2.有关文化教育的英语词汇.
传统文化英语语料词汇
传统文化英语语料词汇
1. Traditional Culture: 传统文化
2. Cultural Heritage: 文化遗产
3. Ancestral Wisdom: 祖先智慧
4. Folk Customs: 民俗风情
5. Traditional Arts and Crafts: 传统手工艺
6. Ancient Literature: 古代文学
7. Classical Music: 古典音乐
8. Traditional Dance: 传统舞蹈
9. Martial Arts: 武术
10. Calligraphy and Painting: 书画艺术
11. Traditional Architecture: 传统建筑
12. Festivals and Ceremonies: 节日庆典
13. Cultural Identity: 文化认同
14. Ethnic Traditions: 民族传统
15. Oral Traditions: 口头传统
16. Cultural Continuity: 文化传承
17. Historical Sites: 历史遗迹
18. Intangible Cultural Heritage: 非物质文化遗产
19. Cultural Conservation: 文化保护
20. Traditional Values: 传统价值观
这些词汇可以用于描述和讨论各种传统文化元素,包括艺术、音乐、文学、哲学、风俗习惯等。
它们有助于理解和传承不同文化背景下的传统。
论英语教学中的文化教育
论英语教学中的文化教育摘要:本文主要讲解了英语教学中的要顺手哪些文化教育,结合自己多年的教学实践来谈了一些实际的问题,主要从英语教学中进行文化教育的重要性、教育内容、教育的方法三个方面讲述。
关键词:英语教学文化教育语言语言是文化的载体,并对文化起着重要作用。
没有语言,就没有文化,可以说,语言反映一个民族的特征,它不仅包含着民族的历史和文化背景,而且蕴藏着该民族对人生的看法、生活方式和思维方式。
1 英语教学中进行文化教育的重要性1.1 语言和文化语言和文化是密不可分的。
长期以来,在英语教学中语言和文化的这种关系一直未得到足够的重视。
在教学实践中,似乎认为只要进行听、说、写的训练,掌握了语言、词汇和语法规则就能理解英语,用英语进行交际。
而实际上由于不了解语言的文化背景,不了解西方文化的差异,在英语学习和用英语进行交际中屡屡出现的误解,语用失误迭出的现象。
如:用How much money can you earn a month?来表示对外国人的关心,殊不知这是一句冒犯的问话,侵犯了别人的稳私,会激起对方的反感。
1.2 文化教育是实现语言交际目的的关键培养学生的交际能力是英语教学的最终目的。
具备了语言能力并不意味着具备了交际能力。
越来越多的人已达成共识,即交际能力应包括五个方面:四种技能(听、说、读、写)加上社会能力(即不同种文化背景的人们进行合适交际的能力)。
但英语教学中,教师往往比较重视语言的外在形式的语法结构,即培养学生造出合乎交际能力的句子。
教育工作者要越来越重视文化教育在英语教学中作用。
2 英语教学中进行文化教育的内容在英语教学实践中,文化差异及其对学生带来的干扰主要表现在以下五个方面:(1)称呼:近年来,许多讲英语的人常常用名字称呼别人,而不用某某先生、某某太太或某某小姐。
这种做法在美国人中尤为普遍,甚至初次见面就用名字称呼。
不仅年龄相近的人之间这样称呼,年龄悬殊的人之间也这样称呼,没有不尊重对方的意思。
有关文化教育的英语词汇
国外大学结构及官衔president(大学校长)universitydean(学校分院长)college/schoolhead of the faculty facultyhead of the division divisionchairman departmentprincipal中学校长headmaster小学校长headmistress小学校长(女)新生入学及入学后大致过程register/enrole(登记、报到) 一般会student union officeopening ceremony(开学典礼)orientation meeting(介绍会)指学校综合情况lecture(报告)tutorial(一个学生发言那种)关于学科的单词basic course基础课specialized course专业课required course必修课optional/selective course选修课literature文学philosophy哲学history历史art艺术sociology社会学linguistics语言学psychology心理学engineering工程学architecture建筑学business商务law法学economics经济学fiancé金融学accounting会计学banking银行学biochemistry生物化学相关教育单词kindergarten幼儿园elementary education初等教育secondary education中等教育higher education高等教育adult education成人教育open admission免试入学制day-care center幼儿园(美)nursery school托儿所primary/elementary school小学(英/美)secondary school中学coeducation男女生同校制度junior high school初中senior high school高中attached middle school附中technical school技校polytechnic institute理工学院/科技大学key school重点中学graduate school研究生院open university夜大、函大private school私立学校public school公立学校universal education普及教育educationist/educator教育家postgraduate研究生alumnus/alumna校友(男/女)undergraduate本科alma mater母校auditor=guest student旁听生boarder住宿生open-book exam开卷考pop test抽考orientation program新生训练teaching facilities教学设施assistantship助学金scholarship奖学金room and board食宿auditorium礼堂vice-monitor副班长period of schooling学习年限credit system学分制mark/score/grade分数schedule=school timetable课程表individual study自习individual coaching=tutorial个别指导english evening英语晚会after-school activities课外活动social investigation社会调查voluntary labor义务劳动graduation appraisal毕业评估graduation ceremony=commencement毕业典礼diploma=graduation certificate毕业证书drop out辍学quit school退学school discipline校纪attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上课miss a class缺课cut a class旷课expel sb from school开除tuition学费miscellaneous expenses杂费a grant-aided student领助学金的学生lecture portfolio讲义夹semester半学期blue-book考卷report card成绩单final-examination期末考核quiz小测验oral test口试diploma毕业证degree学位associate diploma专科证书bachelor学士master硕士doctor of philosophy博士expert专家consultant顾问coordinator班主任/协调人professor教授associate professor副教授lecturer讲师adviser/mentor导师counselor辅导老师course arrangement课程按排application form申请表school of arts and sciences文理学院project学生独立钻研的课外课题presentation针对某一专题发表的演讲paper/thesis/dissertation论文letter of recommendation表扬信journal周记office hour教授与学生面谈时间instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three r's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误(short) course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course (of study) 学业student body 学生(总称)classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用功的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者(总称)teachers 教师(总称)primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长(女性为:headmistress)deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师(蔑称)of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons (学生)上课to teach (老师)上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带(美作:trot)to pass an examination (或exam), 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文general certificate of education 中学毕业证书(美作:high school diploma)holder of the general certificate of education 中学毕业生(美作:holder of a high school diploma)doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试(大学)代理校长acting president (大学)副校长vice president (大学)校长president/chancellor (大学)专科major types of education in china short 2- to 3- year higher education programs (大学的)研究小组;讨论会seminar (国家)助学金(state)stipend/subsidy (戏剧学院)表演系acting department (系)主任chairman; chairperson (小学)校长head /master (职工)子弟学校school for children of workers & staff members (中学)校长principal 爱国人士patriotic personage 爱国主义教育education in patriotism百分制100-mark system 班主任class discipline adviser/head teacher 办学效益efficiency in school management 半工半读学校part-work and part-study school 半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate 包分配guarantee job assignments 被授权be authorized to do 必修课required/compulsory course 毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定graduation appraisal 毕业论文thesis; dissertation 毕业设计graduation ceremony 毕业生graduate 毕业实习graduation field work 毕业证书diploma; graduation certificate 博士doctor (ph.d) 博士后post doctorate 博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies 补考make-up examination 补习学校continuation school 不及格fail 材料工程系department of materials engineering材料科学系department of materials science 财贸学校finance and trade school 财政拨款financial allocation 测量系department of survey 成绩单school report; report card; transcript 成人教育adult education 成人学校adult school 成人夜校night school for adults 成为有理想,有道德,有文化,守纪律的劳动者to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 初等教育elementary education 初中junior middle school 辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver 大学肆业生undergraduate 德才兼备to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability低年级学生lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 地理系department of geography 地球物理系department of geophysics 地质系department of geology 电机工程系department of electrical engineering 电机制造学校electrical machinery school电力学校electric power school 电视大学t.v. university 电子系department of electronics 雕塑系department of sculpture 定向招生students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers东方语言学系department