lecture1_BW channel-Stanford
DS&AL_Lecture1-1--Introduction
Author
Mark Allen Weiss
Publisher Descri ption
Posts &Telecom Press
002
Conclusion 2: Data should be organized for the reason of efficient operation.
Conclusion 1: Unorganized data can not represent information very clearly.
1/17/2011 BUPTSSE 4
What is a Data Structure ?
Example 2
Book ID 001 Book name Data structures and algorithm Analysis in C
This information may be in the form of text documents, images, audio clips, software programs, or other types of data. A data set in a classroom ={ desk 1, desk 2,…chair 1, chair 2…,stud 1, stud 2,…}
Data Element
StudentID First name Last name age 1001 1002 1002
1/17/2011
mark Edwin …
Li zhang ….
BUPTSSE
20 22 ….
2023-2024学年高考英语专项真题练习——动词的时态和语态(含解析)
2023-2024学年高考英语专项真题试卷练习——动词的时态和语态1.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure that I feel when I’m hearing birdsong (support) by research.2.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）So, when you take a walk outdoors or go for a hike, (listen) for the birds that share your ce.3.（湖南省益阳市南县第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）As we know, China’s Belt and Road Initiative______ (motivate) more countries to cooperate more closely so far.4.（湖南省永州一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Over the past few years, China (see) a risein young consumers interested in internal brands and products that incorporate traditional Chinese style and culture, a trend known as guochao.5.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）Since the Chinese highly qualified silk (make) its fame to the western countries, the merchants sought the opportunity of trading Chinese silk along this route and gained a great fortune.6.（湖南省岳阳市湘阴校联考2023-2024学年试题）Many people took part and numerous goods (trade) in the great international trade at that time.7.（湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高三试题）First manufactured in Shanghai in the 1940s, White Rabbit wasn’t only a household name in China, it also (use) as gifts for foreign dignitaries(政要).8.（湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）China’s modernization process over the past four decades____ (create) a new context where there is a partnership between the ancient and modern, gnerating something new and genuine.9.（湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）This new technology (be) as important then as the Internet is today for spreading of knowledge and communication.10.（湖南省长沙市南雅中学2023-2024学年高三试题）The neighborhood (change) over the decades, but the theater still stands tall and is currently managed by the National Peking Opera Company.11.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）To commemorate the occasion, China Post （issue）a collection of stamps in December（2021）.12.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）During his lifetime, Wang （pen）more than 1, 000 poems.13.（湖南天壹名校联盟2023-2024学年高三大联考试题）The “Spring Fair”, featuring diverse Chinese cultural activities, (hold) on Sunday at the Garden of Serenity, a traditional Chinese garden in Santa Lucija, Malta.14.（湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三试题）It is a result of art and time. The tone of guqin is quiet and distant. The guqin (favor) by the literati(文人)in ancient China.15.（湘豫名校联考2023-2024学年高三试题）The earliest piece of guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei province in 2016, (date) back to the Zhou Dynasty. The body of a guqin is made of lacquered wood(漆木)and the strings of twisted silk.16.（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Maliao village is famous for its silver jewellery. In fact, Miao silver jewellery (list) as National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006.17.（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三试题）Since that year, most young craftsmen (return) to their hometown and found a bright future.18.（湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检）Tea picking (become) a habit for her over the past five years. After she is done, Tsering Yangdron goes back home, where she also runs a homestay.19.（湖北省武汉市硚口区2023-2024学年高三质检）“We have come up with a dish of fresh tea buds fried with eggs,” she said. A kilogram of fresh tea buds (sell) for 300 yuan.20.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）It represents the traditional cultural heritage of the Han ethnic group in China. Hanfu embodies the elegance, grace, and beauty of ancient Chinese civilization. In the last few years it (make) a comeback.21.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）Certain hanfu has a colorful reflective effect, as shiny decorative powders (stamp) into the cloth.22.（湖北省黄冈市2023-2024学年高三调研试题）Taiping Village, 40 kilometers north of Lingjiatan, has a volunteer team called “Taiping Women”, which (found) by Wang Zilian several years ago. 23.（湖北省宜荆荆恩2023-2024学年高三起点试题）Despite the word “snail” in its Chinese name, actual snails don’t commonly appear in the dish, but (use) to flavor the soup.24.（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）One day when she (cycle) to school, she bumps into a handsome student named Souta, who turns out to be a “Closer” — a person charged with “closing doors to another world”.25.（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）The center (launch) in June on Zhenxing Road to help relieve the pressure on many of those running its 435 street stalls, many of whom are migrant workers from around the country without local relatives to help take care of their children. 26.（江苏省镇江第一中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）According to a recent report archaeologists______ (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors.27.（江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年高三试题）The story of the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the master of romantic poetry Li Bai (offer) a glimpse into the star-studded history of the Tang era.28.（2024届江苏省徐州市沛县高三模拟）Under the theme of “Chinese language plus arts”, the series______ (comprise) of two parts the first part of which contains four episodes, each featuring one artist.29.（2024届江苏省徐州市沛县高三模拟）In the first episode, Wu, one director of Fine Arts Experimental Art School at the academy (share) his creation procedure of The Heaven of Nine Levels, a hand-carved piece inspired by Shan Hai Jing.30.（江苏省百校联考2023-2024学年高三试题）Chen Bing is one of the inheritors (传承人) of the Chen-style taijiquan. He (practise) it since he was six years old under the guidance of his uncles, Chen Xiaowang and Chen Xiaoxing.31.（江苏省常熟市2023-2024学年高三10月抽测试题）It was a big day for Liu Jing, an overseas Chinese student in Paris. She (work) with her friends for three months on an exhibition.32.（江苏省常熟市2023-2024学年高三10月抽测试题）In mid 2022, the French brand Dior introduced its new collection by using China’s traditional mamianqun element without being acknowledged by relevant Chinese institutions. The French brand (criticize) due to the incident.33.（江苏省常州市八校2023年高三10月联合调研）He said he felt very good. He (follow) by Wang, the first female Chinese astronaut who had entered China’s ce station.34.（江苏省常州市八校2023年高三10月联合调研）“I want to tell my daughter, mom returned afterreaching for the stars,” she said. Ye (exit) last from the capsule.35.（江苏省常州市联盟校2023-2024学年高三10月调研试题）Altman said the technology could (use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.”36.（江苏省常州市联盟校2023-2024学年高三10月调研试题）Lewina Lee, lead author of the study, said, “A lot of evidence ___ (suggest) that exceptional longevity( 长寿) is widely accompanied by a longer n of good health and living without disability.37.