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2021届中山市中山市濠头中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案

2021届中山市中山市濠头中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Four MarathonsPortland MarathonThe marathon welcomes 8 000 people every fall. It’s a great event for first-timers because everyone is cheered on with enthusiasm no matter how long it takes to cross the finish line. The time limit for the full marathon is now at a pace of minutes per mile, or 6 hours and 33 minutes, but in the past it had an open time limit. They promise you’ll still receive your medal if you fall behind the pace, but you have to finish using the sidewalks.TCS New York City MarathonAs the world’s biggest marathon, the TCS New York City Marathon attracts over 50,000 people to the Big Apple each November. The time limit is generous eight and a half hours, but participants must move to the sidewalk if they drop below 15-minute mile.The famous course snakes through five boroughs (行政区) of the city and crosses five bridges to end in Central Park.Honolulo MarathonThe marathon attracts over 30,000 participants each December. The race starts on Ala Moana Boulevard in downtown Honolulu and snakes its way along the breathtaking Hawaiian coastline to the finish line in Kapiolani Park. The start time is at 5: 00 am with finish line services officially open until 2: 00 pm. However, the organizers allow everyone to finish and have waiters on hand until 4: 00 pm.Boston MarathonThe marathon is held in May every year. For this event running isn’t allowed as the city streets aren’t closed off. Participants must instead make their way along sidewalks under the guidance of event organizers and city police. The event attracts over 8,000 people who can choose anything from three-mile walk to the full 26.2-mile Boston Marathon route.1.Where is a new marathon runner most likely to receive enthusiastic cheers?A.In Portland.B.In New York.C.In Honolulu.D.In Boston.2.What can we know about TCS New York City Marathon?A.It is extremely popular.B.It has an open time limit.C.It starts and ends in a park.D.It forbids using the sidewalk.3.Which marathon is held the earliest in a year?A.Portland Marathon.B.TCS New York City Marathon.C.Boston Marathon.D.Honolulu Marathon.BSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-endmarket, according to Rafael Cascales, president of the Spain-China Tourism Association (ATEC). “It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the “all-included” culture. They enjoy culture, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Cascales in a recent interview with Xinhua.“They are younger, more women travel and they are more cosmopolitan (见多识广的).They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The old-fashioned large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,55he said.Speaking of the consumption pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, Cascales said, “The money they spend is distributed better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another.” In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they combine two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries." They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to compete with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.In 2017, Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors, 700,000 of them from China, a number which is estimated to rise to about 2.2 million by 2022.“We are ready; we have the infrastructure (基础设施) at every level, especially in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them,” Cascales noted.4. What are the features of the new Chinese tourists according to Cascales?A. They are cautious about spending money in Spain.B. They are likely to travel in smaller groups now.C. They are only interested in the sun and beach.D. They are mainly male visitors of middle age.5. What can we learn about the consumption pattern of new Chinese tourists?A. They will reserve flights and hotels with different companies.B. They will spend less money than tourists from other countries.C. They will travel abroad only during the off-peak seasons.D. They will spend the money in different cities.6. What is done to meet the demands of Chinese tourists?A. Local cultures in Spain are promoted.B. Well-furnished hotels are provided.C. Best and expensive items are offered for free.D. More shopping sites are constructed.7. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the tourism industry of Spain.B. To show Spain's desire to attract Chinese tourists.C. To describe the features of Chinese tourists.D. To advertise Spain as a top tourist destination.CIn the world of Chinese archaeology(考古学), a sign of a dig's importance is the sight of Zhou Mingsheng at work. A field technician who has worked at archaeological sites all aroundChina. Master Zhou iscredited with the gentlest touch in his profession. Born into a farming family, he is a “national-level craftsman” with a talent for using simple tools to get relics(遗物) that wouldcrumblein other hands, says his current boss, Wang Xu, director of an archaeological site at Shuanghuaishu, a Neolithic(新石器时代的) settlement near the Yellow River in the central province of Henan.It is not beauty that attracts visitors to Shuanghuaishu. At 5,300 years old, the settlement is the work of a culture too simple to have left behind many buried treasures. The single most precious find, to date, is a finger-length sculpture of a silkworm. Nor is the setting lovely: an area surrounded by deafening insects, between a highway and two power stations. Rather, the site's importance is historical. For since the birth of Chinese archaeology in the 1920s, it has been inseparable from claims thatChinahas the oldest unbroken civilisation on Earth.Leading archaeologists say that the site has the right combination of location, age and distinctive culturalelements to be the capital of an early Chinese kingdom. That would make it a bridge betweenChina's written history and the era of the Yellow Emperor, who is said to rule over these central plains almost 5,000 years ago, though many foreign scholars doubt his existence. Chinese media call the site proof ofChina's 5,000 years of history.Foreigners complain about a lack of written records, Mr. Wang notes. Perhaps they are missing symbols that will one day be understood, for instance in patterned pottery. Outsiders “can't keep using Western standards to apply to Chinese ruins,” he argues.8. What does the underlined word “crumble” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Break.B. Start.C. Wait.D. Shine.9. Why does Shuanghuaishu attract visitors?A. It has appealing scenery.B. It has various precious treasures.C. It is of great historical significance.D. It is easily accessible.10. What is Mr. Wang's attitude towards foreigners’ view?A. Unconcern.B. Disapproving.C. Supportive.D. Not mentioned.11. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Chinese history amazes the world.B. Chinese archaeology catches on.C. China follows its tradition.D.Chinadigs its past.DSometimes people make history. George Washington became the first president of theUnited Statesand made history. Sometimes wars make history. The two World Wars are examples. Sometimes nature even becomes part of history. Shaking earthquakes are recorded in history books.Sixteen years ago, nature caused just such a history-making event. In September 2005, Hurricane Katrina came ashore inNew Orleans,Louisiana. The deadly storm floodedNew Orleans. Before Katrina, no other big American city had ever flooded in the history of the country. This natural disaster caused great harm and death.New Orleansis located below sea level. This location places it at great risk. Levees were built to protectNew Orleansfrom the ocean. (A levee is like a wall between the city and the ocean.) When Hurricane Katrina came ashore, water moved over the levees into the city. Flooding made it necessary for everyone to leave the city. Before Katrina, Creole food (a special kind of cooking only inLouisiana) filled the air with delicious smells. The sound of jazz music traveled through the streets. Now the city has to return to its former glory.Before Katrina, ernment had never made everyone leave a city. People inNew Orleanshad to findshelter quickly. Some had to stay at theSuperdomeSportsCenter. Some rode on buses to other towns. Thousands drove their cars to get away from the storm. The roads and shelters filled up fast.The lesson learned from Katrina was that cities must be better prepared for big storms and other terrible disasters caused by nature. Being prepared might have kept more people safe. Hurricane Katrina is one of the history-making events that will be remembered forever. Today, history is still being made that will shape the future.12. What does the author tell us aboutNew Orleans?A. It was built above sea level.B. It had few jazz musicians after Katrina.C. It was the firstU.S.city that had been flooded.D. It created a wholly new way to cook after Katrina.13. What can we say about the levees?A. They were almost useless for fighting Katrina.B. They helped people leaveNew Orleansquickly.C. They made NewOrleansa special American city.D. They should be built to match the size ofNew Orleans.14. What might the author advise city governments to do?A. Put up more shelters in the city.B. Build more levees around the city.C. Teach people how to avoid floods.D. Try to get ready for natural disasters.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Storms are dangerousB. Katrina makes historyC. Floods shapeLouisianaD. History must be remembered第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019版高中物理《复习方略》教科版课时提升作业(四) 必修1 第二章第1讲重力弹力摩擦力

关闭Word 文档返回原板块。

课时提升作业（四） (40分钟 100分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题7分,共70分。

