备战高考之主语从句的用法总结学案

备战高考之主语从句的用法总结学案
存在这个问题，所以一般都会改为：
It surprises us all (that) he will come to our village tomorrow.
It is known to all (that) she used to be a spy.
（二）
如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构。

如：
That she is our English teacher is true. （她是我们的英语老师，是真的。

）
That he has been there twice is a fact. （他去过那儿两次了，是真的。

）
这两句话如果改为一般疑问句时，不能这么改：错误：Is that she is your English teacher true?
错误：Is that he has been there twice a fact?
而是要改为含有形式主语it的句子：
Is it true that she is your English teacher?
Is it a fact that he has been there twice?
（三）
在形式主语it引导的主语从句结构“It is+形容词/
名词/名词短语等+that主语从句”中，如果is后面的表语是表示重要或必要等（如important、necessary、a necessity等）含义时，that从句中的谓语动词一般要采
用“should + do”的虚拟语气形式，should经常省略。

如：
It is imperative that we (should) make a quick
decision. （我们要尽快做出决定。

）
It is necessary that we (should) learn English well.
（我们必须学好英语。

）
四、if/whether引导的主语从句
当主语从句本身含有是否的意思时，连接词必须用if或whether。

但是，如果主语从句位于句首时，只能用whether，不能用if。

如：
Whether it will do good to us remains to be seen. （是否对我们有害还要看一看。

）
这种情况下，因为主语从句也比较长，会导致头重脚轻的情况，所以也经常用形式主语it来代替，而把主语从句放到句末去。

此时，连接词除了用whether外，也可以用if。

如上面的句子就可以改为：
It remains to be seen if/whether it will do good to us.
再比如：
Whether the band would visit our city was still a mystery. （这个乐队是否会来我们城市仍然是个谜。

）上面的句子可以改为：
It was still a mystery if/whether the band would
visity our city.
五、连接代词引导的主语从句
常用来连接主语从句的连接代词有：who、whom、which、whose、whoever、whomever、whichever等。

这些连接代词在从句中有的作主语，有的作宾语，有的作定语。

如：
作主语：Who won the game hasn't been announced yet. （谁赢得了比赛，还没宣布。

）
作宾语：Whom you talked to just now will be confirmed later. （你刚才跟谁说话了，之后会证实的。

）作定语：Whichever nation explodes an atomic bomb will engage the whole world in war. （无论哪个国家使用原子弹都会使全世界卷入战争。

）
为了避免头重脚轻，这种情况下的主语从句也经常用形式主语it来代替，而把主语从句放到句末。

但是，连接代词始终都不能省略。

如上面的两句话可以改为：
It hasn't been announced yet who won the game.
It will be confirmed later whom you talked to just
now.
It will engage the whole world in war whichever
nation explodes an atomic bomb.
六、连接副词引导的主语从句
能够用来连接主语从句的连接副词主要有：when、where、why、how等。

这些连接副词在主语从句中作状语。

如：
When they will arrive at the station doesn't matter. （他们何时到站没有什么关系。

）
How the accident happended is still unknown. （这场事故是怎么发生的，还不清楚。

）
Why he was absent from the meeting remains a mystery. （他为什么没有参加会议仍然是个谜。

）Where I will spend my summer is none of your business. （我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。

）
为了避免头重脚轻，上面的句子可以改为：
It doesn't matter when they will arrive at the station. It is still unknown how the accident happended.
It remains a mystery why he was absent from the meeting.
It is none of your business where I will spend my summer.
七、what引导的主语从句
与that不同的是，what除了可以引导主语从句起连接作用外，还同时在从句中充当主语或宾语。

如：
作主语：What really matters is that she needs a shower at once. （真正重要的是，她得马上冲个澡。

）
作宾语：What I am worried about is their taking my son to France. （我担心的是他们要把我儿子带到法国去。

