2018届高三英语一轮复习语法专项学案：专题三--代词

定

高三英语语法专题三------ 代词

热点语法三

代词

编者：巩玉香

修编： 王海虹

近几年的考点、热点： 代词的基本用法 ，考查重点集中在不定代词，it,that,one 用作替代词以及 it 的用 法。 题设在单选题，短文改错，语法填空中，阅读理解代词的指代也是考查的重点。

语法要点精析

一、 代词总览

人称 代词

物主 代词

主格

宾格

adj

n

I

me

my

mine you

you your

yours he

him his

his she

her her

hers it

it its

its we

us our

ours they

them their

theirs

own 与 adj 物主 代 词 连 用

yourself

反身代词

myself

yourselves

himself

herself

itself

ourselves

themselves

so 用于指代已述观点句尤接在动词后 指示代词

this

that

these

those such 用作代词构成倒装 the same

关系代词 who whose whom that

which

引导定语从句

疑问代词

人

不

物 代 不词 词 定量

代化 who

someone somebody

something some any

whose

anyone anybody

anything

many much

whom

everyone everybody

everything

every each

what which

no one

nobody none

nothing

all

other none another any

可与 else 连用

也可构成所有格。

如 someone else’s

both

neither one (a)few either ones (a)little

相互代词

each other===one another

二、 用法

一)人称代词

A)1) You and I are close friends; the secret is only between you and me. 2) He believes that wecan beat themat the table tennis. 3) ---Who is it? ---- It’s me.

4)---Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. ---Why me? John is sitting there doing nothing.

1.人称代词有性、数和格的变化，在句中常用作主语（用主格）、宾语（用宾格）和表语

人称代词（用主格或宾格）

2．如果人称代词后无谓语动词单独使用时，常用宾格。

B）代词it

1) --Have you seen my pen? ---It’s in my box.

2) ---Who is it?---It’s me

3)---A lovely day,isn’t i t?

---Yes.I love it when the weather is like this.Why not go out for a walk？

4)Salt water hit against her face,making it difficult to breathe

5)I told him to work hard but it didn’t help.

指代it 1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等

2.指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法，性别不明或性别被认为不重

要的人或动物，也可指代未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。

3.可用作指示代词，相当于this,that

形式it 1.作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词-ing形式、名词性从句。

2.表示“喜怒哀乐”等心理方面的动词后面接it，构成固定结构，这类动词有enjoy,

prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate,rely on=depend on,see to等固定搭配when it comes to当涉及到make it成功，约定时间，及时赶上

as sb put it正如某人说说get it明白as it is事实上，照原样

If I can help it如果我有办法，如果有何能

二)物主代词物主代词分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词。

1)I have a book.Its cover is red.What about yourbook?

2)I want to have a room of my own.

3)This is our room.It’s ours(=our room).Where is yours(=your room)?

4)He is an old friend of mine.

1)只能在句中作定语,即相当于形容词修饰其后的名词。

adj的物主代词2)own常与形容词性的物主代词连用。

1)相当于名词在句中作主语、宾语和表语。其后不允许再有名词出现。

n的物主代词2)构成名词双重所有格：…n+of+n’s或名词性的物主代词

三)反身代词

1）They enjoyed themselves at the party.We did the work all by ourselves.

2)Wang Gang is not quite himself today.王刚今天不太对头。

3)You yourself(=you and not anyone else)told me the story.

[规律总结]

1.结构：第一、二人称的反身代词由形容词性的物主代词+self/selves;

第三人称的反身代词由人称代词的宾格+self/selves.

2.功能：

表语

动词

宾语宾“be+反身代词”，意为“身心健康”

enjoy oneself(=have a good time=have fun)玩得痛快help oneself to随便吃

seat oneself(=be seated)就坐teach oneself sth自学talk/speak to oneself自言自语express oneself（口头或书面）表达自己devote oneself to专心于

2专题四---