2016年考研大纲英语科目解析：英语二考查内容
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案详解
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案详解（完整版）Section I Use of English1、【答案】C how【解析】根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。
四个选项的意思中，只有C. how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。
2、【答案】B In particular【解析】空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。
空格所在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。
很显然，前后句子是总分关系。
选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。
3、【答案】D necessary【解析】根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。
幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D. necessary做后置定语符合前后内容。
其他选项与原文内容语义不符。
4、【答案】C optimism【解析】空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。
5、【答案】D change【解析】空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。
选项中A. echo 回声 B. miss 思念 C. spoil 溺爱 D. change 改变，所以只有D选项可以和the way companies invested构成通顺语义。
2016考研英语大纲解析之英语(二)考什么
2016考研英语大纲解析之英语(二)考什么英语二是这几年专业硕士独有的考试，前身是MBA英语联考，在2009年专业硕士开始面向应届毕业生招生之后，就在原有基础上将MBA英语联考改革为204英语二，既然叫做英语二，那么一定和英语一有区别，区别在哪里呢?知道了区别才能更好的准备考试。
跨考教育英语教研室姜绳老师在这里就着重讲解一下这个问题。
英语二满分100分，考试时间180分钟，这个和英语一没有区别，从这点来看，教育部还是公平的。
1语法英语二规定了必考的八个语法点，也就是说，在考试中只会涉及这八个语法点，长难句，翻译的考法就有了明确的方向，而英语一并没有规定语法点。
从这点来看，英语二难度较低。
2词汇英语一和英语二大纲规定词汇一致，但是考查侧重点有区别。
比如game这个单词，大家说说都有什么含义哈。
“游戏”，“赌博”，英语一里考察却是“猎物”这个词意，这就是熟悉的陌生词，英语一比英语二这样的考察更多。
我们能看出，英语二对词汇的要求的层面比英语一稍低。
与此同时，英语二没有3%的阅读部分超纲词汇。
3从整体试卷结构和复习策略上，英语二分为四个部分。
第一部分，综合知识运用也就是完形填空，20题，10分。
较英语一而言，英语二考察的侧重点在文章逻辑结构和词汇搭配上。
第二部分，阅读理解，四篇，20题，40分。
由于考试前身是MBA联考，所以选取的文章都是和经济有关的文章，而不像英语一文章选材不限，对于考生备考来说，难度加大。
第三部分，新题型，5题，10分。
这是英语一和英语二区别最大的地方。
英语二在这里设置了三种题型，一种是true or false 也就是判断对错，有点类似六级的快速阅读的感觉;一种是多项对应，七个选项选出五个正确答案;最后一种是小标题对应，为整个文章选出段落小标题。
这种题型的特点是乍看很难，实际上，一旦解题思路有人指导，十分满分不是梦。
第四部分，翻译，整段文章翻译，15分。
和英语一的相比，因为规定了必考语法点，复习的方向明确，而且整段翻译就会让人能够根据上下文进行联想，把握文章整体意思，要比英语一的单句翻译更容易得分。
2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析
2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析2016考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）分析令人期待的2016英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读填空，作文。
相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。
英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。
如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程英语老师把英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案（完整版）younger firms, which the authors 13 to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average," said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C]how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C]optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C]spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C]invented [D] assumed7. [A] sure [B] odd [C]unfortunate [D] often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C]overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C]summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C]levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C]reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C]ambitious [D] experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C]also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C]directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C]While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C]hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C]simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosingA, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children thistraining could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -theearlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______[A] complete future job training[B] remodel the way of thinking[C] formulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________[A] experience[B] interest[C] career prospects[D] academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________[A] help students learn other computer languages[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C] need improving when students look for jobs[D] enable students to make big quick money24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies[B] stay longer in the information technology industry[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________[A] persuade[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and othersargued that the" threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyedwith 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the birdto the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simplythat one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. "The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill thesedifferent-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but justreading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure,younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children,and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher agood-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .[A] trying out different lifestyles[B] having a family with children[C] working beyond retirement age[D] setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .[A] favor a slower life pace[B] hold an occupation longer[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance[D] give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .[A] become increasingly clear[B] focus on materialistic issues[C] depend largely on political preferences[D] reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that .[A] good-paying jobs are less available[B] the old made more life achievements[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain[D] getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Be silly[B] Have fun[C] Ask for help[D] Express your emotions.[E] Don't overthink it[F] Be easily pleased[G] Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your Age.(1) As adults, it seems that we're constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.Instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41_____ [D] Express your emotions(2) What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we feel appropriately and then-again, like children-move on.42______[F] Be easily pleasedA couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was 9 yearsold at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43_______[A] Be sillyHave you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection. All of which would, of course, have a positive effect on our happiness levels.44______ [B] Have funThe problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45______ [E] Don't overthink itHaving said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinesephilosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tensof thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。
