2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三零
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一二
How to reveal a country’s sense,over the years,of its own well-being 如何揭开一个国家多年来的主观幸福感Read its books.By computer利用计算机扫描其书刊Do a country’s inhabitants get happier as it gets richer?Most governments seem to believe so,given their relentless focus on increasing GDP year by year.Reliable,long-term evidence linking wealth and happiness is,however,lacking.And measuring well-being is itself fraught with problems,since it often relies on surveys that ask participants to assess their own levels of happiness subjectively.一个国家越富有，其人民就越幸福吗？鉴于大多数政府都坚持不懈地致力于逐年提高GDP，它们似乎是认同这一点的。
然而，我们尚缺乏能够证明财富与幸福相关联的可靠而长期的证据。
衡量幸福感本身就存在很多问题，因为它往往依赖于要求参与者主观评估自己幸福水平的调查。
Daniel Sgroi of the University of Warwick and Eugenio Proto of the University of Glasgow,both in Britain,think,nevertheless,that they have an answer.尽管如此，英国华威大学的丹尼尔·斯格里和格拉斯哥大学的尤金尼奥·普罗托认为他们找到了答案。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三四
The first face-off人脸识别第一案A lawsuit against face-scans in China could have big consequences在中国，一场有关人脸识别的诉讼或将带来巨大的影响Guo Bing,a legal academic in the eastern city of Hangzhou,likes to spend his leisure time at a local safari park.But when the park informed season-pass holders like him that admission would require a face-scan,Mr Guo objected.郭兵是中国东部城市杭州市的一名法律学者，他平日里喜欢在当地的野生动物园度过闲暇时光。
但当动物园告知像他这样的年卡用户需要扫脸入园时，郭先生无法接受。
Late last month he filed a lawsuit,claiming the new rules violated his privacy.Facial-recognition technology is widely used in izens have been hailing Mr Guo as a champion of consumer rights.A thread about his suit has garnered100m views on Weibo,a social-media platform.上月底，他以新规定侵犯其隐私为由向法院提起了诉讼。
人脸识别技术在中国已经得到了广泛的应用。
网友们纷纷称赞郭兵是消费者权益的捍卫者。
在社交媒体平台新浪微博上，一条关于他诉讼的微博获得了1亿次的点击量。
It is surprising that it has taken so long for the judiciary to get involved. Some300tourist sites in China use facial recognition to admit visitors.The safari park says doing so can shorten queues.令人惊讶的是，司法部门过了这么久才介入其中。
2019考研英语一阅读Text3原文及答案（英语学习）.doc
2019考研英语一阅读Text3原文及答案（英语学习）.doc2019考研英语一阅读Text3原文及答案（英语学习）2019考研英语一阅读T ext3原文及答案Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile." With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospectsA recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been。
2019年考研英语一第三篇阅读解析
2019年考研英语一第三篇阅读解析英语一考研阅读理解是考生们需要重点关注的一部分，其中第三篇阅读材料通常是文章较长，内容较为复杂的部分。
下面将对2019年考研英语一第三篇阅读解析进行详细介绍。
本篇阅读材料的题目可能为： "Technologies for sustainable farming"。
文章主要探讨了农业可持续发展中的技术应用。
以下是本文的详细解析。
首先，文章介绍了传统农业方法面临的挑战，如农药和化肥的过度使用带来的环境问题，以及农作物疾病的流行等。
传统农业方法对土壤和环境的影响逐渐浮出水面，这引发了人们对农业可持续性的担忧。
接下来，文章讨论了一些新技术在农业领域的应用。
首先介绍了精确农业，即通过使用GPS和传感器等技术来优化农作物种植和管理。
这种技术能够提供更精确的施肥和灌溉方案，减少化肥和水资源的浪费。
此外，文章还提到了纳米技术在农业中的应用，例如纳米肥料、纳米农药等。
纳米技术可以更好地控制施肥和农药的释放速度，从而提高施肥和农药的利用效率，减少对环境的负面影响。
在本文的后半部分，作者还介绍了一种新兴的农业技术——垂直农场。
垂直农场利用室内垂直空间进行农作物种植，可以在有限的土地面积上种植更多的农作物。
这种技术不仅可以最大程度地利用土地资源，还能够实现农作物生长环境的精确控制，提高农作物的产量和质量。
最后，文章指出了农业可持续技术面临的一些挑战，如高昂的成本、技术应用的推广和农民对新技术的接受度等。
然而，作者强调农业可持续技术的重要性，并呼吁各界共同努力，推广和应用这些技术，以实现农业的可持续发展。
总结起来，2019年考研英语一第三篇阅读解析介绍了农业可持续发展中的一些新技术应用，包括精确农业、纳米技术和垂直农场。
文章通过阐述新技术的应用和优势，强调了农业可持续发展的重要性。
同时，文章也指出了这些新技术面临的挑战和困难。
最后，作者呼吁各界共同努力推广和应用这些技术，以实现农业的可持续发展。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二三
Why an“Uber for tailors”is gaining ground in Lagos“裁缝优步”为何能在拉各斯发展起来？“Rich and poor,everyone has a tailor here,”says Olajire Omikunle,a couturier for Nigeria’s powerful.So great is the appeal of a well-cut outfit in Lagos,Nigeria’s commercial centre,that roadside stitchers rove the streets armed with their sewing machines and clicking their large scissors to drum up customers.尼日利亚颇具影响力的服装设计师奥拉吉尔·奥米昆勒说：“无论贫富，这里的每个人都有自己的裁缝。
