2019-Best Practice Workshop People Results最佳实践的的结果车间的人-文档资料
劳动技能训练基地收货英语作文
劳动技能训练基地收货英语作文The Receiving Goods Training Facility for Labor Skills stands as a beacon of hope for individuals seeking to hone their practical abilities and enhance their employment prospects. This specialized institution offers a comprehensive curriculum designed to equip trainees with the essential skills required in the dynamic world of logistics and supply chain management.At the heart of the facility lies a meticulously organized warehouse, where trainees are immersed in the intricate processes of receiving and managing incoming goods. From the moment a shipment arrives, the trainees are tasked with meticulously documenting the contents, ensuring accuracy and attention to detail. They learn to navigate the complex system of inventory management, mastering the art of efficient storage and organization.One of the key components of the training program is the emphasis on proper handling techniques. Trainees are instructed on the safe and ergonomic methods of lifting, moving, and stacking a diverse range of products. This hands-on approach not only builds physicalstrength and dexterity but also instills a deep understanding of workplace safety protocols. By practicing these techniques in a controlled environment, the trainees develop the confidence and muscle memory required to excel in real-world scenarios.The facility's curriculum also delves into the world of digital inventory management. Trainees are introduced to the latest software and technologies used in the industry, equipping them with the skills to seamlessly integrate digital tools into their workflow. From barcode scanning to inventory tracking systems, the trainees learn to leverage technology to streamline operations and enhance productivity.In addition to the technical aspects of the job, the training program also emphasizes the importance of effective communication and teamwork. Trainees are encouraged to work collaboratively, honing their problem-solving abilities and learning to navigate the dynamics of a diverse workforce. This holistic approach ensures that the trainees not only possess the practical skills but also the interpersonal competencies required to thrive in the fast-paced and often demanding logistics industry.One of the standout features of the Receiving Goods Training Facility is its commitment to hands-on learning. Rather than relying solely on classroom-based instruction, the facility provides ample opportunities for trainees to engage in real-world simulations andpractical exercises. This immersive approach allows them to apply the knowledge they have acquired in a controlled environment, building their confidence and preparing them for the challenges they will face in their future careers.The facility's faculty comprises industry veterans and subject matter experts who bring a wealth of experience to the table. These seasoned professionals not only impart their technical knowledge but also share invaluable insights and best practices gleaned from their time in the field. This mentorship component of the program is invaluable, as it provides trainees with the guidance and support they need to navigate the complexities of the industry.Beyond the technical training, the Receiving Goods Training Facility also places a strong emphasis on personal development. Trainees are encouraged to set goals, develop effective time management strategies, and cultivate a growth mindset. This holistic approach ensures that the trainees not only acquire the necessary skills but also the mental and emotional resilience required to thrive in a dynamic and ever-evolving industry.One of the unique aspects of the facility is its commitment to community engagement. The institution regularly partners with local businesses and organizations to provide hands-on training opportunities for the trainees. These collaborative efforts not onlystrengthen the trainees' real-world experience but also forge valuable connections within the industry, opening doors to potential employment opportunities.The Receiving Goods Training Facility's impact extends far beyond the walls of the institution. Graduates of the program have gone on to secure fulfilling careers in various logistics and supply chain roles, contributing to the growth and efficiency of businesses across the region. The facility's alumni network serves as a testament to the program's success, providing a supportive community for former trainees to continue their professional development and share their experiences with aspiring logistics professionals.In conclusion, the Receiving Goods Training Facility for Labor Skills stands as a shining example of the power of practical education and hands-on training. By equipping trainees with the technical skills, digital expertise, and interpersonal competencies required in the logistics industry, the facility empowers individuals to achieve their career aspirations and contribute to the overall efficiency and success of the supply chain. As the demand for skilled logistics professionals continues to grow, the Receiving Goods Training Facility remains a vital resource for those seeking to unlock their full potential and make a lasting impact in this dynamic and ever-evolving field.。
员工培训让顾客接受更好的服务英语作文
员工培训让顾客接受更好的服务英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Training Employees to Provide Better Customer ServiceHello everyone! Today, I want to tell you about something very important - how employee training can help us provide better service to our customers. You might wonder, what is customer service? Well, it's all about making our customers happy and satisfied when they visit our store or use our services. Let's find out how employee training can make a big difference!Firstly, training helps employees learn new skills and knowledge. When we are trained, we become better at our jobs. For example, we can learn how to communicate politely with customers, how to answer their questions, and how to handle difficult situations. Training also teaches us about the products or services we offer, so we can provide accurate information to our customers. When we have the right skills and knowledge, we can serve our customers better!Secondly, training helps us understand the needs of our customers. Each customer is unique, and their needs may vary.Through training, we can learn how to listen carefully to customers and understand what they want. We can also learn how to be patient and treat everyone with kindness and respect. By understanding our customers, we can offer personalized solutions and make them feel valued.Moreover, training helps us improve our problem-solving skills. Sometimes, customers may face challenges or have complaints. With proper training, we can learn how to handle these situations in a calm and professional manner. We can learn how to stay positive and find solutions that satisfy our customers. When we can solve problems effectively, our customers will trust us and feel confident in our service.Furthermore, training teaches us about teamwork and cooperation. In a workplace, it's important to work together as a team. Through training activities, we can learn how to collaborate with our colleagues. We can learn how to support each other, share ideas, and contribute to a positive work environment. When we work well together, it creates a friendly atmosphere that customers will enjoy.Lastly, training helps us stay updated with the latest trends and technologies. The world is constantly changing, and so are our customers' needs. By participating in training programs, wecan learn about new techniques, tools, and technologies that can improve our customer service. For example, we can learn how to use computers or new software to assist our customers more efficiently. Being up-to-date enables us to provide the best service possible.In conclusion, employee training plays a vital role in providing better customer service. It helps us develop new skills, understand customer needs, improve problem-solving abilities, foster teamwork, and stay updated. By continuously learning and growing through training, we become better equipped to serve our customers with excellence. So, let's embrace training and remember that every small effort we make can create a big impact on our customers' satisfaction!I hope you enjoyed reading this article, and remember to always strive for providing the best customer service possible!篇2Making Customers Happy with Employee TrainingHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about something important - employee training. You might wonder what employee training is. Well, it's a special program that helps workers learn new skills and become better at their jobs. Whenemployees are well-trained, they can provide even better service to customers, making them happy and satisfied.First of all, let's imagine going to a store where the employees don't know much about the products they sell. It would be so confusing, right? But when employees receive training, they become experts in their fields. They know all the details about the products they sell and can answer any questions customers might have. This helps customers make informed decisions and find exactly what they need. It's like having a superhero to guide you through the shopping experience!Not only do well-trained employees have knowledge, but they also know how to communicate effectively. They greet customers with a warm smile, listen carefully to their needs, and are always ready to assist. Imagine going to a restaurant where the waiters never smile or pay attention to what you want. It would be so disappointing! But with proper training, employees learn how to be polite, friendly, and patient. They make customers feel welcome and valued. It's like having a friend who is always there to help.Employee training also teaches workers important skills like problem-solving and teamwork. Let's say you bought somethingfrom a store, but it turned out to be broken. What would you do? Well, if the employees are trained in problem-solving, they will help you find a solution quickly. They will apologize for the inconvenience and make sure you leave the store happy. Moreover, when employees work together as a team, they can handle big challenges and provide excellent service. It's like having a group of superheroes who join forces to make every customer's day brighter!Now, you might wonder how employee training can benefit not only customers but also the workers themselves. Well, when employees receive training, they become more confident and motivated. They feel proud of their skills and are more likely to enjoy their work. Happy employees create a positive atmosphere, and customers can feel that. It's like being in a place filled with joy and enthusiasm!In conclusion, employee training plays a crucial role in providing better service to customers. It equips workers with knowledge, communication skills, problem-solving abilities, and teamwork spirit. When employees are well-trained, they can make customers feel happy, satisfied, and valued. So, let's appreciate all the effort put into employee training andremember that every interaction with a well-trained employee is like a magical experience!I hope you enjoyed reading this article! Remember, even as young students, we can understand and appreciate the importance of employee training.篇3Providing Better Service to Customers through Employee TrainingHello everyone! Today, I want to share with you the importance of employee training in providing better service to customers. Have you ever wondered why some stores or restaurants make you feel so happy and satisfied when you visit them? Well, one of the reasons is that their employees arewell-trained to serve customers in the best possible way.Firstly, let's talk about what employee training is. It's a special program where the workers learn new skills and knowledge to improve their work. Just like we go to school to learn new things, employees also need training to become better at their jobs. When employees are trained, they become more knowledgeable and skilled in their work, which helps them to provide better service to customers.So, how does employee training make customers happier? Let me explain. When employees are trained, they learn how to communicate effectively with customers. They learn how to greet customers with a warm smile and use polite words like "please" and "thank you." This creates a friendly atmosphere and makes customers feel welcome. Have you ever been to a store where the employees were rude or ignored you? It doesn't feel good, right? But with proper training, employees know how to make customers feel valued and important.Moreover, employee training helps workers to gain a deep understanding of the products or services they offer. They learn about the features, benefits, and usage of different products. When customers have questions or need help, employees who are well-trained can provide accurate information and guidance. This helps customers to make informed decisions and find what they need. Imagine going to a store and not getting any help or receiving wrong information. It can be frustrating, right? But with proper training, employees can assist customers effectively and make their shopping experience enjoyable.Another important aspect of employee training is teaching them problem-solving skills. Sometimes customers may have complaints or face difficulties, and it's the responsibility of theemployees to resolve these issues. Through training, employees learn how to handle difficult situations calmly and find solutions that satisfy customers. They are trained to listen to customers' concerns, empathize with them, and find ways to resolve the problems. When employees are well-trained in problem-solving, customers feel assured that their concerns will be taken seriously and resolved promptly.In addition to these skills, employee training also focuses on teamwork and cooperation. When employees work together as a team, they can provide better service to customers. They learn how to support each other, share responsibilities, and work efficiently. This teamwork ensures that customers receive prompt assistance and have a smooth experience. Have you ever been to a restaurant where the servers were disorganized and kept forgetting your orders? It can be really frustrating, right? But with proper training, employees can work together seamlessly and provide excellent service to customers.To sum up, employee training plays a crucial role in ensuring that customers receive better service. It equips employees with the necessary skills and knowledge to communicate effectively, provide accurate information, solve problems, and work as a team. When employees are well-trained, customers feel valuedand satisfied with the service they receive. So, let's appreciate the efforts of trained employees and remember to be kind and respectful to them when we visit different places.