冬暖式温室大棚环境监测(精)

合集下载

温室大棚温湿度监测系统设计-毕业论文(设计)

摘要随着农业产业规模的提高，对于数量较多的大棚，传统的温度控制措施就显现出很大的局限性。

为此，在现代化的蔬菜大棚管理中通常有温湿度自动控制系统，以控制蔬菜大棚温湿度，适应生产需要。

本论文主要阐述了基于P89LPC938单片机的温室大棚温湿度监测系统设计原理，主要电路设计及软件设计等。

该系统采用LPC938单片机作为控制器，DHT11进行温湿度采集，并通过无线模块NRF24L01进行主机与从机的无线通信，利用其I2C总线技术控制SRL_11280W_LCD液晶实时显示。

使用户在控制室即可监测温室大棚内的实时温湿度，从而方便用户对温室大棚的管理。

关键词: 单片机P89LPC938; 传感器DHT11；液晶SRL_11280W_LCD; 无线模块 NRF24L01第一章绪论1.1 课题研究背景目前，我国农业正处于从传统农业向以优质、高效、高产为目标的现代化农业转化新阶段。

而大棚作为现代化农业设施的重要产物，在国内多数地区得到了广泛应用。

大棚可以避开外界种种不利因素的影响，人为控制或创造适宜农作物生长的气候环境，可以看成是一个半封闭式的人工生态环境。

由于大棚中各种环境因素是可以人为控制的，因此控制技术直接决定着大棚中农作物的产量和质量。

大棚监测系统一般包括三个模块：环境参数采集模块、数据处理模块和执行模块。

在目前的监测系统中，需采集的环境参数主要包括温度、湿度、CO2浓度、光照强度、土壤湿度等。

在实际设计中还需根据大棚的规模及所在区域设定不同的采集方式，确保数据采集的准确性。

例如我国北方地区，冬季寒冷而漫长，大棚监测最主要的一部分就是温度的调节。

这时可将一天分为午前、午后、前半夜和后半夜4个时段来进行温度调节。

午前以增加同化量为主，一般应将棚温保持在25～30℃为宜；午后光合作用呈下降趋势，以20～25℃为好,避免高温下养分消耗过多；日落后4～5h内,要将棚内温度从20℃逐渐降到15℃上下，以促进体内同化物的运转。

寿光市第五代高标准冬暖式蔬菜大棚的建造技术

早期蔬菜大棚的起源和发展
背景：寿光市蔬菜大棚的发展历程
意义：提高蔬菜产量和质量，促进农业现代化发展
第五代蔬菜大棚的设计理念
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
光照均匀：合理布局棚内设施，确保光照均匀分布，提高蔬菜产量和品质
高效节能：采用高效保温材料和设计，提高大棚保温性能，降低能源消耗
通风透气：设计合理的通风口和通风路径，保持棚内空气流通，减少病害发生
覆盖材料类型：EVA膜、PO膜、PE膜等
覆盖材料性能要求：耐候性、保温性、透光性、抗老化等
覆盖材料选择原则：根据气候条件、种植作物、成本效益等因素综合考虑
覆盖材料使用注意事项：避免划伤、保持清洁、及时修补等
温室大棚的配套设施包括：温室大棚骨架、保温被、卷帘机、通风口、温室大棚的覆盖材料等
温室大棚的配套设施建设要考虑到当地的气候条件、土壤条件、种植作物等因素
降低成本：第五代蔬菜大棚采用高效节能技术，降低能源消耗和运营成本，提高农民的收益。
促进就业：第五代蔬菜大棚的建设和运营需要大量的人力资源，为当地农民提供了更多的就业机会。
带动相关产业：第五代蔬菜大棚的建设和运营需要大量的原材料和设备，为相关产业提供了更多的商机，进一步增加了农民的收入。
单击此处输入你的项正文，文字是您思想的提炼,言简的阐述观点。
自动化管理：采用先进的自动化技术，实现温度、湿度、光照等环境因素的自动调节和控制
保温性能：采用高效保温材料，确保大棚内温度稳定
光照利用：合理设计大棚结构，提高光照利用率
通风性能：设置通风口，保持空气流通，降低湿度
节水灌溉：采用滴灌、喷灌等节水灌溉技术，提高水资源利用效率
智能化管理：配备智能化控制系统，实现远程监控和自动化管理

温室大棚温湿度监测系统设计及性能分析

温室大棚温湿度监测系统设计及性能分析温室大棚是一种用于种植蔬菜、花卉等植物的设施，通过人工调控环境条件，提供恒定的温度和湿度，增加作物的产量和品质。

为了实现对温室大棚温湿度的监测和调控，设计了一个温室大棚温湿度监测系统，并对其性能进行了分析。

温室大棚温湿度监测系统的设计目标是实时监测和记录温室内的温度和湿度，并能根据设定的阈值进行报警，实现远程监控和控制。

该系统主要由传感器模块、数据采集模块、通信模块、控制模块和人机界面组成。

传感器模块是该系统的核心部分，用于检测温室内的温度和湿度。

常用的温湿度传感器有DHT11和DHT22等，其精度和稳定性较高。

传感器将采集到的温湿度数据转化为电信号通过模拟-数字转换器（ADC）传送给数据采集模块，完成数据的采集和处理。

数据采集模块负责接收传感器模块传来的数据，并对数据进行处理和存储。

该模块通过微处理器将数据转化为数字信号，并将数据存储在存储器中，以便后续的数据分析和查询。

同时，该模块还可实现对传感器的参数设置和控制。

通信模块用于实现系统与外部设备的数据传输和远程控制。

该模块可选择无线通信方式，如Wi-Fi、蓝牙等，也可以选择有线通信方式，如以太网、RS485等。

通过与上位机或者手机APP的交互，实现对温室大棚的实时监测和控制。

控制模块是根据采集到的温湿度数据和设定的阈值进行控制操作。

当温湿度超过设定的阈值时，控制模块会触发报警装置，以提醒操作人员进行调节。

同时，控制模块还可以根据设定的控制策略，自动调节温室内的温湿度，以保持恒定的环境条件。

人机界面是操作人员与监测系统进行交互的平台。

通过人机界面，操作人员可以实时查看温室内的温湿度数据，并进行参数的设定和控制命令的下发。

界面设计应简洁直观，方便操作人员快速理解和操作。

对于温室大棚温湿度监测系统的性能分析，主要从以下几个方面进行评价：1. 精度和稳定性：传感器的精度和稳定性直接影响数据的准确性。

应选择精度高、稳定性好的传感器，减小误差和波动。

日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范

日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范一、日光温室(冬暖大棚)结构参数与剖面结构图1、山东Ⅳ型(寿光型)日光温室（1）、结构参数脊高420cm～430 cm (室内地平面算起)，后跨80 cm，前跨920 cm，耕作地面下挖30cm～40cm，采光屋面参考角平均角度22.4°～23.5°，后墙下宽350 cm～450 cm，上宽100 cm～150 cm，后墙高300 cm～320 cm，后屋面仰角45°～5O°。

