2019考研英语大作文名师押题汇总【英语一】
2019年全国研究生考试英语(一)真题及答案解析
2019年全国研究生考试英语（一）真题及答案解析Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land...When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people.If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due toroads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.1. [A]Some [B]Most [C]Few [D]All2. [A]put[B]take[C]run [D]come3. [A]Since [B] If [C] Though [D]Until4. [A]formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally5. [A] back [B] next [C] around [D] away6. [A]onto [B]off[C]across [D]alone7. [A]unattractive[B] uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar8. [A] site[B]point [C]way [D]place9. [A] So [B] Yet [C]Instead [D]Besides10. [A]immediately [B] intentionally [C]unexpectedly [D] eventually11. [A]surprised [B]annoyed [C]frightened [D]confused12. [A] problem [B]option [C]view [D]result13. [A] Above all [B]In contrast [C] On average [D] For example14. [A]bridge [B]avoid [C]spot [D]separate15. [A] from [B] through [C]beyond [D] under16. [A] posts [B]links [C]shades [D]breaks17. [A] artificial [B] mysterious [C] hidden [D] limited18. [A] Finally [B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D] Generally19. [A] memories [B] marks [C] notes [D] belongings20. [A] restrict [B] adopt [C] lead [D] expose1-20参考答案及解析：1. 生活在一个GPS系统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上轻易获取”。
2019考研《英语一》新题型密押：排序题及答案
2019考研《英语一》新题型密押：排序题及答案Passage 1Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs A and D have been correctly placed.[A] Subscription has proved by far the best way ofpaying for high瞦uality television. Advertising veers up and down with the economic cycle, and can be skipped by using digital video recorders. And any outfit that depends on advertising is liable to worry more about offendingadvertisers than about pleasing viewers. Voluntarysubscription is also preferable to the compulsory, universal variety that pays for the BBC and other European public broadcasters. A broadcaster supported by a tax on everyone must try to please everyone. And a government can starvepublic broadcasters of money, too—as the BBC is painfully learning.[B] What began as an interesting experiment has becomethe standard way of supporting high瞦uality programming.Most of the great television dramas that are watched in America and around the world appear first on pay睺V channels. Having shown others how to make gangster dramas with “The Sopranos”, HBO is laying down the standard for fantasy with “Game of Thrones”. Other pay睺V channels have delved into 1960s advertising (“Mad Men”), drug dealing (“Breaking Bad”) and Renaissance court society (“The Borgias”). Pay睺V firms outside America, like Britain餾 BSkyB, are beginningto pour money into original series. Talent is drifting to pay瞭elevision, in part because there are fewer appealing rolesin film. Meanwhile, broadcast networks have retreated into a safe zone of sitcoms, police procedurals and singing competitions.[C] But pay television is now under threat, especiallyin America. Prices have been driven so high at a time of economic malaise that many people simply cannot afford it. Disruptive, deep瞤ocketed firms like Amazon and Netflix lurk, whispering promises of internet瞕elivered films andtelevision shows for little or no money. Whether the lure of such alternatives or poverty is what is causing people to cancel their subscriptions is not clear. But the proportionof Americans who pay for TV is falling. Other countries may follow.[D] Pay TV executives argue that people will always find ways of paying for their wares, perhaps by cutting back on cinema tickets or bottled water. That notion seemsincreasingly hopeful. Every month it appears more likely that the pay TV system will break down. The era of ever瞘rowing channel choice is coming to an end; cable and satellite distributors will begin to prune the least popular ones. They may push “best of basic” packages, offering the most desirable channels—and perhaps leaving out sport. In themost disruptive scenario, no longer unimaginable, pay睺V would become a free for all, with channels hawking themselves directly to consumers, perhaps sending their content over the internet. How can media firms survive in such a world?[E] Fifteen years ago nearly all the television shows that excited critics and won awards appeared on free broadcast channels. Pay瞭elevision (or, as many Americans call it, “cable”) was the domain of repeats, music videos and televangelists. Then HBO, a subscription outfit mostly known for boxing and films, decided to try its hand at hour long dramas.[F] But television as a whole should emerge stronger. If people buy individual channels rather than a huge bundle, they will have to think about what they really value—the more so because each channel will cost more than it does at present. Media firms will improve their game in response. The activity that diverts the average American for some four and a half hours each day should become more gripping, not less.[G] It won餿 be easy. They will have to start marketing heavily： at present the pay睺V distributors do that for them. They must produce much more of their own programming. Repeats and old films lose their appeal in a world in which consumers can instantly call up vast archives. If they are to sell directly to the audience they will have to become technology firms, building apps and much slicker websites than they have now, which anticipate what customers might want to watch.1→2→A→3→D→4→5Passage 2Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numberedboxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs D and E have been correctly placed.[A] For publishers, though, it is a dangerous time. Book publishing resembles the newspaper business in the late 1990s, or music in the early 2000s. Although revenues are fairly stable, and the traditional route is still the only way to launch a blockbuster, the climate is changing. Some of the publishers functions—packaging books and promoting them to shops—are becoming obsolete. Algorithms and online recommendations threaten to replace them as arbiters of quality. The tide of self瞤ublished books threatens to swamp their products. As bookshops close, they lose a crucial showcase. And they face, as the record companies did, a near瞞onopoly controlling digital distribution：Amazon’s grip over the ebook market is much like Apple’s control of music downloads.[B] They also need to become more efficient. Digital books can be distributed globally, but publishers persist in dividing the world into territories with separate editorial staffs. In the digital age it is daft to take months or even years to get a book to market. And if they are to distinguish their wares from self瞤ublished dross, they must get betterat choosing books, honing ideas and polishing copy. If publishers are to hold readers’ attention they must tell a better story—and edit out all the spelling mistakes as well.[C] For readers, this is splendid. Just as Amazon collapsed distance by bringing a huge range of books to out瞣f瞭he瞱ay places, it is now collapsing time, by enabling readers to download books instantly. Moreover, anybody cannow publish a book, through Amazon and a number of other services.[D] During the next few weeks publishers will release a crush of books, pile them onto delivery lorries and fight to get them on the display tables at the front of bookshops in the run瞮p to Christmas. It is an impressive display of competitive commercial activity. It is also increasingly pointless.[E] Yet there are still two important jobs for publishers. They act as the venture capitalists of the words business, advancing money to authors of worthwhile books that might not be written otherwise. And they are editors, picking good books and improving them. So it would be good, not just for their shareholders but also for intellectual life, if they survived.[F] More quickly than almost anyone predicted, e瞓ooks are emerging as a serious alternative to the paper kind. Amazon, comfortably the biggest e瞓ook retailer, has lowered the price of its Kindle e瞨eaders to the point where people do not fear to take them to the beach. In America, the most advanced market, about one fifth of the largest publishers sales are of e books. Newly released blockbusters may sell as many digital copies as paper ones. The proportion is growing quickly, not least because many bookshops are closing.[G] They are doing some things right. Having watched the record companies impotence after Apple wrested control of music pricing from them, the publishers have managed toretain their ability to set prices. But they are missing some tricks. The music and film industries have started to bundleelectronic with physical versions of their products—by, for instance, providing those who buy a DVD of a movie with a code to download it from the internet. Publishers, similarly, should bundle e books with paper books.D→1→2→3→E→4→5Passage 3Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed.[A] Fifteen years ago Vincent Bolloré, a French industrialist, decided to get into the business ofelectricity storage. He started a project to produce rechargeable batteries in two small rooms of his family mansion in Brittany. “I asked him, ‘what are you doing? and I told him to stop, that it wouldn t go anywhere,” says Alain Minc, a business consultant in Paris who has advised Mr Bolloré for many years. Fortunately, he says, Mr Bolloré continued.[B] The real aim for Mr Bolloré, however, is to showcase his battery technology. His group has developed a type of rechargeable cell, called a lithium瞞etal polymer (LMP) battery. This is different from the lithium瞚on batteries used by most of the car industry. Mr Bolloré believes fervently that his batteries are superior, mainly because they are safer. Lithium瞚on batteries can explode if they overheat—which in the past happened in some laptops.Carmakers incorporate safety features to prevent the batterys cells from overheating.[C] The city of Paris will cover most of the cost of the stations, but Mr Bolloré will pay an estimated 105m to supply his design of “Bluecar” vehicles and their batteries. He will bear a further 80m a year in running costs. The city餾estimates for how popular the new service will be are highly optimistic, said a recent study by the government. Autolib could make 33ma year for Mr Bolloré, according to the study, but it could easily just breakeven or lose as much as60mannually. Autolib will also be the first time the group has operated in a big consumer瞗acing business where it will be held directly responsible for problems such as vandalism or breakdowns.