多选题已在题号后标出,选不全得4分) 1.(多选)对于相互接触的两个物体之间同一接触面上的弹力和摩擦力,以下说法中正确的是( ) A.有弹力必有摩擦力 B.有摩擦力必有弹力C.摩擦力的大小一定与弹力成正比D.摩擦力的方向一定与弹力的方向垂直2.(多选)(2018·济宁模拟)如图所示,小球A 的重力为G=20N,上端被竖直悬线挂于O 点,下端与水平桌面相接触,悬线对球A 、水平桌面对球A 的弹力大小可能为( ) A.0,G B.G,0 C.G 2,G 2 D.G 2,32G 3.自卸式运输车是车厢配有自动倾卸装置的汽车,又称为翻斗车、工程车,由汽车底盘、液压举升机构、取力装置和货厢组成。

如图所示,在车厢由水平位置逐渐抬起的过程中,有关货物所受车厢的支持力N 和摩擦力f,下列说法中正确的是( ) A.摩擦力f 逐渐增大 B.摩擦力f 先增大后不变 C.支持力N 逐渐减小D.支持力N 先减小后不变4.一个长度为L 的轻弹簧,将其上端固定,下端挂一个质量为m 的小球时,弹簧的总长度变为2L 。

现将两个这样的弹簧按如图所示方式连接,A 、B 两小球的质量均为m,则两小球平衡时,B 小球距悬点O 的距离为(不考虑小球的大小)( ) A.3L B.4L C.5L D.6L5.如图所示,用水平力F 推乙物块,使甲、乙、丙、丁四个完全相同的物块一起沿水平地面以相同的速度匀速运动,各物块受到摩擦力的情况是( )A.甲物块受到一个摩擦力的作用B.乙物块受到两个摩擦力的作用C.丙物块受到两个摩擦力的作用D.丁物块没有受到摩擦力的作用6.(2018·佛山模拟)如图所示,放在粗糙水平面上的物体A 上叠放着物体B,A 和B 之间有一根处于压缩状态的弹簧。

浩海学校高二物理上学期期中试题21

涝酒州涉消市浩海学校广西北海市合浦县高二物理上学期期中考试试题新人教版（选修3-1）（时间：120分钟满分 120分） 11月注意：本试卷分为选择题卷（Ⅰ卷）和答题卷（Ⅱ卷）两部分。

为方便教师评卷，请考生在答题卷（Ⅱ卷）上作答，考试结束后，考生只需交答题卷，在选择题卷（Ⅰ卷）上答题无效。

Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题（每小题3分，共36分）请将每小题中唯一正确的选项的字母代号选出来，填在答题卷（Ⅱ卷）上对应题号的方格内，选对的得3分，不选或选错的得零分。

1. 关于库仑定律，下列说法中正确的是A. 库仑定律适用于点电荷，点电荷其实就是很小的球体B. 根据F = K221r Q Q ，当两点电荷间的距离趋于零时，库仑力将趋向于无穷大C. 若点电荷Q 1的电荷量大于Q 2的电荷量，则Q 1对Q 2的库仑力大于Q 2对Q 1的库仑力D. 库仑定律和万有引力定律的表达式相似，都是平方反比定律 2. 关于电场强度，下列说法中正确的是 A. 电场强度的大小和检验电荷q 0的大小成正比B. 点电荷在电场中某点受力的方向，一定是该点电场强度的方向C. 在电场中某点，检验电荷q 0所受的力与q 0的比值不随q 0的大小而变化D. 在以点电荷为中心的球面上，由该点电荷所产生的电场的电场强度处处相同 3. 在静电场中，下列说法中正确的是 A. 电场强度为零的点，电势也一定为零B. 电场强度处处相等的区域内，电势也一定处处相等C. 只在电场力作用下，正电荷一定从电势高的地方向电势低的地方移动D. 沿着电力线方向，电势一定越来越低4. 对于电场中A、B的两点，下列说法中正确的是A. 电势差的公式U AB = W AB/q，说明两点间的电势差U AB与电场力做功W AB成正比，与移动电荷的电荷量q成反比B. A、B两点间的电势差等于将正电荷从A点移到B点电场力所做的功C. 将1 C电荷从A点移到B点，电场力做1 J的功，这两点间的电势差为1 VD. 电势差既然有正负之分，电势差就是矢量5. 下列关于匀强电场中电场强度和电势差的关系的说法中，正确的是A. 任意两点之间的电势差，等于电场强度和这两点间距离的乘积B. 在任何方向上，若两点间的距离相等，则它们之间的电势差就相等C. 沿着电场线方向，任何相等距离上的电势降低量必定相等D. 电势降落的方向必定是电场强度的方向6. 如图2—1所示，带正电的导体球A置于原来不带电的空腔导体球内，M、P分别是导体A、B内的点，N 为导体A和B之间的一点，则下列说法中正确的是A. M、N、P三点的电势都相等B. M点的电场强度为0，电势最高C. N点的电场强度为0，电势大于0D. M、N、P三点的电场强度都为07. 关于电容器和电容，下列说法中正确的是A. 电容器的电容越大，则所带的电荷量越多B. 电容器不带电荷时，其电容为零C. 对一个确定的电容器来说，其电容与带电情况无关，是个定值D. 由C = Q/U可知，C与Q成正比，C与U成反比8. 如图2—2所示，带电荷量为+q、质量为m的滑块，沿固定绝缘斜面匀速下滑，现加一竖直向上的匀强电场，电场强度为E，且qE＜mg。

2021年粤教版九年级化学(上册)期中总复习及答案

2021年粤教版九年级化学(上册)期中总复习及答案(时间：60分钟分数：100分)班级：姓名：分数：一、选择题（每小题只有1个选项符合题意。

共20小题，每题2分，共40分）1、将一定量的铁粉加入到含有Cu（NO3）2和AgNO3的废液中，充分反应后过滤，向滤渣中加入稀盐酸，无气泡产生。

下列判断正确的是（）A．滤渣中一定含有Ag和Cu，滤液中一定含有Fe（NO3）2B．滤渣中一定不含Fe，滤液中一定含有Fe（NO3）2和Cu（NO3）2C．滤渣中一定含有Ag，滤液中可能含有Cu（NO3）2和AgNO3D．滤渣中一定含有Ag和Cu，滤液中可能含有Cu（NO3）2和AgNO32、如图所示仪器中可以用酒精灯直接加热的是（）A．B．C．D．3、下列对化肥的认识不正确的是（）A．KNO3是一种复合肥B．施用氮肥，能促进植物茎叶生长C．铵态氮肥不能与碱性肥料混合使用D．化肥能提高粮食产量，施用越多越好4、一定质量的某有机化合物完全燃烧，生成2.2gCO2和1.8gH2O，另取3.2g 该有机化合物在O2中完全燃烧，消耗4.8gO2，该有机化合物的化学式可能是（）A．C2H4B．CH4O C．CH4D．C2H4O5、下列关于氢氧化钠的描述中错误的是（）A．可用于改良酸性土壤 B．易溶于水，溶解时放出大量的热C．能去除油污，可作炉具清洁剂 D．对皮肤有强烈的腐蚀作用6、欲配制10.0%的NaCI溶液50g，部分操作如下图所示，正确的是（）A ．取固体B ．称固体C ．量取水D ．写标签7、赏中华诗词，品生活之美。

下列诗词中，不涉及化学变化的是（）A．爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏B．北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘C．人间巧艺夺天工，炼药燃灯清昼同D．野火烧不尽，春风吹又生8、下列对几种有机化合物的叙述正确的是（）A．甲烷中含有1个碳原子和4个氢原子B．乙醇（C2H6O）中碳、氢、氧元素的质量比为2：6：1C．尿素[CO（NH2）2]的相对分子质量为60gD．葡萄糖（C6H12O6）中碳元素的质量分数为40%9、金属是重要的资源．下列有关金属制备的说法错误的是（）A．“湿法炼铜”的化学原理可以表示为：Fe+CuSO4═FeSO4+CuB．电解氯化镁可以制备金属镁，该反应为分解反应C．工业上用一氧化碳还原氧化铁制备铁，该反应属于置换反应D．金矿中的金是以单质形式存在，用物理方法可以制得10、土壤的酸碱度会影响植物的生长。