of oriental languages & literature 动物学系department of zoology 动员mobilize 短训班short-term training course 多学科的multi-disciplinary 俄语系department of russian 发挥学生主动性、创造性to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness法律系department of law 法语系french language department 反复灌输inculcate 纺织工程系department of textile engineering 纺织航海学校textile machinery school 分数mark; grade 分校branch school 服务性行业service trade辅导员assistant for political and ideological work 附中attached middle school 附属中学attached middle school 副教授associate professor 副修minor 副主任vice-chairman 岗位培训undergo job-specific training 高等教育higher/tertiary education 高等学校institution of higher education 高年级学生upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades高中senior middle school 工程物理系department of engineering physics 工业大学polytechnic university 工业工程系department of industrial engineering 工业管理系department of industrial management 工业设计系department of industrial design 工业学院engineering institute 公费生government-supported student 公开课open class 共产主义道德品质communist ethics 共产主义教育education in communism管理科学系department of management science 广播电视大学television and radio broadcasting university 国画系department of tradition chinese painting 国际关系系department of international relations 国际经济系department of international economics 国际劳工组织international labor organization 国际贸易系department of international trade 国际文化交流intercultural communication 国际政治系department of international politics 国际主义教育education in internationalism 国家发明奖national invention prize 国家教育经费national expenditure on education 国家科技进步奖national prize for progress in science and technology 国家统计局the state statistical bureau 国家自然科学奖national prize for natural sciences 海洋学系department of oceanography 函授大学correspondence college 航海系department of navigation 河流港湾工程系department of river & harbor engineering 护理系department of nursing 护士学校nurses' school 化工学校chemical engineering school化学系department of chemistry 环境工程学系department of environmental engineering 会计系department of accounting 会计学校accountant school 伙食补助food allowance 伙食费board expenses 机械工程系department of mechanical engineering 基本框架basic framework 基础科学the fundamentals 基础课basic course 基金会foundation 及格pass 集体主义教育education in collectivism 计算机学系department of computer science 记者招待会press conference 技工学校school of technology 寄宿生boarder 家业经济系department of agricultural economics 假期工作vacation jobs 坚持社会主义方向to keep to the socialist orientation 兼职教授part-time professor 建筑工程系department of architectural engineering建筑工程学校building engineering school 建筑学department of architecture 讲师lecturer/instructor 奖励rewards 奖学金scholarship 奖学金生prize fellow 教材编写组teaching materials writing group 教导主任director of teaching and 教师进修学校teachers' college for vocational studies 教授professor 教书育人to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 教务长dean/director of teaching affairs, dean of studies 教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production 教学大纲teaching program; syllabus 教学内容content of courses 教学人员the faculty; teaching staff 教学组teaching group 教研室/组teaching and research section/group 教研室主任head of the teaching and research section 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务,必须同生产劳动相结合,培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。
2018年大学英语四级高频词汇分类汇总
2018年大学英语四级高频词汇分类汇总目录英语四级高频词汇:社会热点 (1)英语四级高频词汇:文化教育 (2)英语四级高频词汇:校园生活 (3)英语四级高频词汇:体育健康 (4)英语四级高频词汇:生态环境 (6)英语四级高频词汇:网络科技 (7)英语四级高频词汇:社会道德 (8)英语四级高频词汇:文化艺术 (10)英语四级高频词汇:人类情感 (14)英语四级高频词汇:医学药物 (18)英语四级高频词汇:工作职业 (19)英语四级高频词汇:天灾人祸 (22)英语四级高频词汇:社会热点civil service examinations公务员考试shanzhai culture“山寨”文化self-employment自主创业juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪grateful感恩information security信息安全shortage of power缺电shopping by media媒体购物job-hopping跳槽housing problem住房问题pay attention to social morality讲究社会公德fake diplomas假文凭child abuse虐待儿童cause alarm and attention引起警惕和关注aging of population人口老龄化rush into the city冲进城市to pay by installments分期付款unemployment失业pose a threat to构成威胁traffic light交通灯residential area住宅区slums贫民区英语四级高频词汇:文化教育diploma文凭first-rate facilities一流的设施pre-school education学前教育educational system教育体制dropout student失学儿童expand your horizons开阔视野compulsory education义务教育eliminate illiteracy扫盲integrate with other people与人交往interpersonal skill人际交往能力education for all-round development素质教育educational expert教育专家impart knowledge and educate people教书育人rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation科教兴国teach students according to their aptitude因材施教be exposed to new ideas/experience接触各种新思想/新体验broaden one’s outlook/expand one’s mental horizons开阔眼界give full play to one’s ability充分发挥能力英语四级高频词汇:校园生活Part-time job兼职工作economic burden经济负担working experience工作经历competition and cooperation竞争与合作tuition学费course arrangement课程安排extracurricular activities课外活动distance education远程教育required course/compulsory course必修课take an examination参加考试live outside campus住在校外food services饮食application form申请表withdraw/draw cash取钱instructor辅导老师student union学生会undergraduate本科生postgraduate研究生credit学分degree学位英语四级高频词汇:体育健康lung cancer肺癌smoking-related diseases抽烟引起的疾病lose weight减肥go on a diet节食under the weather生病、不舒服flight-headed头昏眼花drowsy昏昏欲睡flu流感epidemics瘟疫rampant猖獗的contract infections得传染病pick up the habit养成这种习惯physical and mental condition身体与精神状态overweight/fat肥胖的mentally unhealthy精神不健全的be good for/do good to对??有益处good living habits良好的生活习惯take regular exercise进行有规律的运动unhealthy eating habit不健康的饮食习惯junk food垃圾食品stay/keep healthy/fit保持健康build up one’s body/improve one’s health强身健体英语四级高频词汇:生态环境population growth人口增长global warming全球变暖depletion of the ozone layer臭氧层变薄air pollution空气污染water pollution水污染noise pollution噪音污染endangered species濒临灭绝的物种renewable resources可再生资源protect forest resources保护森林资源environmental racism环境歧视energy production能源制造ecological balance生态平衡exert a disastrous effect on产生灾难性的影响petroleum石油pursue one’s short-term interest追求眼前利益solar energy太阳能habitat destruction and species extinction居住环境破坏与物种灭绝for the future generations/for our descendants 为了子孙后代raw materials原料英语四级高频词汇:网络科技cyber culture计算机文化online love affairs网恋net bar网吧shopping online网上购物cyber chat网上聊天virtual net虚拟网络net partner网友surf on the Internet网上冲浪net citizen网民cyberspace网络空间cyber college网络大学convenient and effective方便有效e-bank电子银行kill time打发时间information security信息安全the popularity of computer电脑的普及be addicted to对??上瘾campus network校园网络release one’s pressure减轻压力e-mail电子邮箱英语四级高频词汇:社会道德reform vt。
文化教育在英语教学中渗透
文化教育在英语教学中的渗透【摘要】文化意识是《英语课程标准》目标之一,它是得体运用语言的保障。
语言与文化密不可分。
在高中阶段,学生文化意识的培养应该与语言知识教学同时进行,要把文化渗透到教学的各个环节,从而为跨文化交际能力的发展奠定基础。
【关键词】文化教育文化情境语言是文化的载体和媒介,文化影响和制约着交际,语言和文化密不可分。
我国著名英语专家外国语大学教授胡文仲先生说过:“学习外语不仅仅是掌握语言的过程,也是接触和认识另一种文化的过程。
”在英语教学中,文化是指所语言国家的历史、地理、风土人情,传统习俗、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范和价值观念等,每个方面都有十分丰富的内容。
接触和了解英语国家文化有益于对英语的理解和运用,有益于对本国文化的理解与认识,有益于培养世界意识。