篇4Providing Better Service to Customers through Employee TrainingHello everyone! Today, I want to talk about something very important – how employee training can help us provide better service to our customers. I know it may sound boring, but trust me, it's really interesting!Firstly, let me tell you why customer service is so important. Imagine going to a store and the employees there are grumpy, unfriendly, and don't know how to help you. Would you enjoy shopping there? I guess not! Good customer service makes us feel happy, valued, and satisfied. It keeps us coming back for more.Now, how can employee training make a difference? Well, when employees receive training, they learn new skills and knowledge that can help them serve customers better. For example, they can learn how to greet customers with a smile,how to listen carefully to their needs, and how to solve problems effectively.Training can also teach employees about the products and services the company offers. When they have a good understanding of what they're selling, they can answer customers' questions confidently and provide accurate information. This helps customers make informed decisions and builds trust between the company and its customers.Another important aspect of employee training is teaching them how to handle difficult situations. Sometimes, customers may be upset or angry about something. In such cases, trained employees know how to stay calm, listen patiently, and find a solution that satisfies the customer. This turns a potentially negative experience into a positive one.Furthermore, employee training can help create a friendly and welcoming atmosphere in the workplace. When employees are trained to work together as a team, they can support each other and provide better service collectively. They can also learn how to communicate effectively, which helps them understand customer needs and concerns better.It's not only the employees who benefit from training, but also the customers. When employees are knowledgeable,friendly, and skilled, customers feel more comfortable and confident in their interactions. They are more likely to return and recommend the company to others, which is great for business.In conclusion, employee training plays a vital role in providing better service to customers. It equips employees with the necessary skills, knowledge, and attitudes to serve customers effectively. Training helps create a positive and welcoming environment, and ensures that customers feel valued and satisfied. So, let's appreciate the importance of employee training and work together to make our customers happy!I hope you enjoyed reading this essay! Remember, even as young students, we can understand the significance of employee training in delivering excellent customer service. Keep learning and growing, and you'll be ready to provide outstanding service in the future.篇5Employee Training for Better Customer ServiceHello everyone! Today, I want to talk to you about something very important – employee training for better customer service. Have you ever been to a store or a restaurant where the staff was friendly, helpful, and made you feel special?That's because they received proper training! Let's find out why employee training is so important and how it can make our shopping and dining experiences even better.Firstly, what is employee training? Well, when someone starts working at a company, they need to learn how to do their job well. This is where training comes in. Just like we learn new things in school, employees also need to learn new things to be good at their work. Training helps them understand their responsibilities, how to use the tools and equipment, and how to interact with customers.Now, why is training important for providing better customer service? Imagine going to a store where the employees don't know where things are, or they don't know how to answer your questions. It would be frustrating, right? But when employees are well-trained, they can provide accurate information, help you find what you need, and give you a great shopping experience.Training also teaches employees how to be polite and friendly. They learn how to greet customers with a smile, listen carefully to their needs, and offer assistance. When employees are kind and helpful, it creates a positive atmosphere that makes customers feel happy and valued.Moreover, training helps employees develop important skills like problem-solving and communication. Sometimes, customers may have complaints or face difficulties, and trained employees know how to handle such situations. They can find solutions to problems and ensure that customers leave satisfied.Another benefit of employee training is that it keeps everyone safe. In some jobs, employees need to learn about safety rules and procedures. For example, in a restaurant, they need to know how to handle food safely and prevent accidents in the kitchen. When employees are trained in safety, it reduces the chances of accidents and keeps both customers and employees protected.Now, you might be wondering how employee training can make our shopping and dining experiences better. Well, when employees are well-trained, they provide better service, which means we have a more enjoyable time as customers. We feel happier, more comfortable, and more likely to come back in the future. Good customer service can also lead to positive reviews and word-of-mouth recommendations, which can help businesses grow.In conclusion, employee training is crucial for providing better customer service. When employees are trained properly,they can assist customers effectively, create a positive atmosphere, solve problems, and ensure everyone's safety. So, the next time you visit a store or a restaurant and receive excellent service, remember that it's because the employees received the right training. Let's appreciate their efforts and encourage more businesses to invest in employee training for a better customer experience!I hope you liked my essay! Remember, good customer service starts with well-trained employees.篇6Offering Better Service to Customers through Employee TrainingHello, everyone! Today, I want to tell you about something important - how employee training can help us provide better service to our customers. Are you ready? Let's dive in!First of all, what is employee training? Well, it's a special program where employees learn new skills and knowledge to become better at their jobs. Just like how we study different subjects in school, employees also need to learn and improve their abilities to give the best service to customers.So, why is employee training important? Well, think about it. Have you ever been to a store where the employees didn't know how to help you? It can be frustrating, right? That's why training is so important. When employees receive proper training, they become more knowledgeable and skilled. They can answer our questions, recommend products, and provide assistance with a smile!Now, let's talk about some ways in which employee training can help improve customer service.Product Knowledge: When employees receive training, they become experts on the products and services they offer. They learn about each item's features, benefits, and how it can meet the customer's needs. This knowledge allows them to provide accurate information and make helpful recommendations.Communication Skills: Good communication is key to providing excellent customer service. Through training, employees learn how to listen actively, speak clearly, and understand customers' needs. They also learn how to handle difficult situations and resolve conflicts politely and professionally.Positive Attitude: Training helps employees develop a positive attitude towards their work and customers. They learnthe importance of being friendly, patient, and respectful. A smile and a warm greeting can make a big difference in how customers feel about their shopping experience.Problem-Solving: Sometimes, customers may have problems or concerns. Trained employees are equipped withproblem-solving skills to address these issues effectively. They can find solutions quickly and ensure that customers leave satisfied.Teamwork: Training often includes activities that encourage teamwork among employees. When they work together well, they can serve customers more efficiently. They can assist each other, share knowledge, and create a pleasant atmosphere for everyone.Now, you might wonder how employee training can make a difference in real life. Let me share a story with you.Once upon a time, there was a small toy store. The employees there received excellent training. They knew everything about the toys they sold, and they could help customers choose the perfect toy for any occasion. They were always polite and ready to assist with a smile. Customers loved visiting the store because they felt valued and well taken care of.This made the store very popular, and more and more people started shopping there.In conclusion, employee training plays a vital role in providing better service to customers. When employees are well-trained, they become knowledgeable, skilled, and confident in their jobs. They can communicate effectively, solve problems, and create a positive shopping experience for customers. So, the next time you receive excellent service, remember that it's because of the hard work and training of the employees.I hope you enjoyed learning about how employee training can improve customer service. Remember, whether you become an employee or a customer in the future, training will always be important. So, let's keep learning and growing to offer the best service possible!。
f组织咨询概述与基本框架
提供“答案‘并参与变革过程 建立客户的能力 跨边界的高度互动的麦肯锡/客户团队 —— 平均每个客户团队10个人 为所有层次提供咨询与反馈
咨询公司 产品 客户举例
BCG 时基竞争 GE General Systems 流程再造 UPRR Booz Allen 持续改进 Exxon United Research 流程再造与简化 Mobil Delta Point 转型性变革 SmithKline Beecham
关注绩效的、自上而下驱动的组织
绩效驱动的、授权的并自负其责的组织
等级制的、命令与控制导向的的、“entitled”的组织
以行动为驱动力的、承诺与授权的组织
HPOs
绩效
高
平均
低
命令与控制
承诺与授权
管理途径
*
变革路径
紧张的，有时简直是受罪的工作节奏；时刻保持警觉 真正负起责任——尤其是高层 积极从错误或低效中学习 好的工作场所，但不是舒适的处所 绩效稍有滑落就会改变你的职业生涯 成员们感到身为成功企业的一分子本身就是一种奖励
*
“绩优公司（HPO）”的成功因素（续）
由最高领导层驱动
通过不懈地追求前瞻性的战略/远景来建立
竞争激烈、以绩效驱动的环境作为内驱力
所有关键领导者都有的极高的绩效期望 高要求、“非理性”的CEO 有效的高层工作团队 能够透彻了解业务的微观层面 执着地坚持简单的、清晰的成功尺度 — 不仅仅是财务的 由于“害怕失败”而不断追求更高的效率
野心勃勃的，如果不是雄心壮志的话，很“极端” 时刻不忘成为行业领袖 坚定不移地追求赢利与增长 核心业务矢志不渝的守卫者 了解行业（群）是如何运作的、顾客想要什么、竞争对手会做什么— 以及所有这些可能如何变化
江苏省苏州市星海实验中学2023年高一上英语12月月考试题