浩海学校高中试卷试题复习第一物理下学期期中试题

涝酒州涉消市浩海学校茂名一中高一（下）期中物理试卷一．单选题（5小题，每题4分，共20分）1．（4分）（2014春•校级期末）物体做曲线运动时，一定变化的物理量是（）A．速率B．速度C．加速度D．合外力2．（4分）（2014春•香洲区校级期中）做平抛运动的物体，在水平方向上通过的最大距离取决于（）A．物体下落的高度和受到的重力B．物体受到的重力和初速度C．物体下落的高度和初速度D．物体受到的重力、下落的高度和初速度3．（4分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）关于万有引力和万有引力定律的理解正确的是（）A．不能看作质点的两物体间不存在相互作用的万有引力B．只有能看作质点的两物体间的引力才能直接用万有引力定律公式计算C．由万有引力定律公式知，两物体间距离r减小时，它们之间的引力增大D．万有引力常量的大小首先是由牛顿测出来的，且等于6.67×10﹣11N•m2/kg24．（4分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）地球质量约为月球的81倍，在登月飞船通过地球和月球之间受到地球对飞船的引力和月球对飞船引力大小相等时，飞船距月球中心和地球中心的距离比为（）A．1：27 B．1：9 C．1：3 D．3：15．（4分）（2014春•佛山期中）如图所示，以10米/秒的水平初速度v0抛出的物体，飞行一段时间后，垂直撞在倾角θ为30°的斜面上，可知物体完成这段飞行的时间是（）（g=10m/s2）A．秒B．秒C．秒D．2秒二．双选题（5小题，每题6分，全对6分，有错0分，共30分）6．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）关于地球上的物体，以下说法正确的是（）A．在赤道上的物体线速度最大B．在两极上的物体线速度最大C．在赤道上的物体角速度最大D．北京和南京的角速度大小相等7．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）下列关于向心力的说法中，正确的是（）A．做匀速圆周运动的质点会产生一个向心力B．做匀速圆周运动的质点所受各力中包括一个向心力C．做匀速圆周运动的质点所受各力的合力提供向心力D．做匀速圆周运动的质点所受的向心力是恒定不变的8．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）物体在平抛运动过程中，在相等的时间内，下列哪些量是相等的（）A．速度的增量B．加速度C．位移D．平均速率9．（6分）（2011春•龙岗区期末）从地面上以20m/s的初速度竖直上抛一个物体，若不计空气阻力，g取10m/s2，则球运动到距离地面高15m的位置所经历的时间为（）A．1s B．2s C．3s D．4s10．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）如图所示，为一皮带传动装置，若在传动过程中，皮带不打滑，则（）A．a点与b点线速度大小相等B．a点与d点角速度大小相等C． a点与c点线速度大小相等D．b点与c点角速度大小相等三．实验题（6空，每空3分，共18分）11．（12分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）某同学做自由落体运动实验（1）实验室备有下列仪器：A．长度为1m最小刻度为毫米的刻度尺； B．秒表； C．电磁打点计时器；D．低压交流电源（50Hz）；E．低压直流电源； F．天平．为了较准确测量重锤下落的加速度的数值，上述仪器中必须有的是（填字母代号）．（2）A．更换不同的纸带，重复上述实验．B．用铁架台将打点计时器竖直固定．C．接通电源，释放纸带．D．穿好纸带，将重物提到靠近打点打点计时器的地方．请写出自由落体的正确实验步骤（填字母代号）．（3）在做“研究自由落体运动”实验中，打点记时器打出的一条纸带中的某段如图所示，若A，B，C …点间的时间间隔均为0.10s，从图中给定的长度，求重锤的加速度大小是m/s2，打下C点时重锤的速度大小是m/s．（结果均保留两位有效数字）12．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）在研究平抛运动的实验中，用一张印有小方格的纸记录轨迹，小方格的边长L=1.25cm，当地的重力加速度为g；若小球在平抛运动中先后经过的几个位置如图中的a、b、c、d所示，则小球平抛的初速度的计算式为V0= （用L、g表示），其值是m/s．（结果保留一位有效数字，g=10m/s2）四．计算题（共32分，要求：解答过程书写要清晰，有必要的文字说明，必须在指定的答题区域内作答，否则无效）13．（10分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）如图所示，一个人用长为1m的轻绳，系着一个质量为1kg的小球，在竖直平面内做圆周运动，已知圆心O离地面高h=6m．转动中小球在圆周的最底点时小球的速度v=2m/s，g=10m/s2．求：（1）在最低点时，小球对绳子拉力的大小．（2）如果小球在最低点时绳子突然断了，小球落地点与抛出点间的水平距离多大？14．（10分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）宇航员站在某一星球表面上高H处，沿水平方向抛出一小球，经过时间t，小球落到星球表面．已知该星球是质量均匀分布的球体，半径为R，万有引力常数为G，H远小于R，且可以忽略星球自转的影响．求：（1）该星球表面的重力加速度的大小．（2）该星球的质量M．（3）该星球的密度ρ．15．（12分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）如图所示，飞机离地面高度为H=500m，水平飞行速度为v1=100m/s，追击一辆速度为v2=20m/s同向行驶的汽车，假设炸弹在空中飞行时的阻力忽略不计，汽车可以看作是质点，欲使飞机投下的炸弹击中汽车，g=10m/s2．求：（1）从飞机投下炸弹开始计时，炸弹在空中飞行时间？（2）飞机应在距离汽车的水平距离多远处投弹？（3）如果把汽车换成是100m长的火车，火车高度忽略不计，要使飞机投下的炸弹击中火车，求飞机距离火车尾部的水平距离投弹的范围．茂名一中高一（下）期中物理试卷参考答案与试题解析一．单选题（5小题，每题4分，共20分）1．（4分）（2014春•校级期末）物体做曲线运动时，一定变化的物理量是（）A．速率B．速度C．加速度D．合外力考点：曲线运动．分析：既然是曲线运动，它的速度的方向必定是改变的，所以曲线运动一定是变速运动，它的速度肯定是变化的；而匀速圆周运动的速率是不变的，平抛运动的合力、加速度是不变的．解答：解：A、匀速圆周运动的速度的大小是不变的，即速率是不变的，故A错误．B、物体既然做曲线运动，那么它的速度方向肯定是不断变化的，所以速度一定在变化，故B正确．D、平抛运动也是曲线运动，合外力为重力，加速度是重力加速度，都是不变的，故CD错误．故选：B点评：曲线运动不能只想着匀速圆周运动，平抛也是曲线运动的一种，在做题时一定要考虑全面．2．（4分）（2014春•香洲区校级期中）做平抛运动的物体，在水平方向上通过的最大距离取决于（）A．物体下落的高度和受到的重力B．物体受到的重力和初速度C．物体下落的高度和初速度D．物体受到的重力、下落的高度和初速度考点：平抛运动．专题：平抛运动专题．分析：平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向上做自由落体运动，运动的时间由高度决定，初速度和时间共同决定水平位移．解答：解：由平抛可得：x=v0t故：t=，x=v0，即：平抛运动的水平射程由物体下落的高度和初速度共同决定，故C正确，ABD错误故选：C点评：解决本题的关键知道平抛运动在水平方向和竖直方向上的运动规律，知道水平位移由高度和初速度共同决定．3．（4分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）关于万有引力和万有引力定律的理解正确的是（）A．不能看作质点的两物体间不存在相互作用的万有引力B．只有能看作质点的两物体间的引力才能直接用万有引力定律公式计算C．由万有引力定律公式知，两物体间距离r减小时，它们之间的引力增大D．万有引力常量的大小首先是由牛顿测出来的，且等于6.67×10﹣11N•m2/kg2考点：万有引力定律及其应用．专题：万有引力定律的应用专题．分析：万有引力存在于一切物体之间，大小为：F=G：其中G为万有引力常量，是卡文迪许最先测出的．r为两物体之间的距离．m1m2分别为两物体的质量．解答：解：A：万有引力存在于一切物体之间，故A错误．B：r为两物体之间的距离，就是重心到重心的距离，所以如果知道两个物体间重心之间的距离，就算不能看成质点也能用万有引力公式进行计算．例如：两个靠的很近的铅球之间的万有引力．故B错误．C：由F=G，G是常量，m1m2一定，故两物体间距离r减小时，它们之间的引力增大．故C正确．D：G为万有引力常量，是卡文迪许最先测出的．故D错误．故选：C点评：此题需要掌握万有引力定律的公式，以及应用条件．G为万有引力常量，是卡文迪许最先测出的，现在剑桥大学有卡文迪许试验室．4．（4分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）地球质量约为月球的81倍，在登月飞船通过地球和月球之间受到地球对飞船的引力和月球对飞船引力大小相等时，飞船距月球中心和地球中心的距离比为（）A．1：27 B．1：9 C．1：3 D．3：1考点：人造卫星的加速度、周期和轨道的关系；万有引力定律及其应用．专题：人造卫星问题．分析：根据万有引力定律表示出地球对飞行器的引力和月球对飞行器的引力．根据引力相等找出飞行器距地心距离与距月心距离之比．解答：解：设月球质量为M，地球质量就为81M．飞行器距月心距离为r1，飞行器距地心距离为r2．由于地球对它的引力和月球对它的引力相等，根据万有引力定律得：解得：故ACD错误，B正确；故选：B．点评：该题考查的是万有引力定律的应用，根据题意列出等式求解即可．5．（4分）（2014春•佛山期中）如图所示，以10米/秒的水平初速度v0抛出的物体，飞行一段时间后，垂直撞在倾角θ为30°的斜面上，可知物体完成这段飞行的时间是（）（g=10m/s2）A．秒B．秒C．秒D．2秒考点：平抛运动．专题：平抛运动专题．分析：小球垂直地撞在倾角θ为30°的斜面上，知小球的速度方向与斜面垂直，将该速度进行分解，根据水平方向上的速度求出竖直方向上的分速度，根据竖直方向上做自由落体运动求出物体飞行的时间．解答：解：小球撞在斜面上的速度与斜面垂直，将该速度分解，如图．则tan60°=，则．所以运动的时间t=．故C正确，A、B、D错误．故选：C．点评：解决本题的关键知道平抛运动在水平方向和竖直方向上的运动规律，根据竖直方向上的分速度求出运动的时间．二．双选题（5小题，每题6分，全对6分，有错0分，共30分）6．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）关于地球上的物体，以下说法正确的是（）A．在赤道上的物体线速度最大B．在两极上的物体线速度最大C．在赤道上的物体角速度最大D．北京和南京的角速度大小相等考点：线速度、角速度和周期、转速．专题：匀速圆周运动专题．分析：同轴转动角速度相同，根据v=ωr知线速度与半径成正比，从而判定各选项．解答：解：在该题中，在地球上各点角速度相等，即有：ωA=ωB，所以由v=ωr知转动半径越大，线速度越大，在地球上赤道上线速度最大，两极最小，故AD正确，BC错误；故选：AD．