因此,教师在教学中应根据学生的年龄特点和认识能力,逐步渗透文化知识的内容和范围。
1.《英语课程标准》对文化意识目标的阐述,“高中英语课程的总目标是使学生在义务教育阶段英语学习的基础上,进一步明确英语学习的目的,发展自主学习和合作学习的能力, 形成有效的学习策略,培养学生的综合运用语言能力。
.综合语言能力的形成建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度,学习策略和文化意识等素养整合发展的基础上。
语言技能和语言知识是综合运用能力的基础。
文化意识则是得体运用语言的保障。
”可以说,不注意语言的文化形象,而只孤立地学习语言知识,如词汇语法,你学的就是死知识,在具体交际中,很难行得通,或被认为是不礼貌,或产生歧义,甚至导致严重的后果。
因此,得体地运用语言是顺利进行交际的基础,而文化意识是得体运用语言的保障。
我们在英语教学中,必须注重学生文化意识的培养,既教知识又教文化,要把文化意识渗透到各个教学环节,潜移默化,增进文化理解,形成文化意识,从而为跨文化交际能力的发展奠定基础。
2.文化教育的内容,中学英语教学中的文化渗透应包括以下几个方面的内容:2.1 干扰语言交际的文化因素,如招呼、问候、致谢、致敬、告别、打电话、请求、邀请等用语的规范作用,话题的选择,禁忌语和委婉语,社交习俗和礼仪等等。
有关文化教育的英语词汇
国外大学结构及官衔president(大学校长)universitydean(学校分院长)college/schoolhead of the faculty facultyhead of the division divisionchairman departmentprincipal中学校长headmaster小学校长headmistress小学校长(女)新生入学及入学后大致过程register/enrole(登记、报到) 一般会student union office opening ceremony(开学典礼)orientation meeting(介绍会)指学校综合情况lecture(报告)tutorial(一个学生发言那种)关于学科的单词basic course基础课specialized course专业课required course必修课optional/selective course选修课literature文学philosophy哲学history历史art艺术sociology社会学linguistics语言学psychology心理学engineering工程学architecture建筑学business商务law法学economics经济学fiancé金融学accounting会计学banking银行学biochemistry生物化学相关教育单词kindergarten幼儿园elementary education初等教育secondary education中等教育higher education高等教育adult education成人教育open admission免试入学制day-care center幼儿园(美)nursery school托儿所primary/elementary school小学(英/美)secondary school中学coeducation男女生同校制度junior high school初中senior high school高中attached middle school附中technical school技校polytechnic institute理工学院/科技大学key school重点中学graduate school研究生院open university夜大、函大private school私立学校public school公立学校universal education普及教育educationist/educator教育家postgraduate研究生alumnus/alumna校友(男/女)undergraduate本科alma mater母校auditor=guest student旁听生boarder住宿生open-book exam开卷考pop test抽考orientation program新生训练teaching facilities教学设施assistantship助学金scholarship奖学金room and board食宿auditorium礼堂vice-monitor副班长period of schooling学习年限credit system学分制mark/score/grade分数schedule=school timetable课程表individual study自习individual coaching=tutorial个别指导english evening英语晚会after-school activities课外活动social investigation社会调查voluntary labor义务劳动graduation appraisal毕业评估graduation ceremony=commencement毕业典礼diploma=graduation certificate毕业证书drop out辍学quit school退学school discipline校纪attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上课miss a class缺课cut a class旷课expel sb from school开除tuition学费miscellaneous expenses杂费a grant-aided student领助学金的学生lecture portfolio讲义夹semester半学期blue-book考卷report card成绩单final-examination期末考核quiz小测验oral test口试diploma毕业证degree学位associate diploma专科证书bachelor学士master硕士doctor of philosophy博士expert专家consultant顾问coordinator班主任/协调人professor教授associate professor副教授lecturer讲师adviser/mentor导师counselor辅导老师course arrangement课程按排application form申请表school of arts and sciences文理学院project学生独立钻研的课外课题presentation针对某一专题发表的演讲paper/thesis/dissertation论文letter of recommendation表扬信journal周记office hour教授与学生面谈时间instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three r's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误(short) course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course (of study) 学业student body 学生(总称) classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用功的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者(总称)teachers 教师(总称)primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长(女性为:headmistress)deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师(蔑称)of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons (学生)上课to teach (老师)上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带(美作:trot)to pass an examination (或exam), 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文general certificate of education 中学毕业证书(美作:high school diploma) holder of the general certificate of education 中学毕业生(美作:holder of a high school diploma)doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试(大学)代理校长acting president (大学)副校长vice president (大学)校长president/chancellor (大学)专科major types of education in china short 2- to 3- year higher education programs (大学的)研究小组;讨论会seminar (国家)助学金(state)stipend/subsidy (戏剧学院)表演系acting department (系)主任chairman; chairperson (小学)校长head /master (职工)子弟学校school for children of workers & staff members (中学)校长principal 爱国人士patriotic personage 爱国主义教育education in patriotism 百分制100-mark system 班主任class discipline adviser/head teacher 办学效益efficiency in school management 半工半读学校part-work and part-study school 半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate 包分配guarantee job assignments 被授权be authorized to do 必修课required/compulsory course毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定graduation appraisal 毕业论文thesis; dissertation 毕业设计graduation ceremony 毕业生graduate 毕业实习graduation field work 毕业证书diploma; graduation certificate 博士doctor (ph.d) 博士后post doctorate 博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies 补考make-up examination 补习学校continuation school 不及格fail 材料工程系department of materials engineering 材料科学系department of materials science 财贸学校finance and trade school 财政拨款financial allocation 测量系department of survey 成绩单school report; report card; transcript 成人教育adult education 成人学校adult school 成人夜校night school for adults成为有理想,有道德,有文化,守纪律的劳动者to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 初等教育elementary education 初中junior middle school 辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver 大学肆业生undergraduate 德才兼备to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability低年级学生lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 地理系department of geography 地球物理系department of geophysics 地质系department of geology 电机工程系department of electrical engineering 电机制造学校electrical machinery school 电力学校electric power school 电视大学t.v. university 电子系department of electronics 雕塑系department of sculpture 定向招生students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers东方语言学系department of oriental languages & literature 动物学系department of zoology动员mobilize 短训班short-term training course 多学科的multi-disciplinary 俄语系department of russian 发挥学生主动性、创造性to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness法律系department of law 法语系french language department 反复灌输inculcate 纺织工程系department of textile engineering 纺织航海学校textile machinery school 分数mark; grade 分校branch school 服务性行业service trade 辅导员assistant for political and ideological work 附中attached middle school 附属中学attached middle school 副教授associate professor 副修minor 副主任vice-chairman 岗位培训undergo job-specific training 高等教育higher/tertiary education高等学校institution of higher education 高年级学生upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades高中senior middle school 工程物理系department of engineering physics 工业大学polytechnic university 工业工程系department of industrial engineering 工业管理系department of industrial management 工业设计系department