跨文化交际Unit4
跨文化Unit 4
Unit 4 Verbal Communication
01 Warm-up Casess 02 Culturally Loaded Words 03 Cultural Reflections on Proverbs 04 Taboos 05 Differences in Cultural Thought Patterns 06 Exercises
01 Warm-up Cases 02 Culturally Loaded Words 03 Cultural Reflections on Proverbs 04 Taboos 05 Differences in Cultural Thought Patterns 06 Exercises
02 Culturally Loaded Words A beautiful woman
Unit 4 Verbal Communication
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02 Culturally Loaded Words Does “dragon” mean the same to a Westerner as “龙” to a Chinese?
In Chinese culture, “龙” is a totem['təʊtəm] with
01 Warm-up Cases
Case 1 Shoes for Street Walking (P67)
跨文化交际实用教程unit4ppt课件
• blue book
• a blue Monday • a white lie • a green wound
• red-letter days
• 蓝皮书（美）刊 载知名人士的书
• 倒霉的星期一 • 善意的谎言
• 新伤，未痊愈的 伤口
• 喜庆的日子
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Translating the Underlined Part
• Group Work 1.红糖 2.红茶 3.眼红 4.开门红 5.红白喜事
1. brown sugar 2. black-tea 3. green-eyed 4. to begin well, to make
a good start 5. weddings and funerals
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patterns
III. Summary IV. Assignments
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I. Warm-up cases
Case 1. Shoes for Street Walking Question : Why did the Italian shop owner
make such a blunder?
----to be careful, especially when there is danger
跨文化交际-Unit 4
Ethnocentrism
Assuming that the world-view of one‟s own culture is central to all reality, the idea that your own race, nation, group etc is better than any other Obstacle that leads to distrust, conflict, even hostility
跨文化交际实用教程Unit 4
However, the word “hustle” has another meaning in which romance or sex is hinted. Rosalita must have thought Roger was referring to this and considered it as an insult to her friend.
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II. Detailed Study
1.Culturally Loaded Words What are loaded words?
Loaded words and phrases are those which have strong emotional overtones (n. 暗示，弦外音，寓意) or connotations (n. 涵义，言外之意), and which evoke strongly positive or negative reactions beyond their literal meaning.
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Case 3 Look out
Comment:
Look out---- to stick your head outside of sth. (window/door) to take a look ----to be careful, especially when there is danger
跨文化交际中英文化对比教学课件Unit 4 Alcoholic drinks and drinkng
• tine [taɪn] n. 齿；尖头
• index [ˈɪndeks] n. 指标；指数；索引；指针index finger示指 ; 食指 • thumb [θʌm] n. 拇指；（手套的）拇指部分 • circumstance [ˈsɜːrkəmstæns] n. 环境；状况；境遇under no circumstances决不 • shovel [ˈʃʌvl] n. 铁铲；一铲的量；铲车vt. 铲除；用铲挖 • palm [pɑːm] n. 手掌；棕榈树；掌状物 • lick [lɪk] vt 舔；卷过；轻轻拍打n. 舔；打；少许 • sip [sɪp] v. 小口喝，抿，啜饮 n. 一小口（饮料）， • insult [ɪnˈsʌlt; ˈɪnsʌlt ] v./n. 侮辱；辱骂；损害 • scrape [skreɪp] v. 用工具刮；刮掉；擦伤；挖坑；刮出刺耳声 • pit [pɪt] n. 矿井；深坑；陷阱；凹陷 • gristle [ˈɡrɪsl] n. 软骨；软骨结构 • rules of thumb 经验法则；拇指规则
Text study: Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China (P. 90)
In Chinese, any beverage containing appreciable quantities of ethanol ([ˈeθənɒl] 乙醇) is referred to as jiǔ, which includes various liquors (烈性酒), beer, rice wine and fruit wine. Stories of jiu can be traced back to almost every period of Chinese history. A legend goes that the method for making alcoholic drinks was invented during the reign of Yu the Great. (Para. 1)
unit4Language跨文化交际大学教学课件
案例二：国际旅游中的跨文化交际
总结词
文化背景影响旅游体验
详细描述
在国际旅游中，来自不同文化背景的游客有着不同的期望和行为习惯。例如，西方游客通常习惯于自 由行和个性化服务，而东方游客可能更倾向于跟团游和统一安排。导游和旅游服务提供者需要了解这 些文化差异，提供更加贴心和定制化的服务。
Unit4Language跨文化交际 大学教学课件
目录
CONTENTS
• 跨文化交际概述 • 语言与文化的关系 • 跨文化交际技巧 • 跨文化交际案例分析 • 跨文化交际能力的培养
01 跨文化交际概述
CHAPTER
定义与特点
定义
跨文化交际是指来自不同文化背景的 人们之间的交流和互动。
特点
跨文化交际具有多元性、差异性和互 动性的特点，需要参与者具备跨文化 意识和能力，尊重并理解不同文化之 间的差异，以实现有效的沟通。
文化敏感性
了解不同文化背景下的价值观、习俗和行为规范，尊重差异。
适应能力
在跨文化交际中保持开放心态，适应不同文化环境。
解决冲突
在出现文化冲突时，采取积极的态度和方法解决，避免产生误解 和冲突。
跨文化交际Unit4SocialInteraction
Unit Four Social Interaction
Ⅰ. Fill in blanks
a. In Britain, ______ and ______ are common topics. Some taboo questions are considered too ______ or too ______ to talk about when first meeting someone.
