五年级英语独立主格结构单选50题

五年级英语独立主格结构单选50题
1. After the sports meeting ended, the students went home, ______ happily.
A. talking
B. talked
C. to talk
D. talk
答案：A。

本题考查独立主格结构作时间状语。

“talking”在此处是现在分词形式，表示主动和正在进行，“the students”与“talk”是主动关系，且动作正在进行。

选项B“talked”是过去式，不符合此处主动进行的语境。

选项C“to talk”表目的或将来，不符合题意。

选项D“talk”是动词原形，不能直接作状语。

2. When the bell rang, the teacher came in, ______ a book in his hand.
A. holding
B. held
C. to hold
D. hold
答案：A。

此题考查独立主格结构作时间状语。

“holding”是现在分词，“the teacher”与“hold”是主动关系，且动作正在进行。

选项B“held”是过去分词，表示被动，不符合此处主动的语境。

选项C“to hold”表目的，不符合此处情境。

选项D“hold”是动词原形，不能作状语。

3. As the sun set, the birds flew back to their nests, ______ tiredly.
A. flying
B. flown
C. to fly
D. fly
答案：A。

本题中独立主格结构作时间状语，“flying”是现在分词，“the birds”与“fly”是主动关系，且动作正在进行。

选项B“flown”是过去分词，表被动，不符合。

选项C“to fly”表目的或将来，不符。

选项D“fly”是动词原形，不能作状语。

4. Before the class began, the students sat quietly, ______ for the teacher.
A. waiting
B. waited
C. to wait
D. wait
答案：A。

这里考查独立主格结构作时间状语，“waiting”是现在分词，“the students”与“wait”是主动关系，且动作正在进行。

选项B“waited”是过去式，不符合主动进行的情况。

选项C“to wait”表目的，不合适。

选项D“wait”是动词原形，不能作状语。

5. While the children played in the park, the parents sat on the bench, ______ them.
A. watching
B. watched
C. to watch
D. watch
答案：A。

本题的独立主格结构作时间状语，“watching”是现在分词，“the parents”与“watch”是主动关系，且动作正在进行。

选项B“watched”是过去式，不符主动进行。

选项C“to watch”表目的，不合题意。

选项D“watch”是动词原形，不能作状语。

6. The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic.
A. The weather being fine
B. The weather was fine
C. Because the weather fine
D. Because of the fine weather
答案：A。

本题考查独立主格结构作原因状语。

A 选项“ The weather being fine ”是独立主格结构，“weather”和“being fine”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示“天气好”这个原因。

B 选项是一个完整的句子，与后面的句子之间需要连词连接。

C 选项“Because the weather fine”语法错误，缺少系动词“is”。

D 选项“Because of the fine weather”是介词短语，后面不能接句子。

7. There being no taxi, we had to walk home.
A. There being no taxi
B. There was no taxi
C. Because there was no taxi
D. Because of no taxi
答案：A。

A 选项“ There being no taxi ”是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语，表示“没有出租车”。

B 选项是一个完整的句子，不能直接这样使用。

C 选项“Because there was no taxi ”后面需要接完整的句子。

D 选项“Because of no taxi ”表达错误，应该是“Because of the absence of taxi ”。

8. So many people being absent, the meeting had to be put off.
A. So many people being absent
B. So many people were absent
C. Because so many people were absent
D. Because of so many people absent
答案：A。

A 选项“ So many people being absent ”是独立主格结构，表示“很多人缺席”这一原因。

B 选项是一个完整的句子，不符合独立主格结构的要求。

C 选项“Because so many people were absent ”后面需要接完整的句子。

D 选项“Because of so many people absent ”表达错误，应该是“Because of so many people being absent ”。

9. Time permitting, we will visit the museum.
A. Time permitting
B. Time permitted
C. Because time permits
D. Because of permitting time
答案：A。

A 选项“ Time permitting ”是独立主格结构，“time”和
“permitting”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示“时间允许”。

B 选项“ Time permitted ”逻辑关系错误。

C 选项“Because time permits ”后面需要接完整的句子。

D 选项“Because of permitting time ”表达错误，应该是“Because of the permitting time ”。

10. All the work done, they sat down to have a rest.
A. All the work done
B. All the work was done
C. Because all the work was done
D. Because of all the done work
答案：A。