of industrial design 工业学院engineering institute 公费生government-supported student 公开课open class 共产主义道德品质communist ethics 共产主义教育education in communism 管理科学系department of management science 广播电视大学television and radio broadcasting university 国画系department of tradition chinese painting 国际关系系department of international relations 国际经济系department of international economics 国际劳工组织international labor organization 国际贸易系department of international trade 国际文化交流intercultural communication国际政治系department of international politics 国际主义教育education in internationalism 国家发明奖national invention prize 国家教育经费national expenditure on education 国家科技进步奖national prize for progress in science and technology 国家统计局the state statistical bureau 国家自然科学奖national prize for natural sciences 海洋学系department of oceanography 函授大学correspondence college 航海系department of navigation 河流港湾工程系department of river & harbor engineering 护理系department of nursing 护士学校nurses' school 化工学校chemical engineering school 化学系department of chemistry 环境工程学系department of environmental engineering 会计系department of accounting 会计学校accountant school 伙食补助food allowance 伙食费board expenses 机械工程系department of mechanical engineering 基本框架basic framework基础科学the fundamentals 基础课basic course 基金会foundation 及格pass 集体主义教育education in collectivism 计算机学系department of computer science 记者招待会press conference 技工学校school of technology 寄宿生boarder 家业经济系department of agricultural economics 假期工作vacation jobs 坚持社会主义方向to keep to the socialist orientation 兼职教授part-time professor 建筑工程系department of architectural engineering 建筑工程学校building engineering school 建筑学department of architecture 讲师lecturer/instructor 奖励rewards 奖学金scholarship 奖学金生prize fellow 教材编写组teaching materials writing group 教导主任director of teaching and教师进修学校teachers' college for vocational studies 教授professor 教书育人to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 教务长dean/director of teaching affairs, dean of studies 教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production 教学大纲teaching program; syllabus 教学内容content of courses 教学人员the faculty; teaching staff 教学组teaching group 教研室/组teaching and research section/group 教研室主任head of the teaching and research section 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务,必须同生产劳动相结合,培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。
幼儿英语高频词
幼儿英语高频词幼儿学习英语是培养孩子语言能力和跨文化交流能力的重要环节。
在幼儿英语教育中,掌握高频词汇是关键。
本文将介绍一些幼儿英语中常用的高频词,帮助孩子更好地学习和掌握英语。
一、动物类(Animals)在幼儿英语学习中,动物词汇是最基础、最实用的部分。
以下是一些常见的动物词汇:1. Cat(猫)2. Dog(狗)3. Lion(狮子)4. Elephant(大象)5. Tiger(老虎)6. Bear(熊)7. Monkey(猴子)8. Giraffe(长颈鹿)9. Horse(马)10. Bird(鸟)这些动物词汇是孩子们最容易接触到的,通过认识和记忆这些高频词,孩子们能够扩大词汇量,并能与他人进行简单的交流。
二、颜色类(Colors)颜色也是幼儿英语教育中的重要部分,以下是一些常见的颜色词汇:1. Red(红色)2. Blue(蓝色)3. Green(绿色)4. Yellow(黄色)5. Orange(橙色)6. Pink(粉色)7. Purple(紫色)8. Brown(棕色)9. Black(黑色)10. White(白色)通过学习颜色高频词,孩子们可以在日常生活中辨认各种颜色,并能在描述事物时准确使用颜色词汇,提高他们的口语表达能力。
三、食物类(Foods)食物类词汇是幼儿英语学习中不可或缺的一部分。
以下是一些常见的食物词汇:1. Apple(苹果)2. Banana(香蕉)3. Orange(橙子)4. Strawberry(草莓)5. Watermelon(西瓜)6. Bread(面包)7. Rice(米饭)8. Milk(牛奶)9. Egg(鸡蛋)10. Cheese(奶酪)通过学习食物高频词,孩子们可以在日常生活中更好地理解和使用这些词汇,也能增加他们的饮食常识。
四、家庭类(Family)家庭词汇是幼儿英语学习中非常重要的一部分,以下是一些常见的家庭词汇:1. Mother(妈妈)3. Brother(哥哥)4. Sister(姐姐)5. Grandmother(奶奶)6. Grandfather(爷爷)7. Aunt(阿姨)8. Uncle(叔叔)9. Cousin(堂兄弟/堂姐妹)10. Baby(婴儿)通过学习家庭高频词,孩子们可以更好地描述自己的家庭成员,增强对家庭的归属感。
文化方面的英语词汇
文化方面的英语词汇1.文化概念文化概念:Culture concept 文化是指人类社会在发展过程中所创造的精神财富和物质财富的总和,包括风俗习惯、价值观念、道德标准、宗教信仰、艺术、文学、音乐、电影等方面。
2.文化多样性文化多样性:Cultural diversity 文化多样性是指不同地域、不同民族、不同社会制度所具有的独特文化特征。
这些文化特征在语言、文字、艺术、音乐、建筑、饮食等方面都有所体现。
3.文化遗产文化遗产:Cultural heritage 文化遗产是指人类历史长河中所留下的具有重要历史、艺术、科学价值的物质和非物质文化遗产,包括历史文物、古迹、建筑、艺术品、手工艺品等。
4.文化交流文化交流:Cultural exchange 文化交流是指不同地域、不同民族、不同社会制度之间的文化互动和交流,包括艺术展览、文艺演出、影视交流、学术研究等方面,有助于增进彼此了解和促进文化共同发展。
5.文化教育文化教育:Cultural education 文化教育是指通过传授知识、技能和价值观,培养人们的文化意识和文化素养,包括语言教育、历史教育、艺术教育、文学教育等方面。
6.文化冲突文化冲突:Cultural conflict 文化冲突是指由于不同文化之间的差异和矛盾而引发的冲突和矛盾,包括价值观冲突、信仰冲突、意识形态冲突等方面。
7.文化融合文化融合:Cultural integration 文化融合是指不同文化之间的相互渗透和融合,形成一种新的文化体系,包括语言融合、艺术融合、宗教融合等方面。
8.文化创新文化创新:Cultural innovation 文化创新是指通过创造新的文化形式、内容和方法,推动文化的进步和发展,包括艺术创新、文学创新、科技与文化的结合等方面。
9.文化影响文化影响:Cultural influence 文化影响是指文化对个人和社会的影响和作用,包括价值观念的影响、行为方式的影响、社会关系的影响等方面。
英语专业四级听力重点词汇
debenture 债券
deflate 紧缩(通货)
depression 萧条,不景气
bankroll 资金
arbitrage 套汇
antitrust 反托拉斯的,反垄断的
常见财经证券新闻词汇
DOW: Dow Jones industrial average (DJIA) 道琼斯工业指数
Oslo agreement 奥斯陆协定
evacuate 疏散
Likud party 利库德集团
*Middle East 中东
targeted elimination 定点清除
unilateral action 单边行动
9.国际关系
*ambassador大使
ambassadress女大使
permanent Member常任理事国
UNIDO=United Nations Industrial Development Organization 联合国工业开发组织
IBRD=International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴与开发银行
*IOC=International Olympic Committee 国际奥林匹克委员会(=CIO)
taint 感染
venom 毒;毒物
*toxin 毒素
noxious 有害的
placebo 安慰剂
immunize 使免疫
fungus 真菌
*remedy 药物,治疗法
sanitary (有关)卫生的,(保持)清洁的,清洁卫生的
*HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) 人 体免疫缺损病毒,艾滋病病毒
和教育有关的英语词汇
和教育有关的英语词汇education 学历educational background 教育程度educational history 学历curriculum 课程major 主修minor 副修educational highlights 课程重点部分curriculum included 课程包括specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程courses completed 所学课程special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践part-time jobs 业余工作summer jobs 暑期工作vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程extracurricular activities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励scholarship 奖学金"Three Goods" student 三好学生excellent League member 优秀团员excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训educational system 学制academic year 学年semester 学期(美)term 学期(英)president 校长vice-president 副校长dean 院长assistant dean 副院长academic dean 教务长department chairman 系主任professor 教授associate professor 副教授guest professor 客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant 助教research fellow 研究员research assistant 助理研究员supervisor 论文导师principal 中学校长(美)headmaster 中学校长(英)master 小学校长(美)dean of studies 教务长dean of students 教导主任probation teacher 代课教师tutor 家庭教师governess 女家庭教师intelligence quotient(IQ) 智商pass 及格fail 不及格marks 分数grades 分数scores 分数examination 考试grade 年级class 班级monitor 班长vice-monitor 副班长commissary in charge of studies 学习委员commissary in charge of entertainment 文娱委员commissary in charge of sports 体育委员commissary in charge of physical labor 劳动委员Party branch secretary 党支部书记League branch secretary 团支部书记Commissary in charge of organization 组织委员Commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委员degree 学位post doctorate 博士后doctor 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士student 学生graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生returned student 回国留学生foreign student 外国学生undergraduate 大学肄业生senior 大学四年级学生;高中三年级学生junior 大学三年级学生;高中二年级学生Sophomore 大学二年级学生;高中一年级学生Freshman 大学一年级学生Guest student 旁听生(英)Auditor 旁听生(美)government-supported student 