（江苏省常州市十校2023年高三联合调研）Any normal person sometimes experience disappointment, ambitions and the loss of loved ones. But for many people, these matters of human existence (transform) into an abnormal state of deir.38.（江苏省东台中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）Despite the word “snail” in its Chinese name, actual snails don’t commonly appear in the dish, but (use) to flavor the soup.39.（江苏省灌南高级中学2023-2024学年高三试卷）Consequently, cybercrime coming in many different forms______ (become) a huge problem in recent years.40.（江苏省灌南高级中学2023-2024学年高三试卷）Cybercriminals took advantage of a weakness in a server,______ (assess) the company’s files and demanded a large sum of money.41.（江苏省连云港高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题）At the entrance to the villages, a grand “torch tower”, standing more than 20 metres high and made of pine branches and dry firewood, (decorate) with fresh flowers and fruits.42.（江苏省连云港外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.43.（江苏省南京市五校2023年高三联考试题）“The on-loan program (highlight) close partnerships and scientific cooperation between China and other countries.44.（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China (add) to the UNESCO Representative List ofthe Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.45.（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）“For centuries, the scent of tea leaves (offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rootedin people’s everyday life.”46.（江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题）Wearing traditional Li costumes, and fishing in streams_____ (be) among visitors’ favorite activities. Danzhou has also attracted visitors by organizing sports events.47.（江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年度高三调研试题）By Aug 19, Haihua Island (receive) over 1 million tourists during the summer vacation.48.（江苏省苏州中学校2023-2024学年高三试题) Besides their obvious monetary value, they all carry their own cultural value as well. For example, on the back of the 5-yuan banknote Taishan Mountain in Shandong.49.（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）He mentioned that the Chinese market is significant for jade products, and his business (operate) in China for 10 years.50.（河北省衡水市第二中学2023-2024学年高三检测试题）Among his impressive consideration_____ (be) Harvard, Stanford, and MIT.二单项选择1．I___________ for a lecture this afternoon, so I’m afraid I won’t be able to meet you at the airport.A．have prepared B．will have preparedC．have been preparing D．will be preparing2．In recent years, a global campaign ______ by the ce Agency to promote further development of the manned aviation.A．launched B．has launched C．was launched D．has been launched 3．—The works of art on show were beautiful indeed.—True. It’s a pity that we ________ to take photographs in the museum.A．didn’t allow B．hadn’t allowedC．weren’t allowed D．haven’t been allowed4．By the time my mother came back from work, my sister and I ______ supper and were waiting for her at the table.A．have cooked B．had cooked C．were cooking D．would cook5．The medical worker, along with his colleague, ________ thousands of citizens in the last three years.A．serves B．servedC．have served D．has served6．It’s reported that many houses________ at present in the disastrous area.A．have built B．are built C．are being built D．have been built7．Food supplies in this area________ out. We must act now before there is none left.A．are running B．will run C．have run D．run8．My father________ for ten years but he has given it up because of his illness.A．smokes B．smoked C．had smoked D．has smoked9．All passengers object to transferring to the next flight ________ they ________ a proper explanation.A．though; will make B．unless; are givenC．if; will give D．because; are made10．I ________ a new alarm clock the other day at Taylor’s when I heard someone singing a familiar song.A．bought B．was buying C．has bought D．would buy11．The boss finally decided to send Ken to Kunming for a business trip, for he ______ there for five years and is familiar with the city.A．works B．would work C．had worked D．has been working 12．Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ______ to London to attend an international meeting the other day.A．are invited B．is invited C．were invited D．was invited13．I’m well aware that I shouldn’t have got angry with John — He me; he really meant it for the best.A．hadn’t criticized B．wasn’t criticizingC．wouldn’t criticize D．hadn’t been criticizing14．Thompson has two plans, neither of ________ to be practical.A．them seem B．which seems C．which seeming D．that seem15．Today the number of people learning Kerean in China _________ increasing rapidly.A．were B．was C．are D．is16．My parents always remind us that by no means ________ no respect for our teachers.A．we show B．did we showC．should we show D．we should show17．—Bob has gone to Shanghai.—Oh, can you tell me when he_________?A．has left B．left C．is leaving D．would leaving 18．—Have you played the piano for a long time?—Yes, since I _________ the Aiqin Club.A．joined B．joins C．had joined D．has joined 19．—What’s the weather forecast for tomorrow?—Sorry, I was on the phone and ______ most of it.A．had missed B．missed C．would miss D．was missing 20．Increased light pollution globally means that the starry nights that once inspired artist such as Vincent van Gogh ________ much more difficult to observe over the past century.A．become B．have become C．became D．are becoming21．The number of people who own a car ______ in the past 10 years.A．increases B．has increased C．increased D．have increased22．Up to now large quantities of money ______________ to help those suffering from the floods.A．have collected B．has been collected C．have been collected D．will have collected 23．Not until I began to work did I realize how much time ______.A．had wasted B．had been wastedC．have wasted D．have been wasted24．Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development A．are taken B．have been taken C．were taken D．will be taken25．Delete the short message at once! Many a man _________by such tricks up to now.A．are taken in B．is taken inC．have been taken in D．has been taken in26．In that accident his sight ______, but many people have given him a lot of help.A．had lost B．had missed C．was lost D．was missing27．She says that each of us has a role in making the earth a better place to live in.A．to have played B．to playC．to be played D．to be playing28．The teacher suggested that much attention should the spelling mistakes.A．pay for B．pay toC．be paid for D．be paid to29．—What do you think of his teaching method?—It should be popular; it _____ practical.A．proves B．is proved C．has been proved D．was proved30．They blamed the failure on George. Actually, he ________.A．is not to blame B．is to blame C．is not to be blamed D．should not blame三语篇填空Passage 1（2024届河北省廊坊市重点高中联考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
马云斯坦福大学演讲字幕
