最终版英语句子成分讲解及练习.ppt
合集下载
英语句子成分及结构解析ppt课件
Thank you !
（二）．谓语
谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一 般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助 动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 1．由简单的动词构成。 2．由动词短语构成的谓语。 3．英语常用某些动作名词代替表动态的谓语动词， 表生动。这种动作名词之前常用没有多大意义的 动词have, get, take, give 等。如： 注意：谓语动词要与主语的人称和数一致。
第一种：S+V (主语+谓语动词)
第二种：S+V+O (主语+谓语动词+宾语)
第三种：S+V+P (主语+连系动词+表语)
第四种：S+V+InO+DO (主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
第五种：S+V+O+OC (主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语)
1 、第一种句型：主语+不及物动词(S+V) 该句型所用动词都是不及物动词，其后当
play 演奏 order 命令
sing 唱歌 pay 为……而付钱
简单句的五种基本句型口诀
英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。句型种类为动词，后
接什么是关键；vt.又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见；还有宾
语补足语，各种搭配记心间。
5 第五种句型：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补 语 (S+V(及物动词)+O+OC)
（八）．状语
1、状语（adverbial）是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句 的句子成分。。如：
The girl is improving remarkably. 这个女孩大有进步。 2．可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、
英语句子成分讲解超级详细ppt课件
这个计划证明是可行的。 _T_h_e_p_l_an__tu_r_n_ed__o_u_t/_pr_o_v_e_d_（_t_o_b_e_)_p_r_a_c_tic_a_l_. ________.
认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才 能开始 对症下 药，然 后药到 病除。 近年来 国家对 扶贫工 作高度 重视， 已经展 开了“ 精准扶 贫”项 目
英语的句子成分：
一） 主语：
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
To see is to believe.
to do不定式
Smoking is not allowed in public places. doing动名词 Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 句子
Do you mind opening the window? 动名词
Give me four please.
代词和数词
He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式
We need know whae should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
I left the village five years ago.
时间状语
I arrived late because of the traffic jam . 原因状语
We'll send a car to fetch you.
目的状语
The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving
认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才 能开始 对症下 药，然 后药到 病除。 近年来 国家对 扶贫工 作高度 重视， 已经展 开了“ 精准扶 贫”项 目
英语的句子成分：
一） 主语：
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
To see is to believe.
to do不定式
Smoking is not allowed in public places. doing动名词 Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 句子
Do you mind opening the window? 动名词
Give me four please.
代词和数词
He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式
We need know whae should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
I left the village five years ago.
时间状语
I arrived late because of the traffic jam . 原因状语
We'll send a car to fetch you.
目的状语
The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving
英语句子成分讲解及句子类型ppt课件
表示名 7介. (p词rep.）词 词 他、 和 词代 其 之
间的关 系。
✓He usually stay at home on Sundays.
认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才 能开始 对症下 药，然 后药到 病除。 近年来 国家对 扶贫工 作高度 重视， 已经展 开了“ 精准扶 贫”项 目
8（连. c词onj.）连 或 作接 句 用词 与 。与 句词的
一、主语
主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 主语一般位于__句__首__ 。
1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.
系动词
1）状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be （am,is ,are,was,were,been,being）一词
He is a teacher.
2）持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或
态度，主要有keep, remain, stay
He always kept silent at meeting.
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come
He became mad after that.
6）终止系动词，表示主语已终止动作，主要有
prove, turn out
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。
10. （art.） 冠词
用来限制名 词的意义
英语句子成分讲解(附练习和答案)(课堂PPT)
11
谓语 –说明主语的动作、状态和特征
✓ 必不可少； ✓ 决定句子结构； ✓ 谓语的形式结构-动词
– We study English. – He likes playing the games.