公费生commoner 自费生extern 走读生day-student 走读生intern 实习生prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生classmate 同班同学schoolmate 同校同学graduate 毕业生scholar 学者学校、院校等教育机构英文词汇小学:primary/elementary school中学:middle/high school初中:junior high school高中:senior high school大专:college大学:university小学校长:Headmaster中学校长:Principal大学代理校长:Acting President大学副校长:Vice President大学校长:President大学名誉校长:Chancellor义务教育:compulsory education学前教育:preschool education特殊教育:special education高等教育:higher education/tertiary education教育目标主要英文词汇素质教育:quality-oriented education/education designed to rasie to overall quality of students陶冶情操:cultivate one's taste and temperanment五讲四美三热爱:the movement of "five stresses, four points of beauty and three loves"以人为本:people oriented/foremost有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律:with lofty ideals, integrity, knowledge and a strong sense of discipline德才兼备:to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability教授 professor◎副教授 associate professor◎客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor◎讲师 lecturer◎助教 assistant◎专职教师 full-time teacher◎兼职教师 part-time teacher◎辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work◎教研室/组 teaching and research section/group◎教学组 teaching group◎教员休息室 staff room; common room◎母校 Alma Mater◎校友 alumnus; alumna◎学生会 students’ union/association◎高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades◎低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades◎走读生 day student; non-resident student◎住宿生 boarder◎旁听生 auditor◎研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)◎应届毕业生 graduating student/pupil; this year’s graduates◎听课 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture◎公开课 open class◎课程 course; curriculum◎必修课 required/compulsory course◎选修课 elective/optional course◎基础课 basic course◎专业课 specialized course◎课程表 school timetable◎课外活动 extracurricular activities◎课外辅导 instruction after class◎课外阅读 outside reading◎课堂讨论 class discussion◎(大学的)研究小组;讨论会 seminar◎教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus◎教学内容 content of courses◎学习年限 period of schooling◎学历 record of formal schooling◎学年 school/academic year◎学期 (school)term; semester◎学分 credit◎分数 mark; grade◎五分制 the 5-grade marking system◎百分制 100-mark system◎学习成绩 academic record; school record◎成绩单 school report; report card; transcript◎毕业论文 thesis; dissertation◎毕业实习 graduation field work◎毕业设计 graduation ceremony◎毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement◎毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate◎毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal◎授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb.◎升级 to be promoted to a higher grade◎留级 to repeat the year’s work; to stay down◎补考 make-up examination◎升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school ◎升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade◎奖学金 scholarship◎(国家)助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy◎领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student◎学费 tuition (fee)◎伙食费 board expenses◎伙食补助 food allowance教育课程、教育方式英语词汇公开棵:open class课程:course; curriculum必修课:required/compulsory course选修课:optional/elective course基础课:basic course专业课:specialized course课程表:school timetable课外活动:extracurricular activities课外辅导:instruction after class课外阅读:outside reading课堂讨论:class discussion大学的研究小组、讨论会:seminar教学大纲:teaching program; syllabus教学内容:content of courses毕业典礼:graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定:graduation appraisal毕业论文:thesis; dissertation毕业生:graduate毕业实习:graduation field work毕业证书:diploma;graduation certificate网上教学:online teaching/education函授课程:correspondence course人才类英语口译词汇人才高地:talent highland人才交流:talent exchange人才流失:brain drain人才战:competition for talented people双向选择:tow-way selection有识之士:people of vision职业培训:job training智力引进:recruit/introduce talents智力支持:intellectual support智囊团:brain trust/think tank专门人才:professional personneleducational history 学历educational background 教育程度educational system 学制academic year 学年term/ semester 学期diploma 文凭tuition 学费School 学校fee-paying school 付费学校/私立学校public school 公立学校regular school 普通学校primary/elementary school 小学high/middle school 中学university 大学college 学院academy 高等专科院校normal school 师范院校Curriculum 课程courses taken 所修的课程major 主修课minor 辅修课specialized course 专业课compulsory course 必修课optional course 选修课Activities 各项活动social practice 社会实践extracurricular activities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动social activities 社会活动Rewards 奖励scholarship 奖学金excellent League member 优秀团员excellent leader 优秀干部"Three Goods" student 三好学生Faculty and Students 教师和学生principal 中学校长(美)headmaster 中小学校长(英)master 小学校长(美)Party branch secretary 党支部书记League branch secretary 团支部书记commissary in charge of organization 组织委员commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委员dean of studies 教务处长dean of students 教导主任department chairman 系主任professor 教授associate professor 副教授guest professor 客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant 助教supervisor 论文导师post doctorate 博士后doctor 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生undergraduate 本科生government-supported student 公费生commoner 自费生day-student 走读生boarder 寄宿生evening student 夜校生guest student 旁听生(英)/auditor 旁听生(美)repeater 留级生freshman 大学一年级学生sophomore 大学二年级/高中一年级学生junior 大学三年级/高中二年级学生senior 大学四年级/高中三年级学生alumnus 校友master 男教师。
英语教学中文化教育不可忽视(一)
英语教学中文化教育不可忽视(一)语言是文化的载体,它丰富的文化内涵和文化负荷传递着无尽的文化信息。
英国语言学家萨皮尔认为:“语言不能离开文化而存在。
它是来自决定我们生活结构的信仰和习俗的这个社会遗传集合物。
”而每个社会集团都有它自己特定的社会习俗,并构成了他们在文化上的差异,这些差异对语言运用的影响是显而易见的。
有些英语老师认为:学好英语,只要重视主语音、词汇和语法的教与学,做到能听、能说、能读、能写,就可以了。
这种认识使教学成为脱离社会文化的单纯的语言技能训练,使学生对所学语言的文化特征缺乏认识和了解,即使外语知识掌握得很好,一进入交际也不免发生困难。
一、文化教育的必要性、可行性众所周知,语言是文化的重要载体,文化是语言所承载的内容,两者关系十分密切。
人类用语言创造了文化,文化反过来又促进人类社会的发展,同时也丰富了语言的表达方式。
自古以来,人类社会积累下来的文化遗产给语言打下了深刻的烙印。
语言是人类社会文化中的语言,与人类社会的文化息息相关。
一个民族的语言必然承载了这个民族的文化和所有的社会生活经验,反映了该民族文化的重要特征。
这里所说的文化是一个广义的概念,是指一个社会所具有的独特的政治经济制度、宗教信仰、风俗人情的总和。
不了解一个民族的文化,就难以真正掌握一个民族的语言。
在国际交流中,不同文化背景的人往往缺乏对异质文化的了解,可能产生误会,进而妨碍正常交流。
美国教育家温斯顿-布伦姆伯格说过:“采取只知语言而不懂文化的教法,是培养语言流利的大傻瓜的最好办法。
”果真如此,我们培养的学生将难以适应新世纪的要求。
随着改革开放的深入,中国综合国力增强,国际交往增多,国家所需要的是面向世界、对异国文化有深刻理解力的人才。
这就要求我们在中学英语教学中重视跨文化教育,将之提高到应有的高度,使学生在实际交流中具备多元文化的包容性。
有人认为,学习英语只要掌握了语音、词汇、语法,便可以毫无障碍地阅读、交际了。
高中英语作文传统文化词汇
高中英语作文传统文化词汇Traditional Cultural Vocabulary in High School English1. What is traditional culture?Traditional culture refers to the beliefs, customs, practices, and values that are passed down from generation to generation within a society or community.传统文化是指在一个社会或群体中代代相传的信仰、习俗、实践和价值观。
2. Why is it important to preserve traditional culture?Preserving traditional culture is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps maintain a sense of identity and belonging among individuals and communities. Secondly, it provides a link to the past and helps us understand our history and heritage. Lastly, traditional culture often embodies important moral and ethical values that can guide individuals in their lives.保护传统文化的重要性体现在几个方面。