点评：解决此问题关键是找到不变的物理量，知道同轴转动角速度相等，皮带联动线速度相同．7．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）下列关于向心力的说法中，正确的是（）A．做匀速圆周运动的质点会产生一个向心力B．做匀速圆周运动的质点所受各力中包括一个向心力C．做匀速圆周运动的质点所受各力的合力提供向心力D．做匀速圆周运动的质点所受的向心力是恒定不变的考点：向心力．专题：匀速圆周运动专题．分析：物体做匀速圆周运动靠合力提供向心力，向心力的方向始终指向圆心．解答：解：A、向心力是物体做圆周运动所需要的力，不是做圆周运动的质点产生的力．故A错误．B、C、物体做匀速圆周运动需要的向心力并不是物体实际受到的力，而是靠合力提供向心力．故B错误，C正确．D、做匀速圆周运动的物体向心力的方向始终指向圆心，方向时刻改变．故D错误．故选：C点评：解决本题的关键知道圆周运动向心力的来源，知道向心力的方向．8．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）物体在平抛运动过程中，在相等的时间内，下列哪些量是相等的（）A．速度的增量B．加速度C．位移D．平均速率考点：平抛运动．专题：平抛运动专题．分析：平抛运动的加速度不变，在相等时间内的速度变化量相等，平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向上做自由落体运动，结合两个分运动的规律分析判断．解答：解：A、平抛运动的加速度不变，可知相等时间内的速度的增量相同，故A正确，B 正确．C、在相等时间内，水平位移相等，竖直位移不等，根据平行四边形定则知，位移不等，故C错误．D、平均速率等于路程与时间的比值，相等时间内运动的轨迹长度不等，则平均速率不等，故D错误．故选：AB．点评：解决本题的关键知道平抛运动的特点，知道平抛运动在水平方向和竖直方向上的运动规律，基础题．9．（6分）（2011春•龙岗区期末）从地面上以20m/s的初速度竖直上抛一个物体，若不计空气阻力，g取10m/s2，则球运动到距离地面高15m的位置所经历的时间为（）A．1s B．2s C．3s D．4s考点：竖直上抛运动．分析：物体做竖直上抛运动，只需要将其代入竖直上抛的运动规律：h=v0t﹣gt2进行计算．解答：解：由竖直上抛的运动规律有：h=v0t﹣gt2代入数据得：15=20t﹣5t2解得：t=1s或3s；当物体向上经15m时，t=1s；当物体向下返回15m时，t=3s；故选：AC．点评：竖直上抛运动有两个过程，物体到达最高点后不能静止，而是向下继续运动．10．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）如图所示，为一皮带传动装置，若在传动过程中，皮带不打滑，则（）A．a点与b点线速度大小相等B．a点与d点角速度大小相等C． a点与c点线速度大小相等D．b点与c点角速度大小相等考点：线速度、角速度和周期、转速．专题：匀速圆周运动专题．分析：靠传送带传到的各点线速度大小相等，共轴转动的角速度相等，结合公式v=rω进行比较即可．解答：解：A、点a和点c靠传送带传动，则a、c的线速度大小相等；b、c共轴转动，角速度相等，而c的转动半径大于b的转动半径，根据公式v=rω，c的线速度大于b的线速度；故a的线速度大于b的线速度，故A错误；B、点b和点c是共轴转动，故角速度相等；点a和点c靠传送带传动，故线速度相等，根据v=rω，由于c的转动半径大于a的转动半径，故c点的角速度小于a点的角速度；故a的角速度大于d的角速度，故B错误；C、点a和点c靠传送带传动，故线速度相等；故C正确；D、b点与c点是共轴转动，角速度相等，故D正确；故选：CD．点评：解决本题的关键知道靠传送带传到轮子边缘上点的线速度大小相等，共轴转动的各点角速度大小相等，基础题目．三．实验题（6空，每空3分，共18分）11．（12分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）某同学做自由落体运动实验（1）实验室备有下列仪器：A．长度为1m最小刻度为毫米的刻度尺； B．秒表； C．电磁打点计时器；D．低压交流电源（50Hz）；E．低压直流电源； F．天平．为了较准确测量重锤下落的加速度的数值，上述仪器中必须有的是ACD （填字母代号）．（2）A．更换不同的纸带，重复上述实验．B．用铁架台将打点计时器竖直固定．C．接通电源，释放纸带．D．穿好纸带，将重物提到靠近打点打点计时器的地方．请写出自由落体的正确实验步骤BDCA （填字母代号）．（3）在做“研究自由落体运动”实验中，打点记时器打出的一条纸带中的某段如图所示，若A，B，C …点间的时间间隔均为0.10s，从图中给定的长度，求重锤的加速度大小是9.5 m/s2，打下C点时重锤的速度大小是 1.9 m/s．（结果均保留两位有效数字）考点：验证机械能守恒定律．专题：实验题；机械能守恒定律应用专题．分析：（1）根据实验的原理确定需要测量的物理量，从而确定所需的器材．（2）实验是通过研究重锤做自由落体运动来测量重锤下落加速度．（3）根据匀变速直线运动的推论公式△x=aT2可以求出加速度的大小，根据匀变速直线运动中时间中点的速度等于该过程中的平均速度，可以求出打纸带上C点时小车的瞬时速度大小．解答：解：（1）实验需要使用打点计时器研究，电源选择低压交流电源（50Hz），刻度尺要用来测量纸带的点之间的距离，所以必须要有长度为1m最小刻度为毫米的刻度尺；物体的质量不需要知道，所以不用天平测物体的质量，打点计时器本身就是计时的仪器，所以不需要秒表．所以上述仪器中必须有的是ADE．（2）根据测量重锤下落的加速度的数值，让重锤自由落体，因此操作步骤：先用铁架台将打点计时器竖直固定；接着穿好纸带，将重物提到靠近打点打点计时器的地方；然后接通电源，释放纸带；最后更换不同的纸带，重复上述实验．则正确实验步骤：BDCA；（3）根据匀变速直线运动中时间中点的速度等于该过程中的平均速度，有：vC====1.9m/s由题意可知：xAB=5.1cm=0.051m，xBC=19.0﹣5.1=13.9cm=0.139m，xCD=43.1cm﹣19.0cm=24.1cm=0.241m，xDE=76.0cm﹣43.1cm=32.9cm=0.329m；所以根据逐差法有：△x=aT2，则有：a=，故带入数据解得：a==9.5m/s2．故答案为：（1）ACD，（2）BDCA；（3）9.5，1.9．点评：本题借助实验考查了匀变速直线的规律以及推论的应用，在平时练习中要加强基础知识的理解与应用，提高解决问题能力．12．（6分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）在研究平抛运动的实验中，用一张印有小方格的纸记录轨迹，小方格的边长L=1.25cm，当地的重力加速度为g；若小球在平抛运动中先后经过的几个位置如图中的a、b、c、d所示，则小球平抛的初速度的计算式为V0= （用L、g表示），其值是0.5 m/s．（结果保留一位有效数字，g=10m/s2）考点：研究平抛物体的运动．专题：实验题；平抛运动专题．分析：平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向上做自由落体运动，根据竖直方向上连续相等时间内的位移之差是一恒量求出相等的时间间隔，结合水平位移和时间间隔求出初速度．解答：解：根据△y=2L=gT2得，T=，则平抛运动的初速度，代入数据解得v0=0.5m/s．故答案为：，0.5．点评：解决本题的关键知道平抛运动在水平方向和竖直方向上的运动规律，结合运动学公式和推论灵活求解．四．计算题（共32分，要求：解答过程书写要清晰，有必要的文字说明，必须在指定的答题区域内作答，否则无效）13．（10分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）如图所示，一个人用长为1m的轻绳，系着一个质量为1kg的小球，在竖直平面内做圆周运动，已知圆心O离地面高h=6m．转动中小球在圆周的最底点时小球的速度v=2m/s，g=10m/s2．求：（1）在最低点时，小球对绳子拉力的大小．（2）如果小球在最低点时绳子突然断了，小球落地点与抛出点间的水平距离多大？考点：向心力；平抛运动．专题：牛顿第二定律在圆周运动中的应用．分析：（1）在最低点，小球受重力和拉力，合力充当向心力，根据牛顿第二定律列式求解拉力；（2）绳断后，小球做平抛运动，根据平抛运动的分位移公式列式求解．解答：解：（1）最低点，小球受重力和拉力，合力充当向心力，根据牛顿第二定律，有：T﹣mg=m代入数据解得：T=m（g+）=1×（10+）N=14N；（2）绳断后，小球做平抛运动，根据平抛运动的分位移公式，有x=vth﹣R=gt2；联立解得x=v=2×m=2m答：（1）在最低点时，小球对绳子拉力的大小是14N．（2）如果小球在最低点时绳子突然断了，小球落地点与抛出点间的水平距离是2m．点评：本题关键明确小球的运动规律，然后根据牛顿第二定律和平抛运动的规律列式求解．14．（10分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）宇航员站在某一星球表面上高H处，沿水平方向抛出一小球，经过时间t，小球落到星球表面．已知该星球是质量均匀分布的球体，半径为R，万有引力常数为G，H远小于R，且可以忽略星球自转的影响．求：（1）该星球表面的重力加速度的大小．（2）该星球的质量M．（3）该星球的密度ρ．考点：人造卫星的加速度、周期和轨道的关系；万有引力定律及其应用．专题：人造卫星问题．分析：根据平抛求出星球表面重力加速度，再根据重力与万有引力相等求星球的质量，根据密度的定义式计算星球的密度．解答：解：（1）平抛运动在竖直方向上做自由落体运动，根据自由落体运动的规律，得．（2）在星球表上的物体受到的重力等于万有引力，得=（3）根据密度的定义可知==答：（1）该星球表面的重力加速度的大小为．（2）该星球的质量M为．（3）该星球的密度ρ为．点评：本题是万有引力与平抛运动的综合，要抓住平抛运动的加速度就等于重力加速度，能熟练运用运动的分解法处理平抛运动，根据万有引力等于重力求天体的质量．15．（12分）（2014春•茂南区校级期中）如图所示，飞机离地面高度为H=500m，水平飞行速度为v1=100m/s，追击一辆速度为v2=20m/s同向行驶的汽车，假设炸弹在空中飞行时的阻力忽略不计，汽车可以看作是质点，欲使飞机投下的炸弹击中汽车，g=10m/s2．求：（1）从飞机投下炸弹开始计时，炸弹在空中飞行时间？（2）飞机应在距离汽车的水平距离多远处投弹？（3）如果把汽车换成是100m长的火车，火车高度忽略不计，要使飞机投下的炸弹击中火车，求飞机距离火车尾部的水平距离投弹的范围．考点：平抛运动．专题：平抛运动专题．分析：根据高度求出平抛的时间，结合炸弹和汽车的水平位移关系求出投弹时距离火车的水平距离．抓住炸弹落在火车尾部和头部，结合位移关系，运用运动学公式求出飞机距离火车尾部的水平距离投弹的范围．解答：解：（1）根据H=得，t=．（2）根据v1t=v2t+x得，x=（v1﹣v2）t=（100﹣20）×10m=800m．（3）当炸弹落在火车的尾部，根据v1t=v2t+x1得，x1=（v1﹣v2）t=（100﹣20）×10m=800m，当炸弹落在火车的前部，根据v1t=v2t+x2+L得，x2=（v1﹣v2）t﹣L=800﹣100m=700m，则投弹的是距离火车尾部的水平距离范围为700m≤x≤800m．答：（1）炸弹在空中飞行时间为10s；（2）飞机应在距离汽车的水平距离800m处投弹．（3）飞机距离火车尾部的水平距离投弹的范围为700m≤x≤800m．点评：解决本题的关键知道平抛运动在水平方向和竖直方向上的运动规律，结合运动学公式灵活求解．。