）有的时候，whatever也可以用来连接主语从句。

如：Whatever you do makes no difference to me. （你做什么对我来说都没区别。

）
需要注意的是，当what或whatever引导主语从句时，一般不能改为由形式主语it来引导的句子。

课后练习题
1、---Mary looks down today. What is up?
---Well, ______ happened between Mary and me is none of your business.
A. wherever
B. whoever
C. whatever
D. no matter what
2、___will do good to a senior student to do a part-time job--they will know more about society.
A. They
B. That
C. It
D. As
3、______ was found on the ground confirmed that fall had arrived in Canada.
A. It
B. That
C.
What D. When
4、The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally
speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A. where
B. whether
C. that
D. why
5、Since there are many excellent athletes competing
against each other in the game, it is uncertain
_______ he will succeed in winning the medal.
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. where
6、It suddenly occurred to him ____ he had left his keys in the office.
A. that
B. what
C. where
D. which
7、______ girls can be ______ they would like to be,
whether it is a pilot or an astronaut, is being
accepted all around the world.
A. What; whomever
B. That; whatever
C. If; whoever
D. 不填; whatever
8、_____ is known to all is that effective measures should
be taken to deal with the problem of the
over-exploiting of our resources.
A. What
B. It
C. As
D. Which
9、It was absurd that ________ those who had done better than him in this way.
A．did he envy B．he envied C．he was envied D．was he envied
10、It makes his life quite different ________he has received higher education abroad.
A．that B．which C．what D．how
11、________matters much ________the headmaster supports our activity.
A．It；whether B．What；whether
C．As；that D．That；if
12、________ was the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages.
A. It was the sun and not the earth
B. Being the sun and not the earth
C. That the sun not the earth
D. The sun and not the earth
13、___________ is when countries help each other and build a good friendship.
A. That is even better
B. It is even better
C. What is even better
D. Whether is even better
14、_________the college girl was enjoying the rainbow
after the thunderstorm when she fell down from the balcony of a six-storey building and got killed.
A. It is reported that
B. As it is reported,
C. As is reported that
D. It is reported by
15、—We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?
—No, I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.
A. who
B. that
C. what
D. which
16、__________ golf was first played in Scotland in the 15th century is generally agreed.
A. Whether
B. Why
C. That
D. What
17、--Steven has got the first prize in the math contest.
--____ he looks so happy today.
A. There’s no doubt that
B. It’s no
wonder that
C. This is no doubt whether
D. That is no wonder whether
18、______ is even more important is that the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
A. When
B. That
C. Which
D. What
19、—Didn’t you tell Tom about the meeting?
—_______I said to him goes in one ear and out the other.
A. However
B. No matter how
C. Whatever
D. No matter what
20、It is by no means clear_____ the president can do to end the strick.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. what
21、Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play
with fire, but ________ is difficult is to prevent
children from playing with fire.
A. it; it
B. what; what
C. it; what
D. what; it
22、____ gets well prepared will pass the exam easily.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. Those who
D. Anyone
23、____ made things worse, he said, was that his roommate never look part in any of the cleaning work．A．What B．Which C．That D．Who
24、______ female college graduates get a job appears to be rather difficult nowadays in China.
A. That
B. Why
C. What
D. Whether
25、______ the children dream about is the freedoms to develop their special gift.
A．Which B．What C．That D．How
26、_________ water to grow is well-known.
A. That trees need
B. These trees need
C. That tree needs
D. Trees need
27、_________ enters the computer rooms should take off his shoes in order to keep them clean enough.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. What
D. Whatever
28、______ the climate changes so much has caused
many discussions among the scientists.
A. What
B. Which
C. When
D. That
29、____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what
B. No matter which
C. Whatever
D. Whichever
30、I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter___I’m talking to.
A. who is it
B. who it is
C. it is who
D. it is whom
31、After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. how
32、At the evening party the host said________ was able to solve the riddle could get a nice present as a reward.
A．whoever B．who C．no matter who D．whomever
33、________ comes will be welcome to the open air concert.
A．Whatever B．Whoever C．No
matter what D．No matter who
34、It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．which
C．whether D．that
35、It is uncertain ___side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. whether
36、_______surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word.
A．he B．It C．This D．That
37、Does it matter much the sales manager won’t attend the meeting tomorrow?
A．if B．what C．when D．that
38、different life today is what it was 50 years ago.
A．How; from B．What a; from C．What; from D．What; with
39、—What made the teacher so angry?
—_________ late again.
A. Tom’s being
B. Because Tom was
C. Tom was
D. Tom being
40、It is not yet well understood _______ has made the rainforest disappear year by year.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
参考答案
1、C
2、C
3、C
4、B
5、C
6、A
7、B
8、A
9、B 10、A11、A 12、C 13、C 14、A 15、C 16、C
17、B 18、D 19、C 20、D21、C 22、B 23、A 24、
A 25、
B 26、A 27、B 28、D 29、D 30、B 31、B
32、A 33、B 34、D 35、B 36、B 37、D38、A 39、A40、A。