”在尼日利亚的商业中心拉各斯，一套剪裁考究的服装如此具有吸引力，以至于街头裁缝们会带着他们的缝纫机在街道上来回穿梭，并拿着大剪刀咔嚓咔嚓地招揽着顾客。
David Peterside,a local entrepreneur,hopes to capitalise on this sartorial obsession with a new app that is being dubbed an“Uber for tailors”.Fashion Map allows natty Nigerians to find a suitmaker at the press of a button.当地企业家戴维·彼得赛德希望借着人们对服装的痴迷，开发一款名为“裁缝优步”的新应用。
整洁时髦尼日利亚人只需按下一个按钮，便能在时尚地图上找到一位裁缝。
It may be a perfect fit for Africa’s most populous country.Nigeria has a fast-growing base of smartphone users and“over100,000registered tailors”,says Otunba Wasiu Taiwo of the Nigeria Union of Tailors.“We are still counting.”该应用或许非常适合这个非洲人口最多的国家。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读十三
Sun,sea and a diplomatic point阳光、大海和外交China’s high-spending tourists bring political clout中国的高消费游客带来了政治影响力Countries at odds with China find holidaymakers from there stop coming 与中国不和的国家发现，中国游客不再来了Earlier this month the great pyramids of Giza and the nearby Sphinx were lit up in“Chinese red”.Spectators,many of them from China,were then given another unprecedented treat.The sound-and-light show,a staple of pyramid entertainment since1961,was narrated in Chinese.本月初，“中国红”点亮了吉萨的大金字塔和附近的狮身人面像。
随后，参观者（特别是来自中国的游客）感受了另一种前所未有的体验。
自1961年以来作为金字塔主打娱乐节目的声光表演是用中文来讲解的。
The event was sponsored by the Chinese government,which takes pride in its travellers’growing influence.Since2012China has been the world’s biggest source of tourists.Chinese travellers racked up nearly150m trips abroad last year.活动是由中国政府赞助的，中国政府以中国游客日益增长的影响力为荣。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二六
Defending Switzerland’s coffee stockpile捍卫瑞士的咖啡储备If disaster strikes,the Swiss want to be caffeinated当灾难来袭时，瑞士人需要咖啡因To defend their independence the Swiss have mountains,conscription and a fierce sense of self-reliance.They also have a vast stockpile of food, medicine,animal feed and cooking oil,which they have maintained since the1920s.This makes sieges easier to withstand,but costs a fortune.瑞士人靠着山脉、兵役制度和强烈的自力更生精神捍卫着国家的主权独立。
自上世纪20年代以来，瑞士一直保持着大量的食品、药品、动物饲料和食用油储备。
这使得瑞士更容易抵御敌人的围攻，但这同时代价不菲。
So in April the Federal Office for National Economic Supply announced a plan to trim it a little.In future,it suggested,it would no longer pay for a huge emergency supply of coffee.This wonderful drink,it claimed,is not “vital for life”.因此，今年4月，瑞士联邦国家经济供应办公室宣布了一项略微削减开支的计划。
它表示，今后将废除紧急物资储备中的咖啡储备。
理由则是，这种美味的饮品并不是“攸关生死的”。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二四
Neanderthals had a propensity for earache,nudging them to their doom易患耳疾将尼安德特人推向了灭亡A new analysis of their skulls points to an anatomical problem一项对头颅的新研究指出了一个生理构造缺陷The last neanderthals vanished from Earth about40,000years ago.Exactly what drove them to extinction,however,remains a mystery,with their disappearance variously attributed to anything from climate change to inferior cognitive abilities or even cannibalism.在大约4万年前，最后一批尼安德特人消失在地球上。
但究竟是什么导致了他们的灭亡，至今仍是一个谜，关于他们灭亡原因有着各种各样的猜想，从气候变化到认知能力低下，再到同类相食。
Anthony Pagano,a medical researcher at Seton Hall University in New Jersey,has a new explanation.He thinks Neanderthals might have been unusually prone to severe ear infections,which left them struggling to compete against their Homo sapiens cousins.新泽西州西顿霍尔大学的医学研究员安东尼·帕加诺给出了一个新的解释。
他认为尼安德特人或许非常容易患上严重的耳部感染，这使得他们很难与智人相互竞争。
一九年考研英语作文范文
