基础口译教程-U4词汇短语表

基础口译教程词汇短语表

U4 Humanity and Environment

Warming-up Practice

1. Plant and animal habitats will be changed by global warming.

habitat /'h?b?t?t/ n. the natural home of a plant or animal〔动植物的〕生活环境；栖息地global /'gl??b(?)l/ warming: a general increase in world temperatures caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the Earth全球变暖

predict /pr?'d?kt/ v. to say that something will happen, before it happens预言，预料，预测

one-third 1/3

significantly /s?g'n?f?k(?)ntl?/ adv. in an important way or to an important degree显著地

species /'spi??i?z/ n. a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants〔动植物的〕物种，种

carbon dioxide: /'kɑ?b(?)n/ /d a?'?ksa?d/ the gas produced when animals breathe out, when carbon is burned in air, or when animal or vegetable substances decay二氧化碳

content /'k?ntent/ n. the amount of a substance that is contained in something含量

atmosphere /'?tm?sf??/ n. the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth〔地球的〕大气（层）give top priority to 给予优先考虑

pollution /p?'lu??(?)n/ n. the process of making air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use, or the state of being dangerously dirty污染

summit /'s?m?t/ n. an important meeting or set of meetings between the leaders of several governments首脑会议，最高级会议，峰会

miss the chance错过机会

catastrophe /k?'t?str?f?/ n. a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, suffering, or death 灾难，大祸，严重的不幸

2. Asia is facing serious environmental problems.

face: v. if you face or are faced with a difficult situation, or if a difficult situation faces you, it is going to affect you and you must deal with it面临〔困难〕，面对〔困境〕

serious /'s??r??s/ adj. extremely bad or dangerous〔情况、问题、事故等〕严重的

release /r?'li?s/ v. to let news or official information be known and printed公开发表，发布

threat /θret/ n. a statement in which you tell someone that you will cause them harm or trouble if they do not do what you want威胁，恐吓

rapid /'r?p?d/ adj. happening or done very quickly and in a very short time快速的，迅速的shrink /?r??k/v. to become smaller使缩小; 缩小

rain forest: a tropical forest with tall trees that are very close together, growing in an area where it rains a lot（热带）雨林

especially /?'spe?(?)l?/ adv. used to emphasize that something is more important or happens more with one particular thing than with others尤其

Malaysia /m??le???/ n. 马来西亚

Philippines /'filipi:nz/ n. 菲律宾

Thailand /'ta?l?nd/ n. 泰国

according to根据……

3. The pandas are facing a crisis?

reserve /r?'z??v/ n. an area of land where wild animals and plants are protected〔野生生物〕保护区

crisis /'kra?s?s/ n. a situation in which there are a lot of problems that must be dealt with quickly so that the situation does not get worse or more dangerous危机；紧要关头

article /'ɑ?t?k(?)l/ n. a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine〔报刊的〕文章，论文

imagine /?'m?d??n/ v. to form a picture or idea in your mind about what something could be like 想象

flower /'fla??/ v. to produce flowers开花

bamboo /b?m'bu?/ n. a tall tropical plant with hollow stems that is used for making furniture竹wither /'w?e?/ v. to become drier and smaller and start to die（使）〔植物〕枯萎，干枯

strict /str?kt/ adj. a strict order or rule is one that must be obeyed〔命令、规则〕必须严格遵守的regulation /regj?'le??(?)n/ n. an official rule or order规则；条例；法令

set up建立

safeguard /'se?fgɑ?d/ v. to protect something from harm or damage保护，保卫〔某物〕

rescue /'reskju?/ v. to save someone or something from a situation of danger or harm营救，解救，救援

Passage Interpretation

Part A English-Chinese Interpretation

Passage 1

Paragraph 1

industrial /?n'd?str??l/ adj. relating to industry or the people working in it工业的；产业工人的machinery /m?'?i?n(?)r?/ n. machines in general机器; 机械

form /f??m/ n. a type or kind种类

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at one’s worst处于最坏的情况下

densely /densl?/ adv. 稠密地

populate /?p?pj??le?t/ v. 聚居; 栖息

hearing loss失聪

stress /stres/ n. continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life, that prevent you from relaxing压力；忧虑；紧张

high blood pressure高血压

sleep loss睡眠减少

distraction /d?'str?k?(?)n/ n. something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing使人分心的事物

productivity /pr?d?k't?v?t?/ n. the rate at which goods are produced, and the amount produced, especially in relation to the work, time, and money needed to produce them生产效率；生产力