It’s my great honor and the, I was invited about months ago. I did not expect,people said this is very sensitive time for me to talk,because about yahoo ,about alibaba about this ,that, so I promise promise,I come,T oday any question you have,I will answer any question you have.All right,so I‟ve been here for fifteen day and I planed to spend one year here. Nobody know,my company did not know that,I am gonna spend one year here. Cause people asked why you are here?Are you here for getting yahoo? “NO”Everybody was very sensitive when I said “,I am gonna spend one year here” ,and the I just come here I am tired ,too tired in the past sixteen year,I start my business ,when I started 1994 internet ,I got crazy about the internet,,gave up my job in the teaching, I called myself like blind man riding on the back of a blind tiger, jumping around,and still KIKI ,still surviving，and then join the govement organization for sixteen months, not successful ,started alibaba 1999. and we built up the alibaba,we are luck enough,we have the taobao ,we have the alipay we have ali cloud computing,and the so many things,after 12years,I say:”I need some time to rest” , especially,this year,so difficult for me , I did not expect. Per 12 years was china call the “本命年“. This is our 12 year for alibaba.At the beginning of the year,,we have the,you know ,moving for alibaba b2b CEO,because the customer cheating thing,and then we have the alipay about the VIE.I still don‟t know what the VIE is,”right”, and then we have the ,taobao separate into 4 parts,so many things ,It really make me fell tired,and I said:”well, why not give up 1 year ,because next year is my personal “本命年”,which could be much more difficult ,so this year is very tough and difficult,,I believe,next year,it‟s gonna be tough ,more difficult, more “听不清“，So I got ready for that, and I need think,need rest,so in order to for any another 3,,4year hard work,because this 3year,it‟s not my job,if something wrong,criticize the president of taobao,CEO of the alibaba and alicloud,it‟s their fault,3 year later ,something wrong,my fault.so I come here and I will spend most of time in United States,and then thingking relaxing.2 days ago,I picked up my golf,just relax ,nothing about ,the things people think about. So we are very luck company,and there is no chance that we survive, I don‟t have any sort of the background ,richfather,strong uncle, and the,I remember 1999,I came to Silicon Valley ,loking for venture capital. I talked to lots of venture capital,and I remember a few days ,I drop by Menlo park,I was rejected by so many venture capital, when talked about alibaba startup,they looked at the stranger,”what” ,”what are you talking about?I went back to china,with nothing,no money, nobody invested me,but I‟m full of confident,I saw America dream.At that time ,1999,I walked on the high “没听清”，every evening full of cars in the park of company,Sunday full of car,people work day and night,This is something ,I believe it‟s gonna happen in china,without getting any venture capital,but I think ,I went back china with America dream and we started the business there,and after 12 years,you know, a lot of things happen,we built up the B2B,nobody believed the B2B will work ,because the B2B at that time with aliba ,I don‟t know still there. “ariba .com”,”broadvision”,”commerce one”this is very famous B2B company. People said :”how can you do B2B in china. Because B2B in USA focus on big company ,they focus on buyer,and we believe that three is no big company in china,and I don‟t see, in the short term, china will have lots of big company,because big company is only SOE,SOE ,they do not the ecommerce, they need govement policy.so we focus on small business,we believe china,the small business ,the private sector are the future.so wefocus on that, and the B2B in usa ,they focus. They want to help the buyer save the cost ,save the time.we believe:”don‟t don‟t teach the SME,don‟t teach the small business how to save the cost.because know much better than you do. You shound help them how to make money.so we focus on helping small business,we focus on helping them make money ,sell things abroad.Very difficult to do business,at that time,but after 12 years,we got more than 58 millions small business around the world using our service.that model is not very successful,compare to “tencent “”baidu”,.we did not make that much money,like online gaming,but we can sleep well in the evening, because the money we made not online gaming, the money we made is helping small business survive, get business opportunity which I fell very proud of that, and today ,as always,I never fell proud of how much money we made,I fell proud of how much impact we can help others,especially small business,before the history of internet,no company can help over 50 millions SME,today we are trying.andf I fell proud of that this is the first company,and people said :”jack,if you make alibaba successful,that means :”you are pulling a million ton sheep on the top of the Himalayas and I said :”yes,we will carry that thing down” and we did. The second company call taobao ,and everybody said :”oh my god ,you are competing with ebay. I said :”why not,”, china need ecommerce site and building up china market take effort ,take time and take great “没听清“really want to build up something, so at that time people said :”there is no chance “ well !, if you never try ,how do you know that there is no chance. So we try . And I said :” if ebay is the sharp in the ocean, we are crocodile in the yangzi river. Never fight in the ocean, let‟s fight in the Yangzi river. it was difficult, it was lots of fun,and we survive . they got 90%market share at that time, today for C2C,we own 90%market share. And luck ,just luck,thre are lots of can be disscuss in the future. Today ,people always write about the successful story about alibaba. And I really don‟t think we are so smart.we made so many mistake.we were so stupid at that time.so I think someday the book I personnally really want to write about is alibaba 1001 mistakes. That‟s the things people should remember ,should learn. If you want to learn “how the other people succeed,it‟svery difficult.thre arelots of luck things at there. But if you want to learn “ how people fail “,you will benefit a lot,and I always like to read those book talking about “how people fail”,because,if you look into it any company theiy fail,the reason why they fail almost the same,and that really matters, so taobao succeed,and then we have the alipay,because everybody said:”china oh ,no credit system, banking is terrible, logistics is terrible. How can you do ecommerce .I never tell, just like today I come here without PPT without my business,I not come here sell you business ,sell my business. Because I don‟t stock to sell to you guys. But I think because china is not good at logistics,not good at credit system,not goog at banking system, that‟s why we need entrepreneurship, that‟s why we go ,we should go, build them up. So I believe ,if there is no, you build it up,later that‟s become the standard of china and I believe china need that.I remember ,6 years ago,I came to the states,I told the USA audience. I believe 5 years later, china will have more internet users than USA. people said “No” , I said :”well ,you have 300 millions population,china 1.3 billions ,right! If you guys have 400 millions internet users,without any people die, keep on having baby ,, it take 50 years , we need 5 years. it‟s just time issue, right !. let‟s wait and see, today we have more users ,today people say :”why your buy capability is low, let‟s see about 5 years later. 