2016考研英语二真题及答案解析(完整版)
2016研究生入学统一考试试题及答案解析(英语二) Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence__1__firm’s work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.__7__enough, firms’investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest –like size, industry, and sales –and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors__13__to “less codified decision making process”and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,”said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out1. [标准答案] [C]how[考点分析] 连词辨析[选项分析] 根据语境，“新发现表明：快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。
考研英语(二)大纲最新解读及高效复习方法
考研英语（二）大纲最新解读及高效复习方法广大2016届的考生怀着期盼与忐忑不安的心情，终于等来了《2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲》的问世。
就新大纲而言，内容没有实质性变化。
所以同学们可以承接前一阶段的复习成效，继续按照已有计划进行学习。
从语言知识来看，词汇部分没有变化，仍然要求“考生应能较熟练地掌握5 500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
”因此英语（二）不会像英语（一）那样偏重对词汇词义和用法的深度挖掘，而是主要偏重考查“常用”的词汇和词组，其考查的难度大家就心里有底了。
语法部分英语（二）考试大纲仍然列出了八个要考查的语法点，（1）名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；（2）动词时态、语态的构成及其用法；（3）形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；（4）常用连接词的词义及其用法；（5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成及其用法；（6）虚拟语气的构成及其用法；（7）各类从句（定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等）及强调句型的结构及其用法；（8）倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。
这就意味着英语(二)语法考查范围相对较小，更注重考查考生的基础知识，难度会比英语（一）大大降低。
建议考生把这八个语法知识点认真吃透，并加以灵活运用。
就语言技能而言，与2015年大纲相比，2016年大纲没有任何变化，继续突出阅读和写作的重要性，关于阅读，英语(二)大纲明确了考查文章的题材、体裁和阅读能力要求；关于写作，英语(二)大纲要求“根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作”，考生需要达到的标准是“思想明确，切中题意，结构清晰，条理清楚，用词恰当，无明显语言错误”，这些属于最基本的写作要求。
总的来说，上述语言知识和语言技能仍然是研究生入学英语考试的主要测评目标。
对比往年考点，接下来根据2016年大纲，为大家全面解析2016年考研英语（二）的各个具体题型的总体要求：英语知识运用英语知识运用主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查，这是对英语知识运用的定位。
2016年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2016 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章总体分析及结构这是一篇议论文，选自 2016 年《哈佛商业评论》，全文共 358 词。
文章围绕快乐与公司投资之间的关系展开。
首先提出研究表明快乐不仅影响人们的行为方式，也有可能会影响公司的运营方式；接着介绍了研究者们是如何证 明这一观点的；最后指出，作者也认为快乐对公司投资有所影响。
二、语篇精读词汇详解：长难句分析：And new research suggests that happiness might influence how firm’s work, too.本句的主干是new research suggests that...，that 后引导宾语从句，其中 happiness 是宾语从句的主语，另外，这个宾语从句中还包含 how 引导的宾语从句。
词汇详解： 长难句分析：That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking necessary for making investments for the future. 本句的主干是 That’s because...，because 后引导表语从句，其中 necessary for...是后置定语，修饰 the kind of longer-term thinking 。
词汇详解：长难句分析：The researchers wanted to know if the optimism and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would change the way companies invested.本句的句子主干是The researchers wanted to know...，if 后引导从句，作know 的宾语，其中the optimism and inclination 是宾语从句的主语，would change 是宾语从句的谓语；另外，这个宾语从句中还包含that 引导的定语从句，修饰宾语从句的主语，以及省略that 的定语从句companies invested，修饰先行词the way。
2016考研英语二真题及答案解析
2016考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。
Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。
（10 points）Happy people work differently。
They’re more productive，more creative，and willing to take greater risks。
And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work，too。
Companies located in place with happier people invest more，according to a recent research paper。
2 ，firms in happy places spend more on R&D（research and development）。
That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future。
The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested。
So they compared U.S。
cities’average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。
2016考研英语二
2016考研英语二一、考试概述2016年考研英语二是中国研究生招生考试（简称考研）中的英语科目的第二部分。
本部分主要测试考生在阅读理解、词汇与应用、填空以及翻译等方面的能力。
考试时长为150分钟，总分为150分。
本文将对2016年考研英语二的内容进行详细介绍。
二、题型分析2016年考研英语二共有四个题型，分别为阅读理解、词汇与应用、填空以及翻译。
下面我们将对每个题型进行具体的分析。
1. 阅读理解阅读理解是考研英语二的核心题型，共有4篇短文。
每篇短文后面有5道题目，共计20道题。
考生需要通过阅读短文的方式，理解短文内容并回答相应的问题。
阅读理解题型又分为主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题和图表阅读题。
考生需要对文章的主旨、段落标题、作者态度等进行准确把握，并辨析文章中的逻辑关系。
2. 词汇与应用词汇与应用是考研英语二的基础题型，共计10道题。
主要测试考生对词汇的理解和应用能力。
题目形式多种多样，有词义辨析、词性转换、词语搭配等。
考生需要具备扎实的词汇基础，并能合理地运用词汇知识解决实际问题。
3. 填空填空是考研英语二的挑战题型，共计10个空。
这些空需要考生根据上下文语境选择合适的词语或短语进行填充。
填空题主要考察考生的词汇应用和语境理解能力，要求考生对句子的结构和逻辑关系有较好的把握。
4. 翻译翻译是考研英语二的综合题型，共计2道题。
第一题为中文到英文的翻译，第二题为英文到中文的翻译。
考生需要具备较高的词汇量和语言组织能力，并能准确地理解和表达原文的意思。
三、备考建议针对2016年考研英语二的题型特点，我们给出以下备考建议：1.阅读理解是考研英语二的核心题型，考生需要通过多读英文文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
应注重培养答题技巧，如先扫读题目再阅读文章，抓住文章关键词等。
2.在词汇与应用方面，考生可通过背单词和应用词汇的练习来提高。
建议使用专门的词汇书籍和APP，参加英语角或英语讨论会。
3.解答填空题时，要注意上下文的语境，合理推测空格位置所需要的词汇。
2016考研英语二大纲解析
2016考研英语二大纲解析I. 考试性质英语(二)考试主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II .考查内容考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1. 语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法；(3)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法；(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法；(6)虚拟语气的构成及其用法；(7)各类从句(定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等)及强调句型的结构及其用法；(8)倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。
2. 词汇考生应能较熟练地掌握5500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组(详见附录相关部分)。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
(二)语言技能1. 阅读考生应能读懂不同题材和体裁的文字材料。
题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。
根据阅读材料，考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义；(2)理解文中的具体信息；(3)理解语篇的结构和上下文的逻辑关系；(4)根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义；(5)进行一定的判断和推理；(6)理解作者的意图、观点或态度。
2. 写作考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。
短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。
III. 考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。
考试时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和1张答题卡。
考生应将英语知识运用和阅读理解部分的答案按要求涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，将英译汉和写作部分的答案书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析
2016考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）分析令人期待的2016英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读填空，作文。
相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。
英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。