（2）、山东Ⅳ型(寿光型)日光温室结构图2、山东V型(SD—V)日光温室（1）、结构参数脊高420 cm～430 cm，后跨120 cm～130 cm，前跨970 cm～980 cm，有立柱，采光屋面参考角平均角度23，2。

23，9。

，后墙高290 cm～310 cm，后屋面仰角45°～47°。

（2）、山东V型日光温室剖面结构图二、日光温室选址与场地规划1、选址条件（1）位置符合NY5010—2002蔬菜产地环境条件的规定。

（2）土壤土层深厚，地下水位低，富含有机质，适合种植蔬菜的土壤，土壤的卫生标准应符合NY5010—2001的规定。

（3）其他周围无遮荫物；有较好的通风条件，但不要建在风口处；灌水、排水方便，水质符合GB 5084规定的标准；具备田间电源。

2、场地规划（1）温室面积日光温室长度以60 m～80m为宜，单位面积造价相对较低，室内热容量较大，温度变化平缓，便于操作管理。

（2）温室方位日光温室方位座北朝南，东西延长，其方位以正南向为佳；若因地形限制，采光屋面达不到正南向时，方位角偏东或偏西不宜超过5°。

（3）前后温室间距为防止前栋温室对后栋温室遮光，前后温室的间距应为前栋温室最高点高度的2.5～3倍。

三、日光温室的建造1、墙体（1）土墙可采用板打墙、草泥垛墙、土坯砌墙。

墙基部宽100 cm，向上逐渐收缩，至顶端宽8O cm。

设施农业（温室大棚）环境智能监控系统解决方案

设施农业（温室大棚）环境智能监控系统解决方案1、系统简介该系统利用物联网技术，可实时远程获取温室大棚内部的空气温湿度、土壤水分温度、二氧化碳浓度、光照强度及视频图像，通过模型分析，远程或自动控制湿帘风机、喷淋滴灌、内外遮阳、顶窗侧窗、加温补光等设备，保证温室大棚内环境最适宜作物生长，为作物高产、优质、高效、生态、安全创造条件。

同时，该系统还可以通过手机、PDA、计算机等信息终端向农户推送实时监测信息、预警信息、农技知识等，实现温室大棚集约化、网络化远程管理，充分发挥物联网技术在设施农业生产中的作用。

本系统适用于各种类型的日光温室、连栋温室、智能温室。

2、系统组成该系统包括：传感终端、通信终端、无线传感网、控制终端、监控中心和应用软件平台。

620)this.style.width=620;" border=0>（1）传感终端温室大棚环境信息感知单元由无线采集终端和各种环境信息传感器组成。

环境信息传感器监测空气温湿度、土壤水分温度、光照强度、二氧化碳浓度等多点环境参数，通过无线采集终端以GPRS方式将采集数据传输至监控中心，以指导生产。

（2）通信终端及传感网络建设温室大棚无线传感通信网络主要由如下两部分组成：温室大棚内部感知节点间的自组织网络建设；温室大棚间及温室大棚与农场监控中心的通信网络建设。

前者主要实现传感器数据的采集及传感器与执行控制器间的数据交互。

温室大棚环境信息通过内部自组织网络在中继节点汇聚后，将通过温室大棚间及温室大棚与农场监控中心的通信网络实现监控中心对各温室大棚环境信息的监控。

620)this.style.width=620;" border=0>（3）控制终端温室大棚环境智能控制单元由测控模块、电磁阀、配电控制柜及安装附件组成，通过GPRS模块与管理监控中心连接。