12
宾语 –动作的承受者
• 动宾
– I like China. （名词） – He hates you. （代词） – How many do you need? We need two. （数词） – We should help the old and the poor. – I enjoy working with you. （动名词） – I hope to see you again. （不定式） – Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）
16
定语 – 修饰名词
The boy The cute boy The cute boy in blue jeans The cute boy wearing blue jeans The cute boy who is wearing blue jeans
is my brother.
17
同位语 – 名词短语的补语成分
主
谓
表/主补
(2) the yard looks fine for a while
主
谓 表/主补 时间状语
(3) the not-so-easy way may mean getting down on your hands and knees and pulling out the
主
谓
宾
weeds by the roots.
like instant coffee, they want instant happiness. There are no quick fixes. (10) This attitude
谓语 –说明主语的动作、状态和特征
✓ 必不可少； ✓ 决定句子结构； ✓ 谓语的形式结构-动词
– We study English. – He likes playing the games.
12
宾语 –动作的承受者
• 动宾
– I like China. （名词） – He hates you. （代词） – How many do you need? We need two. （数词） – We should help the old and the poor. – I enjoy working with you. （动名词） – I hope to see you again. （不定式） – Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）
16
定语 – 修饰名词
The boy The cute boy The cute boy in blue jeans The cute boy wearing blue jeans The cute boy who is wearing blue jeans
is my brother.
17
同位语 – 名词短语的补语成分
主
谓
表/主补
(2) the yard looks fine for a while
主
谓 表/主补 时间状语
(3) the not-so-easy way may mean getting down on your hands and knees and pulling out the
主
谓
宾
weeds by the roots.
like instant coffee, they want instant happiness. There are no quick fixes. (10) This attitude
英语句子成分解释主谓宾定状补同位插入语PPT课件
3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有 seem, appear, look , 例如： He seems (to be) very sad.
第10页/共28页
注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语 和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。
4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.
5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如： The river was beginning to run dr y.
6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"结果是;证明是 "， 之意，例如： The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.
• （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如： • They elected him their monitor.
第14页/共28页
•下列动词只能接不定式做宾语
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse,
throw等，例如： He sent the novel to William yesterday.
For : leave, buy, build, choose, cook , draw, find, get, order, post, save 等， 例如： She bought a gif t for her mother.
第10页/共28页
注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语 和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。
4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.
5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如： The river was beginning to run dr y.
6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"结果是;证明是 "， 之意，例如： The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.
• （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如： • They elected him their monitor.
第14页/共28页
•下列动词只能接不定式做宾语
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse,
throw等，例如： He sent the novel to William yesterday.
For : leave, buy, build, choose, cook , draw, find, get, order, post, save 等， 例如： She bought a gif t for her mother.
英语句子成分分析分析解析ppt课件
orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his
illness. He always comes late to school.
We elected him monitor. →He was elected monitor.
He pushed the door open. →The door was pushed open.
认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才 能开始 对症下 药，然 后药到 病除。 近年来 国家对 扶贫工 作高度 重视， 已经展 开了“ 精准扶 贫”项 目
㈠主语
Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.
● Please pass me the book. ● He bought me some flowers. ● I like my job. ● I love you. ● He wanted to leave here. ● They enjoyed playing computer games. ● I didn’t know when to switch the
㈢表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有:
be (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, get, grow, keep, turn, become, come, go ,remain，etc.
illness. He always comes late to school.
We elected him monitor. →He was elected monitor.
He pushed the door open. →The door was pushed open.
认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才 能开始 对症下 药，然 后药到 病除。 近年来 国家对 扶贫工 作高度 重视， 已经展 开了“ 精准扶 贫”项 目
㈠主语
Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.
● Please pass me the book. ● He bought me some flowers. ● I like my job. ● I love you. ● He wanted to leave here. ● They enjoyed playing computer games. ● I didn’t know when to switch the
㈢表语
在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有:
be (am,is,are,were,was), appear, seem, feel, smell, taste, sound, look, get, grow, keep, turn, become, come, go ,remain，etc.