[D] Going up against the rest of the car industry may seem quixotic. Before he won Autolib, Mr Bolloré says, people may well have thought he and his team were mad to ventureinto such a new area. But they underestimated his group餾knowledge of electricity storage, he maintains. And if the growing number of electric cars on the road does lead to safety concerns over batteries, then Mr Bolloré餾 LMP technology could move from the margin to the mainstream—provided, of course, they pass their test on the streets of Paris.[E] “Being a family c ompany means we can invest for the long term,” says Mr Bolloré, who has spent 1.5 billion on battery development since 1996. Most of his group餾 money comes from transport and logistics, with a strong position in Africa, and from petrol distribution in Fran ce. Mr Bolloréhas also made billions from financial investments such as in Rue Imperiale, a holding company. Autolib will be keenly watched throughout the car industry. It is the first large瞫cale city car瞫haring service to use only electric vehicles from the outset; a scheme in Ulm in Germany, by contrast, started with diesel vehicles. Running Autolib could mean shouldering substantial losses for the Bolloré Group. Mr Bolloré was not expected to win the contract, but did so mainly because he offered low rental charges for drivers.[F] Mr Bolloré餾 LMP batteries are said to be more stable when being charged and discharged, which is when batteries come under most strain. Just two European carmakers have seen the batteries, which are made only by the Bolloré Group. One car瞚ndustry executive says that though the LMP technology is attractive from a safety point of view, the batteries have to be heated up to function—which takes power and makes them less convenient to use.[G] Mr Bolloré餾 technology is about to hit the road. In 2010 his group won a contract to run Autolib, a car瞫haring scheme designed by Bertrand Delan塭, the mayor of Paris, which will put 3,000 electric vehicles on the city s streets along with 1,120 stations for parking and recharging. Construction of the stations started in the summer, and Mr Bolloré will begin testing the service on October 1st before opening it to the public in December. Rechargeable batteries are now an important technology for the global car industry as it starts to make ever more electric and hybrid vehicles. Renault, a French manufacturer, is alone investing 4 billion ($5.6 billion) in a range of electric models which it will start selling this autumn. Many producers will unveil newelectric vehicles next week when the Frankfurt Motor Show opens.1→2→3→C→4→F→5Passage 4Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs A and D have been correctly placed.[A] The contest has been held in anticipation of a new era of pylon building. By 2020, a quarter of the country餾current generating capacity will need replacing; the government hopes the new supply will come from renewable sources such as onshore and offshore wind farms. Today餾offshore capacity is just 7% of ministers targets for the end of the decade—and all of the new generation out to sea will need to land transmission cables ashore. The existing electricity grid is in the wrong place for many of these new sources of power. That creates a paradox： trying to save the world by cutting carbon emissions means scarring particular bits of it by dragging new power lines through scenic countryside.[B] This is an old problem. The launch of Britain餾national electricity grid in 1933 was decried for desecrating the landscape. More recently, the location of wind farms has prompted similar debates. The difficulty with pylons is that they go everywhere. Scotland has had nearly five years of disputes over the planned 600瞤ylon upgrade of a transmission line running from Beauly in the Highlands to thecentral belt where more electricity is used. The same clashes will now play out in England and Wales. A new planning commission was set up in 2009 to speed up the glacial pace of infrastructure decision瞞aking. But weighing economic demands against beauty remains a thorny and potentially time-consuming job.[C] Opponents of towering pylons say the answer is to bury power lines： at present only 950km of Britain餾13,000km of high瞯oltage cable runs underground, most of it in urban areas. But sinking wires, which means clearing a corridor 17m to 40m wide and cannot be done in all terrains, carries an environmental toll too. “You are effectively sterilising land use in the area,” says Richard Smith of National Grid; no planting, digging or building is allowed. That makes installing subsurface cables 12 to 17 times as pricey as overhead lines, according to National Grid (they also need replacing sooner). Since consumers pay for this through their electricity bills, everyone would have to fork out to protect the views and house prices of a few people.[D] So finding a new shape for pylons may be only one aspect of the coming power rows. But it will be a tricky one. Typically the best designs combine elegance with utility. Yet rather than being a feature in itself, the optimal pylon blends in with nature. That餾 a tough task for 20 tons of steel, however impressively shaped.[E] The skeletal, lattice design of Britain餾electricity pylons has changed little since the first one was raised in 1928. Many countries have copied these “striding steel sentries”, as the poet Stephen Spender called them;more than 88,000 now march across the country餾intermittently green and pleasant land.[F] Now six new models are vying to replace these familiar steel towers. The finalists in a government瞫ponsored competition to design a new pylon include a single shard spiking into the sky and an arced, open bow. After a winner is picked in October, National Grid, which runs the electricity瞭ransmission network, will decide whether to construct it.[G] But the price of despoiling pretty scenery is hard to calculate. The risk is that the cost of damaging the landscape is ignored because it is not ascribed a monetary value, says Steve Albon, co瞐uthor of a government瞔ommissioned report on how much the natural environment contributes to Britain餾 economy. As yet, though, no one has found an easy or accepted measure of this worth to help make decisions.1→2→A→3→4→5→DPassage 5Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs C and E have been correctly placed.[A] Nor can it buy companies as freely as postal services in Europe, Canada or Asia have been doing for the past decade. Many European countries, as well as New Zealand and Japan, have already privatised or liberalised their postal services. Combined, foreign posts now get most oftheir revenue from new businesses such as retailing orbanking for consumers, or warehousing and logistics for companies.[B] THE US Postal Service has an unofficial creed that harks back to Herodotus, who was admiring the Persian Empire餾 stalwart messengers. Its own history is impressive too, dating to a royal license by William and Mary in 1692, and including Benjamin Franklin as a notable postmaster, both for the crownand then for the newly independent country. Ever since, the post has existed “to bind the Nation together”.[C] Quasi瞚ndependent since 1970, the post gets nopublic money. And yet it is obliged (as FedEx and UPS are not) to visit every mailbox, no matter how remote, six days a week. This has driven the average cost of each piece of mail upfrom 34 cents in 2006 to 41 cents. Yet the post is notallowed to raise prices (of stamps and such) willy瞡illy; a 2006 law set formulas for that. So in effect, the post cannot control either its costs or its revenues.[D] So America餾 post is looking for other solutions. It is planning to close post offices; up to 3,653, out of about 32,000. This month it announced plans to lay off another120,000 workers by 2015, having already bidden adieu to some 110,000 over the past four years (for a total of about560,000 now). It also wants to fiddle with its workers pensions and health care.[E] Ultimately, says Mr Donahoe, the post will have to stop delivering mail on Saturdays. Then perhaps on other days too. The post has survived new technologies before, he points out. “In 1910, we owned the most horses, by 1920 we ownedthe most vehicles.” But the internet just might send it the way of the pony express.[F] But as ever more Americans go online instead of sending paper, the volume of mail has been plummeting. The decline is steeper than even pessimists expected a decade ago, says Patrick Donahoe, the current postmaster瞘eneral. Worse, because the post must deliver to every address in the country—about 150m, with some 1.4m additions every year—costs are simultaneously going up. As a result, the post has lost $20 billion in the last four years and expects to lose another $8 billion this fiscal year.[G] And although the recession made everything worse,the internet is the main culprit. As Christmas cards havegone online (and “green”), so have bills. In 2000, 5% of Americans paid utilities online. Last year 55% did, and eventually everybody will, says Mr Donahoe. Photos now go on Facebook, magazines come on iPads. Already, at least for Americans under a certain age, the post delivers only badnews or nuisances, from jury summonses to junk mail. Pleasant deliveries probably arrive by a parcel service such as UPS or FedEx.1→2→3→C→4→5→EPassage 6Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs A and B have been correctly placed.[A] Among national newspapers, paywalls are still rare, though the New York Times and the Times of London both have them. Most wall瞓uilding is being done by small local outfits. “Local newspapers are more vital to their communities, a nd they have less competition,” explains Ken Doctor, the author of “Newsonomics”[B] The paywall瞓uilders tend to report a drop in online traffic. But not usually a steep drop, and not always an enduring one. Oklahoma餾 Tulsa World, which started demanding subscriptions from heavy online readers in April, reports that traffic in August of this year was higher than a year earlier. One possible explanation, odd as it may sound, is that readers are still discovering its website. “We have paper subscribers who want nothing to do with the internet,” explains Robert Lorton, the Tulsa World餾 publisher. Fewer than half of the newspaper餾 print subscribers have so far signed up for unrestricted free access to the website. Other newspapers report similar proportions.