如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程英语老师把英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They're more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence how firms work, too.Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. In particular , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking necessary for making investment for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the optimism and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would change the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness measured by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.sure enough, firms' investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were headquartered. But it is really happiness that's linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities explain why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various factors that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a placewas desirable to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally held even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors attribute to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less experienced managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was also stronger in places where happiness was spread more equally. Firms seem to invest more in places.While this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least hints at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help shape how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and lean towards R&D more than the average," said one researcher.Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______[A] complete future job training[B] remodel the way of thinking[C] formulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________[A] experience[B] interest[C] career prospects[D] academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________[A] help students learn other computer languages[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C] need improving when students look for jobs[D] enable students to make big quick money24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies[B] stay longer in the information technology industry[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________[A] persuade[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that the" threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. "The future comes at us likeempty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .[A] trying out different lifestyles[B] having a family with children[C] working beyond retirement age[D] setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .[A] favor a slower life pace[B] hold an occupation longer[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance[D] give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .[A] become increasingly clear[B] focus on materialistic issues[C] depend largely on political preferences[D] reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that .[A] good-paying jobs are less available[B] the old made more life achievements[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain[D] getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Be silly[B] Have fun[C] Ask for help[D] Express your emotions.[E] Don't overthink it[F] Be easily pleased[G] Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your Age.(1) As adults, it seems that we're constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy. Instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usuallymore effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41_____ [D] Express your emotions(2) What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we feel appropriately and then-again, like children-move on.42______[F] Be easily pleasedA couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was 9 years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43_______[A] Be sillyHave you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection. All of which would, of course, have a positive effect on our happiness levels.44______ [B] Have funThe problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45______ [E] Don't overthink itHaving said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。
2016考研英语二真题答案解析（文字完整版）【2】
2016考研英语⼆真题答案解析（⽂字完整版）【2】 Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Text 1 21、【答案】[B]remodel the way of thinking 【解析】观点题。
根据题⼲Cortina holds回⽂定位在第⼆段。
第⼆段指出Cortina认为过早的接触电脑是有益的，紧接着指出当⼩孩⼦学习电脑科学，他们就学习了如何去开发⼿机应⽤程序，或者创作艺术，或者验证假设。
对于他们来说与⼤孩⼦相⽐，改变思维并不难。
综上所述，[B]remodel the way of thinking是对原⽂“transform their thought”的同义置换。
22、【答案】[B] interest 【解析】事实细节题。
根据题⼲关键信息“in delivering lessons for high-schoolers”、“Flatiron has considered”，定位到第三段。
整个第三段在叙述Flatiron School。
其中，第三⾏The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in”(⾼中⽣们上同样的课程，但是“我们⼒图以他们的兴趣来调整课程”)，表明了该校开设课程的依据是“学⽣的兴趣”，故选[B] interest。
23、【答案】[A] help students learn other computer languages 【解析】细节题。
根据Deborah Seehorn 定位到⽂章第五段最后⼀句。
Deborah说他们学习的技能(如何思考问题具有逻辑性并组织结果)可以应⽤到编码语⾔中去。
选项[A]帮助学⽣学习另外的电脑语⾔是对这句话的概括。
24、【答案】[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world 【解析】推理题。
2016年英语二真题和参考解析(专硕)
2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）☆考生注意事项☆1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。
2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。
不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。
3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Directions:Section IUse of EnglishRead the followin g text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (lOpoints)Happ y people work differentl y . The y 're more productive, more creative, and willin g to take greater risks. And new research su gg ests that happiness mi g ht influence 1 firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, accordin g to a recent research paper. 2 , 伍ms in happ y places spend more on R&D (research and development). That's because happiness is linked to the kind of lon g er-term thinkin g 3 for makin g investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-takin g that come with happiness would 5 the wa y companies invested. So the y compared U.S. cities'avera g e happiness 6 b y Gallup pollin g with the investment activit y of publicl y traded firms in those areas.7 enou g h, fim函investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which the y were 8 . But is it reall y happiness that's linked to investment, or could somethin g else about happier cities 9 wh y 伍ms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various 10 that mi g ht make 伍ms more likel y to invest like size, industry, and sales and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wa g es or population. The link between happiness and investment g enerall y 12 even after accountin g for these thin g s.