江苏省苏州市星海实验中学2023年高一上英语12月月考试题Calling All High School StudentsApply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 Journalism Workshop!!Click here for an application formThe application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm.Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023.In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons.Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skill s, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table.It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at wh atever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience.Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including:How to find stories and assess (评估) their newsworthinessHow to identify and interview sourcesHow to create well-structured, interesting news piecesHow to write breaking newsIn addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism.1. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop?A．To expose high schoolers to the real world.B．To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience.C．To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily.D．To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting.2. What can participants do in the workshop?A．Start up a news writing website.B．Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors.C．Assess the work of Daily’s journalists.D．Get personalized guidance from professionals.3. What is the text?A．An activity schedule. B．An online advertisement.C．A course review. D．An academic article.When the fifth grade school year was almost over, all the girls made autograph (签名) books. As I signed my classmates’ books, I noticed their moms had written in them, too. “I couldn’t be prouder of you. Can’t wait to see how you like junior high!” “Congratulations! We love you and know you h ave a bright future!”I asked my mother to sign mine, too. When she handed it back to me, I was anxious to see what she had written. This is what I found on the page:When a thing is first begun,Never leave it till it’s done.Be the labor great or small.Do it well or not at all.That was it? I was frozen. It was an indication to me that, if I couldn’t be perfect, I wasn’t good enough. I held back my tears, left the page in but secretly hoped my classmates wouldn’t read it.Do it well or not at all. For years, I battled perfectionism and never felt good enough for most of my life.When my mother was in her eighties, I gave her a book to fill out so we could know more about her. It had questions at the top of each page and then blank space to respond. I sec retly hoped she’d been working on it all along. Sadly, not long after, my mother passed away. When I sorted out her belongings, what I wanted more than anything was that book. What I found stopped me short. On page ten, the question was, “What’s the best advice you got from your parents?” Her response was what she had written in my autograph book. Even though I’d memorized it years ago, I read it at a slower pace now, seeing it in a new light.It was written to her by her mother, and she was passing it down to her daughter in the same way. A gift from her to me. She was giving me treasured, valuable advice when all I was thinking about were words of praise. I understand it now.4. In paragraph 1, the author found that words from other classmates’ moms ________.A．contained reflection on lifeB．expressed their thankfulnessC．showed pride in their childrenD．featured a formal writing style5. Seeing her mom’s words on the autograph book, how did the author feel?A．Disappointed. B．Motivated. C．Hopeful. D．Anxious.6. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 imply?A．The author memorized the words from her mom.B．The author was surprised to see the same words again.C．The author found it easy to see the words clearly under the light.D．The aut hor began to have a new understanding of her mom’s words.7. What gift did the author’s mom give her?A．A vision of a perfect world.B．Encouragement to do things well.C．Her mom’s wisdom of loving yourself.D．Her mom’s advice on living at a slow pace.If you had boarded a passenger plane in 1950, you would have seen five people in the cockpit (驾驶舱): two pilots, a radio operator, a navigator and a flight engineer. Over the years, technical advances have gradually removed the need for the last three, leaving just two pilots. That has been the norm (标准) in commercial aviation for decades.However, things could be simplified further — one of the two remaining pilots could soon go. Many military aircraft are already manned by a single pilot, and for commercial aviation this would mean stepping into a brave new world.But how will airlines make this brave innovation come true? One way is to greatly increase automation in the cockpit, devoting more tasks to computers. Another is to shift the same tasks from th e cockpit to the ground. “The latter approach seems to be more workable, at least in the short term, because much of what is required already exists,” says Patrick Smith, an airline pilot flying Boeing 767 aircraft. “A trained ground operator could observe a number of flights at once and even fully control the plane remotely if needed.”It’s true that single-pilot operations could help airlines save money, but there is another reason which makes them quicken their pace for this crucial breakthrough. Boeing predicts a need for 600,000 new pilots in the next two decades, but by some estimates, there will be a deficit (赤字) of at least 34,000 pilots globally by 2025. Reducing the number of pilots on some crews or aircraft could lessen the impact of this.Perhaps the biggest barrier to a single pilot will be selling the idea to passengers. In 2019, Don Hairis, a professor at Coventry University, conducted a survey on the prospect of flying on an airliner with just one pilot. Just a minority of participants said th ey’d be willing to take that flight, and the general idea was that removing a pilot increased the possibility of accidents. In the study, Harris concluded that the single-crew airliner would be still probably 20 years away.8. What is the potential trend in commercial aviation according to the text?A．It will make air travel eco-friendly.B．It will switch to single-pilot operations.C．It will tighten its flight control for safety concerns.D．It will bring in many military aircraft to the industry.9. Wh at does Patrick Smith think is a quick way to realize airlines’ brave innovation?A．Raising the standards in admitting new pilots. B．Making pilots adaptable to different situations.C．Using computers to automate the flight process. D．Gaining piloting support from ground operators.10. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 4 refer to?A．The shortage of pilots. B．The need for new airlines.C．The airlines’ brave innovation.D．The financial problem airlines face. 11. What can be inferred fro m Don Harris’ study?A．The prospect of single-crew airliners is bright.B．It's urgent that airlines reduce airplane accidents.C．Passengers are willing to try new types of airplanes.D．Airlines have a long way to go before the innovation occurs.No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!In compa rison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect.One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix?Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity.12. What is a common practice to finish a task?A．Working in a focused period. B．Working with occasional breaks.C．Working with a stop midway. D．Working in an interrupted session.13. What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment?A．Interruption recalls details. B．Interruption betters memory.C．Interruption disturbs balance. D．Interruption reduces productivity.14. Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect?A．Fashion shows. B．Online news.C．Talk shows. D．TV series.15. What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect?A．The desire for balance. B．The physical backlog.C．The outside pressure. D．The upcoming tasks.“Beauty is only skin deep” it is said. This means that a person’s appearance is not as important as their character. Yet it is strange why people and especially women are willing to spend a fortune on making themselves more attractive physically. 16 The reason can only be one, and it is that beauty has its advantages.Attractive people are more popular generally. Beauty draws a positive response from the people around. This is obvious with children. For example, based on observation, there is a tendency for adults to treat good-looking children better. This favorable treatment continues into adulthood, as attractive people are more likely to be chosen for leadership positions and given more opportunities.17Another important benefit that good-looking people enjoy is that they find a husband or wife more easily. 18 This initial attraction may then develop into romantic feelings and a serious relationship if the couple find that they are compatible (和睦相处的) with each other.On the other hand, beauty has a number of disadvantages as well. Firstly, a good-looking person tends to attract unwanted attention from all kinds of people. The admirer may have bad intentions and cause problems for the target. 19 It is thought that beauty and brains do not go together. Thus, attractive people may not gain respect even when they deserve it because of this prejudice against them.While every individual should take care of their outward appearance and look their best, they should not neglect (忽视) their inner beauty or character. 20 Also, they should not forget physical beauty is indeed, only skin deep and will not last.I was the new teacher at school, and Clarissa, a fifth-grader, was messy. Clarissa saw no need for_______. “It’s my space!” was most often her _______ when requested by classmates. So the days went by and the _______ began to worsen.“Clarissa, get your purse out of the doorway.I’m tired of tripping over it!” they’d say. I _______ she was beginning to keep herself away from her classmates. I had to find a _______.One afternoon when I sat at my desk looking around the room, an idea sprang into my head. Standing near my desk was an old and _______ filing cabinet (柜). What if Clarissa had some space that was _______ her own?I began to work. I moved her desk and all her things near the cabinet. I selected some clean _______ and cut out a place card. On it I wrote, “Clarissa’s Space” and _______ it on top of the cabinet.The next morning she came in the room ________, already arguing with a classmate. She ________ her new space almost immediately. Quietly she asked, “Is this mine?”“It’s for your things if you feel like you need it,” I said ________, busying myself with papers on my desk.Clarissa spent the rest of the year keeping her things together in her space. ________ was at hand in our classroom. A beaten-up old cabinet gave a gift to this child, the gift of ________ a different path for someone to walk who might be ________ in some way.21.A．order B．discipline C．cooperation D．help22.A．trouble B．chance C．response D．suggestion 23.A．management B．discussion C．learning D．situation 24.A．admitted B．remembered C．predicted D．realized 25.A．reason B．solution C．position D．target 26.A．simple B．empty C．clean D．open 27.A．uniquely B．naturally C．randomly D．possibly 28.A．wood B．cloth C．paper D．glass 29.A．spread B．hid C．threw D．set30.A．in time B．as usual C．at once D．on purpose 31.A．checked B．cleared C．spotted D．ruined 32.A．casually B．angrily C．cautiously D．secretly 33.A．Silence B．Peace C．Freedom D．Fortune 34.A．choosing B．following C．creating D．showing 35.A．struggling B．waiting C．developing D．coming阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unit+5+Reading+and+Thinking+课件高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册
6. Whitacre’s original compositions began to become quite popular novel/creative/inventive
blues
the southern US
3. popular music in the style of music from the southern and
western US
country music
4. a style of music that was popular in the 1950s, and has a strong
Prep for reading
虚拟合唱团 有机会做某事 连同……一起 数百…… 参加；加入 网络连接 使某人有能力做某事 把……添加到…… 证明某人/某物…… 对……的影响 爱上 大学毕业 获得……学位 数以百万计的 在舞台上
virtual choir have the opportunity/chance to do s.th. together with... hundreds of... take part in/participate in/join in Internet connection enable sb. to do sth. add...to... prove sb./s.th.(to be)＋n./adj. an influence on... fall in love with graduate from university receive a degree in... millions of on stage
2019北师大版高中英语选择性必修三单词表
administration
/ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/
n.管理,行政;执行,实施
management
/ˈmænɪdʒmənt/
n.经营,管理
reliable
/rɪˈlaɪəbl/
adj.可信赖的,可靠的
persuade
/pəˈsweɪd/
vt.说服,劝服
client
/ˈklaɪənt/
fascinated
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/
adj.被迷住的,被吸引住的;极感兴趣的
department
/dɪˈpɑːtmənt/
n.(医院、大学、公司、政府的)科,系,处,部; (大商场的)部
institution
/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn/
n.机构,团体;制度
economy
/ɪˈkɒnəmi/
option
/ˈɒpʃn/
n.选择; (计算机的)选项,选择
telescope
/ˈtelɪskəʊp/
n.望远镜
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
默写
Topic Talk
fiction
/ˈfɪkʃn/
n.小说;虚构的事
poetry
/ˈpəʊətri/
n.诗,诗歌;诗情,诗意
fable
/ˈfeɪbl/
flake
/fleɪk/
n.小薄片*
daffodil
/ˈdæfədɪl/
n.水仙(花),黄水仙*
wander
/ˈwɒndə(r)/
ⅵ. & vt.徘徊,闲逛;漫步于
vale
/veɪl/
n.谷;山谷*
flutter
完整版)年度公司管理方针和目标
完整版)年度公司管理方针和目标公司2019年度经营管理总方针是以管理创新求发展，目标是全年实现销售收入万元，利润万元。
为了实现这一目标，公司制定了主要措施，包括营销管理、工艺管理和质量管理。
营销管理方面，公司要全面熟悉行业产品知识，提升业务能力，加强营销团队建设，增强团队合作，创造良好的工作激情和氛围，服务老客户，开发新客户，以适应客户的要求。
工艺管理方面，公司要建立和完善公司生产技术工艺资料，根据不同状态条件下，制定出标准的产品工艺技术文件，通过规范化管理技术资料，更好地服务和满足生产制造的需要，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
质量管理方面，公司要进一步完善质量保证体系，持续有效的开展内部质量体系审核，加强过程质量管理，使产品质量达到用户验收标准。
具体措施包括修订质量手册和程序文件，细化检验规程，每两月进行一次全面质量监督抽查，每月进行至少2次以上产品评审，定期举行质量沟通分析会，实施“定点超越”工程，对外协配套厂家指定考查计划进行考查，建立质量保证协议，重点放在质量改进计划、质量制度执行以及体系运行考核上，确保通过质量考核，使今年的质量损失率比去年降低10%--15%。
以上措施将有助于公司实现销售收入万元，利润万元的目标，提升客户满意度，增强企业核心竞争力。
Cost Management:This year。
we will focus on "increasing ___" to improve the economic benefits of the company。
We will streamline and standardize the financial management system of the company according to the requirements of unified management and separate accounting of financial work。
Programs - Connecting Young Adults and Libraries年轻的成年人与图书馆连接程序
Connecting Young Adults and Libraries
BEST PRACTICE
Contest to bulletin board: librarians gave a theme and students created the
Connecting Young Adults and Libraries
evaluated. Be highly interactive on the teens own time
and always available Be almost spontaneous
connectingya
WHO is the audience and what are their needs
Physical activity: Competence and Achievement: Self-Definition: Creative Expression: Positive Social Interaction with Peers
and Adults Structure and Clear Limits Meaningful Particconinpecatingtyiaon
Connecting Young Adults and Libraries
BEST PRACTICE
T-shirt decoration: teens create their own tshirts to wear when they
Connecting Young Adults and Libraries
16-17-Able to give opinions while taking multiple factors into consideration, looking for practical applications of information, have developed niche inctoennrecetinsgytas.