[C] That suggests the game is not over. The early瞐dopting young abandoned print newspapers long ago. But many newspapers have a surprisingly large, if dwindling, herd of paying customers. They will milk them as hard as they can.[D] On October 10th the Baltimore Sun will join a fast瞘rowing club. The newspaper will start tracking the number of times people read its stories online; when they reach a limit of 15 a month, they will be asked to pay. Local bloggers may squawk about content wanting to be free. But perhaps not as much as they would have done a few months ago. There is a sense of inevitability about paywalls. In April 2010PaidContent, an online publication, found 26 American local and metropolitan newspapers charging for online access. Several times that number now do so. More than 100 newspapers are using Press+, an online payment system developed in part by a former publisher of the Wall Street Journal. Media News, a newspaper group, put up two paywalls in 2010; it has erected 23 so far this year.[E] Why the rush? One reason is that building paywalls has become easier： Press+ and Google餾 One Pass will collect online subscriptions on behalf of newspapers, skimming alittle off the top. The popularity of Apple餾 iPad is another explanation. Many newspapers have created paid瞗or apps. There is little point doing that if a tablet user can simply read the news for free on a web browser. But the big push comes from advertising—or the lack of it.[F] The most ambitious architects are in Europe. Since May Slovakia has had a virtual national paywall—a single payment system that encompasses nine of the country餾 biggest publications. Slovaks who want to read news online pay 2.90 ($3.90) a month, which is split between the newspapers according to a formula that accounts for where people signed up and how heavily they use each publication餾 website. Piano Media, which built the system, plans to launch another national paywall in Europe early next year.[G] Jim Moroney, publisher of the Dallas Morning News,s ays American newspapers used to abide by an “8020” rule. That is, 80% of their revenues came from advertising and 20% came from subscriptions. Those days are over. Newspaper advertising, print and online combined, has crashed from $9.6billion in the second quarter of 2008 to $6 billion in the second quarter of 2011, according to the NewspaperAssociation of America. Few believe it will ever fully recover. So the race is on to build a subscription business, both in print (cover prices are going up) and online.1→A→2→3→4→B→5Passage 7Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs A and G have been correctly placed.[A] A GOOD unit of measurement, writes Robert Crease, must satisfy three conditions. It has to be easy to relate to, match the things it is meant to measure in scale (no point using inches to describe geographical distances) and be stable. In his new book, “World in the Balance”, Mr Crease, who teaches philosophy at Stony Brook University on LongIsland and writes a column for the magazine Physics World, describes man餾 quest for that metrological holy grail. Inthe process, he shows that the story of metrology, notobvious material for a page瞭urner, can in the right hands make for a riveting read.[B] In response the metre, from the Greek metron, meaning “measure”, was ushered in, helped along by French revolutionaries, eager to replace the Bourbon toise (just under two metres) with an all瞡ew, universal unit. The metre was to be defined as a fraction of the Paris meridian whose precise measurement was under way. Together with the kilogram,initially the mass of a decaliter of distilled water, it formed the basis of the metric system.[C] Successful French metrological diplomacy meant that in the ensuing decades the metric system supplanted a hotchpotch of regional units in all bar a handful of nations. Even Britain, long wedded to its imperial measures, caved in. (Americans are taking longer to persuade.) In 1875 Nature, a British magazine, hailed the metric system as “one of the greatest triumphs of modern civilisation”. Paradoxically, Mr Crease argues, it thrived in part as a consequence of British imperialism, which all but wiped out innumerable indigenous measurement systems, creating a vacuum that the new framework was able to fill.[D] For all its diplomatic success, though, the metre failed to live up to its original promise. Tying it to the meridian, or any other natural benchmark, proved intractable. As a result, the unit continued to be defined in explicit reference to a unique platinum瞚ridium ingot until 1960. Only then was it recast in less fleeting terms： as amultiple of the wavelength of a particular type of light. Finally, in 1983, it was tied to a fundamental physical constant, the speed of light, becoming the distance light travels in 1/299,792,458 of a second. (The second had by then itself got a metrological makeover： no longer a 60th of a60th of a 24th of the period of the Earth餾 rotation, it is currently the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of a phenomenon called microwave transition in an atom ofcaesium133.)[E] The earliest known units met the first two of Mr Crease餾 requirements well. Most were drawn from things to hand： the human body (the foot or the mile, which derives from the Latin milia passuum, or 1,000 paces) and tools (barrels, cups). Others were more abstract. The journal (from jour, French for “day”), used in medieval France, was equivalent to the area a man could plough in a day with a single ox, as was the acre in Britain or the morgen in north Germany and Holland.[F] But no two feet, barrels or workdays are quite the same. What was needed was “a foot, not yours or mine”.Calls for a firm standard that was not subject tofluctuations or the whim of feudal lords, grew louder in the late 17th century. They were a consequence of the beginnings of international trade and modern science. Both required greater precision to advance.[G] Now the kilogram, the last artefact瞓ased unit, awaits its turn. Adding urgency is the fact the “real” kilogram, stored in a safe in the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Sèvres, near Paris, seems to be shedding weight relative to its official copies. Metrologists are busy trying to recast it in terms of Planck餾 constant, a formula which is deemed cosmicly inviolate, as is the speedof light (pending further findings from CERN, anyway). In his jolly book, Mr Crease is cheering them on.A→1→2→3→4→5→GPassage 8Directions： For question 1—5, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs B and G have been correctly placed.[A] There are doubters, of course. The cost ofelectricity may rise, and some polluters may flee the state, taking jobs away. But California already has one in four of America餾 solar瞖nergy jobs and will add many more. Sun, wind, geothermal, nuclear：“We need it all,” says Terry Tamminen, who advised Mr Schwarzenegger. The state is setting up an “interesting experiment”, he thinks. “California goes one way, the United States another.”[B] To Europeans, Asians and Australians, this may seem nothing much. After all, the European Union already has a similar emissions瞭rading market, and a carbon tax is now wending its way through the Australian legislature. India have adopted versions of carbon taxes or emissions trading. But California is in America, which has taken a sharp turn in the opposite direction. Congress debated a cap瞐nd瞭rade system in 2009, but then allowed it to die. Republicans attacked it as “cap瞐nd瞭ax”, and increasingly deny that climate change is a problem at all. Some even point to the bankruptcy of Solyndra, a Californian maker of solar panels which had received lots of federal money, as proof that renewable energy is a wasteful pinko pipe瞕ream.[C] But California is staying its course. Besides cap瞐nd瞭rade, its climate瞔hange law calls for lower exhaust瞤ipe emissions from vehicles and cleaner appliances, and requires the state餾 utilities to use renewable energy for。
一九年全国一卷英语作文
一九年全国一卷英语作文The Importance of Developing Critical Thinking Skills。
In today's rapidly changing world, it has become increasingly important for individuals to possess strong critical thinking skills. Critical thinking is the ability to analyze, evaluate, and make reasoned judgments based on evidence and logic. It is a vital skill that enables us to navigate through complex problems, make informed decisions, and adapt to new situations. In this article, we will explore the significance of developing critical thinking skills and discuss some effective strategies for enhancing this essential skill.Firstly, critical thinking skills are crucial for academic success. In an era where information is readily available at our fingertips, it is essential to be able to discern reliable sources from misinformation. By developing critical thinking skills, students can evaluate the credibility and validity of information, enabling them to make informed judgments and produce high-quality academic work. Moreover, critical thinking fosters independent and creative thinking, allowing students to generate unique ideas and perspectives.Furthermore, critical thinking skills are invaluable in the workplace. Employers are increasingly seeking individuals who can think critically and solve complex problems. In a highly competitive job market, possessing strong critical thinking skills can give individuals a significant advantage. Critical thinkers are able to analyze situations, identify potential issues, and propose effective solutions. They can also adapt to new technologies and changing business environments, making them valuable assets to any organization.Additionally, critical thinking skills are essential for personal growth and development. By cultivating critical thinking abilities, individuals can better understand themselves and the world around them. Critical thinkers are more open-minded, willing to consider different perspectives, and challenge their own beliefs. They are better equipped to handle disagreements and conflicts, as they can evaluate argumentsobjectively and engage in constructive dialogue. Moreover, critical thinking enables individuals to make better decisions in their personal lives, from choosing a career path to managing relationships.So, how can we develop critical thinking skills? One effective strategy is to ask questions. By asking thought-provoking questions, we can delve deeper into a topic, challenge assumptions, and uncover underlying biases. Another approach is to engage in active listening and critical reading. By actively engaging with information, we can evaluate its credibility, identify key arguments, and consider alternative viewpoints. Additionally, engaging in debates and discussions with others can help us refine our critical thinking skills by exposing us to different perspectives and challenging our own beliefs.In conclusion, developing critical thinking skills is of utmost importance in today's fast-paced and complex world. It is a skill that empowers individuals to analyze, evaluate, and make informed judgments. Whether in academia, the workplace, or personal life, critical thinking skills are essential for success and personal growth. By asking questions, engaging in active listening and critical reading, and participating in debates and discussions, we can enhance our critical thinking abilities and become more effective problem solvers and decision-makers. So, let us embrace the power of critical thinking and unlock our full potential.。