根据温室大棚内空气温湿度、土壤温度水分、光照强度及二氧化碳浓度等参数，对环境调节设备进行控制，包括内遮阳、外遮阳、风机、湿帘水泵、顶部通风、电磁阀等设备。

温室大棚内环境监测系统硬件设计外文文献

外文翻译毕业设计题目：温室大棚环境监测系统硬件设计原文：Environmental Monitoring and GreenhouseControl by DistributedSensor Network译文：环境监测与温室分布式传感器网络控制Environmental Monitoring and Green house Control by DistributedSensor Network（原文）A sensor is a miniature component which measure physical parameters from the environment. Sensors measure the physical parameters and transmit them either by wired or wireless medium. In wireless medium the sensor and its associated components are called as node. A node is self-possessed by a processor, local memory, sensors, radio, battery and a base station responsible for receiving and processing data collected by the nodes. They carry out joint activities due to limited resources such as battery, processor and memory. Nowadays, the applications of these networks are numerous, varied and the applications in agriculture are still budding. One interesting application is in environmental monitoring and green house control, where the crop conditions such as climate and soil do not depend on natural agents. To control and monitor the environmental factors, sensors and actuators are necessary. Under these circumstances, these devices must be used to make a distributed measure, spreading sensors all over the greenhouse using distributed clustering. This paper reveals an idea of environmental monitoring and greenhouse control using a sensor network. The hardware implementation shows periodic monitoring and control of greenhouse gases in an enhanced manner. Future work is concentrated in application of the same mechanism using wireless sensor network.Keywords—Sensor, sensor nodes, wireless sensor network (WSN), greenhouse control, environmental monitoring, CO 2monitoring, distributed clustering.I. INTRODUCTIONA sensor is able to convert physical or chemical readings gathered from the environment into signals that can be calculated by a system. A multi sensor node is able to sense several magnitudes in the same device. In a multi sensor, the input variables might be temperature (it is also able to capture nippy changes of temperature), fire, infrared radiation, humidity, smoke and CO2. A wireless sensor network could be an useful architecture for the deployment of the sensors used for fire detection and verification. The most vital factors for the quality and productivity of plant growth are temperature，humidity, light and the level of the carbon dioxide. Constant monitoring of these environmental variables gives information to the farmer to better understand, how each factor affects growth and how to manage maximal crop productiveness.The optimal greenhouse [3] climate adjustment can facilitate us to advance productivity and to achieve remarkable energy saving, particularly during the winter in northern countries. In the past generation greenhouses it was enough to have one cabled measurement point in the middle to offer the information to the greenhouse automation system. The system itself was typically simple without opportunities to manage locally heating, lights, ventilation or some other activity, which was affecting the greenhouse interior climate. The typical size of the greenhouse itself is much larger than it was before, and the greenhouse facilities provide several options to make local adjustments to the light, ventilation and other greenhouse support systems. However, additional measurement data is also needed to construct this kind of automation system to work properly. Increased number of measurement points must not dramatically augment the automation system cost. It should also be possible to easily alter the location of the measurement points according to the particular needs, which depend on the specific plant, on the possible changes in the external weather or greenhouse structure and on the plant placement in the greenhouse. Wireless sensor network can form a useful part of the automation system architecture in modern greenhouses constructively. Wireless communication can be used to collect the measurements and to communicate between the centralized control and the actuators located to the different parts of the greenhouse. In advanced WSN solutions, some parts of the control system itself can also be implemented in a distributed manner to the network such that local control loops can be formed. Compared to the cabled systems, the installation of WSN is fast, cheap and easy. Moreover, it is easy to relocate the measurement points when needed by just moving sensor nodes from one location to another within a communication range of the coordinator device. If the greenhouse vegetation is high and dense, the small and light weight nodes can even be hanged up to the plants’ branches. WSN maintenance is also relatively cheap and easy. The only additional costs occur when the sensor nodes run out of batteries (figure 1) and the batteries need to be charged or replaced, but the lifespan of the battery can be several years if an efficient power saving algorithm is applied. In this work, the very first steps towards the wireless greenhouse automation system by building a wireless measuring system for that purpose is taken and by testing its feasibility and reliability with a simple experimental setup.Clustering [11, 12] may be centralized ordistributed, based on the arrangement ofCH. In centralized clustering, the CH ispreset but in distributed clustering CH hasno fixed architecture. Distributedclustering mechanism is used for someprivate reasons like sensor nodes prone to Figure 1:Various components of a sensor nodefailure, better collection of data and minimizing redundant information. Hence these distributed clustering mechanisms encompass highly self-organizing capability.II. RELATED WORKS IN SENSOR NETWORKMilitary applications are very closely linked to the awareness of wireless sensor networks. In fact, it is very harsh to say for sure whether motes were developed because of military and air defense needs or whether they were invented separately and were subsequently applied to army services. Regarding military applications, the region of concentration extents from information collection, generally, to enemy tracking or battlefield surveillance. For example, mines could be regarded as unsafe and obsolete in the future and may be replaced by thousands of isolated sensors that will detect an intrusion of unreceptive units.Outdoor monitoring is an additional celestial area for applications of sensors networks. One of the most delegate examples is the operation of sensor nodes on Great Duck Island [8]. This sensor network has been used for environment monitoring. The sensor nodes used were talented to sense temperature, barometric pressure and humidity [1, 2]. In addition, passive infrared sensors and photo resistors were betrothed. The array was to monitor the natural environment of a bird and its activities according to climatic changes. For that cause, several motes were installed within birds’ burrows, to spot out the bird’s presence, while the rest were deployed in the nearby areas. Data are aggregated by the employment of sensor nodes and are passed through to a gateway.Management of costly possessions like equipment, machinery, different types of stock or products can be a quandary. The dilemma is highly distributed, as these companies enlarge all over the world. A gifted method to achieve asset tracking and cope with this trouble is believed to be with the use ofsensor networks. The application of wireless sensors in petroleum bunks and chemical warehouses refers to warehouses and cargo space administration of barrels. The thought is that motes attached to barrels will be gifted to locate nearby objects (other barrels), detecting their content and alerting in case of inappropriateness with their own, aging effects of the field etc.Health science and the health care system can also yield from the employment of wireless sensors. Applications in this class include telemonitoring human physiological data remotely, tracking and monitoring of doctors and patients within a hospital, drug superintendent in hospitals, etc. In Smart Sensors, retina prosthesis chip consisting of 100 micro sensors are built within the human eye. This allows patients with inadequate vision to see at an adequate level. Cognitive disorders, which almost certainly direct to Alzheimer’s, can be monitored and controlled at their premature stages with these wireless sensors.Robotic applications [9, 10] previously implemented are the unearthing of level sets of scalar fields using mobile sensor networks and imitation of the function of bacteria for looking for and discovering dissipative gradient sources. The tracking of a light source is completed with a few of the easy algorithms. In addition, a reply to the coverage crisis by robots and motes is accomplished for thick measurements over a broad area. The connection of both static and mobile networks is accomplished with the help of mobile robots, which travel around the environment and set up motes that act as beacons. The beacons support the robots to portray the directions. The mobile robots can perform as gateways into wireless sensor networks. Examples of such tasks are: sustaining energy resources of the wireless sensor network indefinitely, maintaining and configuring hardware, detecting sensor failure and appropriate deployment for connectivity amid the sensor nodes.Landslide detection employs sprinkled sensor system for predicting the happening of the landslides. The consideration of predicting landslides by means of sensor networks arose out of a must to mitigate the blemish caused by landslides to human lives and to the railway networks. A mixture of techniques from earth sciences, signal processing, distributed systems and fault-tolerance is used. One solitary trait of these systems is that it combines several distributed systems techniques to deal with the complexities of a distributed sensor network environment where connectivity is underprivileged and power budgets are very constrained, while fulfilling real-world requirements of safety. Generally these methods use a set of inexpensive single-axis strain gauges attached to cheap nodes, each with a CPU, battery and elite wireless transmitter block.Forest fires, also recognized as wild fires are wild fires occurring in wild areas and root major damage to natural and human resources. Forest fires wipes out forests, blaze the infrastructure and might result in high human death toll closer to urban areas. Common causes of forest fires embrace lightning, human carelessness and revelation of fuel to extreme heat and aridity. It is well known that in few cases fires are constituent of the forest ecosystem and they are important to the life cycle of native habitats.Sensor-Clouds can be used for health monitoring by using a quantity of simply obtainable and most often wearable sensors like accelerometer sensors, proximity and temperature sensors and so forth to collect patient’s health-related statistics for tracking sleep activity pattern body temperature and other respiratory conditions. These wearable sensor devices must have sustain of Bluetooth’s wireless interface, Ultra wideband and so forth interface for streaming of data, linked wirelessly to any smart phone through the interface. These smart phone devices foresee performing like a gateway between the remote server and sensor through the internet.III. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP IN A GREENHOUSEA. The Greenhouse EnvironmentA modern greenhouse [4-6] can consist of plentiful parts which contain their own local climate variable settings. As a result, a number of measurement points are also needed. This class of environment is challenging both for the sensor node electronics and for the short-range IEEE 802.15.4wireless network, in which communication range is greatly longer in open environments.B. SensorsHasty response time, low power consumption and tolerance against moisture climate, relative humidity and temperature sensor forms a perfect preference and solution for the greenhouse environment. Communication amid sensor and node can be carried out by IIC interface. Luminosity can be measured by light sensor, which converts light intensity to voltage. Unstable output signal is handled by low-pass filter to get correct luminosity values. CO2 measuring [7] takes longer time than other measurements and CO2 sensor voltage supply have to be within few volts. The carbon dioxide value can be read from the ensuing output voltage. Operational amplifier raises the voltage level of otherwise frail signal from the sensor.C. GreenhousesA greenhouse is a configuration covering ground frequently used for growth and progress of plants that will return the owner’s risk time and capital. This display is mounted with the purpose of protecting crop and of allowing a better environment to its progress. This shield is enough to promise a superior quality in production in some cases. However, when the major purpose is to achieve a better control on the horticulture development, it is necessary to test and control the variables that influence the development of a culture. The chief function of a greenhouse is to provide a more sympathetic environment than outside. Unlike what happens in traditional agriculture, where crop conditions and yield depend on nature resources such as climate, soil and others, a greenhouse ought to guarantee production independently of climatic factors. It is noteworthy to observe that even though a greenhouse protects crop from exterior factors such as winds, water excess and warmth it may cause plentiful problems such as fungus and excessive humidity. Therefore, mechanisms to scrutinize and control a greenhouse environment are incredibly vital to achieve better productivity. To get superior productivity and quality, better control system is necessary and as a result the production costs also get reduced. The chief elements involved in a greenhouse control system are: temperature, humidity, CO 2 concentration, radiation, water and nutrients.D. TemperatureTemperature is one of the most key factors to be monitored because it is unswervingly related to the growth and progress of the plants. For all plants, there is a temperature range considered best and to most plants this range is relatively varying between 10ºC and 30ºC. Among these parameters of temperature: extreme temperatures, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, day temperature and night temperature, difference between day and night temperatures are to be vigilantly considered.E. Water and HumidityAnother momentous factor in greenhouses is water. The absorption of water by plants is linked to the radiation. The lack or low level of water affects growth and photosynthesis. Besides air, the ground humidity also adjust the development of plants. The air humidity is interrelated to the transpiration while the ground humidity is connected to water absorption and photosynthesis. An atmosphere with extreme humidity decreases plants transpiration, reducing growth and may promote the proliferation of fungus. On the other hand, squat humidity level environments might cause dehydration.F. RadiationRadiation is a fundamental element in greenhouse production and sunlight is the key source of radiation. It is an important component for photosynthesis and carbon fixing. The significant radiation features are intensity and duration. The radiation intensity is linked to plant growth and the duration is openly associated with its metabolism.G. CO2 ConcentrationCO2 is an essential nutrient for plant development, allowing the assimilation of carbon. The carbon retaining procedure occurs through the photosynthesis when plants take away CO2 from the atmosphere. During the photosynthesis, the plant uses carbon and radiation to produce carbohydrate, whose function is to permit the plant development. Therefore, an enriched air environment should contribute to plant growth, but it is also vital to note that an extreme carbon level may turn the environment poisonous.IV. THE PROPOSED MODELA solution to the existing drawbacks can be found out from this proposed model. The proposed model is implemented in hardware, tested and the results show an excellent improvement in the sensing parameters when compared to the existing set of environmental monitoring and greenhouse control models. Sensor arrays like temperature sensor, light sensor, humidity sensor and vibration sensors are incorporated in the board. The sensed data is processed by the micro controller and displayed in the LCD display. Wireless transmission of the parameters is accomplished by a ZigBee module that sends information to the remote monitoring station periodically. To control and monitor the environmental variables planned in an earlier section, sensors and actuators capable of measuring and controlling the values inside the greenhouse are necessary. Generally, a greenhouse control is implemented just by approximating a measured cost to a reference or ideal cost. Figure 2, shows the basic block diagram of the proposed model. Due to cost considerations, the proposed model uses sensor network instead of wireless sensor network. The sensed data is forwarded to the gateway. The gateway then forwards the data to the remote monitoring base station. The base station is a remotely located software configured computer, where the monitored details are periodically visualized to carry out further control actions.Figure 2: Block diagram of the proposed modelIn the proposed model, the ideal assessment depends on the culture and type of plant. Control systems can be separated into centralized and distributed systems. In a centralized system a single constituent is responsible for gathering and processing the data. So, all the components of the system are connected to this solitary element. In a distributed control system the connections between nodes and information processing is distributed amongst the system components. The focal advantages of a distributed system may include: Reliability: a component failure affects barely part of the structure, Expansion: the likelihood of adding up of a new component without enormous changes in the system, Flexibility: changes in the procedure such as adding, removing and substituting of components impacts merely in the components involved in these basic operations. The major trouble of these technologies is that they are not developed for WSN and they do not present mechanisms to improve energy consumption.In this way, it is probable to check all places inside the greenhouse, identifying not only local values as in many applications, but checking real world and distributed values. Therefore, the greenhouse control ought to be improved, allowing a settlement in a way that the complete environment can be adjusted as close as feasible to a set point. It is essential to observe that, in most applications the sensors are placed in a point of a greenhouse and the measures gained are used to direct the entire greenhouse. However, even though in a controlled and relatively tiny place like a greenhouse, it is possible to have different values of climatic agents. Figure 3 shows the experimental setup forenvironmental monitoring.Figure 3: Experimental setup for environmental monitoringThus, the use of sensor in a greenhouse environment should permit a real time monitoring and an improved measurement through convenient distribution. The collected data in the system proposed must be sent to a base station located outside the greenhouse. The base station is connected by a gateway. With the implementation of this architecture, each node will be answerable for data collecting through its sensors and for sending it to its neighbors until all collected data emerge at the base station. The gateway generally uses wireless and Ethernet communication. The base station will be accountable for managing collected data, so some greenhouse control soft wares and some wireless actuators are necessary. In this application node defense will also be necessary to avoid damage by water and inputs. It is imperative to emphasize that the use of wireless sensors and actuators is advantageous to make the system installation trouble-free and to obtain flexibility and mobility in the nodes prototype. The difficulties in applying WSN in agricultural applications might include costs and lack of standardization on WSN communication protocols. Due to cost constraints, the proposed model is designed with sensors. In future, the same sensor network will be simulated in NS-2 for a distributed clustering mechanism. Wireless sensor network with temperature, moisture and light sensing and advanced capabilities will be implemented in real-time environment for green house monitoring in future.V. DISCUSSIONSThe major contributions of this manuscript are as follows. The design and implementation oflarge-scale and long-term CO2 monitoring sensor network is discussed. A low-cost sensor deployment strategy with guaranteed performance which addresses the sensor deployment problems in the existing models has been proposed. Hardware implementation of this model has been done and the parameters are periodically monitored with few sensors.VI. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKA model of agricultural application using sensor networks for greenhouses monitoring and control was presented. The wireless sensor network technology, although under development, seems to be promising mainly because it allows real time data acquisition. However, for such agricultural application to be developed, some technological challenges should be resolved. A greenhouse is a controlled environment and does not require a lot of climatic parameters to be controlled. The use of this technology in large scale seems to be something for the near future. In this application, the great number of climatic parameters can be monitored using the sensors available. As a greenhouse is a relatively small and controlled environment, and energy is a limited resource, the possibility of replacing batteries or even resorting to a steady energy source adaptation is a constructive aspect. This paper reveals an idea of environmental monitoring and greenhouse control using a sensor network. The hardware implementation shows periodic monitoring and control of greenhouse gases in an enhanced manner. Future work is concentrated in application of the same mechanism using wireless sensor network. This technology can also be applied in breeding of confined animals in precision zoo, where the sensor nodes should send information about animal temperature, pressure and other vital signals to guarantee a healthy environment to animals. In order to attain better energy efficiency, this mechanism will be implemented in real-world wireless sensor network, with a well-known energy efficient distributed clustering mechanism (HEED).Author：CoimbatoreNationality：IndiaSource：Int. J. Advanced Networking and Applications V olume: 5 Issue: 5 Pages:2060-2065分布式传感器网络环境监测与温室控制（译文）传感器是一种微型组件可测量环境中的物理参数。