首先,它有助于保持个体和群体的身份认同感和归属感。
其次,它提供了与过去的联系,帮助我们理解历史和传统。
最后,传统文化往往体现了重要的道德和伦理价值观,可以指导个体的生活。
教育技术学专业英语词汇
教育技术学专业英语词汇1. curriculum 课程计划2.pilot test 试行3. mechanism 机制4. Communication Theory 传播理论5.programmed instruction 程序教学6.Audiovisual communication 视听传播7.trial 尝试8.Formative evaluation 形成性评价9. Probabilistic 概率性10.Classroom-focus 以"课堂"为中心11.task analysis 任务分析12.verbalism 言语主义13.instructional systems d esign教学系统设计14.instructional technol ogy 教育技术15.performance 绩效16.utilization 利用17.digest 文摘18.syndication 聚合19.peotential 潜能ponent 元素21.stimuli 刺激22.encoding 编码23.Situated learning 情境学习24.advanced organizer 先行组织者25.25.Situated learning 情境学习26.Rand om access learning 随机进入学习27.Anchored learning 锚定式情境学习28.cognitive-d evel opment theory认知发展说29.Learning Psychology 学习理论30.Verbal-linguistic intelligence 语言智能31.Audience对象32.Behavior行为33.Condition条件34.Degree标准35.courses 课程36.36.Perception stage认知阶段rmation processing theory 信息加工理论38.Expressive Objectives 表现性目标puter Supported Collaborative Learning 计算机支持的协作学习40.Evaluation instrument d eveloping 评价工具的编制41.elaboration 细化42.metacognition 元认知43.retrieval 重视44.schema 图式45.channel 信道46.interactional dynamics互动动态47. 47.interpersonal communication 人际传播48. 48.signal 信号49.transmitter 传送者50.mass communication 大众传播51. 51.internal and external learning conditions 学习的内外部条件cational objective 教育目标53.53.electronic support system 电子支持系统54.54.event of instruction 教学事件55.expert instruction 专家教学56. 56.individualized learning 个性化学习57.57.intellectual skill 智慧技能58.learning theorist 学习理论家59.level of cognitive performance 认知行为水平60.Responsive Mod el 应答模式61.the null curriculum 空无课程62.Collaborative Learning协作学习63.IT in education教育信息化rmation and Communications Technol ogy信息与通信技术rmation Literacy 信息素养puter Literracy 计算机文化素养67.Learning Contract 学习契约68.Problem-Based Learning(PBL)基于问题的学习69.verbal information 言语信息70.spyware 间谍软件71.motion 电影pact Disk 光盘73.MTV 音乐电视74.satellite broad cast 卫星广播75.World Wid e Web 万维网76.76.microprocessor 微处理器77.cabl e television systems 有线电视系统78.fiber-optics transmission 光纤传输79.artificial reality 人工现实80.Artificial Intelligence 人工智能81.fiber 光纤82.keyboard 键盘83.mobile phone 移动电话84.virtual reality 虚拟现实85.wireless personal area network 个人无线局域网puter-Mediated Communication 计算机媒介沟通87.Concept Maps 概念图88.Thinking Maps思维导图89.integration 整合90.Performance Assessment 绩效评估91.91.mainframe 主机92.ved eodisk 视盘93.attribute of media 媒体特性94. 94.correspond ence 函授课程95.E-learning Portfolio 电子学档96.tacit knowledge 隐性知识97.explict knowledge显性知识98.Knowledge management 知识管理99.Knowledge Evolution Theory知识进化理论100. evaluation instrument 评价工具101. anchor point 锚点102. instructional material 教学材料103. learning experience 学习体验104. organizational behavior 组织行为105. performance support 绩效支持106. specialized 专用的107. systematic 系统的108. stated objective 既定的目标109. Blend ed learning 混合学习110. Virtual Learning Companion System 虚拟学伴系统111. Integrated Ware 积件112. Group Ware 群件113. Imagination 构想性114. summative evaluation 总结性评价115. Authentic Assessment真实性评价116. Scaffold Learning “支架式”学习117. knowledge object 知识对象118. AID systems 教学设计自动化系统119. analysis phase 分析阶段120. d elivery d omain 传送领域121. instructional d elivery 教学传递122. knowledge management system 知识管理系统123. Automated Instructional Design 自动化教学设计124. information explosion 信息爆炸125. Information Age 信息时代126. self-managed 自我管理127. well-trained 受过良好培训的128. E-learning 数字化学习129. WebQuest 网络探究学习130. experimental group 实验组131. case study 案例研究132. behavioral 行为的133. cognitive 认知的134. subject matter 主题135. postmod ern 后现代的136. hypothesis 假设137. holistic 整体的138. illogical 不合逻辑的139. complexity and interd epend ence 复杂性和相互依赖性140. receiver 接受者141. andragogy 成人教育学142. information-processing theory 信息加工理论143. retrieval 重现144. sensory 感觉器官145. slid e 幻灯片146. taxonomy 分类法147. transfer 迁移148. objectivism 客观主义149. research and d evelopment 研究与开发150. communication 传播.。
9篇关于中国文化的英语短文翻译和高频热词2023四六级考试和考研必看
9篇关于中国文化的英语短文翻译和高频热词2023四六级考试和考研必看这是9篇关于中国文化的短文翻译,这些主题都是四六级考试、考研英语里面的重要话题,注意学习哦!同时还给大家推荐一下这个写作文的必备模板句:孔庙(Temple of Confucius)孔庙(Temple of Confucius)坐落于山东省曲阜市南门内,是纪念我国伟大思想家、教育家孔子的祠庙建筑(temple building) ,也是一组具有东方风格的大型建筑群。
由于孔子创立的儒家思想(Confucianism)对于维护社会统治安定所起到的重要作用,孔庙便被古代帝王所器重。
在古代经常举办祭孔典礼。
或者是由皇帝自己,或者是由皇帝委任的高级官员。
祭孔的规模和祭天- -样宏大。
由此,孔子在历史上的重要地位便可见一斑。
参考翻译:翻译解析1.孔庙坐落于山东省曲阜市南门内,是纪念我国伟大思想家、教育家孔子的祠庙建筑,也是一组具有东方风格的大型建筑群该句由三个小分句组成。
第一个分句可译为located引导的地点状语从句 ,其中“坐落”可译为located,表示“处于,位于”。
2.由于孔子创立的儒家思想对于维护社会统治安定所起到的重要作用,孔庙便被古代帝王所器重该句可以用the importance of.做主语。
其中"维护社会统治安定"可译为maintain social ruling stability,“器重”可译为put a high value on。
同义词组还有attach great importance to。
西湖(the West Lake)杭州最著名的景点是西湖(the West Lake)。
西湖是人造湖泊,是根据中国人喜爱的休闲式的花园风格公园而建造的。
十个世纪以来,西湖一直被中国的文人墨客(men of letters)视为精神家园。
宋代诗人苏轼把西湖比作中国古代最美丽的女人西子。
中国古代人民将西湖周围的区域誉为神奇美丽的土地。
大作文英语二词汇
大作文英语二词汇在准备英语二大作文时掌握一定的词汇量是至关重要的。
以下是一些建议的词汇列表这些词汇可以帮助你丰富你的写作内容提高你的作文质量1. Abstract Nouns 抽象名词Culture 文化Education 教育Environment 环境Freedom 自由Happiness 幸福Knowledge 知识Progress 进步Success 成功Technology 技术2. Academic Vocabulary 学术词汇Analyze 分析Argument 论点Assumption 假设Concept 概念Data 数据Evidence 证据Hypothesis 假设Interpretation 解释Perspective 观点3. Economic Terms 经济术语Capital 资本Consumption 消费Deficit 赤字Economy 经济Employment 就业Inflation 通货膨胀Investment 投资Market 市场Profit 利润4. Social Issues 社会问题Discrimination 歧视Equality 平等Poverty 贫困Rights 权利Social justice 社会正义Unemployment 失业Welfare 福利5. Environmental Terms 环境术语 Climate change 气候变化Conservation 保护Ecosystem 生态系统Pollution 污染Renewable energy 可再生能源 Sustainability 可持续性6. Ethical Concepts 伦理概念Accountability 问责制Integrity 诚信Morality 道德Responsibility 责任Trust 信任7. Describing Change 描述变化Advance 进步Decline 衰退Develop 发展Evolve 演变Improve 改进Transform 转变8. Causation and Effect 因果关系Consequence 后果Effect 效果Impact 影响Originate 起源Result 结果9. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives 比较级和最高级形容词 Best 最好的Greatest 最大的Most 最多的Least 最少的Superior 优越的Inferior 次的10. Linking Words and Phrases 连接词和短语 Additionally 此外Consequently 因此Furthermore 而且However 然而Nevertheless 尽管如此On the other hand 另一方面Therefore 因此11. Transitional Phrases 过渡短语As a result 结果In contrast 相比之下In conclusion 总之In fact 事实上On the contrary 相反To sum up 总结起来12. Opinion and Viewpoints 观点和看法Argue 主张Believe 相信Claim 声称Contend 争论Maintain 维持Propose 提议Suggest 建议这些词汇可以帮助你在写作时更准确地表达你的想法和观点同时也能够使你的作文更加丰富和有说服力。
英语主题词汇
英语主题词汇.txt今天心情不好。
我只有四句话想说。
包括这句和前面的两句。
我的话说完了对付凶恶的人,就要比他更凶恶;对付卑鄙的人,就要比他更卑鄙没有情人味,哪来人情味拿什么整死你,我的爱人。
