全新版大学英语4U2ppt
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英语全新版大学第二版第四册第二单元资料
repeat repeat no_op until TS(bolt); <critical section>
Bolt:=0; <remainder> Until false end
4.2 互斥的实现方法
Begin (*main program*) Bolt:=0; Cobegin p(1); P(2); … P(n); coend
1.直接制约关系 －－表现为进程同步 2.间接制约关系 －－表现为进程互斥
五、同步机构 同步机构：是负责处理进程之间制约关系的机制，
即OS中负责解决进程间同步互斥的执行机构。
4.2 互斥的实现方法
一、软件解决方法
1. 算法1（轮换法）
进程依次轮换使用临界资源，设置变量turn。
进程Pi :
进程Pj：
Until false
4.2 互斥的实现方法
5.锁技术 将临界区视为一个小房间，拿到临界资源后进入
自己的小房间，并加上锁，使用完后打开锁，叫其 他人拿走。
锁变量w，w＝0，锁打开，资源可用； w＝1，锁关闭，资源被占用；
4.2 互斥的实现方法
（1）锁技术实现互斥 Process 1
Process 2
if i=0 then begin i:=1; TS:=true end;
else TS:=false End;
4.2 互斥的实现方法
Program mutualexclusion Const n=… (* number of process*) Var bolt:integer;
Procedure P(i:integer) Begin
二、进程互斥 例：某字符回显程序如下：
procedure echo; var in, out: character; begin
Bolt:=0; <remainder> Until false end
4.2 互斥的实现方法
Begin (*main program*) Bolt:=0; Cobegin p(1); P(2); … P(n); coend
1.直接制约关系 －－表现为进程同步 2.间接制约关系 －－表现为进程互斥
五、同步机构 同步机构：是负责处理进程之间制约关系的机制，
即OS中负责解决进程间同步互斥的执行机构。
4.2 互斥的实现方法
一、软件解决方法
1. 算法1（轮换法）
进程依次轮换使用临界资源，设置变量turn。
进程Pi :
进程Pj：
Until false
4.2 互斥的实现方法
5.锁技术 将临界区视为一个小房间，拿到临界资源后进入
自己的小房间，并加上锁，使用完后打开锁，叫其 他人拿走。
锁变量w，w＝0，锁打开，资源可用； w＝1，锁关闭，资源被占用；
4.2 互斥的实现方法
（1）锁技术实现互斥 Process 1
Process 2
if i=0 then begin i:=1; TS:=true end;
else TS:=false End;
4.2 互斥的实现方法
Program mutualexclusion Const n=… (* number of process*) Var bolt:integer;
Procedure P(i:integer) Begin
二、进程互斥 例：某字符回显程序如下：
procedure echo; var in, out: character; begin
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册第四单元PPT课件
1. Did global trade exist in the past? What did people doing global trade think of it then?
Yes, global trade has been around for centuries. In the past, the corporations and countries that benefited from global trade were largely content to treat vast parts of the world as places to mine natural resources or sell finished products.
While Reading
Words
Grammar
Unit 4 Globalization
Text A In Search of Davos Man 寻找达沃斯人
2021
1
Before Reading
While Reading
Words
Grammar
马云用手机扫码花38888元买走了今 年双11的第一单，刚刚从日本运来的 蓝鳍金枪鱼。
The latter, although an Australian by birth and spending
of his adult life outside the US, holds his Us citizenship
dear.
2021
Back 12
Before Reading
While Reading
( T)
6. Professor Samuel Huntington describes Davos Man as an
全新版大学英语综合教程4课件
• Summary: The listening materials for this unit will include various listening exercises, such as listening and speaking exercises, to help students improve their English oral expression and listening comprehension abilities.
Recre • Unit 4 News Reporting
01
Unit 1 Ways of Learning
Reading and Vocabulary
• Summary: The reading materials for this unit will cover various topics, including culture, history, society, and science, to help expand students' vocabulary and improve their reading comprehension abilities.
3. The writing section will provide writing exercises to help students apply the grammar and translation skills they have learned to write.
Listening and Speaking
Writing Skills
• Skills: The textbook selects the most common sports related writing skills and patterns, which can help students master the language skills of sports reports, letters, memories, etc. through a series of writing exercises
Recre • Unit 4 News Reporting
01
Unit 1 Ways of Learning
Reading and Vocabulary
• Summary: The reading materials for this unit will cover various topics, including culture, history, society, and science, to help expand students' vocabulary and improve their reading comprehension abilities.
3. The writing section will provide writing exercises to help students apply the grammar and translation skills they have learned to write.