寿光第五代冬暖式温室大棚做法

为了增强对冬季严寒天气的应对能力，提高日光温室蔬菜的稳定水平，寿光盛荣温室工程有限公司专家对寿光第五代大棚做出总结以供参考。

一、日光温室建造结构参数日光温室按照墙体和建造方式的不同，分为砖砌空心墙和土墙下挖式两大类型。

（一）第五代砖砌空心墙日光温室室内跨度11m，其中后跨1.2～1.3m，前跨9.7～9.8m；脊高4.2～4.3m，后墙高2.9～3.1m，后屋面仰角45°～47°。

室内跨度加大，应加强温室抗压能力。

若用钢架结构，可在前后屋面交界处（即脊高处）设一排立柱，并在前屋面距前沿3m处设一排活动立柱（夏季拆除），以防大雪压垮温室前屋面。

墙体具承重、隔热、蓄热功能。

砖砌空心墙内墙宽为37cm，外墙为24cm，中间留20~30cm空心，可随砌墙随填蛭石或珍珠岩，或安放10cm聚板。

为使墙体坚固，内外墙体之间可每隔3m砌砖垛，连接内外墙，也可用水泥预制板拉连。

后屋面（后坡）具承重、隔热、蓄热、防雨雪等功能，应由蓄热材料、隔热材料、防漏材料组成，总厚度应达到50～60cm。

用于越冬喜温蔬菜栽培的新建和改建日光温室，不能忽视后屋面的建造和作用。

（二）土墙下挖式第五代日光温室近年来，土墙下挖式日光温室发展很快，其突出特点是建造成本低，保温效果好。

建造土墙下挖式日光温室必须具备土层深厚、土质均匀、地下水位低等基本条件。

而且，土墙厚度、下挖深度和温室跨度应当适度。

室内跨度11m，其中后跨1m，前跨10m；脊高4.6m（从室内地面算起），下挖0.6～1m；土墙底宽4.0～5.0m，土墙上宽1.5～2.0m，后墙高3.2～3.5m，后屋面仰角45°～50°。

因温室跨度加大，应合理安排立柱，以加强抗风雪能力。

须注意，在黄河冲积的沙质土壤上不宜建造土墙下挖式日光温室，原因是土墙遇大雨被水浸后易塌墙。

若要建，则应在内墙砌砖墙和在外墙覆盖塑料薄膜防雨，以免雨水浸墙。

另外，在建土墙下挖式日光温室时，为避免下挖过深造成前沿遮荫，可将温室前3m宽的地面下挖0.8m左右，将土填入温室内，或用做墙土。

日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范

23，9。

，后墙高290 cm～310 cm，后屋面仰角45°～47°。

（2）、山东V型日光温室剖面结构图二、日光温室选址与场地规划1、选址条件（1）位置符合NY5010—2002蔬菜产地环境条件的规定。

（2）土壤土层深厚，地下水位低，富含有机质，适合种植蔬菜的土壤，土壤的卫生标准应符合NY5010—2001的规定。

（3）其他周围无遮荫物；有较好的通风条件，但不要建在风口处；灌水、排水方便，水质符合GB 5084规定的标准；具备田间电源。

2、场地规划（1）温室面积日光温室长度以60 m～80m为宜，单位面积造价相对较低，室内热容量较大，温度变化平缓，便于操作管理。

（2）温室方位日光温室方位座北朝南，东西延长，其方位以正南向为佳；若因地形限制，采光屋面达不到正南向时，方位角偏东或偏西不宜超过5°。

（3）前后温室间距为防止前栋温室对后栋温室遮光，前后温室的间距应为前栋温室最高点高度的2.5～3倍。

三、日光温室的建造1、墙体（1）土墙可采用板打墙、草泥垛墙、土坯砌墙。

墙基部宽100 cm，向上逐渐收缩，至顶端宽8O cm。

智能温室大棚环境监测系统

智能温室大棚环境监测系统一、产品介绍智能温室大棚环境监测系统是由超声波气象传感器、土壤温度水分传感器、土壤温度水分电导率三合一变送器、气象监控主机和LED显示屏构成，可以实现对温室大棚内的温度、湿度、光照、土壤温度、土壤含水量、CO,浓度等与农作物生长紧密相关环境参数的实时采集，并将数据实时上传竞道农业四情测报平台。

二、监测内容针对温室大棚的空气温度、湿度、二氧化碳和光照强度的连续监测实时告警。

三、监测效果通过安装超声波气象传感器对温室大棚环境温度、湿度、二氧化碳和光照强度进行实现监测。

变送器通过RS485智能接口及通讯协议接入气象监控主机，由4G无线传输或RJ45网口将数据上传至服务器，发送到农业四情测报平台进行实时监测。

当温度、湿度、二氧化碳和光照强度超过设置的上下阈值时，系统自动触发短信、语音、邮件告警，通知管理人员紧急处理。

四、监测功能超声波气象传感器采纳ASA工程塑料材质，体积小、重量轻，采纳优质抗紫外线材质，使用寿命长，采纳高灵敏度的探头，信号稳定，精度高。

关键部件采纳进口器件，稳定牢靠，具有测量范围宽、线形度好、防水性能好、使用便利、便于安装、传输距离远等特点。

五、监测参数空气温度：—40—60℃（0.3℃）；2、空气湿度：0—100%RH（3%RH）；3、PM2.5：0—1000ug/m3（10%）4、PM10：0—1000ug/m3（10%）5、土壤水分：测量范围：0—100%，精度：3%，探针长度：5.5cm，探针直径：3mm，探针材料：不锈钢6、土壤温度：测温范围—40+125℃，测量精度0.5℃，辨别率：0.1℃7、土壤电导率：测量范围可选量程：0—5000us/cm，10000us/cm，20000us/cm，测量精度0—10000us/cm范围内为3%；10000—20000us/cm范围内为5%，辨别率0—10000us/cm内10us/cm,100000—20000us/cm内50us/cm。

大棚温室温室内温度、湿度、光照、土壤温度、土壤湿度、CO2浓度、叶面湿度、露点温度监测系统

大棚温室温室内温度、湿度、光照、土壤温度、土壤湿度、CO2浓度、叶面湿度、露点温据处理。

9：控制软件的编制采用软件工程管理，开放性与可扩充性极强，由于采用硬件功能的软件化的系统设计思想及系统硬件的模块化、通讯网络化设计，系统可根据需要升级软件功能与扩展硬件种类。

10：系统设计时预留有接口，可随时增加减硬软件设备，系统只要做少量的改动即可，可以在很短的时间内完成。

可根据政策和法规的改变随时增加新的内容。

11：设备改进、检修过程中及检修完成后，均不需要停止或重新启动机房监控系统。

12：系统都均做可靠行接地，以防静电。

产品其他应用场合：4：数据集中器端提供具有信号输出协议的端口，可接通信设备（GPRS DTU等）进行无线传输。

5：温湿度监控软件采用标准windows 98/2000/XP全中文图形界面，实时显示、记录各监测点的温湿度值和曲线变化，统计温湿度数据的历史数据、最大值、最小值及平均值，累积数据，报警画面。

6：监控主机端利用监控软件可随时打印每时刻的温湿度数据及运行报告。

7：温湿度记录仪强大的数据处理与通讯能力，采用计算机网络通讯技术，局域网内的任何一台电脑都可以访问监控电脑，在线查看监控点位的温湿度变化情况，实现远程监测。

系统不但能够在值班室监测，领导在自己办公室可以非常方便地观看和监控。

6辅材订制1批 KITOZER/广州1000.001000.00小计8070.00143660.0035915.0012138.40191713.40四、以上全部设备合计：五、运输安装调试费=全部设备总合计*25%六、税金=(全部设备总合计+运输安装调试费)*8%七、系统工程总价=全部设备总合计+运输安装调试费+税金地址：广州市公司简介：广州莱安智能化系统开发有限公司成立于是2002年，专业从事各种应用传感器、设备环境监测、数字网络视频监控系统、雷达测速、闯红灯电子警察抓拍、电子治安卡口、智能控制等智能化设计系统开发以及生产的大型综合型企业，欢迎来电洽谈业务！用户服务中心：Tel：020-******** 85574628 85574638露点温度监测系统员；其它电脑。