收银员说:没零钱了,找你两个塑料袋吧! 1. 环保:environmental protectionlow carbon economy 低碳经济UN climate change conference in Copenhagen哥本哈根联合国气候变化会议举例: An report issued in the UN climate change conference in Copenhagen shows that the air pollution is worsening.哥本哈根联合国气候变化会议公布的一项报告表明,空气污染问题正在恶化Greenhouse effect温室效应Confront the threat of global warming(面临全球变暖的威胁)To reduce the petrol engine exhaust emissions 减少(汽车)的尾气排放environment- friendly society (生态型社会)contaminate the environment 污染环境natural resources(自然资源)energy conservation and environmental protection (节能环保)biological balance (生物学平衡)bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection (实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一)curb environmental pollution (治理环境污染)develop renewable/substitute resources (开发可再生/替代资源)2. 经济类:economylow carbon economy 低碳经济economic globalization(经济全球化)sustainable development(可持续发展)unfair competition(不正当竞争)promote sales(促销)fake and inferior product(假冒伪劣产品),crack down on fake commodities (打假)purchasing power(购买力)fierce competition(激烈竞争)after-sale service (售后服务)bread –and – butter issue(生计问题)enterprise image(企业形象),brand effect(品牌效应)retail industry (零售行业) wholesale industry (批发行业)credit crisis(信用危机) credit card (信用卡)stabilize the commodity prices(稳定物价)service trade(服务行业)premature consumption超前消费3. 立志(成功/成才):succeed, achieve successthe pursuit of success / achievement / happiness / individual self-realizationspare no efforts/pains to do (不遗余力去做某事)= make great effort to do sth,do with full persistence(坚持不懈地做某事),try every means to stay on top (尽一切努力取得成功)to realize one’s ambition(抱负)可以代替“to fulfill one’s dreams”cultivate the sense of individual self-realization 培养一种自我实现(成功)的意识stand up to/ withstand challenges and difficulties(经得住挑战与困难)4. 大学生活/教育:Educationinnovative learning(创新学习)higher education(高等教育)drop-out(辍学)fake certificate/diploma(假毕业证/文凭)the craze for graduate school(考研热)diploma craze(文凭热)poverty-stricken students(贫困学生)further one’s study (深造)quality education(素质教育)teacher-centered,(以教师为中心) student-centered, (以学生为中心)foster abilities(培养能力)foster comprehensive abilities(提高综合能力)improve the comprehensive quality(提高综合素质)relieve the burden on students(减轻学生负担)be occupied with so much schoolwork(忙于功课)college, university, students union(学生会)extracurricular activity(课外活动)practical capability(实际能力)educational reform(教学改革)academic plagiarism 学术抄袭the examination-oriented education(应试教育)interdisciplinary talents复合型人才(inter-交融,disciplinary学科的=多学科背景)enhance the cultural deposits(提高文化底蕴)good scores but low qualities(高分低能)teach students according to their aptitude(资质)(因材施教)possess political integrity and professional ability(德才兼备)be a student of fine qualities and fine scholar(品学兼优)improve the health and psychological quality(提高学生身心素质)adjust to the social changes quickly(适应社会的改变)meet the urgent need of the society(满足社会的急需)a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic life(更加有意义和丰富的生活)5. 就业:Employmentjob market (就业市场)job hunter/seeker(求职者)employment pressure(就业压力)employer(招聘方)employee(应聘者)applicant(申请人)candidate(人选)position available/ vacant position(空缺职位)competent(能胜任的), be qualified for(合格的), be appropriate to (适合于)college expansion of enrollment(大学扩招)contradiction between supply and demand in the job market就业市场供求矛盾)not in line with major(与专业不符)job arrangement and benefit(工作待遇和福利) promotion(晋升) gender-biased (性别歧视的) appearance-biased(相貌歧视的)money worship(拜金主义)develop fully one’s potential and creativity(充分发挥个人的潜力)brain drain(人才外流)6. 文化类:cultureculture and civilization(文化和文明)Chinese tradition culture is great and profound (博大精深的)The diversity of culture (文化的多样性)pluralistic culture (多元文化)Culture blending (文化融合)integration and interaction(融合交汇)English fever(英语热)7. 流行文化:Pop culturesurf the Internet(网上冲浪)science and technology(科学技术)web-addiction(沉迷网络)computer crime(电脑犯罪)e-commerce(电子商务)virtual life (虚拟生活)information era(信息时代)cyber romance(网恋)8. 社会现象:social phenomenonA thought-provoking phenomenon(令人深思的现象)cause alarm and attention(引起了警惕和重视)corrupt people’s mind (腐化心灵)immoral behaviors(不道德的行为)at the cost of (以…为代价)set good example for(为…树立榜样)take action (采取行动)impose punishment on them(施加处罚)aggravate the seriousness of…(使之恶化)9. 人物特征、情感描写:Characteristicsstrong-minded(坚强的)industrious(勤奋的)harmonious(和谐的)cooperative (合作的)self-centered(以自我为中心的)promising(有前途的)dynamic(有生气的)responsible(有责任心的)influential(有影响力的)profound(渊博精深的)devoted(忠实的,投入的)generous(慷慨的)critical(吹毛求疵)warm-hearted(热心的)hospitality(n. 热情好客)enthusiastic(热情的)。
cul前缀
cul前缀一、什么是cul前缀?cul前缀是英语中常见的一个前缀,它来源于拉丁语的”cultus”,意为”关心”、“培养”或”栽培”。
在英语中,cul前缀通常用于构成与培养、教育、文化等相关的词汇。
二、cul前缀的常见应用领域1. 文化•culture(文化):指一个群体或社会所共有的价值观、信仰、行为准则等。
•cultural(文化的):与特定文化相关的,表达某种文化特征的。
2. 培养•cultivate(培养):指通过教育、训练等方式使某人或某物发展或成长。
•cultivation(培养):指培养的过程或行为。
3. 教育•educate(教育):指通过学习、教导等方式传授知识和技能。
•education(教育):指通过学校、家庭等途径进行的有系统的学习。
4. 农业•agriculture(农业):指农作物的种植、养殖等农业活动。
•agricultural(农业的):与农业相关的,表达与农业有关的特征。
三、cul前缀在不同领域的应用举例1. 文化领域•multicultural(多元文化的):指存在多种文化共存的状态。
•counterculture(反主流文化):指与主流文化相对立的一种文化形态。
•subculture(亚文化):指在主流文化之外形成的一种具有独特特征的文化。
2. 培养领域•self-cultivation(自我修养):指个人通过学习、实践等方式提升自我素质。
•character cultivation(品德培养):指通过教育和训练培养个人的道德品质和行为准则。
•talent cultivation(人才培养):指通过教育和培训等方式培养具备特定技能和能力的人才。
3. 教育领域•preschool education(学前教育):指针对幼儿进行的早期教育。
•adult education(成人教育):指为成年人提供的继续教育和培训。
•vocational education(职业教育):指培养学生具备特定职业技能的教育。
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国外大学结构及官衔president(大学校长universitydean(学校分院长college/schoolhead of the faculty facultyhead of the division divisionchairman departmentprincipal中学校长headmaster小学校长headmistress小学校长(女新生入学及入学后大致过程register/enrole(登记、报到一般会student union office opening ceremony(开学典礼orientation meeting(介绍会指学校综合情况lecture(报告tutorial(一个学生发言那种关于学科的单词basic course基础课specialized course专业课required course必修课optional/selective course选修课literature文学philosophy 哲学history历史art艺术sociology社会学linguistics语言学psychology心理学engineering工程学architecture建筑学business商务law法学economics经济学fiancé金融学accounting会计学banking银行学biochemistry生物化学相关教育单词kindergarten幼儿园elementary education初等教育secondary education中等教育higher education高等教育adult education成人教育open admission免试入学制day-care center幼儿园(美nursery school托儿所primary/elementary school小学(英/美secondary school中学coeducation男女生同校制度junior high school初中senior high school高中attached middle school附中technical school技校polytechnic institute理工学院/科技大学key school重点中学graduate school研究生院open university夜大、函大private school私立学校public school公立学校universal education普及教育educationist/educator教育家postgraduate研究生alumnus/alumna校友(男/女 undergraduate本科alma mater母校auditor=guest student旁听生boarder住宿生open-book exam开卷考pop test抽考orientation program新生训练teaching facilities教学设施assistantship助学金scholarship奖学金room and board食宿auditorium礼堂vice-monitor副班长period of schooling学习年限credit system学分制mark/score/grade分数schedule=school timetable课程表individual study自习individual coaching=tutorial个别指导english evening英语晚会after-school activities 课外活动social investigation社会调查voluntary labor义务劳动graduation appraisal 毕业评估graduation ceremony=commencement毕业典礼diploma=graduation certificate毕业证书drop out辍学quit