Paragraph 3

decibel /'des?bel/ n. a unit for measuring the loudness of sound分贝〔声音强度单位〕

intensity /?n'tens?t?/n. the quality of being felt very strongly or having a strong effect强烈；剧烈range from A to B：从A到B

rock /r?k/ n. a type of popular modern music with a strong loud beat, played using guitar s and drums摇滚乐

concert /'k?ns?t/ n. a performance given by musicians or singers音乐会；演唱会

intensity /?n'tens?t?/ n. the strength of something such as light or sound〔光、声等的〕强度

jet /d?et/ n. a fast plane with a jet engine喷气式飞机

long-lasting: continuing for a long time持久的

Paragraph 4

solution /s?'lu??(?)n/ n. a way of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation〔对问题或困难局面的〕解决，解决方法

soundproof /'sa?n(d)pru?f/ v. to make something soundproof使隔音

ceiling /'si?l??/ n. the inner surface of the top part of a room天花板

vegetation /ved??'te??(?)n/ n. plants in general植物，草木〔总称〕

absorb /?b'z??b/ v. to take in liquid, gas, or another substance from the surface or space around something吸收〔液体、气体或其他物质〕

maintain /me?n'te?n/ v. to make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before保持,维持

separation /sep?'re??(?)n/ n. when something separates or is separate分开，分离

residential /rez?'den?(?)l/ adj. a residential part of a town consists of private houses, with no offices or factories住宅区的

zone /z??n/ n. a large area that is different from other areas around it in some way〔有别于周围的〕地区，地带，区域

excessive /?k?ses?v/ adj. much more than is reasonable or necessary过度的；过多的

Passage 2

Paragraph 1

brief /bri?f/ adj. using very few words or including few details简洁的，简明的

make a brief report做简要报告

climate change气候变化

in the past decade在过去十年

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evidence /'ev?d(?)ns/ n. facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true证据，证明

Paragraph 3

inhabitant /?n'h?b?t(?)nt/ n. one of the people who live in a particular place居民

Pacific /p?'s?f?k/ n. 太平洋

island /?a?l?nd/ n. a piece of land that is completely surrounded by water 岛

Pacific Islands太平洋岛国

practical /'pr?kt?k(?)l/ adj. relating to real situations and events实践的，实际的

argue /'ɑ?gju?/ v. to disagree with someone in words, often in an angry way争论，争吵

low-lying : not far above the level of the sea〔土地〕高出海面不多的，低洼的

suffer /'s?f?/ v. If you suffer something bad, you are in a situation in which something painful, harmful, or very unpleasant happens to you. 遭受

costal /'k??stl/ in the sea or on the land near the coast近海的，沿海的，海岸的

erosion /?'r????n/n. the process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed by wind, rain, or the sea〔风、雨或海水的〕侵蚀，腐蚀

crop failure庄稼歉收

Paragraph 4

ice core冰芯

Tibetan /t??b?t?n/ adj. belonging or relating to Tibet, or to its people, language, or culture. 西藏的; 西藏人的; 西藏语言的; 西藏文化的

plateau /'pl?t??/ n. a large area of high and fairly flat land高原

Tibetan plateau青藏高原

drought /dra?t/ n. a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live旱灾，干旱

spell /spel/ n. a period of a particular kind of activity, weather, illness etc, usually a short period 〔某种活动、天气、疾病等的〕一段时间〔通常时间较短〕

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significant /s?ɡ?n?f?k?nt/ adj. large enough to be important or affect a situation to a noticeable degree. 重大的; 显著的

recent /?ri?s?nt/ adj. happened only a short while ago最近的

Passage 3

Paragraph 1

desertification /d??z?:t?f??ke??n/ n. the process by which useful land, especially farmland, changes into desert〔土地，尤指农田的〕荒漠化，沙漠化

alarming /?'lɑ?m??/ adj. making you feel worried or frightened令人担忧的；令人恐慌的degradation /,degr?'de??(?)n/ n. the process by which something changes to a worse condition退化，恶化

obscure /?b'skj??/ v. to prevent something from being seen or heard clearly遮蔽；使朦胧；使听不清

misperception /,m?sp?'sep??n/ n. an idea or impression that is not correct误解; 错误想法biological /?ba???l?d??k?l/ adj. relating to the natural processes performed by living things生物的，与生物有关的

productivity /pr?d?k't?v?t?/ n. the rate at which goods are produced生产效率；生产力

induce /?n'dju?s/ v. to induce a state or condition means to cause it引起

human-induced factor: 人为因素

Paragraph 2

drought /dra?t/ n. a long period of time during which no rain falls干旱

estimate /'est?me?t/ v. to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without