2019考研英语一作文
2019考研英语一作文The Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Communication。
In recent years, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate with one another, making it easier and faster to connect with people from all over the world. However, while social media has many benefits, it also has some negative effects on our interpersonal communication.On the one hand, social media has made it easier for people to connect with one another. With the click of a button, we can send a message or share a post with our friends, family, and colleagues. Social media has also made it easier for us to maintain relationships with people who live far away, allowing us to stay in touch and keep up with their lives. This has helped to strengthen our social networks and promote a sense of community.On the other hand, social media has also had some negative effects on our interpersonal communication. One of the biggest issues is that it has made us more isolated and less likely to engage in face-to-face communication.Instead of having a conversation with someone in person, we may choose to send a message or comment on their post. This can lead to a sense of disconnection and make it harder for us to build meaningful relationships with others.Another issue with social media is that it can be a source of stress and anxiety. We may feel pressure to present a certain image of ourselves online, which can be exhausting and lead to feelings of inadequacy. We may also feel anxious about missing out on important events or newsif we are not constantly checking our social media accounts.In conclusion, social media has had both positive and negative effects on our interpersonal communication. Whileit has made it easier for us to connect with others and maintain relationships, it has also made us more isolated and anxious. To mitigate these negative effects, it is important to balance our use of social media with face-to-face communication and to be mindful of how it is affecting our mental health and relationships.。
2019年全国研究生考试英语(一)真题及答案解析
2019年全国研究生考试英语（一）真题及答案解析Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land...When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people.If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due toroads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.1. [A]Some [B]Most [C]Few [D]All2. [A]put[B]take[C]run [D]come3. [A]Since [B] If [C] Though [D]Until4. [A]formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally5. [A] back [B] next [C] around [D] away6. [A]onto [B]off[C]across [D]alone7. [A]unattractive[B] uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar8. [A] site[B]point [C]way [D]place9. [A] So [B] Yet [C]Instead [D]Besides10. [A]immediately [B] intentionally [C]unexpectedly [D] eventually11. [A]surprised [B]annoyed [C]frightened [D]confused12. [A] problem [B]option [C]view [D]result13. [A] Above all [B]In contrast [C] On average [D] For example14. [A]bridge [B]avoid [C]spot [D]separate15. [A] from [B] through [C]beyond [D] under16. [A] posts [B]links [C]shades [D]breaks17. [A] artificial [B] mysterious [C] hidden [D] limited18. [A] Finally [B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D] Generally19. [A] memories [B] marks [C] notes [D] belongings20. [A] restrict [B] adopt [C] lead [D] expose1-20参考答案及解析：1. 生活在一个GPS系统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上轻易获取”。
2019届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语押题卷1试题及答案
普通高等学校全国统一招生考试英语试题（押题卷1）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
因测试不考听力，从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（省略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AFrances Stevens Reese Woodland Trail GuideThe Woodland Trail was opened to the public on October 21,1997. Boscobel’s Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honor of former Boscobel board member, Frances Stevens Reese(1917-2003), one year after his death.The trail（小径）is approximately 10 miles in length, leading down to Constitution Forest. When the West Point Glass Factory was operating during the Civil War, trees for miles around were cleared to provide firewood. Walking out of the forest, you will find a large mass of native hard rock about three billion years old.Throughout this country path, you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants local to this region. You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land, please be a considerate guest.●Before walking the trail, please purchase a pass in the Carriage House. Plan ahead, so you will be back by closing time.●Follow the trail markers and remain on the trail. Besides protecting the fragile forest ecosystem, you will reduce the risk of poison plants and snakes.●Leave rocks, plants, animals and art works where you see them so that the person behind you can have the same experience.●Carry out whatever you carry in because there are no rubbish containers on the trail. If you happen to see a piece of litter, be a good guest and pick it up.21.When was the trail named to honor Frances Stevens Reese?A.In 1997.B.In 1917.C.In 2003.D.In 2004.22.What can you see along the trail?A.An old battle field.B.A glass factory.rmation signs.D.Rock houses.23.What should you do as a thoughtful visitor?A.Leave the wildlife undisturbed.B.Throw the rubbish into the dustbins.C.Make reservations in the Carriage House.D.Protect the markers of the Woodland Trail.BI used to watch her from my kitchen window, she seemed so small as she muscled her way through the crowd of boys on the playground. The school was across the street from our home and I would often watch the kids as they played during break. A sea of children, and yet to me, she stood out from them all.I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids. She managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could. I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone. She would practice dribbling and shooting over and over again, sometimes until dark. One day I asked her why she practiced so much. She looked directly in my eyes and without a moment of hesitation she sa id, “I want to go to college. The only way I can go is if I get a scholarship. I like basketball. I decided that if I were good enough, I would get a scholarship. I am going to play college basketball. I want to be the best. My Daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.”Then she smiled and ran towards the court to repeat the routine I had seen over and over again. Well, I had to give it to her--she was determined. I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her team to victory. One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head cradled in her arms.I walked across the street and sat down in the cool grass beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong. “Oh, nothing,” came a soft reply. “I am just too short.” The coach told her that at 5’55’’ she would probably never get to play for a top ranked team--much less offered a scholarship--so she should stop dreaming about college. She was heartbroken and I felt my own throat tighten as I sensed her disappointment.I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She lifted her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches were wrong. They just did not understand the power of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to play for a good college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, that nothing could stop her except one thing--her own attitude. He told her again, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.” The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was seen by a college recruiter. She was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years.It’s true: If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.24.When the author watched the girl playing basketball for the first time, he was ________.A.curiousB. admiringC. cheerfulD. encouraged25.