China’s_Practice_of_Whole-Process_People’s_Democra
ON March 4 and 5, the fifth session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and the fifth Session of the 13thNational People’s Congress (NPC), known as the Two Sessions, opened in Beijing back-to-back. They are major events in the political life of the Chinese people, and the best windows for the world to observe China’s practice of whole-process people’s democracy.During the Two Sessions, NPC deputies and CP-PCC members from all regions, ethnic groups and walks of life in China bring the people’s voices and aspirations to the meetings where they discuss na-tional affairs, seek development plans, and pursue shared goals together. This is the process of unify-ing thoughts and reaching consensus, and also the process of promoting the implementation of tasks. When people’s aspirations are in line with the will of the Party and the state, and when the members and deputies bring the spirit of the Two Sessions back to the grassroots and sow it in the hearts of more people, China will grow stronger.In Accordance with China’s National ConditionsThe political system a country implements and the development path it chooses are major issues that matter immensely for the future of the country and the happiness of its people.China’s Practice of Whole-Process People’s DemocracyByKANG KAIThe Two Sessions are institutional platforms that demonstrate the remarkable advantages of demo-cratic politics with Chinese characteristics. The deputies to people’s congresses are representative of the people, as they live among the people and best represent them; CPPCC members have the political advantage of being of one mind, the intellectual ad-vantage of having a pool of talent, and the sectoral advantage of having a wide range of contacts.In September 1954, the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China was adopted at the first session of the First National People’s Congress,formally establishing China’s fundamental political system – the system of people’s congresses.The system of people’s congresses is an impor-tant part of the socialist system with Chinese char-acteristics, and an important institutional vehicle for realizing whole-process people’s democracy in China.Over the past 73 years since the founding of New China, the Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), have stead-fastly followed the path of socialist political devel-opment with Chinese characteristics. It is a path that has ensured that the people manage affairs ofpeople’s congressesThe system ofpeople’s con-gresses is animportant part of the socialist system with Chinese charac-teristics, and an important insti-tutional vehiclefor realizingwhole-process people’s democ-racy in China.Whole-process people's democracy can be seen in various aspects of chinese political life.the state, the economy, culture, and society through various channels and in many forms in accordance with the law, and ensured that the country’s future and destiny remains firmly in the people’s own hands.In September 1949, the first plenary session of the CPPCC was successfully held. The CPPCC isan organization of the Chinese people’s patriotic united front, an important system of CPC-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation, and a critical form and part of the promotion of whole-process socialist democracy in the People’s Republic of China. It also serves as a vital channel and a spe-cialized consultative body for socialist consultative democracy with Chinese characteristics, as well as an important component and institutional arrange-ment of China’s national governance system. Over the past 70-odd years, under the leadership of the CPC and with the themes of unity and de-mocracy in mind, the CPPCC has been working on the central tasks of the Party and the state and has played an important role in each of the various his-torical periods of New China’s development includ-ing socialist revolution, construction, and reform. Democracy is a common value shared by all hu-mankind, but there is no unified model of democ-racy that can be applied to all countries. Only when each country focuses on its own objective reality and its own historical and cultural traditions can it find a democratic path that suits its own national conditions.“Whether a country is democratic or not should be judged by its people instead of those foreign mi-norities who point fingers at other country’s affairs,”Chinese President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, pointed out. “It is in itself undemocratic to use a single yardstick to measure the rich and varied political systems and examine the diverse political civilizations of hu-manity from a monotonous perspective.”After a long period of practice and exploration, China has established a socialist democratic system with Chinese characteristics that is in line with its national conditions: the system of people’s con-gresses, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, the system of grassroots democracy, and the system of CPC-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation. These systems not only adhere to the fundamental principles of socialism, but also draw on the beneficial achievements of institutional con-struction at home and abroad throughout history. They are advanced systems featuring distinctive Chinese characteristics, great institutional advan-tages, and strong capabilities of self-improvement, and are the fundamental institutional guarantee for China’s development and progress.Whole-process people’s democracy is a brand-new political system that is explored by the CPC. As a socialist people’s democracy born in China, it has ensured the people’s status as masters of the coun-try, has broken the myth of Western democracy, and has set out on a democratic path with Chinese characteristics. This democratic practice demon-strates extraordinary vitality and vigor. At the same time, it contributes Chinese wisdom and solutions to the world’s political civilization and provides a useful reference for the exploration of democratic systems for other countries.People-Centered PhilosophyEnsuring people’s status as masters of the coun-try is the essence and core of socialist democraticpolitics.Deputy to the Municipal People’s Congress Zhu Qin listens to migrant workers’ suggestions at a workshop of Tianzhicheng Textiles Co., Ltd. in Deqing County of Huzhou in east China’s province of Zhejiang on June 18, 2021.The report to the 19th CPC National Congress states, “The very purpose of developing socialist democracy is to give full expression to the will of the people, protect their rights and interests, spark their creativity, and provide systemic and institutional guarantees to ensure the people run the country.”The political development path of socialism with Chinese characteristics under the leadership of the Communist Party of China undoubtedly reflects a people-centered development philosophy. General Secretary Xi noted, “Democracy is not an ornament to be used for decoration; it is to be used to solve the problems that the people want solved.”The most valuable essence of China’s democracy is that “it works” and it advances social civilization and benefits the 1.4 billion Chinese people.At the Two Sessions, deputies and members put forward proposals and suggestions, ranging fromnational legislations, national economic and social development plans, fiscal budget plans and supervi-sion of their execution, to regulation of educational agencies that provide extra-curricular training, improvement to elderly care systems in rural areas, measures addressing the housing difficulties in big cities, and assistance for empty nesters. They dis-cuss solutions to social issues that affect people’s lives, which engrave the people-centered philosophy in the process of democratic practices with Chinese characteristics.The whole-process people’s democracy has not only ensured the people’s status as masters of the country, but also pooled the powerful strength of the Chinese people to promote reform and de-velopment. The system effectively guarantees the people’s wide participation in national and social management, helping China make great strides in increasing its economic, scientific, technological and composite national strength as well as people’s living standards. China has now become the world’s second largest economy, largest industrial country, largest goods trader, and largest holder of foreign exchange reserves. Its gross domestic product (GDP) exceeds RMB 100 trillion, per capita GDP exceeds US $10,000, urbanization rate exceeds 60 percent, and the middle-income group exceeds 400 million people.Through extensive and in-depth democratic con-sultation, the Two Sessions bring together people’sexpectations, wisdom, and strength. Other thanthat, common understanding and interests emerge,and solutions are found. That is a process of pro-moting democracy, drawing on wisdom and build-ing consensus, and it is also a process of scientificand democratic decision-making.Ensuring and supporting the people’s status asmasters of the country is not a slogan or an emptypromise, but is a philosophy which has been ad-opted in every aspect of the country’s political andsocial life.In each of the more than 500,000 administrativevillages of all sizes in China, a wall known as the“wall for acknowledgement” can be seen where thevillage’s collective financial income and expendi-ture, lists of poor family receiving assistance, theutilization of various agricultural funds, electionannouncements, the latest government policy, andso on are put on display for public knowledge.There are more than 2,800 secretaries of CPCcounty committees working in rural areas. Theirconcerns may differ greatly, but they share a com-mon aspiration and goal, which is to let everyperson live a good life.In each city, the city and district deputies to thepeople’s congresses go to the grassroot, and listen topeople’s voices and needs so as to better solve theirtroubles.CPPCC members fromGuang’an City, SichuanProvince, inspect afarmers’ market inGuang’an District tocome up with a plan toimprove the construc-tion and developmentof such markets onMay 27, 2020.In China, whole-process people’s democracy has become the most extensive, the most real, and the most effective democracy.Whole-Process DemocracyWhole-process people’s democracy is a thor-ough and all-round democracy covering all aspects, characterized not only by complete institutional procedures, but also complete participation. This is the charm of whole-process people’s democracy, which gives everyone the opportunity to become a participant in national decision-making.Whole-process people’s democracy ensures that the people engage in not only democratic elections, but also decision-making, management, and super-vision in accordance with the law.Democratic election: Deputies to the NPC are elected through multi-level rounds of voting from the bottom to the top. In China, 2.62 million people serve as deputies to people’s congresses at various