一九年考研英语作文范文In 2019, the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination, also known as the "Gaokao", was held across China. This annual event is a crucial moment for millions of Chinese students who are striving to pursue higher education. The exam covers a wide range of subjects, including English, which is a required section for most majors.For many students, the English section of the exam is particularly challenging. It tests not only their language proficiency but also their ability to think critically and express themselves clearly. To succeed in this section, students must be well-prepared and have a goodunderstanding of the language.In the reading comprehension part of the English exam, students are required to read a passage and answer a series of questions based on the text. This tests their ability to comprehend and analyze written information, as well astheir vocabulary and grammar skills. To do well in thissection, students need to practice reading and understanding a variety of texts, from academic articles to news reports.The writing section of the exam is another important part of the English test. In this section, students are asked to write an essay on a given topic. This tests their ability to organize their thoughts, develop a coherent argument, and use correct grammar and vocabulary. To excel in this section, students need to practice writing essays on different topics and receive feedback on their writing from teachers or peers.Overall, the English section of the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination is a challenging but essential part of the exam. It not only tests students' language skills but also their critical thinking and communication abilities. By preparing diligently and practicing regularly, students can improve their English proficiency and increase their chances of success in the exam.In conclusion, the English section of the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination is a crucial part of the exam that requires students to demonstrate their language proficiency and critical thinking skills. By preparing thoroughly and practicing diligently, students can improve their chances of success in this challenging section of the exam.。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三一
Alibaba sold$38.4bn of merchandise this Singles’Day这个双十一，阿里巴巴创造了384亿美元的销售额The world’s biggest online shopping frenzy这是一场全球最大的在线购物狂欢In1993A group of male students at Nanjing University in China decided to celebrate their singledom.The annual date would be November11th, comprised of four lonely1s.1993年，中国南京大学的一群男生决定选个日子庆祝他们的单身生活。
于是他们便定在了每年的11月11日，这一天是由四个孤独的“1”组成的。
The story may be apocryphal.But since2009Alibaba,China’s e-commerce giant,has turned Singles’Day into a very real shopping frenzy.It has long since eclipsed America’s Black Friday and Cyber Monday online sales combined.这个故事或许是虚构的。
但自2009年以来，中国电子商务巨头阿里巴巴就已经将光棍节打造成了一场真正的购物狂欢。
其销售额早已超过了美国的黑色星期五和网络星期一在线销售额的总和。
This year Taylor Swift performed at the countdown.In the next24hours Alibaba sold$38.4bn-worth of petitors like and Pinduoduo have piled in.泰勒·斯威夫特（霉霉）甚至都参加了今年的天猫双十一晚会。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一一
The legal cannabis market shrank in California last year去年，加州的合法大麻市场在萎缩Harbourside Cannabis in Oakland is a modern-day temple to the delights and possibilities of the botanical marvel that is the plant Cannabis sativa. Around the airy shop move a well-heeled clientele.They browse among offerings ranging from cannabis-infused chocolate to sparkling water and vape pens.奥克兰的哈伯赛德大麻公司是一座可供寻求快乐和见识到大麻种植奇观的现代庙宇。