A 选项“ All the work done ”是独立主格结构，表示“所有工作完成”这个原因。

B 选项是一个完整的句子。

C 选项“Because all the work was done ”后面需要接完整的句子。

D 选项“Because of all the done work ”表达错误，应该是“Because of all the work done ”。

11. Weather permitting, we will go for a picnic.
A. permitted
B. permitting
C. being permitted
D. having permitted
答案：B。

本题中“weather permitting”是独立主格结构作条件状语，表示“如果天气允许”。

Weather 与permit 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。

A 选项是过去分词，C 选项是现在分词的被动形式，D 选项having permitted 形式错误，均不符合条件状语的表达。

12. Time allowing, we can finish the work.
A. allowing
B. allowed
C. being allowed
D. having allowed
答案：A。

“time allowing”是独立主格结构作条件状语，time 和allow 是主动关系，用现在分词。

B 选项是过去分词，C 选项是现在分词的被动形式，D 选项having allowed 形式错误，不符合条件状语要求。

13. All the money spent, he had to go home.
A. spent
B. spending
C. being spent
D. having spent
答案：A。

“all the money spent”是独立主格结构作条件状语，money 与spend 之间是被动关系，用过去分词。

B 选项是现在分词，C 选项being spent 一般不用于独立主格结构作条件状语，D 选项having spent 形式错误。

14. More time given, we could do it better.
A. given
B. giving
C. being given
D. having given
答案：A。

“more time given”是独立主格结构作条件状语，time 与give 之间是被动关系，用过去分词。

B 选项是现在分词，C 选项being given 一般不用于此，D 选项having given 形式错误。

15. The test finished, we began our holiday.
A. finished
B. finishing
C. being finished
D. having finished
答案：A。

“the test finished”是独立主格结构作条件状语，test 与finish 是被动关系，用过去分词。

B 选项是现在分词，C 选项being finished 一般不用在此处，D 选项having finished 形式错误。

16. The children played happily in the park, their laughter ________ in the air.
A.ringing
B.rang
C.rung
D.to ring
答案：A。

本题中，“their laughter ringing in the air”是独立主格结构作伴随状语，“ringing”表示正在进行的动作。

B 选项“rang”是过去式，C 选项“rung”是过去分词，均不符合此处需要的进行时态。

D 选项“to ring”表示将来的动作，也不符合语境。

17. The actress danced gracefully on the stage, her dress ________ beautifully.
A.swinging
B.swung
C.to swing
D.being swung
答案：A。

“her dress swinging beautifully”是独立主格结构作伴随状语，“swinging”强调动作正在进行。

B 选项“swung”是过去式，C 选项“to swing”表将来，D 选项“being swung”表示被动，均不符合此处语境。

18. The athlete ran fast, the wind ________ against his face.
A.blowing
B.blew
C.to blow
D.blown
答案：A。

“the wind blowing against his face”是独立主格结构作伴随状语，“blowing”表示正在吹风。

B 选项“blew”是过去式，C 选项“to blow”表将来，D 选项“blown”是过去分词，表被动或完成，都不符合此语境。

19. The singer performed passionately, the audience ________ excitedly.
A.cheering
B.cheered
C.to cheer
D.being cheered
答案：A。

“the audience cheering excitedly”是独立主格结构作伴随状语，“cheering”表示观众正在欢呼。

B 选项“cheered”是过去式，C 选项“to cheer”表将来，D 选项“being cheered”表示正在被欢呼，不符合实际情况。

20. The band played loudly, the lights ________ brightly.
A.shining
B.shone
C.to shine
D.being shone
答案：A。

“the lights shining brightly”是独立主格结构作伴随状语，“shining”表示灯光正在闪耀。

B 选项“shone”是过去式，C 选项“to shine”表将来，D 选项“being shone”表示正在被照耀，不符合语境。

21. The prince entered the room, his sword _____.
A. in hand
B. in the hand
C. on hand
D. on the hand
答案：A。

本题考查独立主格结构。

“in hand”表示“在手中”，在句中作独立主格结构，作伴随状语，修饰“the prince entered the room”
这个动作。

B 选项“in the hand”强调特定的“那只手”，不符合此处语境；C 选项“on hand”表示“在手边；现有”；D 选项“on the hand”搭配不常见。