calculating it exactly估计，估算

agricultural /?ɡr?'k?lt??r?l/ adj. involving or relating to agriculture农业的

agriculture /'?gr?k?lt??/ n. the practice or science of farming农业；农学

substantial /s?b'st?n?(?)l/ adj. large in amount or degree大量的; 很大程度的

contribute /k?n'tr?bju?t/ v. If you contribute to something, you say or do things to help to make it successful. 贡献; 做出贡献

insecurity /??ns?'kj??r?t?/ n. 不安全

security /s?'kj??r?t?/ n. things that are done to keep a person, building, or country safe from danger or crime保安措施，安全工作

famine /'f?m?n/ n. a situation in which large numbers of people have little or no food, and many of them die饥荒

give rise to: to cause … to happen引发

political /p?'l?t?k(?)l/ adj. Political means relating to the way power is achieved and used in a country or society. 政治的

tension /'ten?(?)n/ n. the feeling that is produced in a situation when people are anxious and do not trust each other, and when there is a possibility of sudden violence or conflict紧张局面

conflict /'k?nfl?kt/ n. a state of disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc 〔意见等的〕抵触，冲突，矛盾

urgency /'??d?(?)ns?/ n. 紧急的事

urgent /'??d??nt/ adj. very important and needing to be dealt with immediately紧急的；急迫的；需迅速处理的

United/j?'na?t?d/ Nations联合国

general assembly 联合国大会

proclaim /pr?'kle?m/ v. to formally make it known to the public宣布

reminder /r?'ma?nd?/ n. something that makes you notice, remember, or think about something起提醒作用的东西

address /?'dres/ v. if you address a problem, you start trying to solve it（着手）解决，处理〔问题〕far-reaching: having a great influence or effect影响深远的

implication /?mpl?'ke??(?)n/ n. a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc〔行动、事件、决定等的〕可能的影响[后果]

summarize /'s?m?ra?z/ v. to make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, event, report etc总结，概括，概述

civil /'s?v(?)l/ adj. relating to the ordinary people or things in a country that are not part of military, government, or religious organizations普通公民的；平民的；民用的；非军事的；非宗教的society /s?'sa??t?/ n. an organization or club with members who share similar interests, aims etc社团，协会

civil society民间团体

sector /'sekt?/ n. a part of an area of activity, especially of business, trade etc〔尤指商业、贸易等领域的〕部门；行业

public/private sector (=business controlled by the government or by private companies)公营/私营部门

focus attention on sth.集中注意力于……

crucial /'kru??(?)l/ adj. something that is crucial is extremely important, because everything else depends on it至关重要的，关键性的

reverse /r?'v??s/ v. to change something, such as a decision, judgment, or process so that it is the opposite of what it was before推翻，彻底改变〔决定、判决、过程等〕

reverse the trend of…扭转……的趋势

sustainable /s?'ste?n?b(?)l/ adj. able to continue without causing damage to the environment可持续的，不破坏环境的

Paragraph 3

opportunity /??p??tju:n?t?/ n. a chance to do something or an occasion when it is easy for you to do something机会，时机

a golden opportunity(=a very good opportunity) 绝佳的机会

provide/present/open up an opportunity 提供/展现/创造一个机会

ignore /?g'n??/ v. to behave as if you had not heard or seen someone or something不顾；忽视；不理

peril /'per?l/ n. great danger, especially of being harmed or killed巨大的危险

do sth at your peril: 做某事要自担风险〔用于告诫某人他打算做的事情很危险〕magnificent /m?g'n?f?s(?)nt/ adj. very good or beautiful, and very impressive宏伟的，壮丽的；华丽的，富丽堂皇的

ecosystem /'i?k??s?st?m/ n. all the animals and plants in a particular area, and the way in which they are related to each other and to their environment生态系统

witness /?w?tn?s/ n. A witness to an event such as an accident or crime is a person who saw it. 目击者

bear witness to sth: 见证某事，为某事证明

bygone /?ba??ɡ?n/ adj. happening or existing a very long time ago. 很久以前的

era /'??r?/ n. a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular qualities时代，年代

bygone age/era/days : 过去的时期/年代/岁月

therefore /'ee?f??/ adv. as a result of something that has just been mentioned因此，由此，所以celebrate /'sel?bre?t/ v. to show that an event or occasion is important by doing something special or enjoyable庆祝

fragile /'fr?d?a?l/ adj. easily broken or damaged脆弱的，易碎的，易损坏的

unique /ju?'ni?k/ adj. unusually good and special极好的；难得的，不同寻常的；特别的heritage /'her?t?d?/ n. the traditional beliefs, values, customs etc of a family, country, or society〔文化〕遗产；传统

cultural heritage文化遗产

desert /'dez?t/ n. a large area of land where it is always very dry, and there is a lot of sand沙漠，荒漠