“it” in Para. 3 most probably refers to ________.A.the courtB. the basketballC. the author’s praiseD. the author’s suggestion26.Which of the following statements about the girl is CORRECT?A.she changed her attitude toward basketball because of the coach.B.she was convinced by her father that the coach was wrong.C.she became totally unconfident about herself later on.D.she was very much disappointed at the coach’s words.27.It can be inferred from the passage that a college recruiter is responsible for ________.A.determining who should be offered a scholarshipB.finding the best basketball players for a collegeC.training a college basketball teamD.awarding a scholarship fairCMany have longed for lightweight, durable, and flexible touch screen devices, thanks to science fiction. While some seem impossible to make, the tri-folding tablets in the US sci-fi TV series Westworld look like something we could go buy sooner or later. The 2012 film Looper likewise shows cellphones that could be folded up into half their size.Now, after 11 years of promising this foldable future, South Korean electronics company Samsung has finally delivered. With other companies rushing to roll out their own flexible phones, it seems that they've kicked off a new arms race in the smartphone industry.Back in November, Samsung announced its newest model, the Galaxy Fold. Since then, Xiaomi, Huawei and other Chinese companies have announced similar plans for foldable phones. It looks like Samsung won't take the lead all by itself, however. The same month, Royole, a lesser-known electronics brand from China, announced that it had a model – the Flexpai – ready to release. And at the 2019 Mobile World Congress, which concluded on Feb 28 in Spain, Huawei took the covers off its foldable Huawei Mate X for 2019.But why has it taken so many years to turn the idea into reality? According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult and expensive to produce. They wrote that, in 2012, nine out of every 10 OLED screens produced were defective (有缺陷的). Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent.It's fun to think about how we could use this technology. We could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. Instead of carrying heavy backpacks, all of our textbooks – and the whole library – could fit into our pockets. It's also nice to think that we might not have to worry about dropping our devices.The Galaxy Flex, Flexpai phones and Huawei Mate X are just the first step to that foldable future. In a keynote address, Samsung's senior vice president of mobile product marketing, JustinDenison, called the foldable screen "the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow". "It's a blank canvas for us to do something beautiful together," he said.However, if you recall the 2002 movie Minority Report, this foldable future might not be so bright. Seventeen years ago, it introduced many people to the concept of flexible screens. What was their biggest use? Inescapable advertisements on every surface that followed the characters wherever they went.28.What used to be a problem of the foldable phone?A.The material required for the screen was rare.B.The concept did not appeal to the public.C.Foldable phones were not durable and easily broke.D.The produced screens often failed to work properly.29.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A.Popular flexible touch screen device.B.Possible uses of the foldable screen.C.Advantages of the foldable screen.D.Where the idea of foldable screens came from.30.What would Denison most probably agree with?A.The Galaxy Fold still has many problems.B.The price of foldable phones will soon drop.C.The foldable screen has great potential.D.Close cooperation is needed for foldable phones to develop.31.What is the author’s attitude toward the future of the foldable screen?A.Negative.B. Supportive.B.Objective. D. Unconcerned.DCompanies wishing to perform better and cut their risk of bankruptcy(破产) should have more female directors on their board of directors. Women's abilities to make fair decisions when competing interests are at stake(有风险) make them better company leaders, researchers have found.A survey of more than 600 board directors showed that women are more likely to consider the rights of others and take a cooperative approach to decision-making. This approach translates into better performance for their companies.The study, published this week in the International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, also found that male directors prefer to make decisions using rules, regulations and traditional ways of doing business. Female directors, on the other hand, are less restricted by these parameters(参量) and more prepared to use initiative than male colleagues.In addition, female directors - who, globally, make up around nine percent of the board of directors - are significantly more inclined to make decisions by taking the interests of multiple stakeholders(参与人) into account in order to arrive at a fair decision. They also tend to usecooperation and consensus-building more often - and more effectively - in order to make sound decisions.The study was conducted by Chris Bart, professor of strategic management at the DeGroote School of Business at Canada's McMaster University, and Gregory McQueen, a McMaster graduate and senior executive associate dean at A.T. Still University's School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona.Bart said: “We've known for some time that companies that have more women on their boards have better results. Our findings show that having women on the board is no longer just the right thing but also the smart thing to do. ”32.In which section could we probably find this passage?A.EntertainmentB. EducationC. BusinessD. Finance33.From the survey we can learn that _____.A.female directors are more likely to consider the rights of their companiesB.female directors tend to take a cooperative approach to decision-makingC.Female directors make greater contributions than male directorspanies can perform better only by having more female directors on their boardpared with male directors, female directors _____.A.prefer to make decisions using traditional ways of doing businessB.are more restricted by those parametersC.prefer to make decisions using rules and regulationsD.are more prepared to use initiative35.According to Chris Bart, which of the following statements is true?panies with more women on their boards have the best results.B.Having women on the board is no longer the right thing.C.It’s wise to have more women on the boardpanies with no female directors must have a bad result.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案
2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)真题及答案（江南博哥）材料题根据以下材料，回答1-20题Today,we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are all available on our smart phones.1of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone.But phones2on batteries,and batteries can die faster than were alize.3you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you4can't find north, a few tricks may help you navigate5to civilization, one of which is to follow the land. When you find yourself well6a trail, but not in a completely7area,you have to answer two questions: Which8is downhill, in this particular area?And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water.9,if you head downhill, and follow any H20 you find, you should10see signs of people.If you've explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights - you maybe11how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another12: Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.13,even in dense forest, you should be able to14gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve15the woods.Head toward these16to find a way out.At night scan the horizon for17light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.18, assuming you're lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the19we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can20you to civilization.1 [单选题]第1题答案是_____.A.SomeB.MostC.FewD.All正确答案：C参考解析：此题考查词义辨析和上下文语境。
2019英语一大小作文真题详细解析
2019级考研英语一大小作文真题详细解析——跨考教育英语教研室李波2019级考研英语刚刚落下帷幕，刚参加过考研英语的小伙伴，感觉怎么样呢？我刚看过了考研英语的作文话题都是与各位生活紧密相连的话题，英语一的小作文考查的是电子邮件，考查对于别人的咨询信的回复。
观察一下历史上考过的这些年的英语一的写作来看，小作文考查的有点偏，大作文中规中矩。
下面跨考教育的帅波老师来给大家做详细的解析：首先，英语一小作文。
小作文的题目如下：Suppose you are working in an “Aiding in Rural Primary School” project by your university, now write an email to answer an inquiry of an international students. And give some specific details about becoming a volunteer.对于这个题目而言，大家会觉得很熟悉，因为，考查的是电子邮件，电子邮件的写法和书信的写法一样。
但是，大家又会觉得非常陌生，因为这个这种类型的书信没有平时很少写。
我们平时都练习过咨询询问信，可是对于别人的咨询的回复却很少练习。
那么，这种咨询的回复到底该怎么写呢？其实不难！按照书信的基本结构，分成三段来写。
第一段写2句话。
第一句是背景介绍。
这个背景是一定要写的要不然直接写写信目的很唐突。
背景介绍这样写：我已经接到了你的关于成为一名志愿者的咨询和询问。
第二句是写信目的。
写信目的是每篇书信小作文中都必须写的。
写信目的这样写：代表农村小学援助项目组，我写这封信的目的是答复你的相关问题。
第二段大概写4句话。
第一句是段落主题句。
所谓段落主题句就是统领这一段，主题句可以这样写：你所关心的问题如下。
接下来的三句话是对于这名国际学生的回复，但是题目中没有告诉到底回复什么内容，所有这部分就得自己去编写了。
2019届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语押题卷1试题及答案
2019届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语押题卷1试题及答案普通高等学校全国统一招生考试英语试题（押题卷1）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
因测试不考听力，从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（省略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AFrances Stevens Reese Woodland Trail GuideThe Woodland Trail was opened to the public on October 21,1997. Boscobel’s Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honor of former Boscobel board member, Frances Stevens Reese(1917-2003), one year after his death.The trail（小径）is approximately 10 miles in length, leading down to Constitution Forest. When the West Point Glass Factory was operating during the Civil War, trees for miles around were cleared to provide firewood. Walking out of the forest, you willfind a large mass of native hard rock about three billion years old.Throughout this country path, you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants local to this region. You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land, please be a considerate guest.●Before walking the trail, please purchase a pass in the Carriage House. Plan ahead, so you will be back by closing time.●Follow the trail markers and remain on the trail. Besides protecting the fragile forest ecosystem, you will reduce the risk of poison plants and snakes.●Leave rocks, plants, animals and art works where you see them so that the person behind you can have the same experience.