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularl y stron g fory oun g er firms, which the authors 13to "less codified decision makin g process" and the possible presence of ''y oun g er and less 14 mana g ers who are more likel y to be influenced b y sentiment." The relationship was 15 stron g er in places where happiness was spread more 16 . Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relativel y happ y , rather than in places with happiness inequality.17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a lon g er-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to ima g ine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. "It surel y seems plausible that happ y people would be more forward-thinkin g and creative and 20 R&D more than the avera g e," said one researcher.1.[A]wh y[B]how[C]where[D]when2.[A] In return[B]In particular[C]In contrast[D]In conclusion3.[A] necessary[B]famous[C]perfect[D]sufficient4.[A] individualism [B] realism[C]o p ti m ism[D]modernism5.[A] miss[B]echo[C]spoil[D]c ha n ge6.[A] imagined[B]measured[C]assumed[D]invented7.[A] Sure[B]O dd[C]Unfortunate [D] Often8.[A] divided[B]advertised[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered9.[A] summarize[B]overstate[C]ex pl ain[D]emphasize10.[A] factors[B]st a ge s[C]levels[D]methods11.[A] desirable[B]sociable[C]reliable[D]reputable12.[A] resumed[B]emerged[C]held[D]broke13. [A] ass ign [B]attribute[C]transfer[D]compare14.[A] serious[B]civilized[C]a m bitious[D]experienced15.[A] instead[B]thus[C]also[D]never16.[A] r ap idly[B]di r ec t ly[C]re g ul arly[D]e qu a ll y17.[A] While[B]Until[C]After[D]Since18.[A] arrives[B]jump s[C]hints[D]strikes19.[A] share[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]sha p e20.[A] pray for[B]lean towards[C]send out[D]gi ve awaySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that hi g h-school codin g classes aren't essential for learnin g computer science in colle g e. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carne g ie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, earl y exposure is beneficial. When y oun g er kids learn computer science, the y learn that it's not just a confusin g, endless strin g of letters and numbers—but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thou g ht processes as it is for older students. Breakin g down problems into bite-sized chunks and usin g code to solve them becomes normal. Givin g more children this trainin g could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs g ap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learnin g somethin g about codin g before the y g et to colle g e, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or -determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pa y to learn pro g rammin g, started as one of the man y codin g bootcamps that's become popular for adults lookin g for a career chan g e. The hi g h-schoolers g et the same curriculum, but "we try to g ear lessons toward thin g s the y're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developin g su gg ests movies based on y our mood.The students in the Flatiron class probabl y won't drop out of hi g h school and build the next Facebook. Programmin g langua g es have a quick turnover, so the "Rub y on Rails" langua g e the y learned ma y not even be relevant b y the time the y enter the job market. But the skills the y learn how to think lo g icall y through a problem and or g anize the results appl y to an y codin g langua g e, said D eborah Seehom, an education consultant for the state of N orth Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students mi g ht not g o into IT at all. But creatin g a future arm y of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are g oin g to be surrounded b y computers in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes for the rest of their lives. The y oun g er the y learn how computers think, how to凶埜the machine into producin g what the y want the earlier the y learn that the y have the power to do that the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes 1t easier to.[A]co mp lete future job training[B]remodel the way of thinking[C]formulate logical hypotheses[D]perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their.[A]expenence[B]interest[C]career prospects[D]academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehom believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will[A]help students learn other computer languages[B]have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C]need i mp roving when students look for jobs[D]enable students to make big quick money24. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to.[A]bring forth innovative computer technologies[B]stay longer in the information technology industry[C]become better prepared for the digitalized world[D]co mp ete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax" (Line 4, Para. 6) is closest in meaning to.[A]pers u ade[B]fri g ht en[C]m isguide[D]challengeText2Biologists estimate that as man y as 2 million lesser prairie chickens—a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands—once lent red to the often gre y landscape of the midwestem and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain toda y, occup y ing about 16% of the species'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to formall y list the bird as threatened. "The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation," said USFWS D irector D aniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. The y had pushed the agenc y to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the "threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentiall y less confrontational conservation approaches. In particular, the y called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneas y with federal action, and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agenc y said it would not prosecute landowners or businesses that unintentionall y kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as the y had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated b y USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pa y into a fund to replace every acre destro y ed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat. USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 y ears. And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (W A FW A), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states remain in the driver's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone bu y s the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingl y, industry groups and states generall y argue it goes too far; enviromnentalists sa y it doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibilit y for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction," sa y s biologist Ja y Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser p rairie chicken as threatened is.