5 year later,today,peopleonly spend 200 RMB per month,5 years later,this guy will spend 2000. and we have patients, we are young,you know, my people only 26 average age, they are young. let‟s wait for the future. So ,alipay,was just like very ,at that time people said :”it‟s stupid “没听清“service. John wants to buy things from Stevens, John just not want to “没听清”the money . Stevens don‟t want to send the poducts. So we open account, “没听清“，ifyou happy ,” “没听清“the money ,not happy,return poduct,return money. People said :” how stupid the model is”, well! We don‟t care whether stupid or not stupid. we care whether the customer wanted or not,whether really meet the need of customer,, if it‟s stupid, but after 7years ,we have more than 600 millions users, registered users in china using that. So stupid thing , if you improve it every day,it …s gonna be very smart. And we believe that,and today , it …s good ,and it‟s growing, just like paypal,we are bigger than paypal right now , on transaction volume. And the last , most important is alicloud computing,and not like the other company ,they talk about cloud computing,they want to sell you the,hardware, software. We have nothing to sell you .we just want to compute our own datas. Because the datas we have from the SME,because the datas we have from consumer of taobao，datas from alipay. We believe in the future the world is going to data process in the world. How can we share the datas with others in a great way. Right! That‟s the business about, it‟s not that good yet, but it‟s very profitable,the whole com pany look health,we are very appreciate, we are the company from “没听清“，there is no chances we can win ,now we survive. I think we always ask our own question:” why we are still working so hard. I talked to my colleague one day ,and he said :” I never know that in my life, I can do that much”, second” I never know that the thing I doing that meaningful to the society, third ,I never know that life is that “没听清”hard。
Essential Digital Skills - Level 1 的教学指南说明书
Delivery GuideEssential Digital Skills – Level 1Delivery Guide_____________________________________________________________________________________•Introduction•Make-up of the guide•Scenario•Project Brief•Teaching and Learning activities | Your Tasks•Task 1•Task 2•Task 3•Task 4•Task 5•Standard MatrixIntroduction:The purpose of this guide is to give you an overview of how you could holistically deliver the full range of standards, from the Essential Digital Skills through the delivery of a single project.When delivering any qualification, it is always useful to look at the full range of standards and consider how they are or could be linked together to give your delivery a more realistic and holistic approach.A holistic approach will provide you with a structured plan to teach the students how a range of standards work together, providing them with understanding of how skills and knowledge link together in a real life scenario.This approach to delivery will also help prepare your students for their summative assessment. To support this we have structured this guide in-line with the final assessment; giving your students the opportunity explore ideas and develop an understanding of the content, to practice and refine their skills, and gain an understanding of the depth and breadth that will be required in their final assessment. The project consists of five tasks covering a wide range of the standards. Each task includes several activities that students can carry out individually or in groups. If working within a group, we would advise that students contribute to each of the tasks, in order to gain the experience and skills required for the external assessment. The activities are designed to help teach the skills required within each of the tasks and give the opportunity for students to practice before their final assessment.The intention is that the students will be taught a range of knowledge and skills within each of the units and then carry out a series of tasks, linked to a scenario. Completion of each of the tasks successfully will demonstrate understanding and competency of the identified standards._____________________________________________________________________________________Make-up of the guideThe first section of the guide goes through the scenario and provides details of the company that will form the context of the project.Following this is a pack of teaching and learning activities, structured as 5 tasks, for all the content that needs to be taught, as well as activities to reinforce learning for the scenario.ScenarioYour friend is turning 40 next year and a group of you want to celebrate the special occasion by going on a 2-week holiday. Including yourself and your friend, there are 4 people in total planning to go. You arrange a get together so you can all discuss the exciting holiday and start to make plans._____________________________________________________________________________________ Project BriefYou must all agree on a destination for the holiday and everyone must be happy with the cost of the holiday. The holiday must include a flight and it needs to depart from Newcastle airport. The only available dates that everyone can depart for the holiday is the 1st April._____________________________________________________________________________________ Your TasksTask 1 – Search for 2 possible destinations on the internetTask 2 – Create a spreadsheet to show the costs of the holidayTask 3 – Create a PowerPoint, showing places of interest for the 2 destinationsTask 4 – Identify a suitable method to pay for the holiday onlineTask 5 – Email the group with your findingsTask 1Using the internet, search for possible holiday destinations and choose 2:1.Search the internet using only trustworthy sites2.Identify 2 destinations3.Record your findingse appropriate software to create a table with 5 columns, to include the websitelink, price per person, flight departure time, accommodation type and at least 1other important factor (minimum of 5 columns)Standards Covered:Task 1Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5Criteria 1.2.1 2.1.1. 4.1.1 5.1.11.2.2 2.2.1 4.2.1 5.2.11.3.1 4.2.2 5.4.1 Extension Activities:Compare cost for the same holiday with different holiday providersTask 2It is very important that everyone has a budget for the holiday. You decide to create a spreadsheet to show a full breakdown of the holiday. The spreadsheet also includes a formula to calculate the amount owing for each person.1.Open Excel2.Give the spreadsheet a meaningful title3.Create the following headings for the table:•Name•Flight•Accommodation•Food and Drink•Activities•Total•Deposit•Amount Owed•January•February•Marche a formula to calculate the total of the holiday per persone a formula to calculate the amount each person must pay over 3 months6.Ensure all data is visible in all columns7.Merge and centre the title8.Format all data9.Make 1 other formatting enhancement to the spreadsheet to make it clear andeasy to read10.Save the spreadsheet with a meaningful filenameTask 2Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5Criteria 2.1.12.2.12.3.1Extension activities:•Present information using a suitable chart•Show different ways on how payments can be made e.g. if save £50 per month, £100 per month etc to reduce balance quickerTask 3You are very excited to show the group your chosen holiday destinations and invite them to your house for coffee. You decide to create a PowerPoint to show the group of the destinations and the places you can visit at each destination. You want to show at least 3 places of interest at each destination followed by a short description about each attraction.e suitable software to create