一群有钱人在通透的大麻商店里来来往往。
他们浏览着从大麻巧克力到大麻起泡水和大麻电子烟等各式各样的大麻商品。
California was the first state to allow sales of medical cannabis in1996, and Harbourside one of the first shops in America to sell pot legally.Since January last year,the firm has also been able to sell pot for purely recreational purposes.1996年，加州成为美国首个允许销售医用大麻的州，哈伯赛德也是美国首批合法销售大麻的商店之一。
自去年1月以来，哈伯赛德也能销售纯娱乐用途的大麻了。
Thanks to its large number of“medical”users,California’s is the largest legal cannabis market in the world.But since the legalisation of adult sales, that market has been shrinking.得益于大批的“医疗”用户，加州成为了全球最大的合法大麻市场。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三三
McDonald’s fires its boss over a workplace romance麦当劳CEO因办公室恋情遭到解雇The swiftness of Steve Easterbrook’s exit from McDonald’s matched that of Don Thompson,his predecessor,in2015.Mr Thompson was pushed out for poor performance.Not Mr Easterbrook,who was widely admired for doubling the American fast-food giant’s share price.史蒂夫·伊斯特布鲁克离开麦当劳的速度之快与其前任唐·汤普森（于2015年离职）不分伯仲。
汤普森是由于业绩不佳而遭到开除的。
但伊斯特布鲁克就不同了，他曾使这家美国快餐巨头的股价翻了一番，并因此广受赞誉。
On November3rd the company announced it was sacking its British-born boss because of“a recent consensual relationship with an employee”. Chris Kempczinski,who runs its domestic business,takes over.11月3日，麦当劳宣布解雇了这位英国籍老板，理由是“他最近与一位下属存在两情相悦的亲密关系”。
负责美国国内业务的克里斯·肯普钦斯基接手了该职位。
Bill George of Harvard Business School called Mr Easterbrook’s departure a“tragedy”for McDonald’s.In Europe ousting a capable CEO drew bemusement.Süddeutsche Zeitung,a German daily,commented that,“luckily”,German labour law would bar such a move.哈佛商学院的比尔·乔治称，伊斯特布鲁克的离开对于麦当劳来说是一场“悲剧”。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三五
Research suggests happy employees are good for firms and investors 研究表明，快乐的员工对公司和投资者都有好处There is an old joke about a new arrival in Hell,who is given the choice by Satan of two different working environments.In the first,frazzled workers shovel huge piles of coal into a fiery furnace.In the second,a group of workers stand,waist-deep in sewage,sipping cups of tea.有个老笑话讲的是一个刚下地狱的人，撒旦让他在两种不同的工作环境中做出选择。
在第一个房间里，疲惫不堪的工人们要将大堆大堆的煤铲进炽热的火炉中。
在第二个房间里，一群工人站在齐腰深的污水中，啜饮着茶。
The condemned man opts,on balance,for the second room.As soon as the door closes,the foreman shouts“Right lads,tea break over.Time to stand on your heads again.”这个有罪之人在经过权衡后最终选择了第二个房间。
门一关上，工头便喊道：“伙计们，茶歇时间到了，是时候再倒立了。
”Terrible working conditions have a long tradition.Early industry was marked by its dirty,dangerous factories(dark,satanic mills).In the early 20th century workers were forced into dull,repetitive tasks by the needs of the production line.However,in a service-based economy,it makes sense that focusing on worker morale might be a much more fruitful approach.恶劣的工作环境有着悠久的传统。
2019考研英语经济学人阅读1(英语学习).doc
2019考研英语经济学人阅读1（英语学习）联合国严厉制裁朝鲜The European Union announced that it will provide700m ($760m) in aid to accommodate migrants incountries overwhelmed by the refugee crisis. Most ofthe money is expected to go to Greece. AngelaMerkel, Germany’s chancellor, scolded Austria andother countries for clamping down on refugeearrivals, and vowed not to abandon Greece.欧盟宣布将向深陷难民危机的国家提供7亿欧元(7.6亿美元)的难民安置援助。
该援助的一大部分将给希腊。
德国总理安吉拉·默克尔(Angela Merkel)谴责奥地利等国家抵制难民入境的行为，并承诺不会放弃对希腊的援助。