Listening and Speaking
Writing Skills
• Skills: The textbook selects the most common sports related writing skills and patterns, which can help students master the language skills of sports reports, letters, memories, etc. through a series of writing exercises
全新版大学英语综合教程4课件
全新版大学英语综合教程4课件Unfortunately, I am unable to create a PowerPoint presentation with specific content as an AI language model. However, I can provide you with a general outline for a presentation on "New Version of College English Integrated Course 4" without titles:Introduction:- Briefly introduce the new version of the College English Integrated Course 4.- Mention the importance of English proficiency in today's globalized world.Module 1: Listening and Speaking1.1 Techniques for Effective Listening:- List and explain various techniques for improving listening skills.1.2 Strategies for Effective Speaking:- Discuss different strategies to enhance speaking skills.Module 2: Reading2.1 Reading Comprehension Skills:- Provide tips and techniques to improve reading comprehension.2.2 Reading Strategies for Different Texts:- Discuss specific strategies for reading different types of texts.Module 3: Writing3.1 Writing Skills:- Highlight important skills such as organizing ideas, grammar, vocabulary, and coherence.3.2 Types of Writing:- Discuss the various types of writing covered in the course, suchas descriptive, persuasive, and argumentative.Module 4: Grammar and Vocabulary4.1 Grammar Rules and Usage:- Present important grammar rules and provide examples.4.2 Vocabulary Expansion:- Introduce strategies for expanding vocabulary and using context clues.Module 5: Test Preparation5.1 Strategies for Test Taking:- Discuss effective strategies for approaching exams and managing time.5.2 Sample Test Questions:- Provide examples of test questions and discuss useful techniques for answering them.Conclusion:- Recap the key points discussed in the presentation.- Emphasize the importance of active engagement and practice in mastering English skills.Remember, feel free to customize this outline according to your specific needs.。
全新版大学英语第4册PPT课件
有些人认为全球化趋势将给发展中国家带来繁荣而这种繁荣迄今只属于少数富有的工业化国家
Unit Six Old Father Time Becomes a Terror Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Writing Strategy
Ways to conclude an essay An effective conclusion indicates that you
flecks (spots) of blood on the coat.
Minute, small, little
Minute:很小，细微； small: 大小，数 量，规模，力量，重要性 “小的， 少的”；little小得可爱
He is a ____ man, only one point five meters tall.
What a nice ____ garden! There are ____ particles of gold dust
on the ground.
(w) prosperity
n. State of being economically successful; state of being successful or rich
confusion
bewilderment or embarrassment There is still confusion about the
casualties. 为了避免混淆，各队穿了不同颜色的
衣服。 To avoid confusion, the teams wore
different colors. This misprint led to great confusion.
Unit Six Old Father Time Becomes a Terror Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Writing Strategy
Ways to conclude an essay An effective conclusion indicates that you
flecks (spots) of blood on the coat.
Minute, small, little
Minute:很小，细微； small: 大小，数 量，规模，力量，重要性 “小的， 少的”；little小得可爱
He is a ____ man, only one point five meters tall.
What a nice ____ garden! There are ____ particles of gold dust
on the ground.
(w) prosperity
n. State of being economically successful; state of being successful or rich
confusion
bewilderment or embarrassment There is still confusion about the
casualties. 为了避免混淆，各队穿了不同颜色的
衣服。 To avoid confusion, the teams wore
different colors. This misprint led to great confusion.
新编大学英语4Unit2课件
I began to seriously doubt that it would be possible to elude the police.
我开始对能否避开警察产生重大怀疑。
I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
我肯定他会来的。
Exercise 请用适当的连词填空。
I doubt strongly _i_f/_w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ we will make a profit of it.
• In-Class Reading
The Power of a Note
Work in pairs to answer the following questions.
How did the author feel when he received Don’s note?
Sample
The author felt greatly inspired, for he was just a teenager and Don’s good words gave him both confidence and encouragement.
你如果把椅 子抬起来， 我就把它下 面的地毯清 扫一下。
Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes that lift people up. (Line 35)
我开始对能否避开警察产生重大怀疑。
I don’t doubt that he’ll come.
我肯定他会来的。
Exercise 请用适当的连词填空。
I doubt strongly _i_f/_w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ we will make a profit of it.
• In-Class Reading
The Power of a Note
Work in pairs to answer the following questions.
How did the author feel when he received Don’s note?
Sample
The author felt greatly inspired, for he was just a teenager and Don’s good words gave him both confidence and encouragement.
你如果把椅 子抬起来， 我就把它下 面的地毯清 扫一下。
Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes that lift people up. (Line 35)
全新版大学英语综合教程4Unit_2
Terms of roads:
Underground / subway Light rail (elevated railway) Inner-ring road Outer-ring road Elevated road; viaduct Over-pass Mag-lev train: Magnetically levitated train
Part Division of the Text
Parts 1 2 3 Para 1-3 4-9 10-13 Main Ideas
The prospect of future smart cars and smart highways.
Features of future smart cars The building of smart highways
3. The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in
the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow‘s ―smart cars‖ will be sensors. ―We‘ll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act,‖ predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation‘s ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future. Part I (p1~3) --The impact of new technology on cars and highways of future
最新综合英语4 Unit2 Space Invaders精品课件
第九页，共35页。
➢ Personal space is psychological, not physical:
➢it has less to do with the space outside us than our inner space:
➢ personal space is more a psychological matter than a physical one.
• … has an old touch that was characteristic
of the 1970s.//
• … sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the 1970s.
第十五页，共35页。
Part II paragraph 3-7
➢ The following questions could be asked : 1. Is “personal space” a phrase of the seventies? Is it
• T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring… P4
• In hot summer days, people can be drawn to each other,esp. to the opposite sex or feel disgusted with the closeness of others (move away from those unpleasant smell of perspiration).