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that unintentional harm-doers will not beprosecuted if they[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the W AFW A monitoringjob[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29. According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species is.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText3That everyone's too bus y these da y s is a cliche. But one specific complaint is made especiall y mournfull y: There's never an y time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-mana g ement techni q ues don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offerin g tips on makin g time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with y ou at all times." But in m y experience, usin g such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the fl yw heel of work-related thou g hts keeps spinnin g or else ou're so exhausted that a challen g in g book's the last thin g y ou need. The modem ymind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmin g l y inclined toward con皿unication…It is not simpl y that one is interrupted; it is that one is actuall y inclined to interruption." D eep readin g re q uires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merel y b y becomin g more efficient.In fact, "becomin g more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinkin g of time as a resource to be maximised means y ou approach it instnunentall y, jud g in g an yiven moment as well spent onl y in so far as it advances pro g ress toward some g oal. gImmersive readin g, b y contrast, depends on bein g willin g to risk inefficienc y,oallessness, even time-wastin g. Try to slot it in as a to-do list item and y ou'll gmana g e onl y g oal-focused readin g useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfillin g kind. "The future comes at us like empt y bottles alon g an unstoppable and nearl y infinite conve y or belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and''we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (da y s, hours, minutes) as the y pass, for if the y g et b y without bein g filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losin g y ourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisin g l y, schedulin g re g ular times for readin g. You'd think this mi g ht fuel the efficienc y mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions b y readin g onl y ph y sical books, or on sin g le-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with y ou at all times" can actuall y work, too providin g y ou dip in often enou g h, so that readin g becomes the default state from which y ou temporaril y surface to take care of business, before droppin g back down. On a reall y g ood da y, it no lon g er feels as if y ou're "makin g time to read," but just readin g, and makin g time for everythin g else.31.The usual time-management techniques don't work because.[A]what they can offer does not ease the modem mind[B]what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C]what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D]what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32.The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to.[A]update their to-do lists[B]make passing time fulfilling[C]carry their plans through[D]pursue carefree reading33.Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps.[A]encourage the efficiency mind-set[B]develop online reading habits[C]promote ritualistic reading[D]achieve immersive reading34."Carry a book with you at all times" can work if.[A]reading becomes your primary business of the day[B]all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C]you are able to drop back to business after reading[D]time can be evenly split for reading and business35.The best title for this text could be[A]How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B]How to Find Time to Read[C]How to Set Reading Goals[D]How to Read ExtensivelyText4Against a backdro p of drastic changes in econom y and p o p ulation structure, y ounger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road ma p to success, a latest p oll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to p rize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while y oung and old mostl y agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, the y off er strikingl y different p aths for reaching it.Young p eo p le who are still getting started in life were more likel y than older adults to p rioritize p ersonal fulfillment in their work, to believe the y will advance their careers most b y regularl y changing jobs, to favor communities with more p ublic services and a faster p ace of life, to agree that cou p les should be financiall y secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served b y two p arents working outside the home, the surve y found.From career to community and famil y , these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are definingp riorities and ex p ectations that will increasingl y s p read through virtuall y all as p ects of American life, from consumer p references to housing p atterns to p olitics.Young and old converge on one ke y p oint: Overwhelming majorities of both grou p s said the y believe it is harder for y oung p eo p le today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. While y ounger p eo p le are somewhat more o p timistic than their elders about the