●Carry out whatever you carry in because there are no rubbish containers on the trail. If you happen to see a piece of litter, be a good guest and pick it up.21.When was the trail named to honor Frances Stevens Reese?A.In 1997.B.In 1917.C.In 2003.D.In 2004.22.What can you see along the trail?A.An old battle field.B.A glass factory.rmation signs.D.Rock houses.23.What should you do as a thoughtful visitor?A.Leave the wildlife undisturbed.B.Throw the rubbish into the dustbins.C.Make reservations in the Carriage House.D.Protect the markers of the Woodland Trail.BI used to watch her from my kitchen window, she seemed so small as she muscled her way through the crowd of boys on the playground. The school was across the street from our home and I would often watch the kids as they played during break. A sea of children, and yet to me, she stood out from them all.I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids. She managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stop her but no one could. I began to notice her at other times, basketball in hand, playing alone. She would practice dribbling and shooting over and over again, sometimes until dark. One day I asked her why she practiced so much. She looked directly in my eyes and without a moment of hesitation she sa id, “I want to go to college. The only way I can go is if I get a scholarship. I like basketball. I decided that if I were good enough, I would get a scholarship. I am going to play college basketball. I want to be the best. My Daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.”Then she smiled and ran towards the court to repeat the routine I had seen over and over again. Well, I had to give it to her--she was determined. I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her team to victory. One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head cradled in her arms.I walked across the street and sat down in the cool grass beside her. Quietly I asked what was wrong. “Oh, nothing,”came a soft reply. “I am just too short.” The coach told her that at 5’55’’ she would probably never get to play for a top ranked team--much less offered a scholarship--so she should stop dreaming about college. She was heartbroken and I felt my own throat tighten as I sensed her disappointment.I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She lifted her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches were wrong. They just did not understand the power of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to play for a good college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, that nothing could stop her except one thing--her own attitude. He told h er again, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.” The next year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was seen by a college recruiter. She was going to get the college education that she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years.It’s true: If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.24.When the author watched the girl playing basketball for the first time, he was ________.A.curiousB. admiringC. cheerfulD. encouraged25.“it” in Para. 3 most probably refers to ________.A.the courtB. the basketballC. the author’s praiseD. the author’s suggestion26.Which of the following statements about the girl is CORRECT?A.she changed her attitude toward basketball because of the coach.B.she was convinced by her father that the coach was wrong.C.she became totally unconfident about herself later on.D.she was very much disappointed at the coach’s words.27.It can be inferred from the passage that a college recruiter is responsible for ________.A.determining who should be offered a scholarshipB.finding the best basketball players for a collegeC.training a college basketball teamD.awarding a scholarship fairCMany have longed for lightweight, durable, and flexible touch screen devices, thanks to science fiction. While some seem impossible to make, the tri-folding tablets in the US sci-fi TV series Westworld look like something we could go buy sooner or later. The 2012 film Looper likewise shows cellphones that could be folded up into half their size.Now, after 11 years of promising this foldable future, South Korean electronics company Samsung has finally delivered. With other companies rushing to roll out their own flexible phones, it seems that they've kicked off a new arms race in the smartphone industry.Back in November, Samsung announced its newest model, the Galaxy Fold. Since then, Xiaomi, Huawei and other Chinese companies have announced similar plans for foldable phones. It looks like Samsung won't take the lead all by itself, however. The same month, Royole, a lesser-known electronics brand from China, announced that it had a model – the Flexpai – ready to release. And at the 2019 Mobile World Congress, whichconcluded on Feb 28 in Spain, Huawei took the covers off its foldable Huawei Mate X for 2019.But why has it taken so many years to turn the idea into reality? According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult and expensive to produce. They wrote that, in 2012, nine out of every 10 OLED screens produced were defective (有缺陷的). Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent.It's fun to think about how we could use this technology. We could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. Instead of carrying heavy backpacks, all of our textbooks –and the whole library –could fit into our pockets. It's also nice to think that we might not have to worry about dropping our devices.The Galaxy Flex, Flexpai phones and Huawei Mate X are just the first step to that foldable future. In a keynote address, Samsung's senior vice president of mobile product marketing, JustinDenison, called the foldable screen "the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow". "It's a blank canvas for us to do something beautiful together," he said.However, if you recall the 2002 movie Minority Report, this foldable future might not be so bright. Seventeen years ago, it introduced many people to the concept of flexible screens. What was their biggest use? Inescapable advertisements on every surface that followed the characters wherever they went.28.What used to be a problem of the foldable phone?A.The material required for the screen was rare.B.The concept did not appeal to the public.C.Foldable phones were not durable and easily broke.D.The produced screens often failed to work properly.29.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A.Popular flexible touch screen device.B.Possible uses of the foldable screen.C.Advantages of the foldable screen.D.Where the idea of foldable screens came from.30.What would Denison most probably agree with?A.The Galaxy Fold still has many problems.B.The price of foldable phones will soon drop.C.The foldable screen has great potential.D.Close cooperation is needed for foldable phones to develop.31.What is the author’s attitude tow ard the future of the foldable screen?A.Negative.B. Supportive.B.Objective. D. Unconcerned.DCompanies wishing to perform better and cut their risk of bankruptcy(破产) should have more female directors on their board of directors. Women's abilities to make fair decisions when competing interests are at stake(有风险) make them better company leaders, researchers have found.A survey of more than 600 board directors showed that women are more likely to consider the rights of others and take a cooperative approach to decision-making. This approach translates into better performance for their companies.The study, published this week in the International Journal of Business Governance and Ethics, also found that male directors prefer to make decisions using rules, regulations and traditionalways of doing business. Female directors, on the other hand, are less restricted by these parameters(参量) and more prepared to use initiative than male colleagues.In addition, female directors - who, globally, make up around nine percent of the board of directors - are significantly more inclined to make decisions by taking the interests of multiple stakeholders(参与人) into account in order to arrive at a fair decision. They also tend to usecooperation and consensus-building more often - and more effectively - in order to make sound decisions.The study was conducted by Chris Bart, professor of strategic management at the DeGroote School of Business at Canada's McMaster University, and Gregory McQueen, a McMaster graduate and senior executive associate dean at A.T. Still University's School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona.Bart said: “We've known for some time that companies that have more women on their boards have better results. Our findings show that having women on the board is no longer just the right thing but also the smart thing to do. ”32.In which section could we probably find this passage?A.EntertainmentB. EducationC. BusinessD. Finance33.From the survey we can learn that _____.A.female directors are more likely to consider the rights of their companiesB.female directors tend to take a cooperative approach to decision-makingC.Female directors make greater contributions than maledirectorspanies can perform better only by having more female directors on their boardpared with male directors, female directors _____.A.prefer to make decisions using traditional ways of doing businessB.are more restricted by those parametersC.prefer to make decisions using rules and regulationsD.are more prepared to use initiative35.According to Chris Bart, which of the following statements is true?panies with more women on their boards have the best results.B.Having women on the board is no longer the right thing.C.It’s wise to have more women on the boa rdpanies with no female directors must have a bad result.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019考研英语大作文精讲(英语一)
抢分 app 考研英语应试教学法系列之英语一《大作文精讲》配套讲义应试之王 商志 2018 年 7 月编讲爱商英语志取高分2019 考研英语一大作文精讲讲义编讲 商志主讲介绍：● 考研英语应试教学法的旗帜性名师，中国考研英语应试教学第一人， “考研路上最不可错 过的一位英语老师” 。
15 年来他独创的“考研英语传奇背词班”和“考研英语传奇作文一对 一（班） ” ， 以及主讲的考研英语笑傲江湖系列课程直取本质，彻底破解，成为了考研界无 人能够企及的巅峰之作， 工业化规模批量制造高分， 帮助超过 600 万的考研英语学渣变考霸， 使众多考生夺取考研英语高分； ● 对学生用心负责，授课风趣幽默，富有激情，饱含心灵鸡汤，内容通俗易懂，直击考试 本质，梳理考点知识点，专治英语学习过程中的各种疑难杂症，被广大学生尊称为“用生命 在讲课的商欧巴” ； ●主编的考研英语一抢分系列辅导图书《考研英语蓝皮书》 ，被学生推崇为取得“英语高分 的标配” 。
校园里多年来一直都流传着这样一句话：考研英语不选择商欧巴，就是考研路上 最大的冒险！拨开考研迷雾打破英语瓶颈揭示致命误区铺就高分坦途-1-抢分 app 考研英语应试教学法系列之英语一《大作文精讲》配套讲义应试之王 商志 2018 年 7 月编讲Section One总论I． 《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲》规定：考生应能写不同类型的应用文， 包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描写性、叙述性和说明或议论 性的文章。
短文写作时，考生应能：1）做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2）遵循文 章的特定文体格式；3）合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4）根据写作目的和特定 读者，恰当选用语域。
节 写作 （30 分 /25 分） A B 为考生提供的信息 规定情景 主题句、写作提纲、规 定情景、图、表等 题型 应用文（约 100 词） 短文写作（160-200 词） 记分 10 20/15II．评分原则和方法：虽然 A、B 两节的考查要点有所不同，但对考生写作能力的基本要求 是相同的，所以评分标准对两节都适用。
2019考研英语一大小作文真题及范文参考
【导语】⽣命不是⼀篇“⽂摘”，不接受平淡，只收藏精彩。
对于考试⽽⾔，每天进步⼀点点，基础扎实⼀点点，为您提供2019考研英语⼀⼤⼩作⽂真题及范⽂参考，巩固所学知识并灵活运⽤，考试时会更得⼼应⼿，快来看看吧！ ⼀、⼩作⽂ Suppose you are working for the “Aiding Rural Primary School” project of your university, write a letter to answer the inquiry from an international student volunteer. You need to specify the details of the project. 结合历年真题，虽然⼀直存在“书信”和“告⽰”两种题型，但笔者在各⼤班次中反复强调过，请学⽣以书信为主，巩固常考的⼗⼤话题材料，但今年⼩作⽂难度系数偏⾼，主要原因是，和以往单⼀主题的提⽰词有所不同，今年的⼩作⽂提⽰词中出现的信息较庞杂，包括aid, inquiry, volunteer, details, 故学⽣可能在帮助信，询问信，招募志愿者，和介绍信中徘徊。