levels nationwide, from all social groups, regions, ethnic groups, and sectors. Among them, those at county and township levels account for 94.5 per-cent of the total who are elected by voters on a one-person-one-vote basis. NPC deputies come from all walks of life, a large proportion of which are work-ers, farmers, and intellectuals from the grassroots, and the least populated ethnic minorities also have their own deputies. This is markedly different from the Western democratic system where the legis-lature has interest groups and the resulting “veto-based politics.”Democratic decision-making: In China, any major decision that may affect the overall plan is made following a set of democratic procedures which requires the broadest consultations between all parties. The Draft Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Econmic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives through the Year 2035, which were reviewed by the deputies and members of the Two Sessions last year, can be said to be a typical example of whole-process democracy. To prepare for the 14th Five-Year Plan, Xi person-ally led the drafting of the plan. He insisted that a combination of adopting top-level design and asking people for advice be implemented, so he paid visits to various localities for inspections and research,and presided over seven seminars. He also promotedfor the first time an online solicitation of publicopinion, through which a total of more than 1.018million suggestions from netizens were collected.During the Two Sessions of 2021, Xi went to differ-ent groups four times to listen carefully to the viewsand suggestions made by the deputies and mem-bers from various aspects. Members and deputiesintently reviewed and discussed the draft. Finally, 55amendments were made to the draft after consider-ing all the opinions and suggestions received. Fromits preparation to release, this scientific, democratic,and law-based decision-making process demon-strates the essence of whole-process democracy.Democratic management: The people man-age state and social affairs, economic and culturalundertakings through various ways and in multipleforms. People build, share, and develop together,and become the masters of the state, society, andtheir destiny.Democratic supervision: After a long periodof development, the Party and state supervisionsystem has been continuously improved so that atight supervision network takes shape to ensure afull coverage of democracy.In the practice of Chinese socialist democracy,the entire process of democratic election, demo-cratic decision-making, democratic management,and democratic supervision ensures the unificationof process and resultant democracy formal andsubstantive, as well as direct and indirect democ-racy, avoiding hypocritical democracy as in Westerncountries where “people are awakened only at thetime of election and go into dormancy afterwards”and “state power is in the grip of a few elite.”The whole-process people’s democracy maxi-mizes national cohesion and fully mobilizes theenthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of hundreds ofmillions of people. The development and continu-ous improvement of whole process people’s democ-racy guarantees the success of China’s path and willsurely cement the foundation to realize the greatrejuvenation of the Chinese nation and long-termstability of the country. CKang Kai is a special commentator with ChinaToday.mobilizeThe whole-pro-cess people’sdemocracymaximizes na-tional cohesionand fully mobi-lizes the enthu-siasm, initiative,and creativity ofhundreds of mil-lions of people.。
广东省深圳翠园中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试(五月段考)英语试题
广东省深圳翠园中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试（五月段考）英语试题一、单项选择1．The last time we had great fun was __________ we were visiting the Water Park.A．where B．how C．when D．why2．--- Could you do me a favor?--- It depends on ______ it is.A．which B．whicheverC．what D．whatever3．Modern science has given evidence _________ smoking can lead to many diseases.A．what B．whichC．that D．where4．I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What5．— Could you share with us what contributes to your success?— It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years to achieve.A．is; takes B．are; takes C．are; take D．is; take 6．—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his essay there ever since.A．wrote B．had written C．has been writing D．is writing 7．—Did you have difficulty finding Ann'house?—Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it easily。
2024年河南省洛阳市宜阳县中考二模英语试题
2024年河南省洛阳市宜阳县中考二模英语试题一、阅读理解Humans have created artworks influenced by nature for thousands of years.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What material isn’t mentioned to create statues according to the passage?A．Fallen leaves. B．Soil. C．Branches. D．Stones.2．How many sections are there in “The Four Seasons”?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.3．Who created I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud?A．Andy Coldoworthy. B．William Wordsworth.C．Antonio Vivaldi. D．Robert Gillmor.4．What made Robert Gillmor want to create artwork?A．Flowers. B．Plants.C．Birds. D．Rivers.5．Why does the writer mention these artists in the text?A．To show his opinion. B．To lead in the topic.C．To make a comparison. D．To introduce different ways.Jia Ling is popular with people of all ages. She had been quietly working on her fitness journey for the past one and a half years. Before the Spring Festival, the well-known star shared that she lost weight for a new movie role during her break.In 2021, Jia Ling directed her first film Hi, Mom!, which turned out to be a huge success. The movie made $1.12 billion and became the third most-watched movie in China. The film told a warm story between mother and daughter, which moved so many people.In 2023, she announced her new project titled YOLO (《热辣滚烫》), in which she will serve as both director and lead actress.Pictures from the movie were introduced to the public, and Jia Ling looks totally different in them. According to Jia Ling, she worked hard and lost 50 kg in six months to play a boxer (拳击手) through strict training and hard work.People were shocked by her change, with some wondering how difficult it was to go through with the process. “I’m super envious (羡慕的) of those who have the strength to put their mind to losing so much weight,” a message left on the Internet. Others also left messages reminding Jia Ling to take care of her health.The film was shown in most cinemas. Now you can see it on the Internet. If you are interested, it’s a good idea to see the film with your family together.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
跨文化商务交际-unit 3General View of Intercultural Communication
In hierarchical cultures, decisions are made by leaders, and subordinates carry out the leaders’ orders without question.
In egalitarian cultures, leaders and subordinates work collaboratively to make decisions and execute them.
在跨文化管理方面他是世界上最早的权威曾编著或合著的书包括跨文化人员管理21世纪的21领导者和全球最畅销书riding21世纪以来世界各国正逐步融入一个相互依赖的全球经济体系中国际经贸合作不断加强跨国合资越来越普遍
Text 1 Your Brain on Culture
2. The cultural clashes used to be limited by physical distance, while due to air travel and the Internet, communication becomes globalized; therefore cultural clashes are more frequent than they used to be. （依据第一篇课文第4自然段的内容。）
2. Lock-heed Martin Loses Out on Contract in India. 【译文】洛克希德·马丁公司在印度输掉了合同。
【注】Lock-heed Martin，全称洛克希德·马丁空间 系统公司（Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company） 前身是洛克西德公司（Lockheed Corporation），创建 于1912年，是一家美国航空航天制造商。公司在1995年 与马丁·玛丽埃塔合并，并更名为为洛克希德·马丁公 司。目前洛克希德·马丁的总部位于马里兰州蒙哥马利 县的贝塞斯达。洛克希德·马丁经营范围涉及发展、生 产和经销军用、民用飞机；发展、生产导弹和空间系统； 发展、生产军用电子系统；提供信息及技术服务等。公 司的经营目标是成为世界上最好的航空航天、防务和技 术服务领域的集成商。
工作坊学员发言稿英语
Good morning/afternoon! It is with great pleasure that I stand before you today to share my thoughts and experiences as a participant in this workshop. Over the past few days, I have been exposed to a wealth of knowledge and practical skills that have not only enriched my professional life but also ignited a spark within me to strive for continuous improvement.First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the organizers of this workshop for providing us with such an exceptional learning opportunity. The facilitators and speakers have demonstrated exceptional expertise in their respective fields, and their passion for knowledge has inspired us all.During this workshop, I have gained valuable insights into the importance of effective communication. As a professional, I understand that the ability to convey ideas and information clearly and effectively is crucial for success. The interactive sessions and group activities have allowed me to practice and refine my communication skills, and I am now better equipped to handle various situations in the workplace.One of the highlights of the workshop was the session on leadership. The speaker emphasized the significance of empathy, trust, and delegation in leading a team. These principles have not only broadened my perspective on leadership but also encouraged me to reflect on my own leadership style. I am now more aware of the areas where I can improve and develop a more inclusive and supportive leadership approach.Another area that I found particularly beneficial was the focus on time management and productivity. The workshop provided us with practical strategies and techniques to optimize our workday and minimize distractions. I am now more disciplined in setting priorities, managing deadlines, and avoiding procrastination. These changes havesignificantly improved my productivity and overall job satisfaction.Moreover, the workshop has equipped me with essential skills in conflict resolution. We were taught how to identify the root causes of conflicts, communicate effectively during disagreements, and find mutually beneficial solutions. These skills are invaluable in maintaining aharmonious work environment and fostering positive relationships with colleagues.One of the most impactful aspects of the workshop was the opportunity to network with fellow participants. The diverse backgrounds and experiences of the attendees have provided me with a wealth of perspectives and ideas. Through our interactions, I have formed meaningful connections and established a strong support system. I am confident that these relationships will prove to be beneficial both professionally and personally.Furthermore, the workshop has encouraged me to embrace lifelong learning. In today's rapidly evolving world, continuous development is crucial for staying competitive and relevant. I am now more motivated to seek out new resources, attend seminars, and pursue further education to enhance my skills and knowledge.In conclusion, I am grateful for the knowledge, skills, and experiences I have gained during this workshop. The insights and tools provided have not only improved my professional abilities but also enriched mypersonal growth. As I return to my workplace, I am committed to implementing the lessons learned and sharing my newfound knowledge with my colleagues.I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to the organizers, facilitators, and speakers for their dedication and hard work. Their efforts have made this workshop an unforgettable experience. I highly recommend this workshop to anyone seeking to enhance their professional skills and personal development.In closing, I leave you with a quote from the renowned author and speaker, Jim Rohn: "Formal education will make you a living; self-education will make you a fortune." This workshop has been a significant step towards my self-education journey, and I am excited about thefuture possibilities it holds.Thank you for your attention, and may we all continue to grow and excelin our respective fields.Best regards, [Your Name]。