p ros p ects for those starting out toda y , big majorities in both grou p s believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher climb than earlier generations in reaching such si gnp ost achievements as securing a good-p a y ing job, starting a famil y , managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher toda y . Schneider, a 27-y ear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs, sa y s he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadil y , he said, "I can't afford to p a y m y monthl y mortgage p ayments on m y own, so I have to rent rooms out to p eo p le to make that ha pp en." Looking back, he is struck that his p arents could p rovide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was y oung. "I still grew u p in an u pp er middle-class home with p arents who didn't have college degrees," Schneider said. "I don't think p eo p le are ca p able of that anymore."36.One cross-generation mark of a successful life is.[A]trying out different lifestyles[B]having a family with children[C]working beyond retirement age[D]setting up a profitable business37.It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to.[A]favor a slower life pace[B]hold an occupation longer[C]attach importance to pre-marital finance[D]give priority to childcare outside the home38.The priorities and expectations defined by the young will.[A]become increasingly clear[B]focus on materialistic issues[C]depend largely on political preferences[D]reach almost all aspects of A merican life39.Both young and old agree that.[A]good-p aying j obs are less availab le[B]the old made more life achievements[C]housing loans today are easy to obtain[D]getting established is harder for the young40.Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A]He found a dream job after graduating from college.[B]His parents believe working steadily is a must for success.[C]His parents'good life has little to do with a college degree.[D]He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging.PartBDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions b y choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which y ou do not need to use. Mark y our answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]Be sill y[B]Have fun[C]Ask for help[D]Express y our emotions[E]D on't overthink it[F]Be easil y pleased[G]Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your AgeAs adults, it seems that we are constantl y pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art and for the most part the y don't need self-help books or therap y. Instead, the y look after their wellbeing instinctivel y, and usuall y more effectivel y than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41.What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probabl y a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so the y are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many wa y s a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especiall y negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we need to do is find a wa y to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriatel y, and then again, like children move on.42.A couple of Christmases ago, m y y oungest stepdaughter, who was nine y ears old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjo y ed, and couldn't stop talking about it. Too often we believe that a new job, bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finall y be content, but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every da yis a much better wa y to improve wellbein g.43.Have y ou ever noticed how much children lau g h? If we adults could indul g e in a bit of silliness and g i gg lin g, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase g ood hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fi g htin g off infection. All of which would, of course, havea positive effect on our happiness levels.44.The problem with bein g a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with work, mort g a g e payments, fi g urin g out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of bein g able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjo y the thin g s we love. Those thin g s mi g ht be social, sportin g, creative or completel y random (dancin g around the livin g room, an y one?) it doesn't matter, so lon g as the y're enjo y able, and not likel y to have ne g ative side effects, such as drinkin g too much alcohol or g oin g ona wild spendin g spree if y ou're on a ti g ht bud g et.45.Havin g said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happ y. Scientists tell us this can backfire and actuall y have a ne g ative i mp act on our wellbein g. As the Chinese philosopher Chuan g Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of strivin g for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a oal but a natural byproduct of the wa y the y live.gSection III Translation46.DirectionsTranslate the following text into Chinese. Write y our translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer y ou sta y in the store, the more stuff y ou'll see, and the more stuff y ou see, the more y ou'll bu y. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and man y carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickl y become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationall y selective, and instead begin shopping emotionall y which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended bu y ing.Section IV WritingPartA47.Directions:Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend, Jack, wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation. Write h im a reply to1)thank him, and2)give your advice.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" insteadDo not write your address. (10 points)PartB48.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)其他培养独立能力6务广交朋友9%缓解压力33%某高校学生旅游目的调查2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I: Use of English (10 points)1 - 5: BBACD6 - 10: BADCA11-15: ACBDC16-20: DACDBSection II: Reading Comprehension (50 points)21-25: BBACA26-30: ACADC31-35: DBDAB36-40: BCDDC41-45: DFABESection III :Translation (15 Points)超市旨在吸引消费者在店里停留尽可能长的时间。
2016考研英语二真题及解析 详细.doc