a PowerPoint2.Include the following for each destination as a minimum•Map of each country•At least 2 images of the accommodation per country• 3 places to visit at each country• A description of the attractions•Any other important information that you think needs to be included3.Evaluate the PowerPoint and ensure it is fit for purposee at least one animation consistently5.Save the PowerPoint with a meaningful filenameTask 3Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5Criteria 1.2.1 2.1.1 3.1.1 5.1.11.2.2 2.2.1 3.2.1 5.2.11.3.12.3.1Extension Activities:•Insert a graph/table to presentation to show breakdown of costs•Create and present a suggested Itinerary for the holiday•Save presentation as a PDF and email•Share on social media with friendsTask 4The group has asked that you take control of the holiday monthly payments. They have asked for help for how to pay you for the next 3 months. You search the internet for suitable ways to pay and identify the following secure methods:o Bank transfero PayPalo Google Pay1.Search the internet for clear instructionsing appropriate software, create a step by step guide, to show how to set upand use the different options3.Include screen shots in the guide to make it easy to follow4.Include any important information for each methodTask 4Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5Criteria 1.2.1 2.1.1 4.1.1 5.1.11.2.2 2.2.1 4.1.21.5.1 4.2.14.2.2Extension Activities:•Email findings to all going on holiday•Compare other ways of costing and look at the consequences of using other payment methods such as credit cards and loans to pay for the holidayTask 5You have booked the holiday after everyone agreeing on a destination. You set up a group email to communicate with the group to let them know it is booked.1.Email the group, to confirm the date and time of the holiday2.Ask the group to use this group email for all communication3.Attach a copy of the spreadsheet so that everyone knows what is still to be paid.Advise the group that this will be sent out each month for the next 3 months Task 5Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5Criteria 1.2.1 3.1.1 5.1.11.2.2 3.2.1 5.2.11.3.1Extension Activities:•Set up a planner/calendar so that you can update the payments and changes to the holiday cost etc and email with updates monthly, or put together some projections for each month。
B站资源合集：斯坦福公开课及演讲视频
155********138649325 51031422611 173942085 123634356 316792300614 0326299811 316329957 23642962311322929103209531893100109137710521047639510341 05410251 18889861 0829752 08497211 21569443 0829391 51299122 11698861 3378852 1818790 01138780 02098652 0468483 11048482 04183610100813004859620385760 0725750 0495622 0215580 0235450 2965455 0125371 0205220 1445203 0535182 0215180 2485082 025498301449000284140013323131023200417900171350 011440 041300 0151080 0110400010000562003430 04390 02330013200132103290 02280 03240 01190 01180 00140011200020Learning）- 吴恩达（Andrew Ng）要加入吗？<每天十分钟，听力真轻松>30天大幅提高计划看《哈利波特》练听力第1期：百岁老人撸社会主义羊毛，竟拿路灯当打火机燃料<每天10分钟，听力真轻松>Day 25分钟看斯坦福大学心理学课程教材《自控力》自控差的人如何自救斯坦福大学公开课：编程方法学28集全【公开课】经济学 【斯坦福大学】【中英双语字幕 】看《疯狂动物城》练听力：词汇量对听不懂做了多大贡献？<每天10分钟，听力真轻松>Day 4【斯坦福大学】吴恩达机器学习 CS229 Machine Learning by Andrew Ng【搬运】 深度学习TensorFlow 教程(中文全集)最新！苹果公司CEO库克在斯坦福大学2019届毕业典礼的演讲【夹生|完结】Swift 语言 iOS 11 开发 斯坦福（Stanford）CS193p 公开课 Paul Hegarty 主讲史蒂夫·乔布斯 斯坦福大学毕业典礼的演讲(中英双语)斯坦福大学公开课——机器人学弦理论和M理论斯坦福大学公开课：经济学【斯坦福公开课】如何像心理学家一样思考（中英字幕）【英文字幕】2019最新版斯坦福大学 CS224n 深度学习自然语言处理斯坦福大学公开课《经济学》广义相对论-General Theory of Relativity 【公开课】从0到1：树莓派和物联网（2018）【生肉】量子力学（主讲：斯坦福大学教授Leonard Susskind）【演讲】你将为何而奋斗？这个问题将伴随我们终生 | 世界名校毕业演讲精华【机器学习】 斯坦福大学公开课苹果CEO斯坦福演讲：想得到善的名，就要担起恶的责！【中英字幕_全集】斯坦福大学公开课cs229_机器学习_吴恩达【一刻talks】从中国差生到美国学霸，传统教育为何穷途末路？斯坦福大学JAVA教程，编程方法学。
2019 “外研社·国才杯”定题演讲破题 第一讲 课程资料
2019 赛题回顾2019 赛题回顾•This year, 2019, the People’s Republic of China is celebrating her 70th birthday. In 30 years’ time she will be 100 years old, a good time to tell a “big story” about her national rejuvenation.•In 2049, when China has reached her second centenary goal of realizing national rejuvenation, when China has built a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious…•And you, the university students of today, will be part of China’s new story and will have written your own stories.1. 2019赛题关键词2. 关于讲故事3. 2049，遐想与构思4. 其它基础知识1 2019 赛题关键词1.1 关键词1.2 关键词背后的规则1.3 难点1.1 关键词My Big Story in 2049: ________My storyStoryMe •Storyland;stories about the land and her people: their desires and agonies, theiraspirations and struggles, and their dreams and realizations.•1949…•At the end of the 20th century…•我的故事•我的舞台•我是主人公•我的喜怒哀乐、爱恨情仇1.1 关键词Big story •Value, meaning, significance•100 years old, … a good time to tell a “big story” about her national rejuvenation •1949… a “big story”•At the end of the 20th century…•70th birthday•Your own big story1.1 关键词2049•Her second centenary goal of realizing national rejuvenation• A modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced andharmonious…•Around 50100th birthday1.1 关键词My Big Story in 2049 a story about me as part of Chinavalueme Chinain 2049•national rejuvenation •modern socialist country小结：2019赛题关键词1.2 关键词背后的规则请遵守规则，请讲故事•最有趣•最有挑战•最不同1.2 关键词背后的规则故事万变，不离其宗•我是主人公•遐想“2049”•中国缩影1.2 关键词背后的规则题材、体裁已给定•我的2049个人、中国与世界•中国的2049•我是中国的一部分•不同于lecture式演讲，通过故事展现主题1.3 难点讲故事讲2049年的中国讲自己50岁的故事个人的故事是中国故事My Big Story in 2049The StoneChina, A Global View小结：2019赛题难点My Big Story in 2049讲故事的能力想象力、创造力理解力、洞察力视野、远见讲故事讲2049年的中国讲我50岁的故事我的故事是中国故事Say “NO” to big talk or empty words!小结：2019赛题难点My Big Story in 2049故事的呈现写说English1. 2019赛题关键词2. 关于讲故事3. 2049，遐想与构思4. 其它基础知识2 关于讲故事2.1 故事的基本要素2.2 讲故事中的常见问题2.3 故事如何出新？2.4 “Big stories”实例2.1 故事的基本要素What makes a story?Setting: time, place, environment Characters : personalitiesPlot:conflict, climax, resolution Theme: moral; central idea; lesson “I”2.1 故事的基本要素Narrative(Storytelling)•Ups and downs; climax •Memorable characters •Always a moral behind•S how, don’t tell Creative writing•Impressive delivery Say “NO” to big talk or empty words Symbolism 以小见大Suspense Tension2.2 讲故事中的常见问题2.2 讲故事中的常见问题1. There is no story, or the story is not complete.•Conflict (Problem)•Climax & Ending•Resolution2.2 讲故事中的常见问题2. There is no climax.•Face-to-face• A turning point•Tension2.2 讲故事中的常见问题3. There is no focused theme.•Meaning•Wisdom or lesson2.2 讲故事中的常见问题4. The same story is repeated.•Unique to you•How you are different•Different perspectives anddifferent shades小结：讲故事中的常见问题1. There is no story, or the story is not complete.2. There is no climax.3. There is no focused theme.4. The same story is repeated.2.3 故事如何出新？Jerome Bruner(1915-2016) The Conditions of Creativity“An act that produces effective surprise is thehallmark of the creative enterprise .”creative act as effective surprise2.3 故事如何出新？CreativityImagination Freshness 内容与形式Insight2.3 故事如何出新？•恍然大悟的合情合理•误为陌路的血亲兄弟•借助艺术的触类旁通What is effective surprise?Creativity Imagination2.3 故事如何出新？(By Sydney Pink)the fusion of inspiration and technique “All of the forms of effective surprise grow out of a combinatorial activity —a placing of things in new perspectives.”2.3 故事如何出新？1. Detachment and commitment表面冰冷，内心狂热2. Passion and decorum激情不逾礼仪3. Freedom to be dominated by the object始于我心，随波逐流2.3 故事如何出新？