2023-2024学年上海市浦东新区七年级上学期期中考试英语试题
2023-2024学年上海市浦东新区七年级上学期期中考试英语试题1. Tourists can see many ________ /'eɪnʃənt/ buildings in Beijing.2. The brave man ________ / 'reskjuːd/ the boy who fell into the river last Saturday.3. Please come in and take a seat ________ /'ɒpəzɪt / to me.4. I think Anna is a very ________ ['speʃl] friend.5. Thousands of _________ /ˈfɒrənəz/ come to visit the Great Wall every year.6. Bob is ________ SPCA officer and he wears ________ uniform at work.A．a; an B．an; a C．an; an D．a; a7. Andy likes puppies very much. He’d like to keep a puppy ________ a pet.A．to B．with C．for D．as8. Put the rug ________ the TV set and the sofa, please.A．on B．above C．between D．among9. Our Art teacher let us________ some crayons and paint to class next time.A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes10. I saw him ________ in the study room the whole morning.A．worked B．to work C．working D．work11. You’d better ask ________ to leave the room quickly.A．he B．him C．his D．himself12. You should keep your bedroom ________.A．clean and tidy B．cleanly and tidy C．cleanly and tidily D．clean and tidily 13. Many young people think shopping on Taobao makes their life much ________ than before.A．easy B．easily C．more easily D．easier14. There are more than six __________ students in our school.A．hundreds B．hundred C．hundreds of D．hundred of 15. —Jason, please turn down the music. ________ Juliet ________ Cecilia are sleeping. —Sorry, I’ll do it right away.A．Both; and B．Either; or C．So; that D．Neither; nor 16. ________ useful information I found on Baidu!A．How B．What C．What a D．What an17. You don’t need to talk to the class teacher. I ________ him everything already.A．will tell B．am telling C．have told D．told18. The girl would like to be a teacher ________ she loves children.A．when B．but C．because D．so19. —________ is it from your new flat to school?—It’s about half an hour’s walk.A．How long B．How far C．How many D．How much 20. —Let’s go to Shanghai Museum tomorrow.— ________A．You’re welcome B．That’s a good idea.C．It doesn’t matter.D．That’s all right.A.bottomB. showsC. bothD. historicE. wayF. topG. braveCulture is the root of a city and cultural activities are an important 21 of building its image (形象). As Hangzhou is hosting the 19th Asian Games, Chinese 22 culture are shown to the world. People can find many cultural elements in the Hangzhou Asian Games. For example, we can see Liangzhu culture (良渚文化) from the torch (火炬). The 23 of the torch is like a jade cong (玉琮). Besides the torch, the mascots (吉祥物) of the Hangzhou Asian Games also stand for Liangzhu culture. One of the mascots, Congcong 24 the spirit(精神) of Liangzhu culture. On its head, there are some “man-and-beast patterns (神人兽面纹)”. The pattern means being 25 . Also, the design of the mascot of the Asian Para Games, Feifei is from the “divine bird (神鸟)” in Liangzhu culture. The pattern on 26 its wings and its face are classic in Liangzhu culture.27. I will call my mother when I arrive __________. (safe)28. The teacher found out who was responsible for the __________ windows. (break)29. There are two ________, a big wardrobe and a bed in the new room. (shelf)30. There are many tall ________ on both sides of the street. (build)31. My cousin has made friends with a lot of people from ________. (British)32. People from different countries will have an ________ football match.(national)33. I have lived in Shanghai for more than thirty years.（对划线部分提问）__________ __________ have you lived in Shanghai?34. They drove quickly to the scene of the accident. (改为否定句)They ________ ________ quickly to the scene of the accident.35. I spent thirty minutes cleaning my bedroom yesterday. (保持原句意思)It ________ me thirty minutes to ________ my bedroom yesterday.36. She likes modern buildings. She likes ancient buildings better. (两句合并成一句)She ________ ancient buildings ________ the modern ones.37. I have bought some food and drinks for the picnic. (改为一般疑问句)________ you ________ any food and drinks for the picnic?38. furniture, is busy moving, some, flat, the, my, removal man, to (连词成句)__________________________________________________.Have you ever heard of leaf painting? It has a history of more than 2,000 years in China.Ding Li is 27 years old. He comes from Xianning City, Hubei Province. He has spent many years learning leaf art and has opened his own workshop in his hometown.Ding Li started to learn painting at the age of five. At age 12, he began to learn carving (雕刻). When he first found out about leaf painting at the age of thirteen, he fell in love with the art.Making leaf paintings is quite complicated. First, Ding Li needs to choose fine leaves from mountains in Yunnan. Then, he goes through over 60 steps (步骤) such as cutting and drying. It takes about two to three months to finish all of these steps.Ding Li has spent one year making the ancient painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival. He painted it on ten leaves.Before Ding Li makes each painting, he first learns its history to make his artwork more detailed (详细的). “I want to tell stories through my leaf paintings,” he says.Ding Li’s works are very popular. On October 28, 2018, two of his works won the second prize at an art show between China and Japan.39. Where is Ding Li’s workshop?A．In Hebei. B．In Hubei. C．In Yunnan. D．In Guangxi.40. Ding Li found out leaf painting when he was ________.A．5 B．9 C．12 D．1341. The underlined word “complicated” in the passage probably means “________” in Chinese.A．复杂的B．枯燥的C．精巧的D．轻松的42. From the above reading, we can learn that ________.A．leaf painting is a new kind of artB．Ding Li picks up leaves in his hometownC．Ding Li paints each artwork on one leafD．Ding Li works hard at his leaf paintings43. Which of the following can be the best title?A．A Young Man’s DreamB．How to Learn Leaf PaintingsC．Leaves Become Fine ArtD．Traditional Art Is PopularWhat do you do when you meet a problem while doing your homework? Andy would take out his smart phone, open a special app and searched for the homework. Answers soon appeared(出现) on the screen.Nowadays, many students do homework ________ the help of the Internet like Andy. They search online, use apps or discuss through social networks like QQ and We Chat.“It’s convenient(方便的). You ________ wait or get a tutor(导师) on the spot(地点、场所),” Andy said. “You also learn by seeing how others work them out.”It also improves students’ abilities, said John, another student. He said it’s e specially ________ for new types of homework.John’s Chinese teacher often asks students to give speeches on great writers. When it comes to his turn, he usually searches online, picks out certain stories and makes PowerPoint presentations.“I’ve become skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office.” John said. However, many students think this trend(趋势) also brings up problems. Some students just copy the answers online without thinking. They become lazy.A head teacher in Andy and Jo hn’s school said that knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control.“No matter how ________ the problem is. Think about it independently(独立地) first.” the teacher said. “Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers, or you won’t make progress(进步). If you don’t have confidence about your ________, ask your parents for help.”44.A．without B．with C．under D．in45.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t to C．don’t have to D．mustn’t46.A．wrong B．useless C．harmful D．true47.A．new B．easy C．different D．difficult48.A．power B．self-control C．ability D．spiritThe 19th Asian Games have ignited (点燃) the sports market in the host city. Many locals would like to join in some sports activities during the eight-day Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day Holidays, driven by the exciting atmosphere(气氛) of the Asian Games. Sports lover Xiao Gai plans to s 49 her holiday playing badminton. As a company worker, she believes that keeping a work life balance is i 50 . “For my own physical and mental health, I always make sure to exercise r 51 . I play badminton once or twice a week after work. During the holiday, I’ll probably go a few more times.” People would like to try d 52 sports and join in all kinds of sporting activities. “I live here, and I can feel that more people are willing to join in sports activities. Just recently, a self-service tennis court has opened, and many people have gone to give it a try. Therefore, sports activities have b 53 really popular.” The sports market has continued to grow, gyms in Hangzhou are striving to keep up with demand (需求).Living on the ISSHello everyone, my name is Jessica Meir. I am an astronaut. I work on the International Space Station (国际空间站，缩写为ISS) as a flight engineer. Today, I will tell you something about what life is like on the ISS.The ISS has over 425 cubic meters (立方米) of living space. I work here with astronauts from Asia, North America and some European countries. When we are on the ISS, we have to follow a detailed daily schedule. It tells us when to get up, eat, exercise, work, relax and go to sleep. We spend abouttwo hours each day exercising. Without regular exercise, we would lose a certain amount of muscle and bone due to the microgravity (微重力) environment in space.The food we eat is specifically designed for space missions. Some foods, such as cakes, can be eaten in space just the way they are eaten on the Earth. But some other foods are real challenges. For example, when you’re in space, you can’t shake salt onto food, because the salt would float away. As a result, we have to use special liquid salt.When we are not busy doing experiments on the ISS, we can relax and have fun in a variety of ways. Like most of you, we listen to music, read books, play cards, watch movies and talk with our family members.As you can see, the microgravity environment in space brings many challenges that don’t exis t on the Earth. Would you like to live for some time on the ISS?54. Jessica Meir isn’t a flight engineer, is she?____________________55. Where are the astronauts on the ISS from?____________________56. How long do the astronauts spend on exercising every day?____________________57. What would happen if Jessica shook salt onto her food on the ISS?____________________58. How do Jessica and other astronauts relax and have fun on the ISS?____________________59. Would you like to live for some time on the ISS? Why or why not?____________________60. According to the following information, write a letter of at least 60 words to Tom.（根据所给信息给Tom写一封不少于60词的信。