22. The witch flew away, her broomstick _____.
A. under her
B. below her
C. beneath her
D. beside her
答案：A。

这里是独立主格结构，“under her”表示“在她下面”，作伴随状语。

B 选项“below her”常指位置更低的下方；C 选项“beneath her”强调在正下方；D 选项“beside her”是“在她旁边”，均不符合题意。

23. The scientist conducted the experiment, the data _____.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to record
D. being recorded
答案：A。

“recorded”是过去分词，构成独立主格结构，“the data recorded”表示“数据被记录”，与“the scientist conducted the experiment”同时发生。

B 选项“recording”是现在分词，表示主动；C 选项“to record”表示目的；D 选项“being recorded”是现在分词的被动形式，强调正在被记录，均不符合此处逻辑。

24. The little girl played in the garden, her doll _____.
A. in her arms
B. on her arms
C. by her arms
D. with her arms
答案：A。

“in her arms”在句中作独立主格结构，表示“在她怀里”。

B 选项“on her arms”通常指在手臂上；
C 选项“by her arms”搭配不恰当；
D 选项“with her arms”表示“用她的手臂”，不符合语境。

25. The boy ran to school, his bag _____.
A. on his back
B. in his back
C. behind his back
D. at his back
答案：A。

“on his back”作独立主格结构，表示“在他背上”。

B 选项“in his back”不正确；C 选项“behind his back”表示“在他背后”；D 选项“at his back”不是常见的正确搭配。

26. The weather being fine, we went for a walk. 转换为分词短语是：
A. The weather was fine, we went for a walk.
B. Fine weather, we went for a walk.
C. With the weather fine, we went for a walk.
D. The fine weather, we went for a walk.
答案：C。

本题中，“The weather being fine”是独立主格结构，转换为分词短语是“With the weather fine”。

A 选项句子结构错误，B 和
D 选项不符合语法规则。

27. Time permitting, we will visit the museum. 转换为分词短语是：
A. Time permits, we will visit the museum.
B. If time permits, we will visit the museum.
C. With time permitting, we will visit the museum.
D. Permitting time, we will visit the museum.
答案：B。

“Time permitting”是独立主格结构，转换为分词短语是“If time permits”。

A 选项句子结构错误，C 选项表述不恰当，D 选项语序错误。

28. All the work done, they sat down to have a rest. 转换为分词短语是：
A. All the work was done, they sat down to have a rest.
B. With all the work done, they sat down to have a rest.
C. When all the work done, they sat down to have a rest.
D. All the done work, they sat down to have a rest.
答案：B。

“All the work done”是独立主格结构，转换为分词短语是“With all the work done”。

A 选项句子结构错误，C 选项缺少is，
D 选项表述错误。

29. The meeting over, they went home. 转换为分词短语是：
A. The meeting was over, they went home.
B. When the meeting was over, they went home.
C. With the meeting over, they went home.
D. The over meeting, they went home.
答案：C。

“The meeting over”是独立主格结构，转换为分词短语是“With the meeting over”。

A 选项句子结构错误，B 选项符合语法但不是分词短语，D 选项表述错误。

30. His homework finished, he went out to play. 转换为分词短语是：
A. His homework was finished, he went out to play.
B. When his homework was finished, he went out to play.
C. With his homework finished, he went out to play.
D. Finished his homework, he went out to play.
答案：C。

“His homework finished”是独立主格结构，转换为分词短语是“With his homework finished”。

A 选项句子结构错误，B 选项符合语法但不是分词短语，D 选项语序错误。

31. The children playing in the park, their parents sat on the bench and watched.
A. while
B. when
C. as
D. with
答案：A。

本题考查独立主格结构在复合句中的运用。

“The children playing in the park”是独立主格结构，“while”表示“当……的时候”，强调两个动作同时进行，符合语境。

32. All the work done, we went home happily.
B. when
C. while
D. as
答案：A。

“All the work done”是独立主格结构，“with + 名词+ 过去分词”表示原因，这里表示因为所有工作都完成了。

33. The meeting over, they went back to their offices.
A. when
B. while
C. with
D. as
答案：C。

“The meeting over”是独立主格结构，“with + 名词+ 形容词”，这里表示会议结束的状态。

34. He stood there, his hands in his pockets.
A. with
B. when
C. while
D. as
答案：A。

“his hands in his pockets”是独立主格结构，“with + 名词+ 介词短语”，表示伴随的状态。

35. The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic.
A. with
C. while
D. as
答案：D。

“The weather being fine”是独立主格结构，“as”表示原因，因为天气好所以决定去野餐。

36. While exploring the mysterious cave, the guide's torch going out, the team found themselves in darkness.
A. with
B. of
C. by
D. from
答案：A。