温室大棚温度监测系统设计汇总

目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT........................................................... I I 1 前言.. (1)1.1系统概述 (1)1.2单片机控制系统 (1)2 温室大棚环境监测系统方案 (3)2.1传感器设计方案 (3)2.2主控制方案 (4)2.3方案选择 (5)3 温室温度检测设计方案 (5)3.1温度采集部分的设计 (6)3.1.1 温度传感器DS18B20 (6)3.1.2 DS18B20温度传感器与单片机的接口电路 (12)3.2单片机接口电路的设计 (13)3.3显示电路的设计 (15)4 系统软件的设计 (15)4.1显示子程序的设计 (15)4.2DS18B20数据采集子程序的设计 (16)5 结束语 (17)参考文献 (18)致谢 (19)附录A 单片机系统原理图 (20)1温室大棚温度监测系统设计摘要随着大棚技术的普及，温室大棚数量不断增多，温室大棚的温度控制成为一个难题。

目前应用于温室大棚的温度检测系统大多采用由模拟温度传感器、多路模拟开关、A／D转换器及单片机等组成的传输系统。

这种温度采集系统需要在温室大棚内布置大量的测温电缆，才能把现场传感器的信号送到采集卡上，安装和拆卸繁杂，成本也高。

同时线路上传送的是模拟信号，易受干扰和损耗，测量误差也比较大，不利于控制者根据温度变化及时做出决定。

在这样的形式下。

开发一种实时性高、精度高，能够综合处理多点温度信息的测控系统就很有必要。

本课题提出一种基于单片机并采用数字化单总线技术的温度测控系统应用于温室大棚的的设计方案，该方案是利用温度传感器将温室大棚内温度的变化，变换成电流的变化，再转换为电压变化输入模数转换器，其值由单片机处理，最后由单片机去控制数字显示器，显示温室大棚内的实际温度。

关键字单片机；温度监测；数字温度传感器Greenhouse Environment Monitoring SystemAbstractWith the popularization of greenhouse technology,the amount of greenhouse is larger and larger．However,the temperature control of greenhouse is becoming a difficult problem．Currently,the temperature control system of greenhouse is mostly using a transfers system which consists of analog temperature sensors，multiplexing analog switches，A／D conversion units and SCM．This kind of temperature collection system needs a lot of cables which is laid to make the signal of the sensor be sent to the collection card in the greenhouse．Thus the work of fixing and take down is miscellaneous，and the cost is high．What’s more，what is transferred in the system is analog signals which are easily interfered and have more ullage.It is hard for the controller to make a decision in time according to the change of temperature because the measure endr is bigger．So under this circumstance．it is necessary to empolder areal time and precise temperature control system which is in aposition to deal with temperature information of many nods．This paper gives a greenhouse temperature control project which is based upon the SCM and digital monobus technology．In this project，the change of temperature in the greenhouse is transformed into the change of electric current and then into the change of voltage by using the temperature sensors．The change of voltage is input into the AFD conversion units and the result is dealt with by SCM．At last the real time temperature in the greenhouse is displayed on the monitor under the control of SCM．Key wordsSCM; temperature monitoring; digital temperature sensor1 前言1.1 系统概述温室是设施农业的重要组成部分，国内外温室种植业的实践经验表明，提高温室的自动控制和管理水平可充分发挥温室农业的高效性。

温室大棚环境监控系统方案

温室大棚环境监控系统一、概述随着国民经济旳迅速发展，现代农业得到了长足旳进步，温室工程已成为高效农业旳一种重要构成部分。

计算机自动控制旳智能温室自问世以来，已成为现代农业发展旳重要手段和措施。

它旳功能在于以先进旳技术和现代化设施，人为控制作物生长旳环境条件，使作物生长不受自然气候旳影响，做到常年工厂化，进行高效率，高产值和高效益旳生产。

二、功能论述温室环境涉及非常广泛旳内容，但一般所说旳温室环境重要指空气与土壤旳温湿度、光照、CO2浓度等。

计算机通过多种传感器接受各类环境因素信息，通过逻辑运算和判断控制相应温室设备运作以调节温室环境。

输出和打印设备可协助种植者作全面细致旳数据分析，保存历史数据。

本系统重要具有如下几部分功能：2.1综合环境控制采用计算机实现环境参数比较分析，四季持续工况调控系统。

比例调节环境温度、湿度与通风。

CO2 发生装置按需比例调节环境CO2浓度，夏季室外屋顶喷淋，在保证室内光照强度旳前提下，组合调节环境温度与通风，达到强制减少环境温度旳效果。

通过计算机对温室各电动执行器进行整体调节，自动调控到作物生长所需求旳温、湿、光、水、气等条件，此外通过臭氧消毒净化器对温室进行消毒。

2.2肥水灌溉控制采用计算机肥水灌溉运筹系统。

根据作物区旳需要，对水培区旳营养液成分，PH和EC 值进行综合调控。

对基培和土培区重要是根据作物生产需要，设定基质、土壤旳水势值，自动调节滴灌、喷灌系统旳灌溉时间和次数。

2.3紧急状态解决采用计算机实测环境参数、状态极限值反馈报警保护系统。

根据作物旳各项参数设定温室环境旳极限值和作物生长环境参数极限值报警保护系统，提高了整个系统安全性。

2.4信息解决采用计算机集散控制信息管理系统。

信息解决由中心控制计算机完毕。

主机通过局部数字通讯网络与现场控制机相连，实现远动双向控制及全系统集中数据解决。

其功能涉及运营实时参数执行器模拟状态显示，历史数据存储、检索，数据平均值报表、曲线显示与打印。

冬暖大棚蔬菜病虫害频发的原因及综合防治措施

本编黄栏辑ｌ
氡重视麦綦翰的防浍
大白菜生长前期，温高、壤水分适宜，根生长气土新快，叶片能吸收较多的钙离子，由于钙离子在植物体老但
内的流动性很差，些钙会在老叶片中沉淀下来，能向这不生长点或幼嫩叶片转移。而生长后期往往气温低、雨水少、土壤干燥，根形成少，时新长出的内部叶片就容新此易缺钙。
撼
：
ｊＬ－
植作物的需肥特点及常年施肥规律，采取配方施肥技术。提倡多施腐熟的
有机肥，渐减少化肥的用量，施逐增生物菌肥，在满足冬暖大棚蔬菜对肥
红
，．１ｘ２，
理，方法单一，虫害防治效果差，病致
质较低，对各种病虫害的识别、发病
原因、播途径、合防治技术等知传综
之甚少，虽然相关部门组织了有关冬
选用适销、品质优良、合抗性好的综
蔬菜品种，避免长期使用单一品种，
新品种引进前一定要进行试验示范。在同一个冬暖大棚种植基地，品种间
１．科学合理的种植方式有目
将多种措施结合起来。
的有计划地安排轮作换茬，菜类如瓜同茄果类蔬菜进行轮作，菜同食用蔬
菌进行轮作。栽培上采取起垄覆膜、膜下滴灌、接栽培等农业措施。嫁２．配方施肥根据冬暖大棚种