The leader of Spain’s Socialist Party, Pedro Sánchez, failed in his first attempt to form aminority government with the upstart centrist Ciudadanos party. Both the centre-right PopularParty and the far-left Podemos party voted against the proposed coalition in parliament. If MrSánchez fails again in a second vote planned for March 4th, the caretaker government willprobably call new elections.西班牙工人社会党( Socialist Party)领导人彼得罗·桑切斯(Pedro Sánchez)与新兴中立公民党(Ciudadanos party)首次尝试组建少数党政府，但最终以失败告终。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二十
Wealth taxes have moved up the political agenda征收财富税已经被提上了政治议程Some economists are reconsidering their aversion to levies on large fortunes一些经济学家正在转变他们对向巨额财富征税的反感态度Five years ago Thomas Piketty’s“Capital in the Twenty-First Century”, a weighty analysis of rising inequality,flew off shelves and ignited fiery debate.Fans and detractors alike tended to agree on one thing,at least: its proposal to fix inequality—a tax on wealth—was a dud.五年前，托马斯·皮凯蒂撰写的《21世纪的资本》（一本对日益加剧的不平等现象进行了深入分析的著作）一经上架便引发了激烈的辩论。
支持者和反对者至少在一件事上达成了一致：书中所提出的解决不平等问题的提议（征收财富税）是没用的。
A half-decade later the mood has shifted.Several candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination promise to tax wealth;Bernie Sanders recently announced a plan to tax fortunes of more than$32m at1%per year,and those larger than$10bn at8%.五年后的今天，人们的态度发生了转变。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二一
Japan’s state-owned version of Tinder日本官方版TinderLocal authorities are setting up matchmaking websites to pair their residents with lonely-hearts in the cities政府当局创办相亲网站，为当地居民牵线搭桥Even after years of attending match-making parties,a professional in Tokyo explains,she has not found any suitable marriage prospects.“I’m tired of going to these events and not meeting anyone,”she gripes.东京一名职场人士表示，虽然参加了多年的相亲会，但她仍然没有找到合适的结婚对象。
她抱怨道：“我对参加这些活动感到厌倦了，却没有遇见一个合适的人。
”So she has decided to expand her pool of prospective partners by looking for love outside the capital.To that end she has filled out an online profile detailing her name,job,hobbies and even weight on a match-making site that pairs up single urbanites with people from rural areas.因此，她决定将她寻找伴侣的范围扩大到首都之外。
为此，她在一个为城市和农村的单身人士配对的婚配网站上填写了一份个人资料，详细描述了自己的姓名、工作、爱好，甚至体重。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三九
Plantation owners profit by not persecuting primates果园主通过放任猴子而获利Monkeys act as pest controllers who take their fees in fruit猴子收取水果费，扮演害虫控制者的角色Palm oil is a lucrative business,but not without its problems.Plantations of palms,the fruit of which are crushed to release the oil,are usually there at the expense of rainforest.This does not go down well with environmentalists.棕榈油是一门利润丰厚的生意，但其中也存在着一些问题。
种植棕榈树（人们通过压榨棕榈果来获得棕榈油）的果园往往是以破坏雨林为代价的。
这引发了环保人士的不满。
Nor does it go down well with the rainforest’s inhabitants,some of whom, such as pig-tailed macaques,a species of monkey,raid the plantations to eat the palm fruit before it can be harvested.同样不满的还有生活在雨林的居民们，其中一些居民（比如猪尾猕猴，一种猴子）会在棕榈果成熟前突袭果园去偷吃棕榈果。
Such raiding,naturally,invites retaliation by planters,who try to trap and relocate the animals,or scare them off with gunshots.But a study published in Current Biology this week,by Nadine Ruppert and Anna Holzner of the University of Sciences Malaysia,suggests such retaliation is a mistake.猴子的突袭自然会招致果园主的报复行为，他们试图诱捕并转移这些动物，或者用枪声将它们吓跑。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一三
Congo’s enormous rainforest is getting smaller刚果幅员辽阔的雨林正在变小Jagged,charred tree stumps jut out of blackened earth in what was once part of the rainforest in the Democratic Republic of Congo.One man, Rafael,standing amid the devastation,reckons he has set fire to around 40sections of the forest near the city of Bandundu in the past two months.一个个锯齿状烧焦的树桩矗立在一片焦黑的土地上，这里曾经是刚果民主共和国热带雨林的一部分。