其中帮助信类似于2006年英语⼀⼩作⽂，招募志愿者类似于2010年英语⼀⼩作⽂。
此时考⽣需要静⼼读题，可得知前三点均为背景信息，此次⼩作⽂核⼼为介绍信，具体题⼲分析如下“假设你为你们学校的“资助偏远⼩学项⽬”⼯作，某位国际留学⽣志愿者给你写了⼀封信，请你写⼀封回信，你需要明确该项⽬的具体细节。
” ⼀旦确定为介绍活动信件，则可参照2013年英语⼀⼩作⽂“介绍英语演讲⽐赛”，2014年英语⼆⼩作⽂“介绍慈善义卖”等等，中间段可以从活动时间，内容，性质等⽅⾯展开。
请各位考⽣务必落实⼩作⽂格式，避免在格式上出现失误扣分。
【参考范⽂】 Dear Friend, As one member working for the “Aiding Rural Primary School Project” of our university, I would be glad to receive your inquiry and inform you of some details about this project. First, this project aims at aiding those poor kids living in some poverty-stricken families in some Chinese western rural areas aging from 9 to 12 years old. Second, as a volunteer, your primary task is to participate in our annual teaching activities organized on every summer vacation lasting for about two weeks. Finally, those children would be thrilled if you could bring some gifts from overseas representing cultures and customs abroad. Once again, thank you for your time and attention. It is my sincere hope that you could contribute more to this project and if you have any further question, please feel free to contact with us. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Ming ⼤作⽂ 【题⽬】52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-180 words based on the following picture.In your essay, you should1) describe the picture briefly.2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments. 今年英语⼀⼤作⽂继续沿袭图画作⽂，属于单图中的对⽴观点类型，难度系数适中。
卓顶精文2019年考研英语一真题及答案
2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案SectionIUseofEnglishPeopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.Atf irstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththat1theabilitytomakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedby2factors.ButDr.UriSimonsohnspeculatedthataninabi litytoconsiderthebig3wasleadingdecision-makerstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformationtheywe reworkingwith.4,hetheorisedthatajudge5ofappearingtoosoft6crimemightbemorelikelytosendsomeone toprison7 hehadalreadysentencedfiveorsixotherdefendantsonlytoforcedcommunityserviceonthatday.To8thisidea,heturnedtotheuniversity-admissionsprocess.Intheory,the9ofanapplicantshouldnotdep endonthefewothers10randomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDr.Simonsohnsuspectedthetruthwas1 1.Hestudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviews12by31admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershad13applicantsonascaleofonetofive.Thisscale14numero usfactorsintoconsideration.Thescoreswere15usedinconjunctionwithanapplicant’sscoreontheGradua teManagementAdmissionTest,orGMAT,astandardizedexamwhichis16outof800points,tomakeadecisiononw hethertoaccepthimorher.Dr.Simonsohnfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidateinadailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75pointsor morehigherthanthatoftheone17that,thenthescoreforthenextapplicantwould18byanaverageof0.075poi nts.Thismightsoundsmall,butto19theeffectsofsuchadecreaseacandidatecouldneed30moreGMATpointst hanwouldotherwisehavebeen 20 .1.[A]grants[B]submits[C]transmits[D]delivers2.[A]minor[B]objective[C]crucial[D]external3.[A]issue[B]vision[C]picture[D]external4.[A]Forexample[B]Onaverage[C]Inprinciple[D]Aboveall5.[A]fond[B]fearful[C]capable[D]thoughtless6.[A]in[B]on[C]to[D]for7.[A]if[B]until[C]though[D]unless8.[A]promote[B]emphasize[C]share[D]test9.[A]decision[B]quality[C]status[D]success10.[A]chosen[B]studied[C]found[D]identified11.[A]exceptional[B]defensible[C]replaceable[D]otherwise12.[A]inspired[B]expressed[C]conducted[D]secured13.[A]assigned[B]rated[C]matched[D]arranged14.[A]put[B]got[C]gave[D]took15.[A]instead[B]then[C]ever[D]rather16.[A]selected[B]passed[C]marked[D]introduced17.[A]before[B]after[C]above[D]below18.[A]jump[B]float[C]drop[D]fluctuate19.[A]achieve[B]undo[C]maintain[D]disregard20.[A]promising[B]possible[C]necessary[D]helpfulText1Inthe2019filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattr activeassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther,Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecol oroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentsstoresandtothebar gainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn’tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverish wouldbedescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline’sthree-yearindictmentof“fastfashion”.Inthelastd ecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttot rendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,m orefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasd isposable-meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat–andtorenewtheirwardrobeev eryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfas hioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitmini skirtinallits2,300-piusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumes thatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.Overdressedisthefashionworld’sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan’sTheO mnivore’sDilemma.“Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durableand wasteful,”Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear–about64itemsperper son–andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont, whosince2019hasmadeallofherownclothes–andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumo ntdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan’tbeknockedoff.Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironme nt–includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline–Clinebelieveslastingchangecanonlybeeffe ctedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorin energy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordnotto.21.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher[A]poorbargainingskill.[B]insensitivitytofashion.[C]obsessionwithhighfashion.[D]lackofimagination.22.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto[A]combatunnecessarywaste.[B]shutoutthefeverishfashionworld.[C]resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements.[D]shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently.23.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto[A]accusation.[B]enthusiasm.[C]indifference.[D]tolerance.24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?[A]Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.[B]Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.[C]Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.[D]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.25.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?[A]Satireonanextravagantlifestyle.[B]Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth.[C]Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry.[D]Exposureofamass-marketsecret.Text2Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.In theinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,cl ickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioural”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinfor mation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehaviouralads?Orshouldthe yhaveexplicitpermission?InDecember2019America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)option tointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft's InternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarythe FTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTr equests.OnMay31stMicrosoftSetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wo uldhaveDNTasadefault.Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptrack ing,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.Unabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavio uraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanywa y.AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcom plywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostw hollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointforwindows8-thought hefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavourablywithGoogle'sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch, Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol."Coulditreal lybethatsimple?26.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioural”adshelpadvertisersto:[A]easecompetitionamongthemselves[B]lowertheiroperationalcosts[C]avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers[D]providebetteronlineservices27.“Theindustry”(Line6,Para.3)refersto:[A]onlineadvertisers[B]e-commerceconductors[C]digitalinformationanalysis[D]internetbrowserdevelopers28.BobLiodiceholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault[A]manycutthenumberofjunkads[B]failstoaffecttheadindustry[C]willnotbenefitconsumers[D]goesagainsthumannature29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?[A]DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose[B]AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT[C]DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers[D]Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehaviouralads30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof:[A]indulgence[B]understanding[C]appreciation[D]skepticismText3Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-glowinglypos itive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesoffulfillmentandopport unityforall.Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus, fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityh aslittlefuturetolookforwardto.Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsof years-sowhyshouldn'twe?Takeabroaderlookatourspecies'placeintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthat wehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.LookupHomosapiens inthe"RedList"ofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalUnionfortheConversationofNature(IUCN),and youwillread:"ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincr easing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline."Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingser iouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojectamedicalclocktha tisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediate future.