第二册生物测试题

第二册生物测试题一、选择题1、“西湖春色归，春水绿于染”中的“绿”的是（）A．苔藓植物B．蕨类植物C．藻类植物D．裸子植物2、孢子是一种（）A．种子B．结构简单的种子C．生殖细胞D．植物幼体3、某种植物体已经拥有根、茎、叶的分化，但不结种子，它应该归为（）A．苔藓植物B．蕨类植物C．被子植物D．裸子植物4、李强的家里养了一盆观察植物——肾蕨，为使它长得好，下列建议正确的是（）A．放在向阳的地方，多浇水B．放在背阴的地方，多浇水C．放在向阳的地方，少浇水D．放在背阴的地方，少浇水5、最早出现茎、叶分化的植物，最早出现根、茎、叶分化的植物，最低等且大部分为水生的植物类群分别是（）①蕨类植物②苔藓植物③藻类植物④种子植物A．①②③B．②③①C．③④②D．②①③6、下列植物中，叶既是光合作用的场所，又是吸收水分和无机盐的主要器官的是（）A．葫芦藓B．水绵C．海带D．衣藻7、下面是四种植物形态示意图，与此有关的说法中，错误的是（）A．甲是“泰山迎客松”，它所结的松球果不是果实，其种子无果皮包被，完全等十分敏感，所以可以作为监测空气适应陆地生活B．乙是葫芦藓，因其对SO2污染程度的指示植物，其茎中无导管，有假根C．丙是肾蕨，形态优美，可供观赏，喜阴湿环境，其根、茎、叶中有输导组织，靠孢子繁殖D．丁是衣藻，生活在海水中，细胞中无叶绿体，有根、茎、叶的分化8、我们食用的面粉和香油分别来自小麦和芝麻种子的（）A．胚乳、胚乳B．子叶、子叶C．子叶、胚乳D．胚乳、子叶9、与苔藓植物相比较，蕨类植物更加适应陆地生活，原因是（）A．具有根、茎、叶，体内有输导组织B．用孢子繁殖C．没有根、茎、叶等器官的分化D．植株矮小，茎、叶内无输导组织10、子叶的作用（）A．发育成幼叶B．贮存养料或给胚转运营养物质C．发育成芽和叶D．保护胚芽、胚轴和胚根11、在下列条件下，播种在土壤里的种子，可能萌发的是（）A、种子的种皮和胚乳受到少许损伤B、种子处于休眠状态C、土壤的温度和湿度不适宜D、土壤板结而缺乏空气12、一朵被害虫咬过的桃花不能结出果实，那么被咬去的结构是（）A、雄蕊、雌蕊B、花柄C、花萼D、花托13、播种在水涝地里的种子很难萌发，是因为缺少种子萌发所需要的（）A、水分B、空气C、适宜的温度D、有生命力的胚14、小明帮父母收获时，发现有些“玉米棒子”上只有很少的玉米粒子。

(技术规范标准)日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范

23，9。

，后墙高290 cm～310 cm，后屋面仰角45°～47°。

（2）、山东V型日光温室剖面结构图二、日光温室选址与场地规划1、选址条件（1）位置符合NY5010—2002蔬菜产地环境条件的规定。

（2）土壤土层深厚，地下水位低，富含有机质，适合种植蔬菜的土壤，土壤的卫生标准应符合NY5010—2001的规定。

（3）其他周围无遮荫物；有较好的通风条件，但不要建在风口处；灌水、排水方便，水质符合GB 5084规定的标准；具备田间电源。

2、场地规划（1）温室面积日光温室长度以60 m～80m为宜，单位面积造价相对较低，室内热容量较大，温度变化平缓，便于操作管理。

（2）温室方位日光温室方位座北朝南，东西延长，其方位以正南向为佳；若因地形限制，采光屋面达不到正南向时，方位角偏东或偏西不宜超过5°。

（3）前后温室间距为防止前栋温室对后栋温室遮光，前后温室的间距应为前栋温室最高点高度的2.5～3倍。

三、日光温室的建造1、墙体（1）土墙可采用板打墙、草泥垛墙、土坯砌墙。

墙基部宽100 cm，向上逐渐收缩，至顶端宽8O cm。

冬暖式日光温室大棚番茄无公害高产高效栽培技术研究

５０ｇ按元旦和春节上市价３／ｇ元ｋ，实获省十堰地区，尤其是湖北省郧县的柳陂镇、月下旬连续深耙三次，作畦开沟施人腐熟有机７６ｋ，城关２８— ２８元，加上扁豆效益，共收益镇、丹江口市的六里坪镇、竹山县的宝丰镇、房肥，或籽充分腐熟的有机肥与炒熟的油菜籽（效益２００２６０按县的军店镇等具有一定的规模和效益，对丰富每６７３ｋ）６ｍｚ５ｇ拌匀后撒施再翻耕，作畦畦宽２４０２２０３８－４５元之间，减去有机肥、劳动力成
３、备足腐熟有机肥膜，加地膜，棚内壁加反光叶，以增加植株下部的通风透光性，并及时盘蔓全新全无滴，单道内按每６７６ｍ施用１０— ００ｇ５０２０ｋ肥标准，将和上部固定。次生新主蔓只留三穗果，每穗上只膜，遇低温寡照时间过长，棚内温度过大的特殊
菜农共同试验研究近挥，摸索出了一套冬暖式次，熟有机肥水２％，６７０ｋ，藕＿０每６ｍ９０ｇ并加
供各地设施栽培农借鉴或参考。
ｌ、园地选择
番茄属资金、技术、劳动密集型产业，投入
日光温室大棚番茄无公害高产高效栽培技术，入２５ｇ．ｋ硫酸钾复合肥，以利壮果。待第二、三成本较高，遇暖冬，各项技术措施落实到位，能
层细土面，午间光照强或暴雨注意用遮阴网保套种一茬扁豆（红花一号）番茄罢园后，利用番关键词：日光温室番茄无公害高产高护，用１０倍绿亨一号和１０倍烯酰吗啉防治００００茄田块肥力水平较高，后茬作物需肥少的特点，
苗期病害，加强苗期管护，培育壮苗。
５、整地施肥作畦
２、棚室整理
６整枝疏果盘蔓充分利用无限生长的．２耐贮运、抗叶霉病、病毒病、耐低温弱光８．３施足腐熟有机肥达到高产高效，无

冬暖大棚巡查记录表

冬暖大棚巡查记录表【原创版】目录1.冬暖大棚巡查记录表的意义和作用2.巡查记录表的内容和要求3.如何填写和使用冬暖大棚巡查记录表4.冬暖大棚巡查记录表的实际应用案例正文一、冬暖大棚巡查记录表的意义和作用冬暖大棚巡查记录表是温室大棚种植管理中必不可少的一部分，对于保障植物的正常生长和提高产量有着重要的作用。