4. Deferral and immediacy5. The internal drama6. The dilemma of abilities 欲言又止，欲扬先抑塑造心中的理想，丰满、鲜活创造力无关天资2.4 “Big stories”实例•个人的故事，时代的产物•自己的故事，时代的镜子•“我”是社会的一员2.4 “Big stories”实例Maxim Gorky (1868-1936)My ChildhoodIn the WorldMy Universities Two forces are successfully influencing the education of a cultivated man: art and science. Both are united in the book.2.4 “Big stories”实例Man’s dearest possession is life. It is given to him but once, and he must live it so as to feel no torturing regrets for wasted years, never know theburning shame of a mean and petty past; so live that, dying, he might say: all my life, all my strength were given to the finest cause…Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904-1936)How the Steel Was Tempered2.4 “Big stories”实例Long Walk to FreedomThe curious beauty of African music is that ituplifts even as it tells a sad tale. You may bepoor, you may have only a ramshackle house,you may have lost your job, but that song givesyou hope… [African music] can ignite thepolitical resolve of those who might otherwisebe indifferent to politics.Nelson Mandela(1918-2013)2.4 “Big stories”实例J. K. Rowling (1965-)2008 Harvard commencement speech A story aboutfailure and imagination2.4 “Big stories”实例Steve Jobs (1955-2011)Stanford commencement speech “Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish”A story of connecting dots2.4 “Big stories”实例He Jiang (1988-), a 2016 Harvard PhD graduatein biochemistry and commencement speaker.“随着中国一步步实现现代化，传统的乡居生活正在逐渐消失，都市人对乡村有着好奇感，疏离感，同时又有一份不可磨灭的乡愁。
最新马云在斯坦福大学演讲中英文对照
以下为马云在斯坦福大学演讲全文：马云：大家好.我今天感到非常荣幸能来到这里和大家见面。
大约几个月前，斯坦福邀请我来演讲。
我没有意料到。
很多人说因为所有关于雅虎,阿里巴巴，和许多其他的新闻,这个时间点来这里演讲是非常的敏感。
但是既然我做了一个承诺，我还是来了。
今天如果你有任何问题要问我,我都会一一回答。
The following is the Ma at Stanford University speech:Ma : Hello everyone 。
Today I feel very honored to be here to meet you 。
About a few months ago ，Stanford invited me to lecture . I did not expect . Many people say that because of all about Yahoo ，Alibaba，and many other news，this time to speak here is very sensitive . But since I made a promise that I came。
Today, if you have any questions to ask me, I will be to answer every qestions。
今天是我来美国的第15天，而且我打算在这里待上一年。
这个计划没有人知道。
甚至我的公司也不知道。
大家问我为什么要来这里.要打算作收购雅虎的准备吗？不，大家都太敏感了.我来这里是因为我累了.过去16年来太累了。
我在1994年开创我的事业，发现了互联网，并为之疯狂,然后放弃了我的教师工作。
那时候我觉得自己就像是蒙了眼睛骑在盲虎背上似的,一路摔摔打打，但依然奋斗着、生存着。
在政府机关工作了16个月之后,1999年建立了阿里巴巴.I came to the United States today is the first 15 days ，and I intend to stay here for a year . No one knows this plan 。
凸函数1
Figure 1: Examples of a convex set (a) and a nons
• All of Rn . It should be fairly obvious that given any x, y ∈ Rn , θx + (1 − θ)y ∈ Rn . • The non-negative orthant, Rn + . The non-negative orthant consists of all vectors in n R whose elements are all non-negative: Rn + = {x : xi ≥ 0 ∀i = 1, . . . , n}. To show that this is a convex set, simply note that given any x, y ∈ Rn + and 0 ≤ θ ≤ 1, (θx + (1 − θ)y )i = θxi + (1 − θ)yi ≥ 0 ∀i. • Norm balls. Let · be some norm on Rn (e.g., the Euclidean norm, x 2 = n n 2 i=1 xi ). Then the set {x : x ≤ 1} is a convex set. To see this, suppose x, y ∈ R , with x ≤ 1, y ≤ 1, and 0 ≤ θ ≤ 1. Then θx + (1 − θ)y ≤ θx + (1 − θ)y = θ x + (1 − θ) y ≤ 1 where we used the triangle inequality and the positive homogeneity of norms. • Affine subspaces and polyhedra. Given a matrix A ∈ Rm×n and a vector b ∈ Rm , an affine subspace is the set {x ∈ Rn : Ax = b} (note that this could possibly be empty if b is not in the range of A). Similarly, a polyhedron is the (again, possibly empty) set {x ∈ Rn : Ax b}, where ‘ ’ here denotes componentwise inequality (i.e., all the entries of Ax are less than or equal to their corresponding element in b).1 To prove this, first consider x, y ∈ Rn such that Ax = Ay = b. Then for 0 ≤ θ ≤ 1, A(θx + (1 − θ)y ) = θAx + (1 − θ)Ay = θb + (1 − θ)b = b. Similarly, for x, y ∈ Rn that satisfy Ax ≤ b and Ay ≤ b and 0 ≤ θ ≤ 1, A(θx + (1 − θ)y ) = θAx + (1 − θ)Ay ≤ θb + (1 − θ)b = b.
ACM 1-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx. Dreaming of Adaptive Interface Agents
Copyright is held by the author/owner(s). CHI 2007, April 28 – May 3, 2007, San Jose, USA ACM 1-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Abstract This interactive project uses the metaphor of human sleep and dreaming to present a novel paradigm that helps address problems in adaptive user interface design. Two significant problems in adaptive interfaces are: interfaces that adapt when a user does not want them to do so, and interfaces where it is hard to understand how it changed during the process of adaptation. In the project described here, the system only adapts when the user allows it to go to sleep long enough to have a dream. In addition, the dream itself is a visualization of the transformation of the interface, so that a person may see what changes have occurred. This project presents an interim stage of this system, in which an autonomous agent collects knowledge about its environment, falls asleep, has dreams, and reconfigures its internal representation of the world while it dreams. People may alter the agent’s environment, may prevent it from sleeping by making noise into a microphone, and may observe the dream process that ensues when it is allowed to fall asleep. By drawing on the universal human experience of sleep and dreaming, this project seeks to make adaptive interfaces more effective and comprehensible.
lecture
Lecture 1: Colonial AmericaI. Historical Background:The earliest settlers included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards, Italians, and Portuguese.The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1617.The war for Independence(1776-1783)The colonies, most of which in old English tradition, made the original United StatesII. American Puritanism:1. Origin of "Puritanism":The term "Puritan" first began as a taunt or insult applied by traditional Anglicans to those who criticized or wished to "purify" the Church of England. Although the word is often applied loosely, "Puritan" refers to two distinct groups: "separating" Puritans, such as the Plymouth colonists, who believed that the Church of England was corrupt and that true Christians must separate themselves from it; and non-separating Puritans, such as the colonists who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony, who believed in reform but not separation. Most Massachusetts colonists were nonseparating Puritans who wished to reform the established church, largely Congregationalists who believed in forming churches through voluntary compacts. The idea of compacts or covenants was central to the Puritans' conception of social, political, and religious organizations. (from /faculty/campbell/enl310/purdef.htm）2. A definition of American PuritanismPuritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans.The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church, who came into existence in the reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King James !. The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them Puritans. They came to America out of various reasons, but it should be remembered that they were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles.As the word itself hints, Puritans wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices. They felt that the Church of England was too close to the Church of Rome in the doctrine form of worship, and organization of authority.The American Puritans, like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to complete …purity‟.They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. But in the grim struggle for survival that followed immediately after their arrival in America, they became more and more practical, as indeed they had to be. Puritans‟ lives were extremely disciplined and hard. They dro ve out of their settlements all those opinions that seemed dangerous to them, and history has criticized their actions. Yet in the persecution of what they considered error, the Puritans were no worse than many other movements in history. As a culture heritage,Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind. American Puritanism also had an enduring influence on American literature. It had become, to some extent, somuch a state of mind, so much a part of the national cultural atmosphere, rather than a set of tenets.3. 