绿色贸易壁垒对江苏省农产品出口的影响及对策

绿色贸易壁垒对江苏省农产品出口的影响及对策

摘要

随着贸易全球化的不断发展，许多国家为了自身的生态环境和公共卫生，都建立了绿色贸易壁垒制度，这一制度往往逐渐呈现合法性、广泛性、隐蔽性和歧视性的新特征。近年来，江苏省的粮食总产量已经连续多年排名全国前十，并且在全国粮食总产量的占比逐渐接近6%。但是江苏省农产品在出口的过程中，正逐渐面临许多国家不断提高的贸易壁垒影响。所以，研究农产品遭遇的绿色贸易壁垒对于扩大江苏省对外贸易规模、推动农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本文通过运用文献分析法和案例分析法，对江苏省农产品受绿色贸易壁垒影响的情况进行相应的研究，将主要从出口规模、产品结构、市场主体、市场结构四方面进行分析，并对农产品的主要出口市场东盟、美国、日本等国家存在的绿色贸易壁垒展开研究。发现遭受绿色贸易壁垒的原因有内因和外因两个层面。针对上述内容，从政府、行业、企业三个层面提出应对措施：在政府层面，要扩大出口规模、利用WTO机制解决贸易争端、实行出口市场多元化发展；在行业层面，要壮大组织规模、发挥对各成员的协调作用、增加产品附加值；在企业层面，要采用先进生产技术、进行环保营销、寻求国际合作。通过上述措施，以期能够帮助江苏省的农产品出口降低绿色贸易壁垒风险，增强国际市场竞争力。

关键词：绿色贸易壁垒；农产品出口；出口市场

Abstract

Green trade barriers are the protection measures, regulations and standards formulated by the import and export countries in order to protect the ecological environment and public health, and gradually show the new characteristics of legality, universality, concealment and discrimination. In recent years, the total grain output of Jiangsu Province has been ranked in the top ten of the country for many consecutive years, and the proportion of total grain output in the country is gradually approaching 6%. However, agricultural products in Jiangsu Province are facing more and more green trade barriers in the process of internationalization. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the green trade barriers encountered by agricultural products for expanding the scale of foreign trade in Jiangsu Province and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. By using the method of literature analysis and case analysis, this paper studies the impact of green trade barriers on the export of agricultural products in Jiangsu Province, specifically from the four aspects of export scale, product structure, market subject and market structure, and studies the green trade barriers existing in the main export markets of agricultural products, such as the eastern alliance, the United States, Japan and other countries. It is found that the reasons for suffering from green trade barriers are internal and external. In view of the above contents, the countermeasures are put forward from three aspects: at the government level, to expand the scale of export, to use the WTO mechanism to solve trade disputes, to implement the diversified development of export market; at the industry level, to expand the scale of organization, to play the coordinating role of each member, to increase the added value of products; at the enterprise level, to adopt advanced production technology, to promote Conduct environmental protection marketing and seek international cooperation. Through the above measures, we hope to help the export of agricultural products in Jiangsu Province reduce the risk of green trade barriers and enhance the competitiveness of the international market.

Key words: Green trade barrier; Export of agricultural products; Export market