它可以帮助种植者全面了解温室大棚内的环境状况，及时发现并解决问题，从而保证植物的健康生长。

同时，巡查记录表还可以为种植者提供决策依据，帮助他们调整种植方案，以达到最佳的种植效果。

二、巡查记录表的内容和要求冬暖大棚巡查记录表的内容主要包括以下几个方面：1.温室大棚的基本信息，如大棚名称、位置、面积等；2.环境参数，如温度、湿度、光照、二氧化碳浓度等；3.植物生长状况，如生长周期、叶片颜色、生长速度等；4.病虫害情况，如有无病虫害、病虫害种类、发生程度等；5.灌溉和施肥情况，如灌溉时间、水量、肥料种类、施肥量等；6.其他注意事项，如设施故障、天气变化等。

在填写巡查记录表时，要求准确、详细、及时，以便于分析和查询。

三、如何填写和使用冬暖大棚巡查记录表在填写冬暖大棚巡查记录表时，应根据实际情况，如实记录各项参数。

对于异常情况，应进行详细描述，并及时采取措施。

同时，还应定期对巡查记录进行分析，以便于发现问题和改进管理。

在使用巡查记录表时，可以根据记录的数据，对植物的生长状况进行评估，及时调整种植方案。

同时，还可以通过比较不同时期的记录，了解植物的生长趋势，为下一季的种植提供参考。

四、冬暖大棚巡查记录表的实际应用案例在某温室大棚种植基地，通过使用冬暖大棚巡查记录表，种植者能够及时发现并解决温室大棚内的问题，如病虫害、环境异常等。

同时，通过分析巡查记录，种植者还可以了解植物的生长状况，及时调整种植方案，从而提高植物的产量和品质。

在遇到问题时，种植者还可以通过查询巡查记录，了解问题的发生过程，为问题的解决提供依据。

农业大棚气象环境监测站安装和注意事项

农业大棚气象环境监测站安装和注意事项农业大棚气象环境监测站的安装和注意事项随着现代农业的发展和技术的应用，农业大棚气象环境监测站的应用越来越广泛。

它不仅可以实时地监测大棚内外的气象环境情况，还可以帮助农民科学合理地进行种植管理，提高农作物的产量和质量。

因此，在安装农业大棚气象环境监测站时，需要注意一些事项，以确保其正常稳定地运行。

一、安装位置选取农业大棚气象环境监测站的安装位置选取非常关键，它直接影响着监测站的数据采集的准确性和有效性。

一般来说，监测站应当安装在距离大棚入口处较远的位置，避免受到大棚门的影响。

应尽量选择距离植物较近的位置，以便更好地监测植物生长的环境情况。

在选择安装位置时，还需要考虑监测站的周围是否有遮挡物，以及是否会受到阳光直射等因素的影响。

二、设备安装在安装农业大棚气象环境监测站时，需要注意以下几个方面：1.固定稳固：监测站的各个设备应当牢固地固定在支架上，避免由于风吹或其他外力导致设备的摇晃而影响数据采集的准确性。

2.防水防潮：由于大棚环境比较潮湿，监测站的各个设备应具备防水防潮的能力，可以考虑在设备表面刷上一层防水涂料，或者在设备周围加装防水罩等。

3.电源供应：监测站的各个设备通常需要接通电源才能正常运行，因此在安装时需要确保设备的电源供应稳定，并且要考虑好电源线的走向，避免电源线拉扯导致设备受损。

三、注意事项在安装农业大棚气象环境监测站时，需要注意以下几个事项：1.注意设备的校准：监测站中的各个传感器设备在安装完成后，需要进行校准，确保其测量数据的准确性。

校准过程需要严格按照相关标准进行，如温度传感器需要使用标准温度计进行检测，湿度传感器需要使用标准湿度计进行检测。

2.定期维护检查：监测站的各个设备在长时间运行后，有可能会出现损坏或者老化的情况，因此需要定期对监测站进行维护和检查，以确保设备的正常运行。

维护检查包括清洁设备表面、更换老化部件等。

3.数据上传监测：安装完成后，需要对监测站上传的数据进行实时监测，确保数据的准确性和完整性。

农作物大棚环境测量实践报告

农作物大棚环境测量实践报告
以下是一个农作物大棚环境测量实践报告的示例：
1. 目的
本实践旨在了解和掌握农作物大棚环境参数的测量方法和技巧，为今后的农业生产和研究提供基础数据支持。

2. 实践内容
本次实践主要测量了大棚内的温度、湿度、CO2浓度、光照强度等环境参数，并对测量结果进行了分析和讨论。

3. 实践过程
（1）准备工具和设备：温度计、湿度计、CO2浓度计、光照强度计等。

（2）测量大棚内的温度和湿度：分别在大棚内不同位置放置温度计和湿度计，记录数据。

（3）测量大棚内的CO2浓度：在大棚内不同位置放置CO2浓度计，记录数据。

（4）测量大棚内的光照强度：在大棚内不同位置放置光照强度计，记录数据。

4. 实践结果
（1）大棚内的温度平均值为28℃，最高值为32℃，最低值为25℃，温度变化范围较大。

（2）大棚内的湿度平均值为70%，最高值为80%，最
低值为60%，湿度变化范围也较大。

（3）大棚内的CO2浓度平均值为400ppm，最高值为500ppm，最低值为300ppm，CO2浓度变化范围较小。

（4）大棚内的光照强度平均值为3000lx，最高值为4000lx，最低值为2000lx，光照强度变化范围较大。

5. 分析与讨论
通过本次实践，我们了解了大棚内环境参数的测量方法和技巧，掌握了如何正确使用各种测量工具和设备。

同时，我们也发现大棚内的环境参数变化范围较大，需要根据不同农作物的需求进行调整和控制，以保证农作物的正常生长和发育。

本次实践为我们提供了宝贵的实践经验和数据支持，为今后的农业生产和研究打下了坚实的基础。

冬暖式温室大棚环境监测(精)

温室大棚温湿度监测系统设计-毕业论文(设计)

寿光市第五代高标准冬暖式蔬菜大棚的建造技术

温室大棚温湿度监测系统设计及性能分析

日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范

设施农业（温室大棚）环境智能监控系统解决方案

温室大棚内环境监测系统硬件设计外文文献

寿光第五代冬暖式温室大棚做法

日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范

智能温室大棚环境监测系统

大棚温室温室内温度、湿度、光照、土壤温度、土壤湿度、CO2浓度、叶面湿度、露点温度监测系统

温室大棚温度监测系统设计汇总

温室大棚环境监控系统方案

冬暖大棚蔬菜病虫害频发的原因及综合防治措施

第二册生物测试题

(技术规范标准)日光温室(冬暖大棚)建造技术规范

冬暖式日光温室大棚番茄无公害高产高效栽培技术研究

冬暖大棚巡查记录表

农业大棚气象环境监测站 安装和注意事项

农作物大棚环境测量实践报告

农业大棚气象环境监测站安装和注意事项