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglycomplic ated,andit'sperhapsbestlefttosciencefictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilit ieswecanenvisage.That'sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture .Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assoo ften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshapingthe historyoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsinwhichourde scendantswillfindthemselves.Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.To besure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisksthatthreate nedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.31.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby[A]ourdesireforlivesoffulfillment[B]ourfaithinscienceandtechnology[C]ourawarenessofpotentialrisks[D]ourbeliefinequalopportunity32.TheIUCN’s“RedList”suggestthathumanbeingare[A]asustainedspecies[B]athreatentotheenvironment[C]theworld’sdominantpower[D]amisplacedrace33.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?[A]Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.[B]Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.[C]Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.[D]OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.34.Toensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto[A]exploreourplanet’sabundantresources[B]adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld[C]drawonourexperiencefromthepast[D]curbourambitiontoreshapehistory35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]UncertaintyaboutOurFuture[B]EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies[C]TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind[D]Science,TechnologyandHumanityText4Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuchofArizona’simmigrationlawMonday-amodestpolic yvictoryfortheObamaAdministration.ButonthemoreimportantmatteroftheConstitution,thedecisionwa san8-0defeatfortheAdministration’sefforttoupsetthebalanceofpowerbetweenthefederalgovernmenta ndthestates.InArizonav.UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthreeofthefourcontestedprovisionsofArizona’scon troversialplantohavestateandlocalpoliceenforcefederalimmigrationlaw.TheConstitutionalprincip lesthatWashingtonalonehasthepowerto“establishauniformRuleofNaturalization”andthatfederallaws precedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.Arizonahadattemptedtofashionstatepoliciesthatranparallel totheexistingfederalones.JusticeAnthonyKennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsandtheCourt’sliberals,ruledthatthes tateflewtooclosetothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheldthecongresshaddelibe rately“occupiedthefield”andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederal’sprivilegedpowers.However,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbeallowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewhoc omeincontactwithlawenforcement.That’sbecauseCongresshasalwaysenvisionedjointfederal-stateimm igrationenforcementandexplicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationandcooperatewithfed eralcolleagues.TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarenceThomas-agreedwiththisConstitutionall ogicbutdisagreedaboutwhichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederalstatute.Theonlymajorobjectionc amefromJusticeAntoninScalia,whoofferedanevenmorerobustdefenseofstateprivilegesgoingbacktothe AlienandSeditionActs.The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“as hockingassertionoffederalexecutivepower”.TheWhiteHousearguedthatArizona’slawsconflictedwithi tsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,theWh iteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederalgovernment,andcontrolofcitizenshipandtheborders isamongthem.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirownresourcestocheckimmigrationst atus,itcould.Itneverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecauseitdidn’twanttocar ryoutCongress’simmigrationwishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.EveryJusticerightlyrejec tedthisremarkableclaim.36.ThreeprovisionsofArizona’splanwereoverturnedbecausethey[A]deprivedthefederalpoliceofConstitutionalpowers.[B]disturbedthepowerbalancebetweendifferentstates.[C]oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigrationlaw.[D]contradictedboththefederalandstatepolicies.37.OnwhichofthefollowingdidtheJusticesagree,accordingtoParagraph4?[A]Federalofficers’dutytowithholdimmigrants‘information.[B]States’independencefromfederalimmigrationlaw.[C]States’legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement.[D]Congress’sinterventioninimmigrationenforcement.38.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thattheAlienandSeditionActs[A]violatedtheConstitution.[B]underminedthestates’interests.[C]supportedthefederalstatute.[D]stoodinfavorofthestates.39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement[A]outweighsthatheldbythestates.[B]isdependentonthestates’support.[C]isestablishedbyfederalstatutes.[D]rarelygoesagainststatelaws.40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?[A]ImmigrationissuesareusuallydecidedbyCongress.[B]JusticesintendedtocheckthepoweroftheAdministration.[C]JusticeswantedtostrengthenitscoordinationwithCongress.[D]TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.SectionIVWritingPartA51.Directions:Writeane-mailofabout100wordstoaforeignteacherinyourcollege,invitinghim/hertobeajudgefortheup comingEnglishspeechcontest.Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthee-mail,Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould1)describethedrawingbriefly2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)参考答案SectionIUseofEnglish1.A.grants2.D.external3.C.picture4.A.Forexample5.B.fearful6.B.on7.A.if8.D.test9.D.success10.A.chosen11.D.otherwise12.C.conducted13.B.rated14.D.took15.B.then16.C.marked17.A.before18.C.drop19.B.undo20.C.necessarySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText1(Inthe2019)21.B.insensitivitytofashion22.D.shopfortheirgarmentmorefrequently23.A.accusation24.D.pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing25.C.criticismofthefast-fashionindustryText2(Anoldsaying)26.B.lowertheiroperationalcosts27.D.internetbrowserdevelopers28.C.willnotbenefitconsumers29.A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose30.D.skepticismText3(Nowutopia)31.B.ourfaithinscienceandtechnology32.A.sustainedspecies33.D.ourimmediatefutureishardtoconceive34.C.drawonourexperiencefromthepast35.C.theever-brightprospectsofmankindText4(Onafivetothree)36.C.oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigration37.C.states’legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement38.D.stoodinfavorofthestates39.A.outweighsthatheldbythestates40.D.TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.PartB41.E.Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior...42.F.Despitethesefactors...43.B.However,thenumbersarestillsmall...44.G.Duringthelate1990s...45.C.Theideaistoforcesocialtointegrate...SectionIIITranslation46.然而，看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们会突然意识到，尽管这些花园风格多样，它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求47.一块神圣的和平之地，不管它有多么粗糙，它都是一种人类本能的需求，和庇护所相反，那只是动物的本能需求。
2019年考研英语一作文
2019年考研英语一作文英文回答：The evolution of human society has been characterized by a constant interplay between technological advancement and social transformation. The advent of the internet in the late 20th century has proven to be a particularly significant turning point in this dynamic, ushering in an era of unprecedented connectivity and information access. This technological marvel has profoundly impacted various facets of our lives, from the way we communicate and work to the way we learn and socialize.Undoubtedly, the internet has revolutionized the way we access and share information. The vast expanse of the World Wide Web has made it possible for individuals to access a wealth of knowledge and perspectives that were previously inaccessible. Online databases, digital libraries, and search engines have empowered us with the ability to research complex topics, explore new ideas, and stayinformed about current events. This newfound accessibility to information has fostered a more knowledgeable and informed citizenry.The internet has also transformed the way we communicate and interact with others. Social media platforms have emerged as vibrant online communities, allowing us to connect with friends, family, and like-minded individuals across geographical boundaries. Instant messaging, video conferencing, and email have made it easier than ever to stay in touch with loved ones and collaborate with colleagues. These technological advancements have fostered a sense of interconnectedness and have made the world feel like a smaller place.中文回答：人类社会的演变一直以科技进步和社会变革之间的不断交互为特征。
英语考试作文-2019考研英语一大作文终极预测(环境保护类)
英语考试作文2019考研英语一大作文终极预测（环境保护类）考研英语冲刺复习，作文如何提分?王江涛老师给大家做终极预测，这些热点话题和素材要抓紧背一背。
2019考研英语一大作文终极预测（环境保护类）Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly.2)explain its intended meaning, and3)give you comments.预测范文The human history has been considered as a course of man’s migration from the country to the city, so urbanization is seen as the symbol of human civilization. Nevertheless, as is shown in the cartoon, as we enjoy the conveniences of urbanlife, we also have to suffer many problems that urbanization brings to us. Among them, the environmental pollution is one of the most serious.To begin with, the explosion of city population causes harm to our natural environment. The growing urban population damages the ecosystem with a huge amount of household rubbish. Rubbish hills dumped on the outskirts are a case in point. Even if people bury or burn the waste, it may bring about soil or air pollutions. Furthermore,hundreds of tons of waste water from factories are contaminating city rivers day and night.Gone are the days when people enjoyed swimming in the river and fishing on the bank. Sometimes, worse still, untreated sewage pouring from chemical factories poisons directly urban water supply. Drinkable water has become a rare resource, and people have to take in somewhat polluted water. Then one of its results has been the emergence ofmany new diseases and more and more cancer cases.Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to control urbanization. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that sustainable development is extremely vital to us.参考译文人类历史就是人类从乡村迁移到城市的过程，因此城市化被视为人类文明的象征。