【高一】广东省普宁二中2021 2021学年高一上学期期中考试物理试题(无答

【高一】广东省普宁二中2021 2021学年高一上学期期中考试物理试题（无答【高一】广东省普宁二中2021-2021学年高一上学期期中考试物理试题（无答试卷描述：2021-2021普宁二中高一物理期中考试卷（时间：90分钟，满分：100分）命题人：李锡轮一、单项选择题（共32分，以下每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求，请将正确的答案填入答题卡相应位置）1．．如图所示，a．甲的路程小b．甲的位移c．两者位移相同d．两者路程相同．．．(a)a．位移、速度、加速度、平均速度b．位移、速度、路程、摩擦力c．位移、时间、时刻、平均速率d．加速度、瞬时速度、质量、弹力6．.5秒b.0.4秒c.0.3秒d.0.2秒７．如图所示，用水平力f将物体压在竖直墙壁上，保持静止状态，物体所受的摩擦力的大小（c）a．随f的增大而增大b．随f的减小而减小c．等于物体重力的大小d．可能大于物体重力的大小8．a.静摩擦力一定发生在静止的两个物体之间b.静摩擦力的方向可能与物体的运动方向相同c.摩擦力的方向一定与压力的方向垂直d.滑动摩擦力总是与重力成正比10．某物体运动的速度图象如图所示,a．0―?2s内的加速度为1m/b0?―5s内的位移为10mc第1s末与第3s末的速度方向相同d第1s末与第5s末加速度方向相同．12．13．14.（4分）如图所示，重力g＝20?n的物体放在水平地面上，当物体受到两个水平推力f1＝10?n、f2＝4?n作用时，处于静止状态，此时的摩擦力大小为n，方向（填“向左”或“向右”）。