初中英语句子成分讲解及练习 PPT课件 图文
Sunday.（介词短语） 4.When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.（从句
定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数 词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词 或短语等。
单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。 1.The black bike is mine.（形容词） 2.What’s your name?（代词） 3.They make paper flowers.（名词）
主语
主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或 “是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名 词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：
1.Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语） 2.He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语） 3.Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语） 4.To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定
(It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语)
小练习
请指出下列句中主语的中心词。 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking
into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky.
2. She was the first to learn about it. 3. The old man is feeling better now. 4. Why is Mrs. Smith worried about her son? 5. The kids are really interested in joining the chess club
定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数 词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词 或短语等。
单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。 1.The black bike is mine.（形容词） 2.What’s your name?（代词） 3.They make paper flowers.（名词）
主语
主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或 “是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名 词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：
1.Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语） 2.He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语） 3.Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语） 4.To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定
(It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语)
小练习
请指出下列句中主语的中心词。 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking
into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky.
2. She was the first to learn about it. 3. The old man is feeling better now. 4. Why is Mrs. Smith worried about her son? 5. The kids are really interested in joining the chess club
《英语句子成分及基本结构》PPT课件
two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
表语(predicative)
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，
它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一 般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、 不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语 从句表示。
（二）句子的具体成分
• 主语（subject)：主语是一个句子所叙述的 主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、 疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句 中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后 面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、 动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表 示。
1 During the 1990s, American country music has
2主语+系动词+表语(SVC)
• 系动词 • 一 be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were 二 表示变化类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、 go 三 感官动词类: look sound smell taste feel appear, seem 四 表示延续性的动词 ：remain 、stay 、keep
His job is to teach English.（不定式）
His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）
The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词）
The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表
语从句）
英语句子成分和结构(课堂PPT)
9
七. 宾语补足语
英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必 须在宾语后加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。
主要用来说明宾语的特征、状态或身份，主要由形容词 、
名词、副词、介词短语、分词等充当.
E.g. We must keep it a secret.
名词
We try to make our country strong. 形容词
★主语一般在句首。
Walls have ears. 名词 He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词 Smoking is not allowed in public places. 动名词 To teach them English is my job. 不定式 →It is my job to teach them English. ★不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型
My first idea was that you should hide your
feelings.
句子
5
四. 宾语 The Object
表示动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者. 由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充
当，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”。 一般在谓语之后。
E.g. He likes Chinese.
I got up early and bought thirty cards. 主谓 状 连 谓 定 宾
13
五种基本句子结构:
1. 主语+系动词+表语 （主系表） 2. 主语+不及物动词+(其他成分) (主谓) 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语 （主谓宾） 4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
七. 宾语补足语
英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必 须在宾语后加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。
主要用来说明宾语的特征、状态或身份，主要由形容词 、
名词、副词、介词短语、分词等充当.
E.g. We must keep it a secret.
名词
We try to make our country strong. 形容词
★主语一般在句首。
Walls have ears. 名词 He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词 Smoking is not allowed in public places. 动名词 To teach them English is my job. 不定式 →It is my job to teach them English. ★不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型
My first idea was that you should hide your
feelings.
句子
5
四. 宾语 The Object
表示动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者. 由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充
当，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”。 一般在谓语之后。
E.g. He likes Chinese.
I got up early and bought thirty cards. 主谓 状 连 谓 定 宾
13
五种基本句子结构:
1. 主语+系动词+表语 （主系表） 2. 主语+不及物动词+(其他成分) (主谓) 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语 （主谓宾） 4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
初中英语句子成分分析精(共70张)PPT课件
最新课件
6
主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。主语 一般位于__句__首__ 。
1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.
He gave me two books.
间接宾语 直接宾语
最新课件
18
双宾语
常跟双宾语的词 give , buy, teach
He gave me two books. Tom teaches us English.
人是间接宾语 物是直接宾语
最新课件
19
二、宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.She lived a happy life.(名词 )
He always kept silent at
meeting.