21st Century PuritanismA "21st Century Puritanism", then, is the always-reforming spirit of 17th-century Puritanism applied to the challenges of the 21st century church. In place of an Arminian "free-will" gospel that exalts human worth and ability, the 21st Century Puritan calls us back to the Biblical gospel that exalts the power and sovereignty of Almighty God. In place of the "seeker-sensitive", man-pleasing paradigm for worship, the 21st Century Puritan points us back to the Biblical, God-ordained pattern of worship revealed in Scripture—emphasizing a Godward focus—preaching His glories, rejoicing in His mercy to hell-deserving sinners, falling at His feet in humble supplication, singing from joyful, forgiven, God-saturated hearts psalms and hymns that exalt His majesty and honor.(for further information, please go to /puritan)III. Puritan PoetsAnne Bradstreet (the ninth muse):"CONTEMPLATIONS" comprises thirty-three stanzas rhyming ababccc, in which six iambic pentameter lines culminate with an alexandrine. Adopting the models of Fletcher and Quarles (Stanford 101), Bradstreet, with her three "c" rhymes and closing alexandrine, modifies the nine-line stanza of The Faerie Queene; this formal kinship with Spenser is compounded by the pace of her narrative. The work was probably completed in the 1660s.First appearing in the posthumous Several Poems, "Contemplations" belongs to a later group of writings, often domestic in their subject matter, in which Bradstreet's personal voice achieves its graceful maturity.(For further information, please go to: /~mseifert/bradstreet.html)2. Edward Taylor: "Huswifery" (Chang, p19)IV. Representatives of Dawning NationalismPhilip Freneau: "The Wild Honey Suckle" (Chang, p23),"The Indian Burying Ground" Benjamin FranklinLecture 2-4: American RomanticismI. Historical Background:American pioneers had pushed the frontier line of settlement beyond the Mississippi to the west, which has risen as a sectional power to challenge the political dominance of the East and the South.Before 1860, the United States had begun to change into an industrial and urban society. Literary characteristics: Romanticism, TranscendentalismThe rise of NationalismII. American RomanticismThe Romantic Period in the history of American literature stretches from the end of the 18thcentury to the outbreak of the Civil War, which started with the publication of Washington Irving's The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman's Leaves of Grass.In this period, a new emphasis was placed upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature, a liking for the picturesque, the exotic, the sensuous, the sensational, the supernatural and remote past was fostered, and an increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters was paid, and above all, the individual and the common man was exalted. Dr. F. H. Hedge, an American transcendentalist, thought the essence of romanticism was aspiration, having its origin in wonder and mystery.Among the aspects of the "romantic" movement in England may be listed as a) sensibility; b) primitivism; c) love of nature; d) sympathetic interest in the past, especially the medieval; e) mysticism; and f) individualism.III. Two Earlier WritersWashington IrvingJames Fenimore CooperIV. American TranscendentalismThe most clearly defined literary thought in this period is New England Transcendentalism. 1. The definition of TranscendentalismTranscendentalism has been defined philosophically as "the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively, or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the senses."Principal ideas of Transcendentalism are based on doctrines of ancient and modern European philosophers, particularly Kant. It was started by a group of members of the Transcendental Club in New England in the 1830s, whose leaders were Emerson, who was greatly influenced by Carlyle, Coleridge and others, and his young friend Thoreau.The major concepts include:it stresses the power of intuition.2. it places spirit first and matter second.3. it takes nature as symbolic of spirit or God.(认为自然是上帝之灵的显现，说自然就是披着睡衣的：超灵（over-soul),对人的心灵有更新和康健卫生作用。
Interview-1
一、6 台设备组网给你 6 台路由器，核心 2 个，汇聚 2 个，接入 2 个，构思两种拓扑，你怎么规划？有什么区别？给你 6 台路由器， 2 台高性能， 2 台中等性能， 2 台低性能，构思两种拓扑，你怎么规划？有什么区别？<1>第一种拓扑：日字形拓扑上面两台作为互联网汇聚使用，分别向下面注入缺省路由，缺省路由的度量值可以不同，以供内部网络选择合适的出口。
中间两台作为核心使用，上面连接园区网汇聚路由器，下面连接园区网汇聚路由器。
在核心路由器上还可以连接其他地域的专线汇聚路由器。
下面两台作为网络网汇聚路由器，为区域网不同网络作为网关使用。
这种网络拓扑设计结构简单，端口密度要求低，容易管理，具有网络冗余。
<2>第二种拓扑：在日字形拓扑的基础上交叉互联。
六台路由器的功能和日字形拓扑相似。
这种网络拓扑设计结构复杂，端口密度要求高，不容易管理，成本略高，冗余性更好。
1. 这种拓扑（交叉型），接入部分采用双上联，核心和汇聚设备之间全互联。
这种方式接入部分双上联保证冗余，进一步保证核心和汇聚之间全互联保证拓扑冗余性，和数据逻辑走向的灵活性。
2. 第 2 种拓扑（日字型），主要采用环形，核心部分如果设备有多台，可以采用环形或者使用全互联, 这种设计在保证冗余的前提下，可以减少线路和接口成本。
可以从如下几个方面考虑A、冗余性物理层面分为设备冗余和链路冗余，日字型和交叉型都满足设备和链路冗余；交叉型较日字型冗余性更高。
两种拓扑都有冗余能力，都不存在单点故障。
B、成本开销从设备角度考虑：使用交叉型连接，会需要更多的端口、板卡，插槽，光模块，需要增加采购成本。
从线路角度考虑：若节点和节点之间距离较远，在不同的城市中，租用运营商长途专线互联，口字型一般情况下，可以满足互联互通的需求，也提供基本的冗余能力，但要追求更高的冗余性则可以使用交叉型。
租用运营商的单条线路都是按月收取费用，一般价格比较昂贵，带宽越大费用越高，所以租用成本有可能高于设备采购成本。
lecture1_introduction
• Saving for retirement • Finding a key in Montezuma’s revenge
• Introduces two challenges
1) When planning: decisions involve reasoning about not just immediate benefit of a decision but how its longer term ramifications 2) When learning: temporal credit assignment is hard (what caused later high or low rewards?)
Learn to make good sequences of decisions
Don’t Know in Advance How World Works
Learn to make good sequences of decisions
Reinforcement Learning
Policy: mapping from history of past actions, states, rewards to next action
Unsupervised Machine Learning (vs RL)
• • • • Optimization Generalization Exploration Delayed consequences
• Learns from experience • But no labels from world
Imitation Learning
哈佛大学 vs 斯坦福大学
哈佛大学vs 斯坦福大学哈佛大学和斯坦福大学的商学院是全世界最好的两个商学院，这绝非夸张，收到哈佛或者斯坦福MBA的录取信，更是一个人被视为最高的荣誉。
也正因此，大多申请者在申请哈佛大学时，必然不会落下斯坦福大学。
而对于两个学校来说，拒绝了橄榄枝的申请者们也大都是因为选择了彼此对方。
然而即便如此，在两个学校的商学院，尤其是MBA教育之间，仍然存在着一些差别，值得申请者们在选择前进行分析。
【地理位置】地理位置是两个学校间最明显，也很重要的一点区别。
斯坦福坐落于硅谷中心，整个校园里是到处可见的棕榈树。
在冬季，当哈佛的学生们裹得严严实实在冰雪中穿梭时，斯坦福的学生们则可能仍然穿着短衣短裤。
斯坦福位于San Jones和San Francisco之间，二者大约有45分钟的车程。
而哈佛，众所周知位于波士顿，学校距离波士顿棒球红袜队的“老家”芬威球场也只有数分钟的路程而已。
但哈佛的冬天对于任何人来讲都是难熬的——这是哈佛和斯坦福间不能忽视的重大差别。
【MBA规模】斯坦福的MBA较小，不到哈佛的一半——哈佛是世界MBA人数最多的大学。
每一届390人，能够保证学生间彼此的相互认识。
斯坦福full-time MBA的总数是765，哈佛的则有1837，由此两个学校规模上的差别可见一斑。
【设备设施】斯坦福商学院的规模是小而紧凑的，只有4座楼（还包括了住宿楼），MBA们要在一座1966年建造的教学楼中上课。
相反，哈佛商学院则拥有属于自己的33座独立建筑，其中有独立的健身中心和壮观辉煌的图书馆，甚至还有一个小教堂。
世界上没有任何一所商学院能和哈佛商学院在教室数量和建筑规模上相媲美。
斯坦福商学院的校园现状也将有所改善，他们将在2011年搬入新的校园——由斯坦福校友Nike创始人Phil Knight部分捐赠建成，新的校园将拥有9个世界一流的建筑设施。
【校园文化】当哈佛将其essay的题目公开——要求写出“your three most substantial accomplishments”时，我们就没有理由不去相信“成就”二字之于哈佛的重要性。
【1】Stochastic Processes-Lecture-One
We define as follows : A sequence of events {En , n ≥ 1} is said to be an increasing sequence if En ⊂ En +1 , n ≥ 1 and is said to be decreasing if En ⊃ En +1 , n ≥ 1 .