若将f1撤去，摩擦力大小变为n，方向（填“向左”或“向右”）。

15．．．一小球从离地80m高处，重力加速度g=10m/s2；求：（1）它到达地面所需的时间（2）下落2秒时的速度（3）落地前最后一秒内的．，加速行驶后匀速行驶，然后关闭发动机，匀减速滑行后正好停在乙站。

求这辆汽车：（1）匀减速过程的加速度大小；（2）从甲站运动到乙站的时间；（3）从甲站到乙站的平均速度大小。

2021届中山市中山市濠头中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2021届中山市中山市濠头中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BIn June, 2021, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.4. What can we learn from Mr. Bjomson? .A. Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B. The study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D. Scientific research is too far away from high school students.5. What is the primary purpose of the project ? .A. To find the early signs of earthquakes.B. To relate studies to practical.C. To help high school students study real-world engineering.D. To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.6. According to the passage, what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite? .A. It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B. It is intended for international communication.C. It is designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size.D. It is challenged by university students around the world.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Manitoba SchoolB. Win-Cube ProgramC. Space Co-operationD. Satellite LaunchingCThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conductedin Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves ina one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.8. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.9. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants’ lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.10. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?DImagine turning on the GPS and seeing an image of your car from above. As the car drives, the map follows along in real time, alarming you to any traffic, pedestrians,animals, or other things nearby. Routes and names of roads appear over the live stream. It's like the map has come to life.This type of map isn't available yet. But it could be soon. In 2014, the Worldview-3 satellites was launched into space. Even though it orbits Earth at more than 370 miles（600 km）away, it can capture images of objects on Earth that are just 10 inches（25cm）across.Peeringall the way from outer space, it can make out a smartphone held in your hand. It can tell what types of cars are traveling down a road. But it can't identify your face or read the cars' license plate numbers . . . at least not openly.According to some reports, this satellite and other US spy satellites have the technology to take even sharper images, with a resolution（分辨率）of up to around 4 inches（10cm）. ButUS law forbids making these super-sharp pictures public, to prevent enemies from using them. But the idea that anybody might be able to spy on the entire Earth in such detail may seem horrible. Live, high-detail satellite mapping could possibly be used to monitor anybody at any time. Ray Purdy of University College London told CNN that he is concerned about what this could mean for privacy. Most satellites are commercially owned, so if you have money you can buy that imagery. “It means anyone can spy on anyone,” he said.At the same time, live, detailed maps of Earth's surface could be useful in amazing ways. Live maps of a disaster area could quickly discover people in need of rescue as well as the safest routes in or out. Satellite images are already helping catch illegal logging and fishing operations. Higher detail may make it possible to catch other criminals in the act. The images could also make it easier for farmers to watch over their crops.What do you think? Do you wish everyone could access high-detail live maps of Earth's surface?12. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A. SeeingB. StandingC. WalkingD. Hearing13. Why does US law forbid making super-sharp pictures public?A. to protect the technology.B. for the sake of safety.C. to protect the environment.D. to threat other countries.14. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. This super-sharp map hasn't been put into market.B. Worldview-3 satellites orbits the Earth at 370 km away.C. Personal privacy is safely protected if you use the super-sharp map.D. The super-sharp map should be completely forbidden.15. How is this technology used in agriculture?A. It can help improve the production of crops.B. It can help kill pests.C. It can help farmer to watch over their crops from far away.D. It can help increase farm land.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021二年级数学下学期期中识点整理复习专项突破训练

2021二年级数学下学期期中识点整理复习专项突破训练班级：_____________ 姓名：_____________填空题1. 看图填时间。

①______ ②______ ③______2. 想一下，填一填。

看下图，刘敏从胜利站出发，向______走到新华站，再向______方向走到广场站。

3. 动动脑，填一填。

1.面向西站立，向右转动两周半，面向______；向左转动1周半，面向______。

2.面向东南站立，当她向后转之后，左面是______，右面是______。

4. 我知道，也会填。

1.丽丽用4米长的竹竿量井深，竹竿露出井沿部分是1米．井深______米.2.下面纸条的长度是______厘米．5. 在横线上填上合适的时间单位。

一节课的时间是35______小学生每天在校时间是6______。

工人叔叔每天工作8______李勇从家走到学校要15______。

乘除法运算6. 在横线填上“＞”、“＜”或“＝”。

5______20÷5 30÷6______6 40______6×512÷3______5 6______36÷6 20______4×57. 解决问题，列式计算。

1.学校买回63棵树苗，已经栽了15棵。

剩下的每行栽7棵，可以载几行？还剩多少棵树苗？2.兔妈妈拔了31个萝卜，自己吃了4个，剩下的想平均分给5只小兔吃，每只小兔最多可以分得几个，还剩几个？3.学校买回50个篮球，平均分给9个班级，每个班级分得几个，还剩几个？8. 动动脑，填一填。

1.一堆草莓有60颗，每个盘子最多放8颗。

全部放完至少需要______个盘子；拿走______颗，就可以正好装满7个盘子；再添加______颗，就可以正好装满8个盘子。

2.下面( )里最大能填几?(______)×5<34 6×(______)<43 69>9×(______)3.在41÷5中，余数是______，它比______小。

北京汇文中学初三初三化学上册期中复习试卷

北京汇文中学初三化学上册期中复习试卷一、选择题（培优题较难）1．某高性能锂电池，其反应原理可表示为： Li+MnO2= LiMnO2，已知锂元素在化合物中显+1价，下列说法正确的是A．LiMnO2是氧化物 B．该反应是化合反应C．此反应中，二氧化锰是催化剂 D．LiMnO2中锰元素的化合价显+2价2．宏观辨识和微观剖析是化学核心素养之一。

下列说法正确的是 ( )A．反应前后元素的种类及化合价均未发生改变B．参加反应的和的微粒个数比是4:3C．反应涉及到的物质中,是由原子构成的单质,只有属于氧化物D．该反应生成的单质和化合物的质量比时3：203．某工地发生多人食物中毒，经化验为误食工业用盐亚硝酸钠（NaNO2）所致。

NaNO2中氮元素的化合价是（）A．＋4B．＋3C．＋2D．＋54．下列有关氧气的说法，错误的是（）A．氧气能支持燃烧B．细铁丝在氧气中燃烧，生成氧化铁C．在通常状况下，氧气的密度比空气大D．氧气的化学性质比较活泼，能跟许多物质发生反应5．已知：金属X在常温下能与空气中的氧气反应，而金属Y和Z不能；将Y 、Z分别投入稀盐酸中，Y溶解并产生气泡，Z无变化。

下列说法正确的是A．X氧化物的化学式只能表示为XO B．Y能将X从它的盐溶液中置换出来C．Z在自然界中只能以单质形式存在 D．三种金属的活动性顺序：X>Y>Z6．鉴别二氧化碳、氧气、空气三种气体，可选用的最佳方法是( )A．将气体分别通入水中B．将燃着的木条分别伸入气体中C．将带火星的木条分别伸入气体中D．将气体分别通入澄清石灰水中7．化学是在分子、原子的层次上研究物质的性质、组成、结构与变化规律的科学。

下图是某化学反应的微观示意图，下列说法正确的是A．反应前后分子的个数不变B．生成物有三种C．反应前后汞原子和氧原子的个数不变D．是保持氧气化学性质的最小粒子8．在一个密闭容器中放入甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质，在一定条件下充分反应，测得反应前后各物质的质量如下表所示。

2023-2024学年山西省大同市浑源县苏教版三年级下册期末考试数学试卷(含答案解析)

2023-2024学年山西省大同市浑源县苏教版三年级下册期末考试数学试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、计算题1．直接写得数。

0.5＋6.2＝ 4.6－4.2＝22×30＝103×4＝840÷4＝31 55-=2588+=48－48÷3＝（54＋6）÷6＝2×3÷2×3＝2．竖式计算，带★的要验算。