3. What does the author mean by saying “personal space is mostly a public matter”?
➢ Personal space is psychological, not physical:
➢it has less to do with the space outside us than our inner space:
➢ personal space is more a psychological matter than a physical one.
• … has an old touch that was characteristic
of the 1970s.//
• … sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the 1970s.
第十五页，共35页。
Part II paragraph 3-7
➢ The following questions could be asked : 1. Is “personal space” a phrase of the seventies? Is it
• T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring… P4
• In hot summer days, people can be drawn to each other,esp. to the opposite sex or feel disgusted with the closeness of others (move away from those unpleasant smell of perspiration).
3. What does the author mean by saying “personal space is mostly a public matter”?
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monotonous: adj. dull and never changing or varying; constant and boring
The teacher’s voice was so monotonous that it sent me to sleep. 我在汽车工厂的工作颇为单调乏味。 My job in the car factory is rather monotonous.
frequency: n. the rate at which sth. happens or is repeated, usu. measured over a particular period of time
Accidents are happening with increasing frequency.
make 通用且非正式，可用于所有的制造过程。例如： He made a model plane out of wood. 他用木头做了一架模型飞机。
approximately: adv. more or less exactly The car accident happened at approximately 7:45 a.m.. approximate: adj. fairly correct or accurate but not completely so The approximate number of demonstrators in front of the municipal office building was 900. 大概的时间是三点钟。 The approximate time is three o’clock.
把理论与实践联系起来 correlate the theory with practice
drastically: adv. in a drastic way drastic: adj. having a strong or violent effect
Drastic measures are needed to improve the performance of the company. 法国革命带来剧烈的社会变动。
prototype: n. the first model or design of sth. from which other forms are copied or developed prototype equipment prototype machine prototype model NB: proto- 前缀，表示“最初的，原始的”，例如： protocluster 原星团 (cluster 丛) protogalaxy 原星系 ( galaxy 星系, 银河) protovirus 原始病毒 (virus 病毒)
vibrate: v. (cause sth. to) move rapidly and continuously backwards and forwards; shake Tom’s heavy footsteps upstairs made the old house vibrate. The hammers strike the piano strings and vibrate them. 当司机发动了发动机时，公共汽车颤动着。 The bus vibrated when the driver started up the engine.
in the air: in the earth’s atmosphere; uncertain, not yet decided
There is a strange smell in the air.
Hundreds of birds suddenly rose in the air.
我们的计划尚未确定。 Our plans are still in the air.
The guards were alert to any danger. 哨兵警惕着一切危险的情况。
attentive 强调能够把注意力集中于某事上而不分心、不走 神。例如： I wish you would be more attentive to what your teacher has told you. 希望你能多注意老师对你说的话。
lucrative: adj. producing much money; profitable
This is a lucrative business. 我们和一家美国公司做大米进口的生意，赚了些钱。 We made a lucrative business with the American company on rice imports.
eliminate: vt. remove, esp. sb./sth. that is not wanted or needed; get rid of The police have eliminated all the other suspects. 她已被取消了参加游泳比赛的资格。 She has been eliminated from the swimming race. Pattern: eliminate sth. from sth. Can we ever eliminate hunger from the world one day?
start up: begin or begin working, running, happening, etc.
Put the key in the ignition and turn it to start the car up. 玛丽发动引擎，向她的家乡驶去。 Mary started up the engine and drove for her hometown.
correlate: vt. have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another Research workers find it hard to correlate the two sets of figures. Smoking and lung cancer are closely correlated. Pattern: correlate sth. with sth. They are trying to find out if these behavior patterns correlate with particular changes in diet.
hazard: n. a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage; a danger or risk There are many serious hazards associated with smoking.
穿越非洲的旅行有许多危险。 There are many hazards in a journey across Africa. Collocation: at all hazards in hazard by hazard be on the hazard 不顾一切风险; 在任何情况下 在危险中, 受到威胁 偶然, 碰运气 在危险中
be poised to do: be ready to take action at any moment It is reported that U.S. forces are poised to attack Iraq. The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.
convert: v. change from one form or use to another Pattern: convert sth. to/into sth.
I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.
Coal can be converted to gas. 那座楼房改成学校了。 That building has been converted into a school.
alert: 1. vt. warn sb. that there may be danger, trouble, etc. Pattern: alert sb. to sth. The doctor alerted me to the dangers of smoking. 警察警告我有危险。 The policeman alerted me to the danger. 2. adj. attentive; watchful Pattern: be alert to danger
CF: manufacture & make 这两个词都是动词，都有制造之意。 manufacture 使用范围较窄，既可指通过使用工业机械，亦 指粗制滥造以一种机械的方式创作、制作或完 成。例如：
His books seem to have been manufactured rather than composed. 他的作品像是被机器加工出的，而不是创作的。
He was absolutely attentive to research into the cause of cancer. 他专心致志研究癌症的起因。 3. n. a condition or period of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action Pattern: on the alert The hunters are on the alert for wolves.
The squirrels are quite alert to dangers.