school退学school discipline校纪attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上课miss a class缺课cut a class旷课expel sb from school开除tuition学费miscellaneous expenses杂费a grant-aided student领助学金的学生lecture portfolio讲义夹semester半学期blue-book考卷report card成绩单final-examination期末考核quiz小测验oral test口试diploma毕业证degree学位associate diploma专科证书bachelor学士master硕士doctor of philosophy博士expert专家consultant顾问coordinator班主任/协调人professor教授associate professor副教授lecturer讲师adviser/mentor导师counselor辅导老师course arrangement课程按排application form申请表school of arts and sciences 文理学院project学生独立钻研的课外课题presentation针对某一专题发表的演讲paper/thesis/dissertation论文letter of recommendation表扬信journal周记office hour教授与学生面谈时间instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three r's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误(short course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course (of study 学业student body 学生(总称 classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用功的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者(总称teachers 教师(总称primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长(女性为:headmistressdeputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师(蔑称of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons (学生上课to teach (老师上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带(美作:trotto pass an examination (或exam, 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文general certificate of education 中学毕业证书(美作:high school diploma holder of the general certificate of education 中学毕业生(美作:holder of a high school diplomadoctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试(大学代理校长acting president (大学副校长vice president (大学校长president/chancellor (大学专科major types of education in china short 2- to 3- year higher education programs (大学的研究小组;讨论会seminar (国家助学金(statestipend/subsidy (戏剧学院表演系acting department (系主任chairman; chairperson (小学校长head /master (职工子弟学校school for children of workers & staff members (中学校长principal 爱国人士patriotic personage 爱国主义教育education in patriotism 百分制100-mark system 班主任class discipline adviser/head teacher 办学效益efficiency in school management 半工半读学校part-work and part-study school 半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate 包分配guarantee job assignments 被授权be authorized to do 必修课required/compulsory course毕业典礼graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定graduation appraisal 毕业论文thesis; dissertation 毕业设计graduation ceremony 毕业生graduate 毕业实习graduation field work 毕业证书diploma; graduation certificate 博士doctor (ph.d 博士后post doctorate 博士后科研流动站center for post-doctoral studies 补考make-up examination 补习学校continuation school 不及格fail 材料工程系department of materials engineering 材料科学系department of materials science 财贸学校finance and trade school 财政拨款financial allocation 测量系department of survey 成绩单school report; report card; transcript 成人教育adult education 成人学校adult school 成人夜校night school for adults成为有理想,有道德,有文化,守纪律的劳动者to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 初等教育elementary education 初中junior middle school 辍/失学青少年school dropout/leaver 大学肆业生undergraduate 德才兼备to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability低年级学生lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 地理系department of geography 地球物理系department of geophysics 地质系department of geology 电机工程系department of electrical engineering 电机制造学校electrical machinery school 电力学校electric power school 电视大学t.v. university 电子系department of electronics 雕塑系department of sculpture 定向招生students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers东方语言学系department of oriental languages & literature 动物学系department of zoology动员mobilize 短训班short-term training course 多学科的multi-disciplinary 俄语系department of russian 发挥学生主动性、创造性to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness法律系department of law 法语系french language department 反复灌输inculcate 纺织工程系department of textile engineering 纺织航海学校textile machinery school 分数mark; grade 分校branch school 服务性行业service trade 辅导员assistant for political and ideological work 附中attached middle school 附属中学attached middle school 副教授associate professor 副修minor 副主任vice-chairman 岗位培训undergo job-specific training 高等教育higher/tertiary education高等学校institution of higher education 高年级学生upper/higher gradepupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades高中senior middle school 工程物理系department of engineering physics 工业大学polytechnic university 工业工程系department of industrial engineering 工业管理系department of industrial management 工业设计系department of industrial design 工业学院engineering institute 公费生government-supported student 公开课open class 共产主义道德品质communist ethics 共产主义教育education in communism 管理科学系department of management science 广播电视大学television and radio broadcasting university 国画系department of tradition chinese painting 国际关系系department ofinternational relations 国际经济系department of international economics 国际劳工组织international labor organization 国际贸易系department of international trade 国际文化交流intercultural communication国际政治系department of international politics 国际主义教育education in internationalism 国家发明奖national invention prize 国家教育经费national expenditure on education 国家科技进步奖national prize for progress in science and technology 国家统计局the state statistical bureau 国家自然科学奖national prize for natural sciences 海洋学系department of oceanography 函授大学correspondence college 航海系department of navigation 河流港湾工程系department of river & harbor engineering 护理系department of nursing 护士学校nurses' school 化工学校chemical engineering school 化学系department of chemistry 环境工程学系department of environmental engineering 会计系department of accounting 会计学校accountant school 伙食补助food allowance 伙食费board expenses 机械工程系department of mechanical engineering 基本框架basic framework基础科学the fundamentals 基础课basic course 基金会foundation 及格pass 集体主义教育education in collectivism 计算机学系department of computer science 记者招待会press conference 技工学校school of technology 寄宿生boarder 家业经济系department of agricultural economics 假期工作vacation jobs 坚持社会主义方向to keep to the socialist orientation 兼职教授part-time professor 建筑工程系department of architectural engineering 建筑工程学校building engineering school 建筑学department of architecture 讲师lecturer/instructor 奖励rewards 奖学金scholarship 奖学金生prize fellow 教材编写组teaching materials writing group 教导主任director of teaching and教师进修学校teachers' college for vocational studies 教授professor 教书育人to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 教务长dean/director of teaching affairs, dean of studies 教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production 教学大纲teaching program; syllabus 教学内容content of courses 教学人员the faculty; teaching staff 教学组teaching group 教研室/组teaching and research section/group 教研室主任head of the teaching and research section 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务,必须同生产劳动相结合,培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。