轻量级密码——精选推荐
New Light-Weight Crypto Algorithms for RFID Axel Poschmann,Gregor Leander,Kai Schramm,and Christof PaarHorst G¨o rtz Institute for IT-Security,Ruhr-University Bochum,GermanyEmail:{poschmann,schramm,cpaar}@crypto.rub.de,****************.deAbstract—We propose a new block cipher,DESL(DES Lightweight extension),which is strong,compact and efficient1.Due to its low area constraints DESL is especially suited for RFID(Radio Frequency Iden-tification)devices.DESL is based on the classical DES(Data Encryption Standard)design,however,unlike DES it uses a single S-box repeated eight times.This approach makes it possible to considerably decrease chip size requirements.The S-box has been highly optimized in such a way that DESL resists common attacks,i.e.,linear and differential cryptanalysis, and the Davies-Murphy-attack.Therefore DESL achieves a security level which is appropriate for many applications.Furthermore,we propose a light-weight implementation of DESL which requires45%less chip size and86%less clock cycles than the best AES implementations with regard to RFID pared to the smallest DES implementation published,our DESL design requires38%less transistors.Our0.18µm DESL implementation requires a chip size of7392transistors(1848gate equivalences)and is capable to encrypt a64-bit plaintext in144clock cycles.When clocked at100kHz,it draws an average current of only 0.89µA.These hardwarefigures are in the range of the best eSTREAM streamcipher candidates,comprising DESL as a new alternative for ultra low-cost encryption.I.I NTRODUCTIONRFID(Radio Frequency Identification)tags have numer-ous applications,ranging from supply chain optimization to ehealth.Basically,RFID tags consist of a transponder and an antenna and are able to remotely send and receive data from an RFID host or reader device.In general,RFID tags can be divided into passive and active devices:active tags provide their own power supply(i.e.in form of a battery),whereas passive tags solely rely on the energy of the carrier signal transmitted by the reader device.Passive RFID devices are not only much less expensive,but also require less chip size and have a longer life cycle[1].Our proposed DESL algorithm and its low-power,size-optimized implementation aims at very constrained devices such as passive RFID tags.Providing cryptographic primitives (esp.encryption)at extremely low cost is of paramount im-portance for securing RFID applications.Thus far,there have been two approaches for providing cryptographic primitives for such situations:•Optimized low-cost implementations for standardized and trusted algorithms,which means in practice in essence block ciphers such as AES[2],see e.g.,[3].•Design new ciphers with the goal of having low hardware implementation costs2The best known light-weight AES implementation[3]re-quires3400gates and draws a maximum current of3.0µA 1Part of this work has already been presented at RFIDSec’06,a non-proceeding workshop.2see, e.g.,the profile2algorithms of the eStream project at /stream/@100kHz.This AES design is based on a byte-per-byte serialization,which only requires the implementation of a single S-box[4]and achieves one encryption within1032 clock cycles(=10.32ms@100kHz).Unfortunately,the ISO/IEC18000standard requires that the latency of a response of an RFID tag does not exceed320µs,which is why [3]proposes a slightly modified challenge-response protocol based on interleaving.The problem with this approach is that AES like most modern block ciphers was primarily designed with good software implementation properties in mind,and not necessarily with hardware-friendly properties.The only known cipher that was designed with a strong focus on low hardware costs is the Data Encryption Standard,DES[5].If we compare a standard,one-round implementation of AES and DES,the latter consumes about6%(!)of the logic resources of AES,while having a shorter critical path[6],[7].Therefore, we decided to follow the second approach and modify the hardware efficient and very well investigated cipher DES. The main design ideas of the new cipher family,which are either original DES efficiently implemented or a variant of DES,are:1)Use of a serial hardware architecture which reduces thegate complexity.2)Optionally apply key-whitening in order to render brute-force attacks impossible.3)Optionally replace the8original S-Boxes by a singleone which further reduces the gate complexity.If we make use of thefirst idea,we obtain a light-weight implementation of the original DES algorithm which consumes about35%less gates than the best known AES implementation[3].To our knowledge,this is the smallest reported DES implementation,trading area for throughput. The implementation requires also about86%fewer clock cycles for encrypting of one block than the serialized AES implementation in[3](1032cycles vs.144)which makes it easier to use in standardized RFID protocols.However,the security provided is limited by the56bit key.Brute forcing this key space takes a few months and hundreds of PCs in software, and only a few days with a special-purpose machine such as COPACOBANA[8].Hence,this implementation is only relevant for application where short-term security is needed,or where the values protected are relatively low.However,we can imagine that in certain low cost applications such a security level is adequate.In situation where a higher security level is needed key whitening,which we define here as follows:DESX k.k1.k2(x)=k2⊕DES k(k1⊕x),can be added to standard DES,yielding DESX.The bank of XOR gates increase the gate count by about14%3.The best known key search attack uses a time-memory trade-off and requires2120 time steps and264memory locations,which renders this attack entirely out of reach.The best known mathematical attack is linear cryptanalysis[9].LC requires about243chosen ciphertext blocks together with the corresponding plainttexts. At a clock speed of500kHz,our DESX implementation will take more than80years,so that analytical attacks do not pose a realistic threat.Please note that parallelization is only an option if devices with identical keys are available.In situations where extremely light-weight cryptography is needed,we can further decrease the gate complexity of DES by replacing the eight original S-Boxes by a single new one. This light-weight variant of DES is named DESL and has a brute-force resistance of256.In order to strengthen the cipher, key whitening can be applied yielding the ciphers DESXL.The crucial question is what the strength of DESL and DESXL is with respect to analytical attacks.We are fully aware that any changes to a cipher might open the door to new attacks,even if the changes have been done very carefully and checked against known attacks.Hence,we believe that DESL(or DESXL) should primarily not be viewed as competitors to AES,but should be used in applications where established algorithms are too costly.In such applications which have to trade security (really:trust in an algorithm)for cost,we argue that it is a cryptographically sounder approach to modestly modify a well studied cipher(in fact,the world’s best studied crypto algorithm),rather than designing a new algorithm altogether. II.L IGHTWEIGHT I MPLEMENTATION OF DES AND DESL In this section we present a size-optimized design of DES, which is smaller than any previous implementations of DES to our knowledge.A.Design Considerations and Implementation of DESThe overall architecture of our size-optimized DES imple-mentation is depicted in Figure1.Our design basically consists offive core modules:mem right,keyschedule,controller,and sbox.The controller module manages all control signals in the ASIC based on thefinite state machine depicted in Figure3.In the keyschedule module all DES round keys are generated.It is composed of a56-bit register,an input multiplexor,and an output multiplexor to select the right fraction of the roundkey.The memright module is similar to the memleft and mem left is modified by the inverse of the P permutation and stored in the registers 5Note that the design in a shift register manner in this module saves even more transistors(288,72GE)than in the memof the modules mem right in one cycle.Next, the output of the last register in memright and expanded to six bits. After an XOR operation with the appropriate block of the current round key,this expanded value is processed by the sbox module,which is selected by the count signal,provided by the controller module.Finally,the result is XORed with the output of the memleft module.This is repeated eight times,until all 32bit of the right half are processed.In our design,we applied the P permutation in each ninth clock cycle.Because the P−1permutation is applied before the left32-bit half L i is stored in the memleft and memleft is transformed by the P permutation and stored as the new content of the memright module is stored as the new content of the memleft and mem1457211811501094613123508151432121176913411049214871301012151511369615538411711220141013TABLE II MPROVED DESL S-BOXthese approaches,despite the fact that some of them have worse cryptographic properties than DES[16],just change the content and not the number of S-boxes.To the best of our knowledge,no DES variant has been proposed in the past which uses a single S-box,repeated eight times.Our work regarding a strengthened S-box is based on the original design criteria for DES as published by Copper-smith[17]and the work of Kim et al.