If {En , n ≥ 1} is an increasing sequence of events , then we define a new event , denoted by lim En by
n →∞
lim En = ∪ Ei , when En ⊂ En +1 , n ≥ 1 .
n →∞ i =1
backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符，有时表 示转义符或续行符 tilde 波浪符
~
'
apostrophe hyphen
撇号
-...
‘’
连字号
dash 破折号 dots/ ellipsis 省略号
single quotation marks 单引号 double quotation marks 双引号 parallel 双线号 arrow 箭号；参见号
PROPOSITION 1.1.1
If {En , n ≥ 1} is either an increasing or decreasing sequence of events , then lim P ( En ) = P(lim En ).
n →∞ n →∞
proof Suppose , first , that {En , n ≥ 1} is an increasing sequence , and define events Fn , n ≥ 1 by F1 = E1 ,
3GPP 5G基站(BS)R16版本一致性测试英文原版(3GPP TS 38.141-1)
4.2.2
BS type 1-H.................................................................................................................................................. 26
4.3
Base station classes............................................................................................................................................27
1 Scope.......................................................................................................................................................13
All rights reserved. UMTS™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its members 3GPP™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners GSM® and the GSM logo are registered and owned by the GSM Association
[4] H. B. Bakoglu, Circuits, Interconnections and Packaging for VLSI, Addison-Wesley, 1990,
![[4] H. B. Bakoglu, Circuits, Interconnections and Packaging for VLSI, Addison-Wesley, 1990,](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d2ff5605e87101f69e3195b8.png)
lecture_1
Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance first detected in 1945 at Stanford (Felix Bloch) and Harvard (Edward Purcell); both awarded Nobel prize in physics in 1952 Commercial NMR instruments available in 1953 (Varian)
What other parameters can you measure with NMR?
III. Relaxation Parameters
Relaxation parameters (T1, T2, T1rho, NOE) give information about nuclei in chemical exchange, conformational exchange, rotational exchange, ligand association/dissociation.
What parameters can you measure with NMR?
I. Chemical Shift
1) Proton Chemical Shift-Local Environment of Protons (Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic ...) Local Proton environment is one variable that ian A60 Varian A-60
Fourier Transform NMR invented in 1966 (Richard Ernst); awarded Nobel prize in 1991 FT-NMR instruments available in 1970
斯坦福大学sql教程(英文版)
14
Result of Query
bar Joe’s Sue’s
…
beer Bud Miller
…
priceInYen 285 342
…
15
Example: Constants as Expressions
Using Likes(drinker, beer):
Example: TRUE AND (FALSE OR NOT(UNKNOWN))
= MIN(1, MAX(0, (1 - ½ ))) = MIN(1, MAX(0, ½ )) = MIN(1, ½ ) = ½.
26
Surprising Example
From the following Sells relation:
24
Comparing NULL’s to Values
The logic of conditions in SQL is really 3valued logic: TRUE, FALSE, UNKNOWN. Comparing any value (including NULL itself) with NULL yields UNKNOWN. A tuple is in a query answer iff the WHERE clause is TRUE (not FALSE or UNKNOWN).
SELECT * FROM Beers WHERE manf = ’Anheuser-Busch’;
10
Result of Query:
name Bud Bud Lite Michelob
...
manf Anheuser-Busch Anheuser-Busch Anheuser-Busch
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x
R3
h3(t)
x
h22(t)
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h1(t)
h21(t) R2
R1
Uplink and Downlink typically duplexed in time or frequency
Bandwidth Sharing
Code Space
Frequency Division
Time
Time Division
Future Wireless Networks
Ubiquitous Communication Among People and Devices
Next-generation Cellular Wireless Internet Access Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks Smart Homes/Spaces Automated Highways In-Body Networks All this and more …
2-3 page report with introduction of problem being investigated, system description, progress to date, statement of remaining work
Progress report: due Feb. 27 at midnight
Ideal Multiuser Detection
Signal 1
A/D A/D A/D A/D
Signal 1 Demod
=
Iterative Multiuser Detection Signal 2 Signal 2 Demod
-
=
Why Not Ubiquitous Today? Power and A/D Precision
Cross-Layer Design
Meeting Application Requirements
Multiuser Channels: Uplink and Downlink
Uplink (Multiple Access Channel or MAC): Many Transmitters to One Receiver. Downlink (Broadcast Channel or BC): One Transmitter to Many Receivers.
Class Administrator: Pat Oshiro, poshiro@stanford, Packard 365, 3-2681.
*See web or handout for more details
Course Information Nuts and Bolts
Prerequisites: EE359 Course Time and Location: MW 9:30-10:45. Hewlett 102. Class Homepage: /class/ee360
If decodable (MUD): Neither friend nor foe
If exploited via cooperation and cognition: Friend (especially in a network setting)
Present a paper related to one of the course topics HW 0: Choose 3 possible high-impact papers, each on a different syllabus topic, by Jan. 18. Include a paragraph for each describing main idea(s), why interesting/high impact Presentations begin Jan. 25.
Code Division
Frequency
Code Space Time
Frequency
Code Space Time
Multiuser Detection
Frequency
7C29822.033-Cimini-9/97
Space (MIMO Systems) Hybrid Schemes
Course Information* People
Instructor: Andrea Goldsmith, andrea@ee, Packard 371, 5-6932, OHs: MW after class and by appt.
TA: Nima Soltani, Email: nsoltani@, OHs: around HWs.
Wireless Network Design Issues
Multiuser Communications Multiple and Ranm Design
Ad-Hoc Network Design
Network Layer Issues
Guest list: send TA email to sign up 10% Class participation 10% Class presentation 15% Homeworks 15% Paper summaries 50% Project (10% prop, 15% progress report, 25% final report+poster)
BS
Cellular, Wimax
Wifi, BT, UWB,…
Reuse introduces interference
Interference: Friend or Foe?
If treated as noise: Foe
P SNR NI
Increases BER Reduces capacity
EE360: Multiuser Wireless Systems and Networks
Lecture 1 Outline
Course Details Course Syllabus Course Overview
Future Wireless Networks Multiuser Channels (Broadcast/MAC Channels) Spectral Reuse and Interference Cellular Systems Ad-Hoc Networks Cognitive Radio Paradigms Sensor Networks and Green Networks Key Applications
Weeks 1-2: Multiuser systems (Chapters 13.4 and 14, additional papers) Weeks 3-4: Cellular systems (Chapter 15, additional papers) Weeks 5-6: Ad hoc wireless networks (Chapter 16, additional papers) Week 7: Cognitive radio networks (papers) Week 8: Sensor networks (papers) Week 9: Applications & cross-layer design (papers) Weeks 10: Additional Topics. Course Summary
Collision detection or avoidance
Retransmissions used for corrupted data Poor throughput and delay characteristics under heavy loading
Hybrid methods
Applications are heterogeneous with hard constraints that must be met by the network Energy and delay constraints change design principles across all layers of the protocol stack
Paper summaries
Project
Term project on anything related to wireless Analysis, simulation and/or experiment
Must contain some original research 2 can collaborate if project merits collaboration (scope, synergy) Will post proposal, progress report, and final report to website
Must set up website for project
Project proposal due Feb 1 at midnight
1-2 page proposal with detailed description of project plan Revised project proposal due Feb 13.
Poster presentations last week of classes (Thurs March 15?) Final report due March 19 at midnight See website for details