一个名叫拉斐尔的男子站在这片废墟上，他估计自己在过去两个月里已经纵火烧毁了班顿杜市附近的40片森林了。
He bags the scorched wood and flogs it as charcoal in the capital, Kinshasa,some250km away.Most of the city’s12m residents,unable to afford gas or electric ovens,rely on charcoal for cooking.他把烧焦的木头打包好，然后运至250公里外的首都金沙萨并将其作为木炭进行售卖。
这座城市1200万居民中的大多数人都用不起燃气或电炉，只能烧木炭来做饭。
The Congo basin rainforest is the second biggest tropical forest in the world,after the Amazon.It stretches across six central African countries (though more than half its trees are in Congo).Its absorbent peatlands hold the equivalent of three years’worth of global carbon emissions,mitigating global warming.刚果盆地雨林是世界上仅次于亚马逊雨林的第二大热带雨林。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二二
Lilies tweak their fruit and seeds to ensure their propagation百合对其果实和种子进行改造，以确保其繁殖Spit it out把种子吐出来African bush lilies are demanding plants.To thrive,they need dappled shade—for they are sensitive to full sunlight—and well-drained soil.They are therefore patchily distributed,growing only in microclimates where these conditions pertain.非洲灌木百合是一种对生长环境有着严苛要求的植物。
为了能够茁壮生长，它们需要斑驳的树荫（它们对充足的阳光很敏感）和排水良好的土壤。
因此，它们往往散落分布，仅在这些条件适宜的小气候中生长。
That means their seeds are likely to do best if they germinate near the plant that bore them.Too near,though,and they will compete with that parent for resources.这意味着，这些种子如果在播种它们的植物附近将会生长的最好。
但是，如果靠的太近将会和它们的母代植物争夺资源。
Somehow,a way needs to be arranged for seeds to be carried the optimum distance from their parental plants.And Ian Kiepiel and Steven Johnson at the University of KwaZulu-Natal,in South Africa,think they know how it happens.于是乎，需要通过某种途径让种子和母代植物保持最佳的距离。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一零
Vanquishing the virus攻克病毒Africa is on the verge of being declared polio-free非洲即将宣布消灭脊髓灰质炎病毒Health workers overcame violence and conspiracy theories卫生工作者克服了暴力和阴谋论的困难Eradicating Polio is hard.It is even harder when politicians and imams fan the conspiracy theory that the polio vaccine is part of a Western plot to sterilise Muslims,as happened for several years in northern Nigeria.想要消灭脊髓灰质炎很难。
而当政治家和部落领袖们煽动着阴谋论（他们宣称脊髓灰质炎疫苗是西方消灭穆斯林阴谋的一部分，正如尼日利亚北部多年来发生的那样）时，就更是难上加难了。
So in2015Nigeria’s president,Muhammadu Buhari,decided to set an example.He gave the vaccine to one of his grandchildren on television, before rallying politicians and tribal leaders to join the campaign.因此，在2015年，尼日利亚总统穆罕默杜·布哈里决定树立一个榜样。
他在电视上给他的孙子接种了脊髓灰质炎疫苗，随后召集政客和部落领袖们加入这场运动。
His efforts,and those of hundreds of thousands of volunteers,have paid off.On August21st Nigeria marked three years since its last documented case of wild polio.That means the country is set to be declared polio-freeby the World Health Organisation-backed Global Polio Eradication Initiative.他和成千上万名志愿者的努力最终得到了回报。
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TikTok time-bomb
抖音，一颗定时炸弹
TikTok’s silly clips raise some serious questions
抖音的搞笑视频带来了一些严肃的问题
If this article were a TikTok video,it would already be almost over—and you would be smiling.TikTok’s15-second clips are all the rage among teenage netizens.
如果这篇文章是一段抖音短视频的话，那么到这会应该就快结束了，而此时的你应该在哈哈大笑。
抖音的15秒短视频在青少年网民中风靡一时。
The app was downloaded more than750m times in the past12months, more than Facebook plus its sister services,Instagram and WhatsApp, combined.Fun aside,TikTok raises serious questions—about data geopolitics,the power of internet incumbents and who sees what online.