最新课件
27
系动词
感官系动词 主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look等。
This flower smells very sweet.
变化系动词 表示主语变化，主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come等。
最新课件
31
五、定语
定语：用来修饰_名__词_和_ 代. 词
This is a red car. The building is their teaching building. The woman doctor is my wife. I have something to tell you. The man in front of the door is Mr. Li. Every student has an English book.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• 5．那位先生能流利地说三种语言。
That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.
英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，从现象看， 似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可以发 现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子的基 本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、 省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种 英语句子结构的基础。
;.;
1
*句子成分（member of sentence）由
;.;
3
基本句型 一:ＳＶ(主＋谓)
主语: 可以作主语的成分有名词, 主格代词, 动词不定式, 动名词等等。主语一般在句首。
谓语: 谓语由动词构成, 是英语时态、语态 变化的主角, 一般在主语之后。不及物动词 (vi.)没有宾语, 形成主谓结构。
如: We come.
;.;
4
Ｓ│Ｖ(不及物动词)
• 2．今天下午我想同你谈谈。
I want to talk with you this afternoon.
• 3．这本书他读过多次了。
He has read this book many times.
;.;
13
• 4．他们成功地完成了计划。
•
They have carried out the plan successfully.
• He is in the room making a model plane.（分 词短语）
;.;
6
状语还可以由以下成分表示
• Once you begin, you must continue.（状语 从句）
• Wait a minute.（名词）
;.;
7
• 巩固练习： • 1．她昨天回家很晚。
;.;
8
4．五年前我住在北京。
I lived in Beijing five
In autumn, some birds fly to the south.
• 6．我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 • My grandfather gets up early in the morning. • 7. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。
2. Jack enjoys collecting stamps.
3. Our teacher promised to see the movie with us.
4. I don’t know which school he is in.
;.;
12
• 巩固练习： • 1．昨晚我写了一封信。
I wrote a letter last night.
10. 这些苹果很好卖。
These apples sell well.
11. 水果不易保鲜。
Fruits can’t keep well.
12. 这种布很易洗。
This kind of cloth washes easily.
13. 她高兴地跳起来了。
;.;
10
He jumped with joy.
;.;
2
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种 基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型, 是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
一: Ｓ Ｖ (主＋谓)
二: Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ (主＋系＋表)
三: Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ (主＋谓＋宾)
四: Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ (主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)
五: Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ (主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
1. The sun│rose. 2. Who │cares? 3. What he said │does not matter. 4. They │talked for half an hour. 5. The pen │writes smoothly
此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的 意思。虽然这种结构中动词后面不加宾语，但是往往带有状语。后 面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to
borrow books.
;.;
9
8. 他一直走到山边。
He walked as far as the hillside.
9.这支笔很好写。
The pen writes smoothly.
1. She went home very late yesterday evening.
• 2．会议将持续两个小时。
The meeting will last two hours.
• 3．在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了 巨大。
Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.
基本句型 二:Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ (主＋谓＋宾)
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都 具有实义, 都是主语产生的动作, 但不能 表达完整的意思, 必须跟有一个宾语,
即动作的承受者, 才能使意思完整。 这类动词叫做及物动词。
;.;
11
主语 + 及物动词(及物动词后面可直 接加宾语) + 宾语
1. My sister is writing a letter at this moment.
词或词组充当
英语的基本成分有七种：
_主__语__(_su_b_j_e_c_t)_、____谓__语_(_p_r_e_d_ic_a_t_e_)、_______ _表__语__(p_r_e_d_ic_a_t_iv_e_)_、__宾__语__(_o_b_je_c_t_)、________
_定__语__(_a_tt_r_ib_u_t_e_)、____状__语__(_ad__ve_r_b_i_a_l)______ 和__补__语__(_c_o_m_p_l_em__e_n_t_) __
;.;
5
状语可由以下形式表示：
• Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词 组）
• He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短 语)
• He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）