4.9＋3.4＝7.3－0.5＝542÷5＝★76×89＝3．脱式计算。

15×（524－478）48×12÷6240＋56×14二、填空题4．一头牛约重250千克，()头这样的牛正好重1吨。

5．26×50的积是()位数，积的末尾有()个0。

6．6时＝()分2元5角＝()元（填小数）8000千克＝()吨3分米＝()米（填分数）7．在（）里填上合适的单位。

小博是一名三年级学生，体重是32()，他家一个月大约用水8()，他书房的书柜高2.2()，这个书柜正面的面积约是6()。

8．《满江红》是南宋抗金民族英雄岳飞创作的一首词，表现了作者收复故土，统一祖国的强烈爱国精神。

星期天奶妈带小博去观看电影《满江红》，下午2：00开始播放，经过1小时50分钟放映结束，结束时间用24时计时法表示是()。

9．2022年北京冬奥会的成功举办，使北京这座古典与现代完美融合的城市成为世界上首座“双奥之城”。

这一年第一季度有()天。

10．找规律。

(1)9.1，8.2，7.3，6.4，()，()。

(2)12，24，36，48，()。

11．在□里填上合适的小数。

12．用5个面积是1平方分米的正方形拼成一个长方形，长方形的面积是()平方分米，周长是()分米。

13．五一劳动节假期，小博全家开车去旅行，早上9时出发，下午5时到达目的地，汽车平均每小时行驶90千米，小博家到目的地一共有()千米。

浩海学校高中试卷试题复习第二学期期中考试高二物理试卷

涝酒州涉消市浩海学校徐闻中学度第二学期期中考试试卷高二物理（满分：100分时间：90分钟）一、本题共10小题；每小题4分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有的小题只有一个选项正确，有的小题有多个选项正确，选不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分.1．第29届奥运会已经在北京召开，北京奥运会场馆大量采用对环境有益的新技术，如奥运会场周围80％－90％的路灯将利用太阳能发电技术，奥运会90％的洗浴热水将采用全玻璃真空太阳能集热技术，太阳能的产生是由于太阳内部高温高压下的核反应形成的，则下列说法正确的是（）A．核反应方程可能为411H→42He + 201eB．核反应方程可能为23592U+1n→13654Xe+9038Sr+101nC．若质子、氦能、正电子质量分别为m1、m2、m3，那么４个质子反应生成一个氦核和2个正电子时放出的能量是（m2+2m3－4m1）c2D．核反应411H→42He + 201e属于衰变，核反应23592U+1n→13654Xe+9038Sr+101n属于衰变2．氢原子的核外电子由离原子核较近的轨道跃迁到离核较的远轨道上时，下列说法中正确的是（）A ．氢原子的能量增加B ．氢原子的能量减少C ．氢原子要吸收一定频率的光子D ．氢原子要放出一定频率的光子 3．卢瑟福在研究粒子轰击金箔的实验中，根据实验现象提出原子的核式结构。

以下说法正确的是（）A ．绝大多数粒子穿过金箔运动方向不变，说明原子所带正电是均匀分布的 B ．极少数粒子发生大角度的偏转，说明这些粒子受到了较大的库仑斥力作用 C ．粒子轰击金箔的实验现象说明原子的全部正电荷和几乎全部质量都集中在原子核里D ．粒子轰击金箔的实验现象说明带负电的电子在核外空间里绕着核旋转4．一个U 23592原子核在中子的轰击下发生一种可能的裂变反应，其裂变方程为 23519419203802U n X Sr n+→++，则下列说法正确的是（） A.X 的原子核中含有86个中子 B.X 的原子核中含有141个核子C.因为裂变释放能量，出现质量亏损，所以裂变后的总质量数减少D.U 23592是天然放射性元素，它的半衰期约为7亿年，随着地球环境的不断变化，半衰期可能变短也可能变长5．在光电效应现象中，下列说法中正确的是（）A ．入射光的强度越大，光电子的最大初动能越大B ．光电子的最大初动能随照射光的频率增大而增大C ．对于任何一种金属都存在一个“最大波长”，入射光的波长必须小于此波长，才能产生光电效应D ．对于某种金属，只要入射光的强度足够大，就会发生光电效应6．某物体沿粗糙斜面上滑，达到最高点后又返回原处，下列分析正确的是（）A ．上滑、下滑两过程中摩擦力的冲量大小相等B ．上滑、下滑两过程中合外力的冲量相等C ．上滑、下滑两过程中动量变化的方向相同D ．整个运动过程中动量变化的方向沿斜面向下7．通过研究发现：若氢原子处于各定态时具有的能量值分别为E 1 = 0, E 2 = 10.2eV ，E 3 = 12.leV ，E 4 = 12.8eV ，E 5＝13.06eV 。

濠村乡中心学校2018-2019学年三年级下学期数学期中模拟试卷含解析

濠村乡中心学校2018-2019学年三年级下学期数学期中模拟试卷含解析班级__________ 座号_____ 姓名__________ 分数__________一、选择题1．（2分）2012年的二、三、四月一共有（）天。

A. 90B. 92C. 91【答案】A【考点】年、月、日及其关系、单位换算与计算，平年、闰年的判断方法【解析】【解答】2012÷4=503，2012年是闰年，2月有29天，29+31+30=60+30=90（天）故答案为：A.【分析】闰年的判断方法：当年份是整百年时，年份能被400整除的是闰年，不能被400整除的是平年；当年份不是整百年时，年份能被4整除的是闰年，不能被4整除的是平年；一年有12个月，1、3、5、7、8、10、12是大月，每个月31天，4、6、9、11是小月，每个月30天，平年2月28天，闰年2月29天，据此解答.2．（8分）看图回答下面的图形分别是明明从哪个位置看到的？（1）A. 正面B. 左侧面C. 右侧面D. 上面（2）A. 正面B. 左侧面C. 右侧面D. 上面（3）A. 正面B. 左侧面C. 右侧面D. 上面（4）A. 正面B. 左侧面C. 右侧面D. 上面【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【考点】从不同方向观察物体和几何体【解析】【解答】（1）是明明从上面看到的；（2）是明明从左侧面看到的；（3）是明明从右侧面看到的；（4）是明明从正面看到的.故答案为：（1）D；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A.【分析】从不同的位置观察同一个物体，通常看到的形状是不同的，根据观察到的图形即可判断观察的方位.3．（2分）在英语竞赛中，做对一题得10分，做错一题倒扣4分，共有15题。

李晓得了108分，他做错了（）题。

A. 14B. 12C. 3【答案】C【解析】【解答】解：（15×10-108）÷（10+4）=42÷14=3（题）故答案为：C【分析】假设都做对了，则共得分15×10，这样一定比108分多，是因为把做错的也当作做对的给分了。

浩海学校高中高一物理下学期期中试题A

涝酒州涉消市浩海学校高一下学期期中考试物理试题注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

3．第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ4．考试结束后，只把答题卷交回（试题卷自己保留好，以备评讲）。