b. “______” is a commonly used term by Chinese peop le to address someone who is older than the speaker to show his politeness, respect and closeness. But in America, people like being labeled as “______”.
c. To western eyes going Dutch, splitting the bill, implies ______ between friends.
d. We Chinese us ually say “no” when somebody offers something, because sometimes an offer is not a ______ offer but a ______ remark.
e. Like the Chinese, people in the English-speaking countries also avoid ______ or ______ by using polite expressions when giving refusals.
跨文化交际复习unit-4
3) Japanese ways to avoid saying “no”
❖ 1. Be vague.
--- Do you think Mr. たなか will sign contact? --- Oh, I do really hope so.
❖ I had a British friend who I thought never had anything to say (which was becoming rather annoying) until I learned that she was waiting for a pause to take her turn– a pause of a length that never occurred around me, because before it did, I perceived an uncomfortable silence which I kindly headed off by talking.
White listeners think blacks are overbearing. White speakers think the blacks are not paying
attention.
【精选】跨文化交际课程unit4
Why did the Italian shop owner make such a mistake ?
Case 2
Roger was the Personnel Executive (人事执行员) of a large American multinational firm. In 1996, Roger was working in Brazil to help promote their business. One evening, there was a party, attended by both his employees from the United States and many Brazilian business people. At the party, Roger bumped into Rosalita, a Brazilian woman he hБайду номын сангаасd known for some time. Roger generally had a very good impression of Rosalita and always felt at ease with her, so that he felt free to tell jokes and share personal thoughts, and talk about Brazil and Brazilian life without having the worries of offending Rosalita.
跨文化交际Unit 4 Verbal Communication
德国人和日本人、中国人一同坐火车从德国的法 兰克福去巴黎，这3个人坐在一个车厢裏。途中 上来一位客人，这位客人将手裏端著的鱼缸放在 空座上。德国人开始发问：“您能告诉我这鱼的 名称吗？它在生物学上的类别及有哪些特征？它 们在科学上的意义又是什麼？”日本人听完德国 人的话后接著问：“请问这种鱼我们国家能不能 引进？根据日本的气候、水温、水质，这种鱼能 不能生长？”轮到中国人来问了：“这种鱼是红 烧好吃，还是清蒸更好吃一点？”
惟女子与小人难养也。 女人头发长，见识短。 女子无才便是德。 好男不跟女斗，好鸡不跟狗斗。 天下最毒妇人心。 嫁出去的女儿泼出去的水。
He that would thrive, must ask his wife.谁 想发迹，就请教妻子。 He who does not honor his wife, dishonor himself.不尊重妻子的人就是不尊重自己。 A good wife is a good prize.好妻子是好的奖 赏。 A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband. 贤德的妇女是丈夫的冠冕。
History on proverbs
东施效颦 名落孙山 叶公好龙 邯郸学步 破釜沉舟 夸父追日
Achilles' heel Meet one’s waterloo
跨文化交际unit 4课件
Unit 4 词汇与意义
⏹教学内容：
⏹（1）词汇的概念意义、内涵意义、社会意义、情感意义和搭配意义。
⏹（2）中英词汇对比
⏹基本要求：
⏹了解词汇在语言的跨文化交际中的地位，掌握词汇的几种意义，中英语言在词汇方面存在的差别。重点是词汇的内涵意义及中英词汇的差别。
Importance
⏹If we want to study the difference between two languages, we have to begin with the study of the words in the two languages. Because the close relationship between language and culture is most readily seen in words.
Section 1 T ypes of meanings
⏹1. Conceptual meaning概念意义
⏹the basic meaning presented by a word. It refers to logical, cognitive(认知的), referential (指示的), or denotative（外延的）content.
⏹also known as surface meaning or denotative meaning外延意义, dictionary meaning or literal meaning字面意义of a word.