2016考研英语二真题及详细解析Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence__1__firm’s work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.__7__enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors__13__to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often18. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out1. [标准答案] [C]how[考点分析] 连词辨析[选项分析] 根据语境，“新发现表明：快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。
2016考研英语二新题型解析
2016考研英语二新题型解析根据2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语大纲(非英语专业)规定，阅读理解部分B节5小题，本部分设有5小题每题2分，共10分。
有2种备选题型，每次考试从这2种备选题型中即小标题对应和多项对应中选择其中的一种形式，或者两种形式的组合进行考查。
今年所考的就是小标题对应：这类题都需要考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构、理解句子与句子、段落与段落之间的关系。
要求考生有一定的连贯性和一致性的语篇意识。
今年的小标题具体解题步骤如下：第一步：通读选项，划出选项关键词：如[A] You are not alone 划出not alone[B] Don’t fear responsibility for your life 划出responsibility[C] Pave your own unique 划出path own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal 划出unreal[E] Think about the present moment 划出the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow划出experience[G] There are many things to be grateful for划出grateful第二步，读句子找重复的词和概念，若无重复则看哪个选项最具有概括性。
那接下来我们开始解题：41【D】解析：本段开头第一句话说fear is both useful and harmful.也就是有利有害，接下来就讲其曾经的作用和人们的行为，接下来又开始引用别人的观点。
但是作者在最后一句用强调句 I do agree表示作者对前面引用的肯定，也就是fear is a choice 即对danger is very real 的否定，综合即答案 D。
42.【E】解析: 本段最后一句有个but.答案在此处。
2016年考研英语二解析：翻译
2016届全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语（⼆）考试⼤纲于2015年9⽉18⽇与各位考⽣见⾯。
其中，翻译部分与2015届全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语（⼆）考试⼤纲相⽐，⽆明显变化。
下⾯就⼤纲中对翻译部分的考查要求与规定进⾏详细解析，以便考⽣在复习翻译时⽅向更加明确，⽬标更加清晰，内容更有针对性。
希望对考⽣的复习有所帮助。
⼀、⼤纲内容： 考查考⽣理解所给英语语⾔材料并将其译成汉语的能⼒。
要求译⽂准确、完整、通顺。
要求考⽣阅读、理解长度为150词左右的⼀个或⼏个英语段落，并将其全部译成汉语。
考⽣在答题卡2上作答。
共15分。
⼆、考查标准解析： 1．准确--忠实于原⽂。
对原⽂的准确理解是⼀篇优质译⽂的前提。
要求译⽂内容不能与原⽂所表达的内容有出⼊或相违背，否则⼀定会影响译⽂得分。
评分标准中要求，如果句⼦译⽂明显扭曲原⽂意思，该句得分最多不得超过0.5分。
2．通顺--译⽂符合汉语表达习惯。
在准确理解原⽂的前提下，把所理解的译⽂按照中⽂的表达习惯，表达出来。
译成汉语后，译⽂⼀定要读得懂，读得通。
3．完整--⽆漏译。
要求考⽣对原⽂的内容完整地进⾏翻译，不得有遗漏。
如有遗漏，评卷⽼师会酌情减分。
注：若不完整，译出的部分可给分。
三、考查内容： 1、专有名词、词组和多义词的翻译； 专有名词、词组和多义词是翻译中对词考查的重要内容。
翻译时，⾼频专有名词，按照约定俗成的⽅法翻译；⾮的专有名词，采取⾳译或⾳译+括号英⽂的⽅法翻译；不熟悉的专有名词，直接照抄英⽂即可。
词组的翻译需要考⽣注意平时的积累，理解和熟记。
多义词词义的选择可根据语境联系上下⽂猜测词义；根据词根词缀选择猜测⽣词的词义；根据汉语的习惯搭配来翻译。
2、翻译策略运⽤: 词义选择+语序调整； 考研翻译中重点考查学⽣在不同语境中对词义的理解，以及语义组合和语⾔表达的准确性和通顺性。
因此，在翻译时，学⽣要注意不同语境中词义的选择，表达的译⽂要符合汉语的表达习惯和中国⼈的逻辑思维习惯。
2016考研英语二
2016考研英语二1. 题目解析2016年考研英语二部分主要包含阅读理解、完型填空和翻译三个部分。
本文将分别从这三个方面进行解析和分析。
2. 阅读理解阅读理解部分包含了四篇文章，分别是A、B、C、D四个选项。
每篇文章后面有五道对应的问题，需要根据文章内容进行答题。
其中，A、B、C篇为长篇阅读，D篇为短篇阅读。
在进行阅读理解时，有几个注意点：•阅读前先浏览全文，了解大概内容和结构，对于时间限制有帮助；•注意文章中的关键词和句子，它们通常是答案的线索；•注意文章的逻辑和语气，有助于理解作者的观点和意图。
对于每篇文章，建议按照以下步骤进行解题：1.阅读题目，找到所需信息；2.读文章，寻找答案线索；3.确定答案并选择。
3. 完型填空完型填空是考查语法和词汇的一种题型。
在这个题目中，有一个短文缺少了若干词语，需要从四个选项中选择正确的词语进行填充，使得整个短文通顺、完整。
该部分共有20个空格需要填写。
对于完型填空的解题技巧，有几点值得注意：•首先，先读短文，了解大意，对整个短文进行理解；•其次，根据上下文和语法规则，选择适合的词语填写；•最后，检查填写的词语是否符合文章意义和语法准则。
4. 翻译翻译是考查英语应用能力的一种题型。
在短文中，有一句或几句中文需要翻译成英文。
这部分要求考生准确地理解中文内容，并用合适的英文表达出来。
在翻译部分解题时，建议考生注意以下几点：•理解句子的意思，抓住关键词；•避免直接翻译中文句子，理解其含义后再进行翻译；•注意语法和用词的准确性，保证表达的通顺和准确性。
5. 总结2016年考研英语二部分包含阅读理解、完型填空和翻译三个部分，考察考生的阅读和翻译能力。
对于每个部分的解题，考生应根据题目要求，进行认真考虑和判断，运用相关的解题技巧进行答题。
最后，在答题之前应预留一些时间进行检查和修改。
希望以上内容能对考生顺利备考和应对2016年考研英语二部分有所帮助。
注：以上内容为Markdown文本格式输出，该文档共有274字。
2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析
2016考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）分析令人期待的2016英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读填空，作文。
相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。
英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。
如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程英语老师把英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They're more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too.Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, firms' investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8. But it is really happiness that's linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, likegrowth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average," said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] sure [B] odd [C] unfortunate [D] often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11.[A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C] emerged [D] broke13.[A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D] experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19.[A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails"language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______[A] complete future job training[B] remodel the way of thinking[C] formulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________[A] experience[B] interest[C] career prospects[D] academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________[A] help students learn other computer languages[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C] need improving when students look for jobs[D] enable students to make big quick money24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies[B] stay longer in the information technology industry[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________[A] persuade[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of themidwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that the" threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. "The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days,hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .[A] trying out different lifestyles[B] having a family with children[C] working beyond retirement age[D] setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .[A] favor a slower life pace[B] hold an occupation longer[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance[D] give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .[A] become increasingly clear[B] focus on materialistic issues[C] depend largely on political preferences[D] reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that .[A] good-paying jobs are less available[B] the old made more life achievements[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain[D] getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Be silly[B] Have fun[C] Ask for help[D] Express your emotions.[E] Don't overthink it[F] Be easily pleased[G] Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your Age.(1) As adults, it seems that we're constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy. Instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41_____ [D] Express your emotions(2) What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we feel appropriately and then-again, like children-move on.42______[F] Be easily pleasedA couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was 9 years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43_______[A] Be sillyHave you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection. All of which would, of course, have a positive effect on our happiness levels.44______ [B] Have funThe problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45______ [E] Don't overthink itHaving said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。