一、选择题（每小题4分，共48分）1．下列说法正确的是（）A．做曲线运动的物体受到的合力一定不为零B．做曲线运动的物体的加速度一定是变化的C．物体在恒力作用下，不可能做曲线运动D．物体在变力作用下，可能做直线运动，也可能做曲线运动2．关于运动的合成，下列说法正确的是（）A．合运动的速度一定比每一个分运动的速度大B．两个匀速直线运动的合运动，一定是匀速直线运动C．两个分运动是直线运动的合运动，一定是直线运动D．两个分运动的时间，一定与它们的合运动的时间相等3．要想在最短的时间内渡过一条河流，则小船的船头应该（）A．垂直指向对岸 B．斜指向上游方向C．斜指向下游方向 D．不知水流速度无法判断4．下列关于平抛运动的说法中正确的是（）A．平抛运动是匀变速运动 B．平抛运动是变加速运动C．任意两段时间内加速度相同D．任意两段相等时间内速度变化相同5．下列说法符合史实的是（）A．牛顿发现了行星的运动规律B．开普勒发现了万有引力定律C．卡文迪许第一次在实验室里测出了万有引力常量D．牛顿发现了海王星和冥王星6．．关于开普勒行星运动的公式23TR＝k，以下理解正确的是（）A．k是一个与行星无关的常量B．若地球绕太阳运转轨道的半长轴为R地，周期为T地；月球绕地球运转轨道的长半轴为R月，周期为T月，则2323月月地地TR TRC．T表示行星运动的自转周期D．T表示行星运动的公转周期7．关于匀速圆周运动的说法中正确的是（）A．匀速圆周运动是匀速运动B．匀速圆周运动是变速运动C．匀速圆周运动的线速度不变D．匀速圆周运动的角速度不变8．下列说法中错误的是（）A．做匀速圆周运动的物体没有加速度B．做匀速圆周运动的物体所受合力为零C．匀速圆周运动的加速度保持不变D．做匀速圆周运动的物体处于平衡状态9．关于向心力的说法正确的是（）A．物体由于做圆周运动而产生了一个向心力B．向心力不改变圆周运动物体速度的大小C．做匀速圆周运动的物体所受的合力即为其向心力D．做匀速圆周运动的物体所受的向心力是不变的10．关于向心力和向心加速度的说法，正确的是（）A．向心力是指向圆心方向的合力B．向心力可以是重力、弹力、摩擦力等各种力的合力，也可以是其中一种力或某种力的分力C．向心加速度描述速度大小变化的快慢D．向心加速度描述速度方向变化的快慢11．用长短不同，材料相同的同样粗细的绳子，各栓着一个质量相同的小球，在光滑水平面上做匀速圆周运动，那么（）A．小球以相同的线速度运动时，长绳易断B．小球以相同的角速度运动时，长绳易断C．小球以相同的角速度运动时，短绳易断D．不管怎样都是短绳易断12.10月22日，欧洲航天局由卫星观测发现银河系中心存在一个超大型黑洞，命名为MCG6－30－15，由于黑洞的强大引力，周围物质大量掉入黑洞，假定银河系中心仅此一个黑洞，已知太阳系绕银河系中心匀速运转，下列哪一组数据可估算该黑洞的质量（）A．地球绕太阳公转的周期和速度B．太阳的质量和运行速度C．太阳质量和到MCG6－30－15的距离D．太阳运行速度和到MCG6－30－15的距离第三实验高中2013—2014学年下学期期中考试试卷高一物理一、选择题（每小题4分，共48分）二、填空题（每空1分，共24分）1．运动物体所受的合外力为零时，物体做运动，如果合外力不为零，它的方向与物体速度方向在同一直线上，物体就做运动，如果不在同一直线上，物体就做运动。

2021届中山市中山市濠头中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案

2021届中山市中山市濠头中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the sun shines brightly, it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done. Like making hay! At least, that is what farmers from the past would say. ―Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old, dating back to Medieval times. Rain would often ruin the process of making hay. So, farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.Today, we all use this expression, not just farmers. When conditions are perfect to get something done, we can say, ―It’s a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words, you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions. You are making the most of your opportunities. These all mean ―making hay while the sun shines.And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch, or we got ahead of someone else. And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. You are being opportunistic – taking advantage of a good opportunity. For example, my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work. So, his co-worker Sarah -- who doesn’t like him -- took advantage of his illness and stole his project! Talk about making hay while the sun shines.Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem – like in this example:Hey, do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend? The weather is going to be beautiful! I wish I could. But I have to finish my taxes. It’s the last weekend before they’re due.Oh, that’s too bad.Wait. What about your taxes?My taxes are done. I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined. I got all of it done!I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week___1___All I did was lay around thehouse.And that’s all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories. But join us again next week. You can listen while you’re making dinner or riding to work. Yeah, make hay while the sun shines.1.Which of the following best matches ―make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?A.Sow nothing, reap nothing.B.Sharp tools make good work.C.Strike while the iron is hot.D.One swallow doesn’t make a summer.2.According to the underlined sentence, what feeling does the speaker express?A.AdmirableB.RegretfulC.AnnoyedD.Indifferent3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A radio programB.A magazineC.A brochureD.A novelBIt’s 13:30 and 28-year-old Marten Pella 's smart phone starts pinging, a signal that it’s time for us to stop working around his living room table and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and sit-ups around his apartment.Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workers-freelancers（自由职业者）or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotely—to work at each other’s homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life.Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exercise, or simply chatting over a coffee. In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then I’m easily distracted（分心）.The help of others makes me so much more disciplined.” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts. “People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so there can be really interesting discussions,” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen, now 37. He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective（集体的）intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home co-working with friends in similar situations,” he says.Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because there’s a sense of community and desire to contribute. He’s looking for ways to expand the social value of Hoffice, bymatching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.4. Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?A. In his own home.B. In his office.C. In another person’s home.D. At Stockholm University.5. What do people attending Hoffice events do first when they meet?A. Watch an exercise video.B. Work silently for 45 minutes.C. Tell each other their daily plans.D. Report what they have achieved.6. What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”?A. They usually work alone.B. They often give lectures.C. They study collective intelligence.D. They have to work at a kitchen table.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Sharing Comfortable WorkplacesB. A New Way to Make New FriendsC. Benefits of Collective IntelligenceD. Working from Others’ HomesCPreparations for the Tokyo Olympics have suffered another challenge after a survey found that 60% of people in Japan want them to be cancelled,less than three months before the Games are scheduled to open.Japan has extended a state of emergency in Tokyo and several other regions until the end of May as it struggles to control a fast increase in COVID-19 cases caused by new, more catching variants（变异体）with medical staff warning that health services in some areas are on the edge of breaking down.The Olympics, which were delayed by a year due to the pandemic, are set to open on 23 July, with the International Olympic Committee（IOC）and organizers insisting that measures will be put in place to ensure the safety of athletes and other visitors, as well as a nervous Japanese public.The survey, conducted between 7 and 9 May by the conservative Yomiuri Shimbun, showed 60% wanted the Games cancelled as opposed to 39% who said they should be held. “Postponement” — an option abandoned by the IOC — was not offered as a choice.Of those who said the Olympics should go ahead, 23% said they should take place without audience. Foreign audience have been banned but a final decision on native attendance will be made in June.Another poll conducted at the weekend by TBS News found 65% wanted the Games cancelled or postponedagain, with 37% voting to give up the event altogether and 28% calling for another delay. A similar poll in April conducted by Kyodo news agency found 70% wanted the Olympics cancelled or postponed.The IOC's vice president, John Coates, said that while Japanese sentiment about the Games “was a concern”, he could foresee no situation under which the sporting events would not go ahead.8. How many Japanese wish the Olympics would not be held in Tokyo according to the survey?A. 60%.B. 28%.C. 37%.D. 70%.9. What should be put into consideration if the Olympics open?A. The economic crisis.B. The urban transport.C. The safety of athletes.D. The health condition of citizens.10. What is some people's attitude towards foreign spectators in Paragraph 5?A. Welcome.B. Unfriendly.C. Cold.D. Unsupported.11. What can we conclude from John Coates'words?A. The Olympics will be stopped this year.B. The Olympics will be put off.C. The Olympics will be held normally.D. The Olympics will take place in other place.DA team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles. They are strong and flexible at the same time, can feel the movements they perform and, whenever they suffer damage, they can self-heal. However, what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.The robotic muscles have been called actuators, and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles. By creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators, researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.To make the robotic muscles work, they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil. Then, they applied some electricity, and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and powered them. This way, the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles, but a lot quicker.Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles, and created more types of actuators, each of them performing a different movement. They called these robotic muscles HASEL ( Hydraulically-AmplifiedSelf-healing Electrostatic). However, they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger, faster, and more flexible.Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology. Eric Acome, the author of one of the studies, explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we haven't seen before.”These muscles are special because they are also self-healing. This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them, which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms (机械)using solids. In the end, the material which keeps the liquid, the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap. It is a type of polymer (聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags, and can be manufactures for only 10 cents.12. What can we learn about actuators?A. They can heal on their own.B. They are biological muscles.C. They can not move like human muscles.D. They are slower to react than real muscles.13. What do actuators use to directly power electrodes?A. Solids.B. Liquid and oil.C. A type of polymer.D. Potato chips bags.14. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The origin of actuators.B. The opinions on actuators.C. The advantages of actuators.D. The significance of actuators.15. In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?A. Health.B. Culture.C. Education.D. Technology.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。