Features of Conceptual meaning概念意义
《新编跨文化交际英语教程》复习资料U4
《新编跨文化交际英语教程》复习资料U4
Unit 4 Language and Culture
Some Ideas Related to language and culture
1. Interrelationship between culture and language
Each culture has its own peculiarities and throws special influence on the language system. For example, referring to the same common domestic animal, English chooses the word “dog”, while Chinese has its own character “狗”; Chinese has the phrase “走狗” while English has the expression “running dog”, but the meanings attributed to the two expressions are completely different according to Chinese culture and Western culture respectively. To Westerners, “running dog” has a positive meaning since the word “dog”, in most cases, is associated with an image of an animal pet－the favorite friend, thus they have the phrases “lucky dog” (幸运儿), “top dog” (胜利者), “old dog” (老手), “gay dog” (快乐的人), and it is usually used to describe everyday life and behavior, as in “Love me, love my dog” (爱屋及乌)，“Every dog has its day” (凡人皆有得意日). But in Chinese “走狗” refers to a lackey, an obsequious person. Since Chinese associates derogatory meaning to the character “狗” depending on the cultural difference, Chinese has such expressions as “狗东西”，“狗腿子”，“狗仗人势”，“狗胆包天”，“狗嘴里吐不出象牙”，“狼心狗肺”，“痛打落水狗”，“狗急跳墙”.We can obviously see that the meaning attributed to language is cultural-specific. A great deal of cross-cultural misunderstanding occurs when the “meanings” of words in two languages are assumed to be the same, but actually reflect different cultural patterns. Some are humorous as when a Turkish visitor to the . refused to eat a hot
跨文化交际实用教程unit4
as Chinese word “干部”.
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社会科学
Social Sciences in Chinese covers all the fields except the ones in the natural science and applied sciences. Same as “the humanities” in English.
8
Animals in English and Chinese
Dogs– In the west, dogs are the faithful friends for the mankind and the lovable pets in the family. Therefore the idiom related to dogs usually have the positive meaning, such as a lucky dog 幸运儿； an old dog 老手； Every dog has its day. 凡人皆 有得意日。He works like a dog. 他工作很努力。 Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
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social questions ---- a lubricant to move the conversation forward
information questions ---- asking for information Words in themselves do not carry the meaning. The
Unit 4 Language and Culture
Warm Up
Pun:
amusing use of a word or phrase that has two meanings, or of a word with the same sound but different meanings
Language reflects cultural values. (time)
In ICC or translation: do dictionaries always help?
We translate concepts from a foreign language and culture with words that fits our priorities.
Language = neutral codes and grammatical rules? We make cultural choices when we select words,
form sentences and send a message. All languages have social questions and information
as before; as usual; as of old 狗撵鸭子呱呱叫
very good
More examples
恋爱“三草”原则: 女：你说你很寂寞，为什么不去找你以前的女朋友而来追我
呢？
男：好马不吃回头草！(A good horse will never turn round to graze on an old pasture.)
狼心狗肺, 鼠窃狗盗, 偷鸡 - I am too old a dog to
摸狗, 指鸡骂狗, 猪Biblioteka Baidu狗险, learn new tricks. (行家里
狗皮膏药, 狗走狐淫, 丧家 手)
之狗, 狗行狼心, 狗胆包天, - He is top dog in the
关门打狗
office. (头儿)
Reading I How Is Language Related to Culture
Communication across cultures and languages is difficult and full of hurdles and pitfalls. Even if two people from different cultures can speak a common language, they may misinterpret the cultural signals. The result is confusion and misunderstanding.
More examples
I am sorry. I am sorry, too. I am sorry three. What are you sorry for (four)? I am sorry five.
Reading I How Is Language Related to Culture
e.g.: dog
Identical words with rather different meanings: administration, manager/director, force majeure (不 可抗力)
Reading I
How Is Language Related to Culture
女：你们班上也有女孩呀！我们俩相隔这么远，为何来追我 呢？
男：兔子不吃窝边草！(A rabbit doesn‘t nibble the grass near its own hole.)
女：那你现在为什么又要抛弃我呢？你这个混蛋！
男：天涯何处无芳草！(There are plenty of fish in the sea.)
打落水狗, 斗鸡走狗, 狗恶 - Watchdog (舆论监督)
酒酸, 狗吠不惊, 狗急跳墙, - Love me, love my dog.
狗头军师, 狗血喷头, 狗眼 看人, 狗仗人势, 狗嘴里吐 不出象牙, 挂羊头、卖狗肉, 关门打狗, 狐朋狗友, 鸡鸣 狗吠, 嫁鸡随鸡、嫁狗随狗,
(爱屋及乌) - Every dog has his day. (凡人皆有得意日) - Be faithful as a dog
Language lives, and it changes over time. Words and phrases that are used commonly at one time may be discontinued or their meaning may change overtime.
“gay”
purity of a language
A language, if spoken in different parts of the globe, ultimately develop differently.
“Englishes”
Reading I How Is Language Related to Culture
Things like puns defy translation across languages.
More examples
“Why time flies?”
“Because somebody wants to kill it.” “你有什么了不起，能把我吃了！”
“不能,我是回民！” 外甥打灯笼照(舅)旧
meaning comes out of the context, the cultural usage.
Reading I How Is Language Related to Culture
Language reflects the environment in which we live. (snow, wine)