[13]–[15]where several criteria for DES type S-boxes are presented to strengthen the resistance against differential and linear cryptanalysis,and the Davies-Murphy-Attack[18].The mathematical background of this part would go beyond the scope of this special session.Therefore we briefly list our conditions below:1:If two inputs to an S-box differ in theirfirst bit and are identical in their last two bits,the two outputs must not be the same.2:|S W b(a)|≤28for all a∈GF(2)6,b∈GF(2)4.3:S W b(a)≤4for all a∈GF(2)6,b∈GF(2)4with wt(a)=wt(b)=1.4:S Wb(a)≤16for all a∈GF(2)6,b∈GF(2)4with wt(a),wt(b)≤2.5:|S W b1(a)S W b2(a)|≤240for all a∈GF(2)6,b1,b2∈GF(2)4with wt(a)=1,wt(b1+b2)=1.6:S Wb(a)=0for a∈{(010000),(000010)},b∈GF(2)4 with wt(b)=1.7:|S W b1(000010)S W b2(000010)|=0for all b1,b2∈GF(2)4with wt(b1+b2)=1.8:S W(0100)(000100)=0S W b(a)denotes the Walsh-coefficient and wt(x)denotes the Hamming weight of x.We randomly generated S-boxes,which fulfill the original DES criteria(S-1),(S-3),(S-4),(S-5),(S-7) (see[17]),and the above listed conditions1to8.It can be shown,that S-boxes that fullfill these criteria are immune to linear and differential cryptanalysis,and the Davies-Murphy-Attack.Table I shows the S-box,which is used in DESL. C.Implementation of DESLThe main difference between DESL and DES lies in the f-function.We substituted the eight original DES S-boxes by a single but cryptographically stronger S-box,which is repeated eight times.Furthermore,we omitted the initial permutation (IP)and its inverse(IP−1),because they do not provide additional cryptographic strength,but at the same time require area for wiring.The design of our DESL algorithm is exactly the same as for the DES algorithm,except for the(IP)and (IP−1)wiring and the sbox module.The changed sbox modulecycles/Processrel.100kHzDESL10.89DES 1.25 1.19DESX 1.42–DESXL 1.17–340010320.352599–0.131294–0.133048340.25TABLE IIC OMPARISON OF EFFICIENT CIPHERS BASED ON GATE COUNT,CLOCKCYCLES,AND CURRENT CONSUMPTION implements only one S-box.As one can see in Figure2, this module neither needs the count control signal nor an output multiplexor,which saves another192transistors(48 GE).It takes144clock cycles to encrypt one64-bit block of plaintext.For one encryption at100kHz the average current consumption is0.89µA and the throughput reaches5.55KB/s. All results are summarized in Table II.III.R ESULTS AND C ONCLUSIONWe presented our implementation results of DES and DESL in Section II.Table II shows,that our DESL cipher needs 20%less transistors compared with our DES implementation and38%less transistors compared with the implementation in[6].This table also shows,that DESL uses25%less average current than DES.In comparison with the AES design in[3],our design needs45%less gate equivalents and86% less clock cycles as shown in Table II.Note that the AES design in[3]was implemented in a0.35µm standard cell technology,whereas our design was implemented in a0.18µm standard cell technology.Therefore a fair comparison is only possible with regard to the gate equivalences.Regarding area consumption,our DESL is competitive even to stream ciphers recently proposed within the eSTREAM project[19].More interesting,DESL would be the second smallest stream cipher in terms of gate count compared to all eSTREAM candidates (see Table II).Due to the low current consumption and the small chip size required for our DESL design,it is especially suited for resource limited applications,for example RFID tags and wireless sensor nodes.Finally,we can conclude,that DESL is more secure against linear and differential cryptanalysis and the Davies-Murphy attack,more size-optimized,and more power efficient than DES,which makes it especially suited for RFID applications. Furthermore,DESL is worth to be considered as an alternative for stream ciphers.IV.A CKNOWLEDGMENTSThe work presented in this paper was supported in part by the European Commission within the STREP UbiSec&Sens of the EU Framework Pro-gramme6for Research and Development(). The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements,either expressed or implied,of the UbiSec&Sens project or the European Commission.R EFERENCES[1]K.Finkenzeller,RFID-Handbook:Fundamentals and Applications inContactless Smart Cards and Identification.John Wiley and Sons, 2003.[2]“Advanced Encryption Standard(AES),”National Institute of Standardsand Technology(NIST),Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)Publication197,November2001.[3]M.Feldhofer,J.Wolkerstorfer,and V.Rijmen,“AES Implementationon a Grain of Sand,”Information Security,IEE Proceedings,vol.152, no.1,pp.13–20,2005.[4]J.Daemen and V.Rijmen,The Design of Rijndael.Springer Verlag,Berlin,2002.[5]“Data Encryption Standard(DES),”National Institute of Standards andTechnology(NIST),Federal Information Processing Standards(FIPS) Publication46-3,October1999.[6]I.Verbauwhede,F.Hoornaert,J.Vandewalle,and H.D.Man,“Securityand Performance Optimization of a New DES Data Encryption Chip,”IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,vol.23,no.3,pp.647–656,1988.[7]K.T.Akashi Satoh,Sumio Morioka and S.Munetoh,“A Compact Rijn-dael Hardware Architecture with S-Box Optimization,”in ASIACRYPT 2001,ser.LNCS,vol.2248.Springer-Verlag,2001,pp.239–254.[8]S.Kumar,C.Paar,J.Pelzl,G.Pfeiffer,and M.Schimmler,“Breaking Ci-phers with COPACOBANA-A Cost-Optimized Parallel Code Breaker,”in Workshop on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems—CHES2006,Yokohama,Japan.Springer Verlag,2006.[9]M.Matsui,“Linear Cryptanalysis of DES Cipher,”in Advances inCryptology—EUROCRYPT’93,T.Hellenseth,Ed.,vol.LNCS0765.Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,1994,pp.286–397.[10]“espresso,”available for download at/pubs/downloads/espresso/index.htm.[11]Biham and Biryukov,“How to Strengthen DES Using Existing Hard-ware,”in ASIACRYPT:Advances in Cryptology–ASIACRYPT:Interna-tional Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology.LNCS, Springer-Verlag,1994,available for download at / biham94how.html.[12] E.Biham and A.Shamir,“Differential Cryptanalysis of the Full16-Round DES,”in CRYPTO’92,1992,pp.487–496,available for down-load at /biham93differential.html.[13]K.Kim,S.Lee,S.Park,and D.Lee,“DES Can Be Immune to LinearCryptanalysis,”in Proceedings of the Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptography SAC’94,May1994,pp.70–81,available for download at /kim94des.html.[14]——,“Securing DES S-boxes Against Three Robust Cryptanalysis,”in Proceedings of the Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptography SAC’95,1995,pp.145–157,”available for download at citeseer.ist.psu.edu/kim95securing.html”.[15]K.Kim,S.Park,and S.Lee,“Reconstruction of s2-DES S-Boxes andtheir Immunity to Differential Cryptanalysis,”in Proceedings of1993 Korea-Japan Joint Workshop on Information Security and Cryptology (JW-ISC’93),October1993,available for download at citeseer.csail.mit.edu/kim93reconstruction.html.[16]L.R.Knudsen,“Iterative Characteristics of DES and s2-DES,”Advancesin Cryptology:Proceedings of CRYPTO’92,pp.497–511,1992. [17] D.Coppersmith,“The Data Encryption Standard(DES)and its StrengthAgainst Attacks,”IBM Journal of Research and Development,IBM Thomas J.Watson Research Center,Technical Report RC186131994, December1994.[18] D.Davies and S.Murphy,“Pairs and Triplets of DES S-Boxes,”Journalof Cryptology,vol.8,no.1,pp.1–25,1995.[Online].Available: /davies93pairs.html[19] F.K.Gurkaynak,“Hardware Evaluation of eSTREAM Candidate Algo-rithms,”available for download at http://asic.ethz.ch/estream/E.png. [20]T.Good and M.Benaissa,“Hardware Results for selected Stream CipherCandidates,”State of the Art of Stream Ciphers2007(SASC2007), Workshop Record,pp.191–204,February2007.[21] D.Hong,J.Sung,S.Hong,J.Lim,S.Lee,B.-S.Koo,C.Lee,D.Chang,J.Lee,K.Jeong,H.Kim,J.Kim,and S.Chee,“HIGHT:A New Block Cipher Suitable for Low-Resource Device,”in Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems—CHES2006,ser.Lecture Notes in Computer Science,L.Goubin and M.Matsui,Eds.,vol.4249.Springer,2006, pp.46–59.。
Unit1WritingWorkshop高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性必修第一册
Unit 1 RELATIONSHIPS
Writing Workshop P18-19
பைடு நூலகம் Get ready for writing
What is an invitation letter?
Invitation: a written or spoken request to come somewhere or do something
2. What do the students have to do in the final around of the competition? A. Write a 100-word composition concerning the topic in English. B. Give a five-minute speech on the topic in English. C. Make a presentation about what they will do for the cause of education.
Would you have time to attend a short meeting at the Student Union Room at 4 pm on 8 May so that we can introduce you to the other judges and discuss the details? We would not take up too much of your time.I sincerely hope you can come. If you have any questions, please do let me know.Yours sincerely,Zhao ZhengPresident, Student Union
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Summary - Learning Points
• Transfer GOOD PRACTICE • Understand your business • Reflect on feedback • Perception is influenced by practice • People management is the key • RADAR - BEST PRACTICE
Yes– open, inventive and responsive – BUT?
DLtrust – One Culture
Different points of view
Meeting the Challenge Improving People Results
Gaps in HR management practice
attend training
Staff Survey
A HARSH but FAIR ASSESSMENT Organisational direction is sound Organisational practice is disjointed and
creates negativity Reality check for HR Management
Positive Response
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1998
Learning & Development
2000
2003
2005
DLT
Benchmark
Trendline
Staff Survey Results (3)
Positive Response
DLTrust
Yes Yes Yes Directorates Yes TU’s ? Yes
No No
What we discovered
EFQM one network Downturn in staff perceptions Volumes of Information Status of HRM targets Uncertainty in range of services delivered No framework for management practice
DLT
2000
Benchmark
2003
2005
Trendline
Staff Survey Results
Consultations & Communications Learning & Development Organisational Climate Me & My Job Overall Job Satisfaction
Down 3% 11% lower Down 5.8% 6% lower
16% higher
Down 14% 12% lower
Same 72% 10% lower
Responding to the Staff Survey
Excuses – developed by me! Information Figures skewed Period of Transition Silent majority Northern Ireland people Staff cannot be released to
Staff Survey Results (1)
Positive Response
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1994
Consultation & Communication
1998
DLT
2000
Benchmark
2003
2005
Trendline
Staff Survey Results (2)
Self Assessing HRM Practice
One Team? Can do Results?
No – Corporate and directorate team focus
Fail to set management targets
A framework? One culture?
No – EFQM and Selfassessment are top of the organisation – there is no performance framework cascaded
Financial performance Performance Targets Staff performance Delivery of Quality Health and Social Care
A Closer Comparison with TNT
TNT Business Strategy
Questions?
If you require further information or advice please contact Billy Bateman at: Tel: 02892 501218 or
e-mail: billy_
Change perception and attitude
Set targets Consider trends Compare with the best in class
Extend partnerships to include people
Meeting the Challenge Improving HRM
TNT – OWL Achieved By
Deployment of EFQM and Selfassessment across all walks of life
Down Lisburn Trust - A Similar Picture?
Strong corporate identity Quality organisation Well organised – competitive teams focussed:
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1994
Organisational Climate
1998 DLT
2000 Benchmark
2003 Trendline
2005
Staff Survey Results (4)
Positive Response
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1998
Best Practice Workshop
“People Results”
Learning from Self-Assessment Billy Bateman
Deputy Director of Human Resources
People Results – Learning from Self Assessment
Good Practice Comparator DLtrust - a comparison Self Assessment - Staff Survey Results Challenge Learning
Best Pra – Achieving
Results through People
Our Way of Life
SELF ASSESSMENT and EFQM
TNT – Our Way of Life
Results the Key driver
Results are pursued through people
People use one approach - OWL
Me & My Job
2000
2003
2005
DLT
Benchmark
Trendline
Staff Survey Results (5)
Positive Response
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1994
Overall Job Satisfaction
1998
Customer Focus, Business Knowledge Manage through process Technical skill and expertise One Team Partnership approach Can do results EFQM a framework for everything we do OWL behaviours