本题考查“with + 名词+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构，表示伴随状况。

“with the guide's torch going out”表示“导游的手电筒熄灭了”。

选项B“of”、选项C“by”和选项D“from”均不能构成这种独立主格结构。

37. On their adventure in the forest, the birds singing happily, they felt very relaxed.
A. the
B. with
C. without
D. for
答案：B。

这里用“with + 名词+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构，
“with the birds singing happily”表示“鸟儿欢快地歌唱着”。

选项A“the”、选项C“without”和选项D“for”都无法构成合适的独立主格结构来表达这种伴随情况。

38. The detective entered the room, the door remaining unlocked, which was very dangerous.
A. with
B. of
C. by
D. as
答案：A。

“with + 名词+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构，“with the door remaining unlocked”意思是“门仍然没锁”。

选项B“of”、选项C“by”和选项D“as”不能构成这样准确表达伴随状况的独立主格结构。

39. During the treasure hunt, the map being lost, they had to rely on their memory.
A. with
B. of
C. without
D. from
答案：A。

此句使用“with + 名词+ 现在分词”的独立主格结构，“with the map being lost”表示“地图丢了”。

选项B“of”、选项C“without”和选项D“from”均无法形成这种正确的独立主格结构。

40. In the haunted house, the candles burning low, they became scared.
A. with
B. of
C. without
D. from
答案：A。

“with + 名词+ 现在分词”构成独立主格结构，“with the candles burning low”意为“蜡烛烧得很低”。

选项B“of”、选项C“without”和选项D“from”都不能构建这种表达伴随状态的独立主格结构。

41. The teacher entered the classroom, her face ______ with a smile.
A. shining
B. shone
C. to shine
D. shine
答案：A。

本题考查独立主格结构，“her face shining with a smile”中，“shining”是现在分词，在此表示主动和正在进行，“她的脸正带着微笑闪耀着”，强调动作正在进行。

42. The game over, all the students went home, ______ tired.
A. feeling
B. felt
C. feel
D. to feel
答案：A。

“feeling tired”是独立主格结构，“feeling”是现在分词，
表主动，“感到累”。

43. The sun rising, the birds started singing ______.
A. happily
B. happy
C. happier
D. more happily
答案：A。

“singing happily”中“happily”是副词，修饰动词“singing”，在独立主格结构中作状语。

44. The wind blowing strongly, the trees shook ______.
A. violent
B. violently
C. more violent
D. violence
答案：B。

“shook violently”中“violently”是副词，修饰动词“shook”，体现树摇晃的剧烈程度。

45. The rain falling, the ground became ______ wet.
A. very
B. too
C. quite
D. much
答案：A。

“very wet”中“very”是副词，修饰形容词“wet”，在独立主格结构中描述地面的湿润程度。

46. Weather permitting, we will go for a picnic.
A. permitted
B. permitting
C. permits
D. permit
答案：B。

本题考查独立主格结构，“weather permitting”中，weather 与permit 之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。

47. The work done, he went home.
A. done
B. doing
C. to do
D. do
答案：A。

在“the work done”中，work 与done 是被动关系，用过去分词。

48. Time allowing, we will visit the museum.
A. allowing
B. allowed
C. allows
D. allow
答案：A。

“time allowing”中，time 与allowing 是主动关系，用现在分词。

49. The meeting over, they went home.
A. over
B. is over
C. was over
D. were over
答案：A。

“the meeting over”是独立主格结构，over 表示结束，是形容词。

50. All the money spent, he had to borrow some.
A. spent
B. spending
C. spends
D. spend
答案：A。

“all the money spent”中，money 与spent 是被动关系，用过去分词。

解析：独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词（ 现在分词、过去分词、不定式）、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。

在判断使用哪种非谓语动词时，主要看名词或代词与动词之间的主被动关系。

主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。