这款应用在过去的一年的下载量高达7.5亿次，超过了Facebook及其姊妹应用Instagram和WhatsApp的总和。
除了给人们带来欢乐外，抖音也带来了一些严肃的问题，例如数据地缘政治、互联网公司的力量以及用户能看到什么内容。
TikTok is YouTube on steroids.It bombards users with self-repeating clips. It forms a genre of quick-hit entertainment:a prank,a dare,a teenager looking pretty.Most are produced by adolescents,with easy-to-use
editing tools.The app makes money from adverts and commissions on digital tips.
抖音要比YouTube更强劲。
它利用自动循环播放的短视频对用户进行轰炸，由此形成了一种迅速流行开来的娱乐模式：一场恶作剧、一次挑战、一位面容姣好的少年。
这些视频大都是由青少年利用简单易用的编辑工具制作的。
抖音靠着广告和打赏抽成来赚钱。
It may one day generate revenue from e-commerce,like its Chinese sister app,Douyin.Both are owned by ByteDance,a Beijing firm valued at$75bn, more than any other private startup.
或许有一天，它也能像其姊妹应用抖音（中国版）那样通过电子商务来赚钱。
这两个应用都归属于北京的字节跳动公司，其750亿美元的估值比任何一家私营初创公司都要高。
The China connection has Washington in a tizzy.On November1st it emerged that America’s government has opened a national-security review of ByteDance’s takeover in2017of Musical.ly,an app developed in China,which later became TikTok.On November5th congressmen lambasted ByteDance for not showing up to a hearing.
抖音与中国的联系让华盛顿紧张不安。
11月1日，有消息称，美国政府已经就字节跳动在2017年收购Musical.ly一事展开了国家安全调查。
Musical.ly是一款在中国开发的应用，后来便成为了抖音（国际版）。
11月5日，国会议员对字节跳动未能出席听证会表示谴责。
Hawks argue that TikTok gives the government in Beijing access to data on millions of Americans and that it censors content the regime does not like.If America’s sanctions on Huawei,a maker of telecoms gear,are about disentangling electronics supply chains,its assault on ByteDance is an attempt to keep the data flows of America and China separate.
美国鹰派人士认为，北京方面能够从抖音这里获取美国数百万用户的数据，并且还会对其不乐见的内容进行筛查。
如果说美国对电信设备制造商华为的制裁是为了切断电子产品的供应链，那么其对字节跳动的出手则是为了切断中美两国的数据流。
ByteDance rejects these accusations,saying that non-Chinese user data sit on non-Chinese servers,and that decisions about what not to show American users are made in America.
字节跳动对这些指控予以了否认，并表示，非中国用户的数据并没有储存在中国的服务器上，而关于不向美国用户展示哪些内容的决定也是在美国做出的。
For his part,Mark Zuckerberg is less worried about data sovereignty and more about competition from TikTok,China’s first runaway web success in America.Facebook is pulling out the big guns it deploys against fast-growing upstarts.In late2018it launched Lasso,a TikTok clone.
对于马克·扎克伯格来说，他更担心的是来自抖音的竞争（这是中国公司首次在美国互联网取得的成功），而非数据主权的问题。
Facebook正在部署重武器以对抗快速增长的抖音。
2018年底，Facebook推出了一款山寨抖音的应用Lasso。
An independent developer recently unearthed a feature hidden in Instagram’s code that apes TikTok’s editing tools.It is cold comfort to Mr Zuckerberg that should his defences fail,Big Tech’s critics will have to concede that digital monopolies are not that invincible after all.
最近，一位独立开发者也在Instagram的代码中发现了一个模仿抖音编辑工具的功能。
如果对抖音的抵御最终以失败告终，那么这家科技巨头的批评者将不得不承认，数字垄断也不是那么牢不可破的，但这对于扎克伯格来说不过是一种冷冰冰的安慰了。
(红色标注词为重难点词汇)
重难点词汇：
geopolitics[ˌdʒiːoʊˈpɑːlətɪks]n.地缘政治学；地理政治论
incumbent[ɪnˈkʌmbənt]adj.现任的；依靠的；负有职责的n.在职者；现任者commission[kəˈmɪʃn]n.委员会；佣金；服务费；犯；委任vt.委任；使服役lambast[læm'best]v.狠打；猛烈抨击
invincible[ɪnˈvɪnsəbl]adj.无敌的；不能征服的。