2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析
2016考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）分析（转自凯程教育）2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They're more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too.Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, firms' investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8. But it is really happiness that's linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about thefuture. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average," said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] sure [B] odd [C] unfortunate [D] often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11.[A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C] emerged [D] broke13.[A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D] experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19.[A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______[A] complete future job training[B] remodel the way of thinking[C] formulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________[A] experience[B] interest[C] career prospects[D] academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________[A] help students learn other computer languages[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C] need improving when students look for jobs[D] enable students to make big quick money24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies[B] stay longer in the information technology industry[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________[A] persuade[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that the" threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhel mingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. "The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .[A] trying out different lifestyles[B] having a family with children[C] working beyond retirement age[D] setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .[A] favor a slower life pace[B] hold an occupation longer[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance[D] give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .[A] become increasingly clear[B] focus on materialistic issues[C] depend largely on political preferences[D] reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that .[A] good-paying jobs are less available[B] the old made more life achievements[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain[D] getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Be silly[B] Have fun[C] Ask for help[D] Express your emotions.[E] Don't overthink it[F] Be easily pleased[G] Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your Age.(1) As adults, it seems that we're constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy. Instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41_____ [D] Express your emotions(2) What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we feel appropriately and then-again, like children-move on.42______[F] Be easily pleasedA couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was 9 years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43_______[A] Be sillyHave you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greaterchance of fighting off infection. All of which would, of course, have a positive effect on our happiness levels.44______ [B] Have funThe problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45______ [E] Don't overthink itHaving said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试《英语二》真题及详解
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试《英语二》真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、Section Ⅰ Use of English (总题数：1，分数：20.00)Happy people work differently. They're more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too. Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future. The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. 7 enough, firms' investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8. But it is really happiness that's linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places. 17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinkingand creative and 20 R&D more than the average," said one researcher. （分数：20.00）A.whyB.whereC.how √D.when【解析】根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。
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2016年考研大纲英语科目解析：英语二
考查内容
英语二考查内容
考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：
一、语言知识
1. 语法知识
考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
2. 词汇
考生应能掌握5 500左右的词汇以及相关词组(详见附录)。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。
这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。
此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。
考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。
二、语言技能
1. 阅读
考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所读材料，考生应能：
1)理解主旨要义;
2)理解文中的具体信息;
3)理解文中的概念性含义;
4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申;
5)根据上下文推测生词的词义;
6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;
7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度;
8)区分论点和论据。
2. 写作
考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。
写作时，考生应能：
1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当;
2)遵循文章的特定文体格式;
3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯;
4)根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语域*。
*考生应能掌握的语言技能包括听、说、读、写四种能力。
但是由于听力能力和口语能力的考查在复试中进行，因此这里只列出读和写两种技能。
*指在书面和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象，所采用的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的话语。
关于凯程：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯
凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里
信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿
使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构
激情：永不言弃，乐观向上
敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业
平衡：找到工作、生活、家庭的平衡点
服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。