

Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·江西吉水高二检测)
When Julio Diaz stepped off the subway platform after work one night，he was simply planning to walk over to his 8 local diner for a meal.But when a teenager boy 9 him with a knife，Diaz knew the evening was about to take a more 10 turn.
The young man 11 Diaz’s wallet，and Diaz passed it over without 12 .But just as the robber turned to walk away，Diaz called after him：“Hey，wait a minute.You forgot something.”
The robber turned around，13 .
“If you’re going to be 14 people for the rest of the night，you might as well take my coat to keep you 15 .”
The teenager looked at Diaz in 16 ，and asked why he would do such a thing.Diaz 17 ，“If you’re willing to risk your 18 for a few dollars，then I guess you must really need the money.”He told the young man that he’d just been heading out for dinner，and that he would be happy for some 19 .
The young robber decided to take Diaz up on his 20 ，and they headed into Diaz’s favorite local haunt(常去的地方) together.As they were sitting at the table，the manager，the dishwashers，and the 21 all said hello to Diaz，and the young man was 22 at his popularity.“You’re even nice to the dishwashers！” he exclaimed.
“Haven’t you been taught that you should be nice to everybody？” Diaz asked him.
“Yes，but I didn’t think people actually 23 that way，” the teenager replied.Thanks to Diaz，he was beginning to see that 24 wasn’t such a strange phenomenon.
When the bill came，Diaz told the teenager that he’d have to pay for the meal.After all，he still had Diaz’s 25 .
But the teenager slid the wallet back across the table without a moment’s thought，and Diaz 26 him to dinner.Diaz also gave the wouldbe robber a 20 bill to take with him—in 27 for the young man’s knife.
“I figure，you know，if you treat people right，you can only hope that they treat you right，”Diaz said.
语篇解读文章讲述Diaz在下了晚班去吃饭的路上被一个少年劫了钱包，尽管如此，Diaz 还是对少年表示关心，并请他共进晚餐，期间他让少年意识到人和人之间要友好对待。

8.A.popular B.favorite
C.perfect
D.wonderful
答案B
解析根据语境可知此处表示晚上下班后，Diaz计划去自己最喜欢的(favorite)餐馆吃饭。

下文第六段中的“Diaz’s favorite local haunt”亦是提示。

9.A.approved B.provided
C bined D.approached
答案D
解析根据语境可知此处表示一个拿着刀子的少年向他靠近(approach)。

10.A.dramatic B.smooth
C.natural
D.academic
答案A
解析根据语境可知此处表示Diaz认为今晚将会有戏剧性的(dramatic)转变。

smooth 平坦的；natural自然的；academic学术的。

11.A.picked B.demanded
C.returned
D.obtained
答案B
解析根据语境可知此处表示少年要了(demand)Diaz的钱包。

12.A.objection B.doubt
C.exception
D.invitation
答案A
解析根据语境可知此处表示Diaz没有反对，直接给了他。

objection反对；doubt 怀疑；exception例外；invitation邀请。

13.A.excited B.relaxed
C.surprised
D.satisfied
答案C
解析根据语境可知此处表示少年转过身，很吃惊(surprised)。

14.A.greeting B.troubling
C.robbing
D.stealing
答案C
解析根据语境可知此处句意为：如果今晚余下的时间你打算去抢劫(rob)别人的话，你不妨带走我的外套来保暖。

15.A.healthy B.warm
C.glad
D.rich
答案B
解析见上题解析。

keep warm保暖。

16.A.disbelief B.sorrow
C.horror
D.danger
答案A
解析根据语境可知此处表示少年不相信地看着Diaz。

disbelief不相信；sorrow悲伤；horror 害怕；danger危险。

17.A.reacted B.repeated
C.recited
D.replied
答案D
解析根据语境可知此处表示Diaz回答(reply)。

18.A.confidence B.peace
C.freedom
D.burden
答案C
解析根据语境可知此处表示如果你愿意冒着失去自由的风险来抢几美元。

confidence自信；peace和平；freedom自由；burden负担。

19.A fort B pany
C.assistance
D.devotion
答案B
解析根据语境可知此处表示Diaz打算去饭馆，很愿意让这个少年陪同。

fort安慰；pany陪伴；assistance帮助；devotion奉献。

20.A.trick B.advice
C.trap
D.offer
答案D
解析根据语境可知此处表示少年决定接受Diaz的邀请。

trick把戏，伎俩；advice建议；trap
陷阱；offer提议。

21.A.nurses B.students
C.waiters
D.farmers
答案C
解析根据语境可知此处表示餐馆里的人都认识Diaz。

waiters服务员。

22.A.amazed B.bored
C.tired
D.interested
答案A
解析根据语境可知此处表示这个少年很吃惊(amazed)。

23.A.responded B.discovered
C.chose
D.behaved
答案D
解析根据语境可知此处表示少年认为人们不会真得那么做。

respond 回复；discover发现；choose选择；behave表现。

24.A.happiness B.kindness
C.darkness
D.loneliness
答案B
解析根据语境可知此处表示友好不是一种奇怪的现象。

happiness幸福；kindness友好；darkness黑暗；loneliness孤独。

25.A.wallet B.coat
C.bag
D.hat
答案A
解析根据语境可知此处表示少年一直拿着Diaz的钱包(wallet)。

26.A.advised B pared
C.treated
D.led
答案C
解析根据语境可知此处表示Diaz请少年吃了一顿。

treat招待，款待。

27.A.charge B.control
C.support
D.exchange
答案D
解析根据语境可知此处表示交换少年的刀子。

in exchange for作为(对……的)交换。